Deep Learning Predicts Microbial Interactions From Self-Organized Spatiotemporal Patterns,
2020
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Deep Learning Predicts Microbial Interactions From Self-Organized Spatiotemporal Patterns, Joon-Yong Lee, Natalie C. Sadler, Robert G. Egbert, Christopher R. Anderton, Kirsten S. Hofmockel, Janet K. Jansson, Hyun-Seob Song
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
Microbial communities organize into spatial patterns that are largely governed by interspecies interactions. This phenomenon is an important metric for understanding community functional dynamics, yet the use of spatial patterns for predicting microbial interactions is currently lacking. Here we propose supervised deep learning as a new tool for network inference. An agent-based model was used to simulate the spatiotemporal evolution of two interacting organisms under diverse growth and interaction scenarios, the data of which was subsequently used to train deep neural networks. For small-size domains (100 mm x 100 mm) over which interaction coefficients are assumed to be invariant, we …
Swine Slurry Characteristics As Affected By Selected Additives And Disinfectants,
2020
University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Swine Slurry Characteristics As Affected By Selected Additives And Disinfectants, Jon Duerschner, Shannon L. Bartelt-Hunt, Kent Eskridge, John E. Gilley, Xu Li, Amy M. Schmidt, Daniel D. Snow
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
Current swine industry practice is to house animals in confinement facilities which capture and store feces and urine as slurry in pits below the production area. Additives and disinfectants may be introduced into the manure pits. This study was conducted to measure the effects of additives and disinfectants on temporal changes in swine slurry characteristics. Slurry from a commercial swine production facility in southeast Nebraska, USA was collected and transferred to 57 L reactors located within a greenhouse. Selected additives and disinfectants were added to the reactors and physical properties, chemical characteristics, and antibiotic concentrations were monitored for 40 days. …
A Decade Of Unmanned Aerial Systems In Irrigated Agriculture In The Western U.S.,
2020
Colorado State University
A Decade Of Unmanned Aerial Systems In Irrigated Agriculture In The Western U.S., Jose L. Chavez, Alfonso F. Torres-Rua, Wayne E. Woldt, Huihui Zhang, Christopher Robertson, Gary W. Marek, Dong Wang, Derek M. Heeren, Saleh Taghvaeian, Christopher M. U. Neale
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
Several research institutes, laboratories, academic programs, and service companies around the United States have been developing programs to utilize small unmanned aerial systems (sUAS) as an instrument to improve the efficiency of in-field water and agronomical management. This article describes a decade of efforts on research and development efforts focused on UAS technologies and methodologies developed for irrigation management, including the evolution of aircraft and sensors in contrast to data from satellites. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) regulations for UAS operation in agriculture have been synthesized along with proposed modifications to enhance UAS contributions to irrigated agriculture. Although it is feasible …
Evaluation Of Low-Cost Depth Cameras For Agricultural Applications,
2020
“Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture & University of Nebraska-Lincoln & University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign
Evaluation Of Low-Cost Depth Cameras For Agricultural Applications, Isabella C.F.S. Condotta, T. M. Brown-Brandl, Santosh Pitla, John P. Stinn, Késia O. Silva-Miranda
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
Low-cost depth-cameras have been used in many agricultural applications with reported advantages of low cost, reliability and speed of measurement. However, some problems were also reported and seem to be technology- related, so understanding the limitations of each type of depth camera technology could provide a basis for technology selection and the development of research involving its use. The cameras use one or a combination of two of the three available technologies: structured light, time-of-flight (ToF), and stereoscopy. The objectives were to evaluate these different technologies for depth sensing, including measuring accuracy and repeatability of distance data and measurements at …
Ultrasmall Mixed Eu−Gd Oxide Nanoparticles For Multimodal
Fluorescence And Magnetic Resonance Imaging Of Passive
Accumulation And Retention In Tbi,
2020
University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Ultrasmall Mixed Eu−Gd Oxide Nanoparticles For Multimodal Fluorescence And Magnetic Resonance Imaging Of Passive Accumulation And Retention In Tbi, Badrul Alam Bony, Hunter A. Miller, Aria W. Tarudji, Connor C. Gee, Anandakumar Sarella, Michael G. Nichols, Forrest Kievit
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. TBI can have a long-term impact on the quality of life for survivors of all ages. However, there remains no approved treatment that improves outcomes following TBI, which is partially due to poor delivery of therapies into the brain. Therefore, there is a significant unmet need to develop more effective delivery strategies that increase the accumulation and retention of potentially efficacious treatments in the injured brain. Recent work has revealed that nanoparticles (NPs) may offer a promising approach for site-specific delivery; however, a detailed understanding of the …
Optimal Depth Jump Height Quantified As Percentage Of Athlete Stature,
2020
University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Optimal Depth Jump Height Quantified As Percentage Of Athlete Stature, Curtis L. Tomasevicz, Ryan Hasenkamp, Jack W. Ransone, David Jones
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
Purpose: An individual’s optimal depth jump platform height provides a resistive force which allows an athlete to rebound with substantial velocity resulting in maximum power exertion. The objective of this investigation was to show that the optimal platform height in a depth jump can be quantified as a percentage of individual body stature which can serve as measurable quantified value. Although athlete height is not highly correlated to power ability nor does a universal height exist, this value can provide a basis for a rehabilitation or strength and conditioning program. The desired intensity of a program can be prescribed as …
Comparison Of Object Detection And Patch-Based Classification Deep Learning Models On Mid- To Late-Season Weed Detection In Uav Imagery,
2020
University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Comparison Of Object Detection And Patch-Based Classification Deep Learning Models On Mid- To Late-Season Weed Detection In Uav Imagery, Arun Narenthiran Veeranampalayam Sivakumar, Jiating Li, Stephen Scott, Eric T. Psota, Amit J. Jhala, Joe D. Luck, Yeyin Shi
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
Mid- to late-season weeds that escape from the routine early-season weed management threaten agricultural production by creating a large number of seeds for several future growing seasons. Rapid and accurate detection of weed patches in field is the first step of site-specific weed management. In this study, object detection-based convolutional neural network models were trained and evaluated over low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery for mid- to late-season weed detection in soybean fields. The performance of two object detection models, Faster RCNN and the Single Shot Detector (SSD), were evaluated and compared in terms of weed detection performance using mean …
Representing Organic Matter Thermodynamics In Biogeochemical Reations Via Substrate-Explicit Modeling,
2020
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland & University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Representing Organic Matter Thermodynamics In Biogeochemical Reations Via Substrate-Explicit Modeling, Hyun-Seob Song, James C. Stegen, Emily B. Graham, Joon-Yong Lee, Vanessa A. Garayburu-Caruso, William C. Nelson, Xingyuan Chen, J. David Moulton, Timothy D. Scheibe
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
Predictive biogeochemical modeling requires data-model integration that enables explicit representation of the sophisticated roles of microbial processes that transform substrates. Data from high-resolution organic matter (OM) characterization are increasingly available and can serve as a critical resource for this purpose, but their incorporation into biogeochemical models is often prohibited due to an over-simplified description of reaction networks. To fill this gap, we proposed a new concept of biogeochemical modeling—termed substrate-explicit modeling—that enables parameterizing OM-specific oxidative degradation pathways and reaction rates based on the thermodynamic properties of OM pools. Based on previous developments in the literature, we characterized the resulting kinetic …
Automatic Wheat Lodging Detection And Mapping In Aerial Imagery To Support High-Throughput Phenotyping And In-Season Crop Management,
2020
University of Nebraska-Lincoln & Huazhong Agricultural University & Ministry of Agriculture
Automatic Wheat Lodging Detection And Mapping In Aerial Imagery To Support High-Throughput Phenotyping And In-Season Crop Management, Biquan Zhao, Jiating Li, P. Stephen Baenziger, Vikas Belamkar, Yufeng Ge, Jian Zhang, Yeyin Shi
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
Latest advances in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) allow us to detect crop lodging in a more precise and accurate way. However, the performance and generalization of a model capable of detecting lodging when the plants may show different spectral and morphological signatures have not been investigated much. This study investigated and compared the performance of models trained using aerial imagery collected at two growth stages of winter wheat with different canopy phenotypes. Specifically, three CNN-based models were trained with aerial imagery collected at early grain filling stage only, at physiological maturity only, and at …
Predicting Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons In Field Soils With Vis–Nir Models Developed On Laboratory-Constructed Samples,
2020
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Predicting Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons In Field Soils With Vis–Nir Models Developed On Laboratory-Constructed Samples, Nuwan K. Wijewardane, Yufeng Ge, Natasha Sihota, Thomas Hoelen, Toni Miaso, David C. Weindorf
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
Accurate quantification of petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) is required for optimizing remedial efforts at oil spill sites. While evaluating total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) in soils is often conducted using costly and time-consuming laboratory methods, visible and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (Vis–NIR) has been proven to be a rapid and cost-effective field-based method for soil TPH quantification. This study investigated whether Vis–NIR models calibrated from laboratory-constructed PHC soil samples could be used to accurately estimate TPH concentration of field samples. To evaluate this, a laboratory sample set was constructed by mixing crude oil with uncontaminated soil samples, and two field sample sets (F …
High‐ And Low‐Molecular‐Weight Chitosan Act As Adjuvants During Single‐Dose Influenza A Virus Protein Vaccination Through Distinct Mechanisms,
2020
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
High‐ And Low‐Molecular‐Weight Chitosan Act As Adjuvants During Single‐Dose Influenza A Virus Protein Vaccination Through Distinct Mechanisms, Anna T. Lampe, Eric Farris, Deborah M. Brown, Angela K. Pannier
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
The investigation of new adjuvants is essential for the development of efficacious vaccines. Chitosan (CS), a derivative of chitin, has been shown to act as an adjuvant, improving vaccine‐induced immune responses. However, the effect of CS molecular weight (MW) on this adjuvanticity has not been investigated, despite MW having been shown to impact CS biological properties. Here, two MW variants of CS were in- vestigated for their ability to enhance vaccine‐elicited immune responses in vitro and in vivo, using a single‐dose influenza A virus (IAV) protein vaccine model. Both low‐ molecular‐weight (LMW) and high‐molecular‐weight (HMW) CS‐induced interferon regulatory factor pathway …
Antibiotic Resistance Gene Profile Changes In Cropland Soil After Manure Application And Rainfall,
2020
USDA-ARS, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Antibiotic Resistance Gene Profile Changes In Cropland Soil After Manure Application And Rainfall, Morgan A. Meyers, Lisa M. Durso, John E. Gilley, Heidi Waldrip, Lana Castleberry, Amy Schmidt
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
Land application of manure introduces gastrointestinal microbes into the environ- ment, including bacteria carrying antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Measuring soil ARGs is important for active stewardship efforts to minimize gene flow from agri- cultural production systems; however, the variety of sampling protocols and target genes makes it difficult to compare ARG results between studies. We used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods to characterize and/or quantify 27 ARG targets in soils from 20 replicate, long-term no-till plots, before and after swine manure application and simulated rainfall and runoff. All samples were negative for the 10 b-lactamase genes assayed. For tetracycline resistance, …
Setback Distance Impacts On Transport And Antibiotic Resistance Phenotypes Of Fecal Indicators,
2020
USDA-ARS, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Setback Distance Impacts On Transport And Antibiotic Resistance Phenotypes Of Fecal Indicators, Morgan A. Meyers, Lisa M. Durso, John E. Gilley, Daniel N. Miller, Xu Li, Amy M. Schmidt Schmidt
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
Although the land application of livestock manure has numerous agronomic benefits, runoff from manured fields can degrade water quality. Setbacks instruct a minimum distance be maintained between manure application and surface waters. They are commonly used to manage nutrient contamination of surface waters; however, their utility for reducing microbial inputs remains unclear. Here we evaluated the efficacy of five setback distances in no-till wheat (Triticum aes- tivum L.) residue plots for reducing runoff fecal indicator concentrations from swine manure-amended fields. Also, since there is increasing interest in the use of water quality indicators to monitor antibiotic resistance in environmental sys- …
Interrelationships Between Water Use Efficiency And Light Use Efficiency In Four Row Crop Canopies,
2020
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Interrelationships Between Water Use Efficiency And Light Use Efficiency In Four Row Crop Canopies, Meetpal S. Kukal, Suat Irmak Dr.
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
Quantitative evidence of light use efficiency (LUE) controls on water use effi- ciency (WUE) is lacking, especially comparatively across row crops. Field research experiments (2016–2018) were set up for maize (Zea mays L.), soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), under optimal growth conditions in dry sub-humid conditions. Overall, LUE was able to explain 52% of variance in WUE, and were related as WUE = 1.73 LUE, although crop-specific variation was observed. High- est sensitivity of WUE to changes in LUE was found in sorghum, followed by soybean, winter wheat, and …
Innovative Extension Methods In The U.S. To Promote Irrigation Water Management,
2020
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Innovative Extension Methods In The U.S. To Promote Irrigation Water Management, Daran Rudnick, Matt Stockton, Saleh Taghvaeian, Jason Warren, Michael D. Dukes, Amy Kremen, Christopher G. Henry, Jonathan Aguilar, Brenda Ortiz, Allan A. Andales, Chuck A. Burr, Xin Qiao, Wei‑Zhen Liang, Steven Walthour, Steve H. Amosson
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
Promotion and adoption of irrigation water management (IWM) technology, tools, and best management practices are important as water availability concerns are addressed. Traditional extension programs have relied on lecture presentations, field tours, fact sheets, and on-station demonstrations to promote IWM practices and tools. However, these platforms tend not to provide the experience and opportunity for growers to identify and become comfortable with innovative solutions, such as new technology. To address these challenges and to appeal to an ever-changing client base, innovative and locally relevant extension and outreach programs have been devised to engage and educate growers. This article describes some …
Accumulation And Release Of Nutrients By Immersed Stalks Collected On Selected Dates Following Harvest,
2020
USDA-ARS
Accumulation And Release Of Nutrients By Immersed Stalks Collected On Selected Dates Following Harvest, John E. Gilley, David B. Marx
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
The concentrations of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) in runoff from cropland areas may be influenced by accumulation and release of P and N by stalk residues. A laboratory study was conducted to measure the effects of time since harvest and immersion period on accumulation and release of P and N by corn, soybean, and wheat stalks. Experimental variables included type of stalk material (corn, soybean, and wheat), time since harvest (six residue collection dates over an approximate 1-year period), and stalk immersion period (25 s (0.42 min), 250 s (4.2 min), 2500 s (42 min), 25,000 s (6.9 h), …
Effect Of Urea Fertilizer Deep Placement Days After Transplanting Using Brri Prilled Urea Applicator On Transplanted Boro Rice Yield,
2020
Sylhet Agricultural University
Effect Of Urea Fertilizer Deep Placement Days After Transplanting Using Brri Prilled Urea Applicator On Transplanted Boro Rice Yield, Muhammad Rashed Al Mamun, K. Naher, Md Towfiqur Rahman, Md Anwar Hossen
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
Rice is the most important crop in the developing countries of Asia. In the south and south-east Asia, rain-fed and irrigated transplanted rice occupies nearly two-thirds of the rice-growing area and produces more than 80% of the rough rice. In these areas, prilled urea conventionally applied by farmers is very insufficient in the transplanted rice field, where severe losses occur (up to 60% of applied N) via NH3volatilization, denitrification, leaching, and runoff. Considering loss minimization, an experiment was conducted during the Boro season at Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation (BADC) in Sylhet to evaluate the performance of BRRI Prilled …
Effect Of Rotary Blade Modification On Residue Retention Into Conservation Agriculture Practices,
2020
Bangladesh Agricultural University
Effect Of Rotary Blade Modification On Residue Retention Into Conservation Agriculture Practices, Md Talash Mahmud, Md Towfiqur Rahman, Md Mosharraf Hossain, Muhammad Ashik-E-Rabbani
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
Conservation Agriculture (CA) has been a promising technique for better crop production. Manual seeding with conventional tillage practice is laborious and time consuming. However, Strip tillage (ST) method incorporating seeding machines minimizes human drudgery and optimizes the crop yield. Many problems associated with ST have been rectified e.g. tiny furrow backfill, inaccuracy of seed and fertilizer placement, leading to poor germination and curtailed outcomes. This article focused on the effects of residue retention for the rotary blades design on a versatile multi-crop planter (VMP). Four types of rotary blades of VMP differed by 15o increment of tip angles were …
Present Mechanization Of Regional Tea Processing And Grading System In Bangladesh,
2020
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Present Mechanization Of Regional Tea Processing And Grading System In Bangladesh, Md Towfiqur Rahman, Marwa Rahman, Kaswar Hamid, Sabiha Ferdous, Muhammad Rashed Al Mamun
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
Nowadays tea is the most popular beverage crop of Bangladesh which contributes to our national GDP. There are 166 tea gardens in the various region in Bangladesh are producing tea. Some best quality tea is exporting from our country but this amount is negligible due to improper handling and processing systems. Quality tea production from processing houses is beyond control and mostly depends on the processing method. Improper handling and insufficient technology results in lower grade tea, as well as foreign contaminates, are found in made tea. This research focused on the problems of the present of tea processing and …
Predicting Escherichia Coli Loads In Cascading Dams With Machine Learning: An Integration Of Hydrometeorology, Animal Density And Grazing Pattern,
2020
University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Predicting Escherichia Coli Loads In Cascading Dams With Machine Learning: An Integration Of Hydrometeorology, Animal Density And Grazing Pattern, Olufemi P. Abimbola, Aaron R. Mittelstet, Tiffany Messer, Elaine D. Berry, Shannon L. Bartelt-Hunt, Samuel Hansen
Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications
Accurate prediction of Escherichia coli contamination in surface waters is challenging due to considerable uncertainty in the physical, chemical and biological variables that control E. coli occurrence and sources in surface waters. This study proposes a novel approach by integrating hydro-climatic variables as well as animal density and grazing pattern in the feature selection modeling phase to increase E. coli prediction accuracy for two cascading dams at the US Meat Animal Research Center (USMARC), Nebraska. Predictive models were developed using regression techniques and an artificial neural network (ANN). Two adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) structures including subtractive clustering and fuzzy …
