Teacher Perceptions Of Disproportionality Of Minorities In Special Education,
2010
Liberty University
Teacher Perceptions Of Disproportionality Of Minorities In Special Education, Kristy Henry Park
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The intent of this study was to determine if special education teachers had certain perceptions regarding the disproportionate amount of minorities in special education classes. I examined special education teachers' awareness of the disproportionality, their causal theories, and the effectiveness of Response to Intervention (RTI) to regulate disproportionality. I implemented three different data collection methods to measure the teachers' perceptions: an initial face-to-face interview session, a written survey, and additional interview questioning. Participants in the study included 11 special education teachers from three middle schools in Northern Georgia. Ten of the 11 teachers admitted awareness of the problem of disproportionality, …
Diverse Learners And Teacher Education: A Sociocultural Approach,
2010
Linfield College
Diverse Learners And Teacher Education: A Sociocultural Approach, Genevieve Harris
2010 Projects
This project examines the PK-12 school system in the United States to see how and why the achievement gap between white, middle-class students and students of diverse background occurs. Based on other compiled research, it is generally understood that the cultural background of students and teachers is growing farther and farther apart. It is commonly observed in communities of color/poverty that there is usually a higher dropout rate and level of disengagement between the student and their education. This examination, in part, looks into whether or not teacher education programs are meeting the standards of modern college students and addresses …
The Predictive Relationship Between Temperament, School Adjustment, And Academic Achievement: A 2-Year Longitudinal Study Of Children At-Risk,
2010
Virginia Commonwealth University
The Predictive Relationship Between Temperament, School Adjustment, And Academic Achievement: A 2-Year Longitudinal Study Of Children At-Risk, Maha Al-Hendawi
Theses and Dissertations
Individual differences in temperament can be a risk or a protective factor for a child, especially for children at-risk who possess single or multiple risk factors that may interfere with their educational success and affect their healthy development and their life-long outcomes. This research study examined the concurrent and longitudinal relationships between temperament, school adjustment, and academic achievement in children at-risk. Seventy-seven children, ages five to 11 years, were reassessed two years after an initial study. Their teachers completed the Temperament Assessment Battery for Children (TABC), the Behavior Assessment System for Children (BASC), and reported on the children's academic achievement. …
The Group Selection Questionnaire: Discriminant Outcomes And Effectiveness,
2010
Brigham Young University - Provo
The Group Selection Questionnaire: Discriminant Outcomes And Effectiveness, Jeffrey Lee Elder
Theses and Dissertations
The Group Selection Questionnaire (GSQ; Cox et al., 2004) is a measure that has been developed to facilitate clinical decisions about a client's readiness for group psychotherapy. The GSQ has demonstrated an ability to predict which clients will experience a reduction in distress through the use of group psychotherapy. This dissertation examines the Group Selection Questionnaire's ability to measure client characteristics that predict the client's ability to benefit from receiving group psychotherapy compared to the ability to benefit from receiving another form of treatment, such as individual or a combination of individual and group psychotherapy, as measured by improved scores …
Effects Of Teaching Emotions To Students With High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders Through Picture Books,
2010
Brigham Young University - Provo
Effects Of Teaching Emotions To Students With High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders Through Picture Books, Jennifer M. Fletcher
Theses and Dissertations
Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) struggle with identifying others' emotions, which impacts their ability to successfully interact in social situations. Because of the increasing number of children identified with ASD, effective techniques are needed to help children identify emotions in others. The use of technology is being researched as a way to help children with emotion identification. However, technology is not always available for teachers to use in classrooms, whereas picture books are much easier to access and have been successfully used to improve students' social skills. Picture books are naturally used in classroom, home, and therapy settings. This …
Difference In Scores Between Teacher Certification Program Students With And Without Paraprofessional Experience,
2010
Brigham Young University - Provo
Difference In Scores Between Teacher Certification Program Students With And Without Paraprofessional Experience, Sarah Caroline Dunn
Theses and Dissertations
Demand for highly effective, qualified teachers grew as legislation such as No Child Left Behind (NCLB) and the Individuals With Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) raised the requirements for teachers and paraprofessionals. One suggestion for meeting this demand for teachers who can bring about the required classroom outcomes is to encourage paraprofessionals to become certified teachers—with the expectation that paraprofessionals' prior experience in the school environment will make them likely to excel as teachers. This study examined whether Brigham Young University Special Education teacher candidates with paraprofessional experience differed from candidates without paraprofessional experience in terms of performance scores during a …
Vowel Recognition From Continuous Articulatory Movements For Speaker-Dependent Applications,
2010
University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Vowel Recognition From Continuous Articulatory Movements For Speaker-Dependent Applications, Jun Wang, Jordan R. Green, Ashok Samal, Tom D. Carrell
Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders: Faculty Publications
A novel approach was developed to recognize vowels from continuous tongue and lip movements. Vowels were classified based on movement patterns (rather than on derived articulatory features, e.g., lip opening) using a machine learning approach. Recognition accuracy on a single-speaker dataset was 94.02% with a very short latency. Recognition accuracy was better for high vowels than for low vowels. This finding parallels previous empirical findings on tongue movements during vowels. The recognition algorithm was then used to drive an articulation-to-acoustics synthesizer. The synthesizer recognizes vowels from continuous input stream of tongue and lip movements and plays the corresponding sound samples …
Functional Communication Training To Increase Communication Skills For Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder,
2010
Clemson University
Functional Communication Training To Increase Communication Skills For Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Terri Collins
All Dissertations
The prevalence rates of children being diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) continue to rise at alarming rates. Recent figures suggest that approximately 1 in 90 children have an ASD. Children with ASD have significant deficits that affect communication skills and social interaction. Children with ASD may also engage in high levels of aberrant behavior toward others or themselves such as screaming, hitting, or biting that interfere with learning. The current study examined the effects of functional communication training on young children with ASD when implemented by a paraprofessional in a special education classroom. Data were collected on the rates …
The Perception Of Natural, Cell Phone, And Computer-Synthesized Speech During The Performance Of Simultaneous Visual-Motor Tasks,
2010
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
The Perception Of Natural, Cell Phone, And Computer-Synthesized Speech During The Performance Of Simultaneous Visual-Motor Tasks, Nirmal Kumar Srinivasan
College of Education and Human Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
This study investigated the influence of top-down and bottom-up information on speech perception in complex listening environments. Specifically, the effects of listening to different types of processed speech were examined on intelligibility and on simultaneous visual-motor performance. The goal was to extend the generalizability of results in speech perception to environments outside of the laboratory. The effect of bottom-up information was evaluated with natural, cell phone and synthetic speech. The effect of simultaneous tasks was evaluated with concurrent visual-motor and memory tasks. Earlier works on the perception of speech during simultaneous visual-motor tasks have shown inconsistent results (Choi, 2004; Strayer …
Social Relationships And Mortality Risk: A Meta-Analytic Review,
2010
Brigham Young University
Social Relationships And Mortality Risk: A Meta-Analytic Review, Timothy B. Smith, Julianne Holt-Lunstad, J. Bradley Layton
Faculty Publications
Background: The quality and quantity of individuals' social relationships has been linked not only to mental health but also to both morbidity and mortality. Objectives: This meta-analytic review was conducted to determine the extent to which social relationships influence risk for mortality, which aspects of social relationships are most highly predictive, and which factors may moderate the risk. Data Extraction: Data were extracted on several participant characteristics, including cause of mortality, initial health status, and pre-existing health conditions, as well as on study characteristics, including length of follow-up and type of assessment of social relationships. Results: Across 148 studies (308,849 …
Using Self-Regulation To Improve Academic Outcomes Of Middle School Students With Behavioral Disabilities,
2010
Rowan University
Using Self-Regulation To Improve Academic Outcomes Of Middle School Students With Behavioral Disabilities, Sandra Niblic
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this investigation was to identify and analyze the use of self-regulation techniques to improve the academic skills of language arts and mathematics for students with behavioral disabilities attending middle school. Self-regulation techniques were presented in a self-contained class during presentation of reading, writing and mathematics objectives. Students monitored their participation in class activities after signing a contract of agreement. Behaviors were monitored and assessed for preparedness for class, listening to directions, staying in assigned area and completing work assignments. Selfmanagement, self-monitoring and self-evaluation techniques were used by two subjects. Rewards were used to increase academic skills by …
Change Trajectories And Early Warning System To Identify Youth At Risk For Negative Psychotherapy Outcome,
2010
Brigham Young University - Provo
Change Trajectories And Early Warning System To Identify Youth At Risk For Negative Psychotherapy Outcome, Philip Legrand Nelson
Theses and Dissertations
The field of mental health treatment is making efforts to better serve all psychotherapy clients, but especially the 5–10% of clients who deteriorate in treatment (Lambert & Ogles, 2004) and the 30–60% who drop out prematurely (Pekarik & Stephenson, 1988). These efforts involve collaboration between research and practice. Both research and practice have been treatment focused for much of their history, primarily examining treatment efficacy or effectiveness, and never quite settling on the generalizability or applicability of specific treatments. The patient-focused research paradigm has shifted the focus from treatment outcomes on the group level to outcomes on the individual client …
Adolescents' Perceptions Of Bullying Involving Male Relational Aggression: Implications For Prevention And Intervention,
2010
Brigham Young University - Provo
Adolescents' Perceptions Of Bullying Involving Male Relational Aggression: Implications For Prevention And Intervention, Brian C. Johnson
Theses and Dissertations
Recent bullying research contradicts the stereotypes that only females use relational bullying and confirms that males use this type of bullying equally or more than females. No existing research could be found which examined differences in how each gender interprets relational bullying. Using a survey adapted from research on the rape myth and four video clips, researchers sought to examine gendered difference in the perception of relational bullying by males among adolescents. Two video clips depict scenes of cross-gender bullying and two clips depict scenes of male to male bullying. In total, 314 students in grades 8-12 participated in the …
Social Validity Of A Behavioral Support Model,
2010
Brigham Young University - Provo
Social Validity Of A Behavioral Support Model, Nancy Yanette Miramontes
Theses and Dissertations
As more schools turn to School-Wide Positive Behavior Supports (SWPBS) for help with academic and problem behaviors in their schools, the need to adequately evaluate these programs on a socially relevant level increases. The present study employs social validation measures to evaluate Utah's Academic, Behavioral & Coaching Initiative (ABC-UBI), a Positive Behavior Support (PBS) initiative, on socially relevant issues. Participants from across the state of Utah who were active consumers of ABC-UBI's program, were polled for their opinion on the acceptability of the treatment goals, procedures and outcomes of the program. The results outlined several areas of much needed improvement …
Kindergarten And First Grade Teachers' Perceptions Of Bystander Bullying: Resolution Strategies In Selected Picture Books,
2010
Brigham Young University - Provo
Kindergarten And First Grade Teachers' Perceptions Of Bystander Bullying: Resolution Strategies In Selected Picture Books, Mary Lane Newman
Theses and Dissertations
Previous research suggests that most incidents of bullying occur in school settings. However, teachers are not always aware of bullying incidences and often do not intervene. As bullying has negative long-term consequences for the bully, victim, and bystander, it is important to identify effective ways to reduce this problem. Responding to incidents of bullying at school, bibliotherapy is a cost effective way to support students and teach coping strategies. Numerous bully-themed books model a variety of strategies to deter bullying. Because of their busy schedule and limited opportunities to review books, teachers may need assistance in identifying books that promote …
Parent Perceptions Of The Effectiveness Of Interventions For Sleep Problems In Children With Autism,
2010
Brigham Young University - Provo
Parent Perceptions Of The Effectiveness Of Interventions For Sleep Problems In Children With Autism, Sarah Lynn Lemmons
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to learn what interventions have been effective in alleviating sleep problems among children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) according to parent report. This study also investigated resources from which parents received information regarding possible interventions and to what degree these resources were helpful. The participants in this study were 48 parents and caregivers of children with ASD from both the United States and Canada. Background information was attained from participants regarding themselves and their child with ASD. Participants then answered likert-type and open-ended questions regarding their child's sleep problem(s) and the resources they have …
Gender Differences And Similarities In Perceptions And Experiences Of Secondary Public School Safety,
2010
Brigham Young University - Provo
Gender Differences And Similarities In Perceptions And Experiences Of Secondary Public School Safety, Bryan K. Young
Theses and Dissertations
This study is a description of male and female secondary students' experiences of safety in public schools. Gender differences in reported victimization and perceptions of school safety have been noted. The National Center for Educational Statistics ([NCES], 2006) reported that boys were the victims of violent acts in the schools more often than girls. Many studies have reported different results relating to how safe students perceive their schools to be (Addington et al., 2002; Office of Educational Research and Improvement, 1997). This study considered gender differences and similarities in students' perceptions of school safety. The study utilized a qualitative research …
Parents' Perceptions Of Bullying Prevalence, Type, And Intervention Efforts In Utah Schools,
2010
Brigham Young University - Provo
Parents' Perceptions Of Bullying Prevalence, Type, And Intervention Efforts In Utah Schools, Brittney Roberts Warburton
Theses and Dissertations
Bullying is a pervasive and disruptive issue in the schools (Stockdale, Hanguduambo, Duys, Larson, & Sarvela, 2002). It has been shown to have serious negative consequences for students who are frequently targeted, including lower academic achievement, lower self-esteem, and more interpersonal problems in adulthood compared to their non-targeted peers (Eisenberg & Aalsma, 2005; Olweus & Limber, 1999; Rigby, 2003; Smokowski & Kopasz, 2005; Yoneyama & Rigby, 2006). However, when parents are engaged as active members of the school community, significant benefits accrue for children, educators, and parents. Such benefits include improved grades and test scores for students, greater job satisfaction …
Praise Notes: A Gender Study,
2010
Brigham Young University - Provo
Praise Notes: A Gender Study, Jennifer Berger
Theses and Dissertations
Praise has been found to be an effective promoter of positive school and classroom environments and is used commonly by school adults to promote positive behavior among students. Praise can be given using many different methods; the method studied in this research project was praise notes. As part of a school-wide Positive Behavior Support program, faculty and staff from an elementary school were encouraged to write praise notes to students, identifying targeted positive behaviors. Over a 2-year time period, 2,839 notes were collected, examined for the content of the praise, and further examined according to recipient's gender. This study of …
The Effects Of Client Therapist Racial And Ethnic Matching: A Meta Analytic Review Of Empirical Research,
2010
Brigham Young University - Provo
The Effects Of Client Therapist Racial And Ethnic Matching: A Meta Analytic Review Of Empirical Research, Raquel Cabral Bowman
Theses and Dissertations
In a widely cited 2003 report, the U.S. Surgeon General criticized mental health and social services within the United States for failing to adequately serve the needs of clients of color. The report highlighted the fact that therapists often do not adequately account for cultural variables in their evaluations or interventions. Clients of color are rarely seen by therapists who adequately understand their cultural values and backgrounds. To address this discrepancy, researchers have explored a variety of therapy process and outcome variables across clients seen by therapists of their same race vs. another race (often called "ethnic matching"). Over 200 …
