Unanticipated Stressful And Rewarding Experiences Engage The Same Prefrontal Cortex And Ventral Tegmental Area Neuronal Populations,
2020
University of Mississippi
Unanticipated Stressful And Rewarding Experiences Engage The Same Prefrontal Cortex And Ventral Tegmental Area Neuronal Populations, Alberto Del Arco, Junchol Park, Bita Moghaddam
Faculty and Student Publications
© 2020 Del Arco et al. Brain networks that mediate motivated behavior in the context of aversive and rewarding experiences involve the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and ventral tegmental area (VTA). Neurons in both regions are activated by stress and reward, and by learned cues that predict aversive or appetitive outcomes. Recent studies have proposed that separate neuronal populations and circuits in these regions encode learned aversive versus appetitive contexts. But how about the actual experience? Do the same or different PFC and VTA neurons encode unanticipated aversive and appetitive experiences? To address this, we recorded unit activity and local field …
The Effect Of Competition In The Sports Market On The Popularity Of Baseball,
2020
University of Lynchburg
The Effect Of Competition In The Sports Market On The Popularity Of Baseball, Noah Winslow
Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects
This paper will discuss why Major League Baseball (MLB) has declined in popularity in the United States since the 1998. Issues regarding the increased competition with the development of different sports leagues along with antitrust in payroll drew the most interest. Various forms of marketing, including media and competitive marketing, will be covered along with different variations of economics in the sports world. The research will follow the development of Major League Baseball through the second half of the 20th century, along with an analysis between the MLB, National Basketball Association (NBA) and National Football League (NFL) in the 21st …
The Relationship Between Locus Of Control And Athletic Performance,
2020
Bryant University
The Relationship Between Locus Of Control And Athletic Performance, Allyson Mccorison
Honors Projects in Management
The purpose of this study was to expand the conversation of locus of control through quantitative research. A hypothetical model was tested to determine if there is a significant relationship between an athlete's locus of control and their athletic performance. Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation were posited as mediators in the relationship. To test the hypothesized model, data was collected for Division 1 athletes (n=136). The data was analyzed using Preacher and Hayes (4) macro, with results indicating no significant relationship between locus of control and athletic perofrmance. Intrinsic motivation was found to be a predictor of athletic performance. Limitations, discussion, …
Contrapower Sexual Harassment In Collegiate Athletic Administration,
2020
SUNY Cortland
Contrapower Sexual Harassment In Collegiate Athletic Administration, Nikki Coutsouros
Transformations: Presentation Slides
With the current climate of the #MeToo movement on Twitter, more and more individuals are speaking out about their experiences with sexual harassment. Given the male dominant culture of college athletics, there is a need now more than ever to examine how sexual harassment is occurring within collegiate athletic organizations. This study focuses specifically on contrapower sexual harassment, a type of harassment that occurs when a superior in an organizational hierarchy experiences sexual harassment by a subordinate. An online qualitative survey was sent out via email in a nationwide population study involving all NCAA, NJCAA and NAIA college athletic leagues. …
Analyzing Competitive Balance In Professional Sport,
2020
University of Connecticut - Storrs
Analyzing Competitive Balance In Professional Sport, Kevin Alwell
Honors Scholar Theses
In this paper we review several measures to statistically analyze competitive balance and report which leagues have a wider variance of performance amongst its competitors. Each league seeks to maintain high levels of parity, making matches and overall season more unpredictable and appealing to the general audience. Here we quantify competitive advantage across major sports leagues in numbers using several statistical methods in order for leagues to optimize their revenue.
Exploring The Relationships Between Collegiate Sport Coaches’ Creative Productivity And Factors Of Creative Potential,
2020
East Tennessee State University
Exploring The Relationships Between Collegiate Sport Coaches’ Creative Productivity And Factors Of Creative Potential, Sean Flanders
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Sport coaches are perceived as problem solvers who engage in creativity to handle the spontaneity of competitive activity and generate winning results. However, while creativity in athletes has been researched, little has been investigated regarding coaches. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine different aspects of creativity – person, process, press, and product – among collegiate team sport coaches in the United States. Specifically, how personality traits, ideational fluency, remote association ability, years of coaching experience, and work climate related to creative product impact and frequency. A modified creativity personality test was found to be positively …
Golf Director Competencies, Human Resource Management Practices And Customer Retention Within The Malaysian Golf Clubs,
2020
Universiti Malaya
Golf Director Competencies, Human Resource Management Practices And Customer Retention Within The Malaysian Golf Clubs, Partanian Samira
Student Works (2020-2029)
Golf is a popular sport worldwide. Many studies have described management competencies in several sport contexts and have revealed that human resource is the most common denominator for successful sports club practice. However, little work has been done to identify and explain contemporary Human Resource Management (HRM) practices of staff, including directors of golf clubs related to member retention. The purpose of this study was to examine the current level and the participants' quality perceptions in the relationship among competencies of directors, HRM practices of staff, and member retention within the Malaysian Golf Clubs to advance the causal relationships among …
"It's Personal": A Case Study Analysis Of The Strategic Management Of Resources In A Historically Black University Athletic Department.,
2020
University of Louisville
"It's Personal": A Case Study Analysis Of The Strategic Management Of Resources In A Historically Black University Athletic Department., Brigitte M. Burpo
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation is a qualitative case study examination of the strategic management of critical resources in an HBCU athletic program. It begins with a historical overview of HBCUs and HBCU athletic departments focusing on the systemic and societal influences that contributed to the current state of HBCU athletic programs. This dissertation later discusses the influence of a lack of financial resources on HBCU athletic departments further depletes the ability to operate with a competitive advantage. Chapter One focuses on the historic background of HBCUs and their formation as well as the societal influences that depleted critical resources. Chapter Two covers …
An Empirical Analysis On Major League Soccer Player Earnings,
2020
University of Northern Iowa
An Empirical Analysis On Major League Soccer Player Earnings, Aaron Michael Anderson Iehl
Honors Program Theses
Application of economic and statistical techniques to the sports world has been on the rise for some time. The major sports in the United States (football, basketball, baseball, and hockey) have been thoroughly studied. However, professional soccer in the United States has emerged as a strong sports market in the last 20 years. This paper applies a statistical technique used by Lucifora and Simmons (2003) on an Italian professional soccer league to examine determinants of professional soccer player wages and assess the overall value added. The model is applied to Major League Soccer to determine how the different league structure …
Satisfaction Of High-Level Athlete Management In Universities In Sichuan Province, China,
2020
Universiti Malaya
Satisfaction Of High-Level Athlete Management In Universities In Sichuan Province, China, Yudong Tang
Student Works (2020-2029)
With ongoing development in the construction of high-level sports teams in Chinese universities, the Chinese Ministry of Education is paying more and more attention to the running quality of high-level sports teams in universities. Evaluation of the construction quality of high-level sports teams in universities has received extensive attention from universities and society. However, for various reasons, the main body of high-level sports team evaluation comprises government agencies and universities, and, there is a lack of research on management systems of high-level athletes from the perspective of high-level athletes themselves. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to …
Payroll Disparity Among Major League Baseball Teams: Building A Competitive Team Despite Limited Resources,
2020
Liberty University
Payroll Disparity Among Major League Baseball Teams: Building A Competitive Team Despite Limited Resources, Sarah Holtschneider
Senior Honors Theses
There has been an inequality in payroll among Major League Baseball teams for many years that became increasingly evident in the late 1990s. Revenue disparities among teams cause a competitive imbalance for the league and make it harder for small-market teams to compete with large-market teams with much higher payrolls. MLB has attempted to alleviate this disparity, but the implementation of revenue sharing and the competitive balance tax alone is not enough for small-market clubs to build a competitive team. There are a number of ways that small-market clubs can build a competitive team despite limited resources, including employing the …
Training Evaluation For Introductory Ocean Lifeguard Instruction: A Practical Example From California,
2020
University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; California State Parks, Sacramento, California, USA
Training Evaluation For Introductory Ocean Lifeguard Instruction: A Practical Example From California, William A. Koon, Ryan M. Gates, Jack Futoran
International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education
Ocean lifeguards have several responsibilities that require precise training. California State Parks is one of the largest providers of open water lifeguard services in the United States, and trains approximately 200 new lifeguards per year. As part of our lifeguard training section’s quality improvement efforts, we conducted a training needs assessment to help determine how well our introductory ocean lifeguard training curriculum prepared lifeguards to perform job related tasks upon successful completion of the training program. We surveyed both first year and seasoned lead lifeguards on operational needs, training gaps, and specific subject areas. We identified several areas where our …
Citizen Engagement In Aquatics Equity: The Case Of Winston Waterworks,
2020
University of Tennessee-Knoxville
Citizen Engagement In Aquatics Equity: The Case Of Winston Waterworks, Steven N. Waller Phd, James H. Bemiller Jd, Emliy J. Johnson, Chermaine D. Cole, Jason Scott Phd, Angela Wozencroft, Phd
International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education
Historically, swimming pools have been a source of inequity when it comes to the distribution of recreation services in the United States. Many of the problems that correlate with the inequitable allocation of recreation resources including public swimming pools began with ideas about race, geography, poor planning practices and faulty policymaking (Rothstein, 2017). Moreover, one of the primary outcomes of engaged, inclusive planning is equity in the provision of recreation programs and facilities. In this essay, we offer a summary of key legal cases that help address questions related resource allocation related to public swimming pools. Finally, we present a …
Lgbtq Training For Aquatic Employees: Impact On Attitudes And Professional Competencies,
2020
University of Southern Indiana
Lgbtq Training For Aquatic Employees: Impact On Attitudes And Professional Competencies, Austin R. Anderson, Eric Knee, William D. Ramos
International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education
This study examined the impact of a LGBTQ diversity training on the attitudes and professional competencies of aquatic employees within a campus recreational sports setting. While diversity training is often discussed as a key component of inclusive aquatic programming, little empirical research examining the outcomes associated with such trainings exists. As such, members of the research team developed, implemented, and evaluated a four-month long training program consisting of one in-person training session and monthly inclusion handouts discussing issues related to the inclusion of LGBTQ participants. A comparative quantitative research design was used to measure employee’s attitudes towards the LGBTQ population …
A Comprehensive Analysis Of Aquatic Programming At Historically Black Colleges And Universities (Hbcus),
2020
Indiana University - Bloomington
A Comprehensive Analysis Of Aquatic Programming At Historically Black Colleges And Universities (Hbcus), Tiffany Monique Quash, Knolan C. Rawlins, Shaun M. Anderson
International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education
This article provides a comprehensive examination of aquatic programming at Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs). HBCUs consist of public, private, 2-year, and 4-year institutions (U.S. Department of Education, 2018). Historically, HBCUs provided descendants of the enslaved access to higher education opportunities (Brown, Donahoo, & Bertrand, 2001). HBCUs now serve a more diverse community and the core focus remains on inclusion, social justice, diversity, empowerment, leadership, and cultural competence (Kennedy, 2012; Rawlins, 2018). Consequently, HBCUs may provide an ideal environment to address aquatic activity and the drowning disparity in the African American community. In the current study, researchers sent a …
Correlation Between Cognition And Balance Among Middle-Aged And Older Adults Observed Through A Tai Chi Intervention Program,
2020
Shenzhen University
Correlation Between Cognition And Balance Among Middle-Aged And Older Adults Observed Through A Tai Chi Intervention Program, Tao Xiao, Lin Yang, Lee Smith, Paul D. Loprinzi, Nicola Veronese, Jie Yao, Zonghao Zhang, Jane Jie Yu
Faculty and Student Publications
© Copyright © 2020 Xiao, Yang, Smith, Loprinzi, Veronese, Yao, Zhang and Yu. Background: Age-associated decline in cognition and balance may cause severe ability loss for daily living activities among middle-aged and older adults. The relationship between cognition and balance in this aging population remains to be explored. Objective: The present study Is exploratory in nature and aimed to examine the relationship between balance (both static and dynamic components) and global cognitive function among middle-aged and older adults through Tai Chi (TC) practice as a research avenue. Methods: A short-term (12 weeks) intervention of TC was conducted among middle-aged and …
A Comparison Of Motor Unit Control Strategies Between Two Different Isometric Tasks,
2020
University of Mississippi
A Comparison Of Motor Unit Control Strategies Between Two Different Isometric Tasks, Sunggun Jeon, William M. Miller, Xin Ye
Faculty and Student Publications
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Background: This study examined the motor unit (MU) control strategies for non-fatiguing isometric elbow flexion tasks at 40% and 70% maximal voluntary isometric contraction. Methods: Nineteen healthy individuals performed two submaximal tasks with similar torque levels: contracting against an immovable object (force task), and maintaining the elbow joint angle against an external load (position task). Surface electromyographic (EMG) signals were collected from the agonist and antagonist muscles. The signals from the agonist were decomposed into individual action potential trains. The linear regression analysis was used to examine the MU recruitment threshold …
Temporal Trends In The Association Between Participation In Physical Education And Physical Activity Among U.S. High School Students, 2011-2017,
2020
University of Mississippi
Temporal Trends In The Association Between Participation In Physical Education And Physical Activity Among U.S. High School Students, 2011-2017, Seungho Ryu, Paul Loprinzi, Heontae Kim, Minsoo Kang
Faculty and Student Publications
© 2020 by the author. The purpose of this study was to assess trends in physical education and physical activity among U.S. high school students from 2011 to 2017, respectively, and to evaluate temporal trends in the relationship between physical education class participation and physical activity levels. Data from a total of 51,616 high school students who participated in the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) from 2011 to 2017 were analyzed for this study. Physical education was measured as follows: In an average week when you are in school, on how many days do you go to physical education …
Hosting The Fifa World Cup: An Economic Analysis Of How The World Cup Has Impacted The Economy Of A Developed And A Developing Nation,
2020
University of Lynchburg
Hosting The Fifa World Cup: An Economic Analysis Of How The World Cup Has Impacted The Economy Of A Developed And A Developing Nation, Juan Borga
Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects
This thesis is a microeconomic study of the economic impact hosting the FIFA World Cup can have on both a developed and developing nation. I will examine the economies of Germany and Brazil, three years prior and three years after hosting the tournament in 2006 and 2014 respectively. The pressures imposed by the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) require significant monetary investments for the World Cup to be considered successful, but have countries been allocating their resources effectively? The purpose of this thesis is to determine the extent to which it is economically advantageous for a nation to host …
The Natural Environmental Factors Influencing The Spatial Distribution Of Marathon Event: A Case Study From China,
2020
Shenzhen University
The Natural Environmental Factors Influencing The Spatial Distribution Of Marathon Event: A Case Study From China, Zhanbing Ren, Yifan Zuo, Yudan Ma, Mu Zhang, Lee Smith, Lin Yang, Paul D. Loprinzi, Qian Yu, Liye Zou
Faculty and Student Publications
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of natural environmental factors on the spatial distribution of marathon events in China, and to identify the suitable natural environmental factors for the marathon events. Methods: Geographic information system (GIS) spatial analysis tools were used to perform coupling analysis, e.g. overlap, neighborhood, intersection and buffer for terrain, climate, air quality, mountains and water resources with 342 marathon events held in China in 2018. Results: The results indicate that the spatial distribution of marathon events in China is negatively correlated with …
