Assessing Egypt’S Readiness To Introduce Program And Performance-Based Budgeting, 2025 American University in Cairo
Assessing Egypt’S Readiness To Introduce Program And Performance-Based Budgeting, Eman Negm
Theses and Dissertations
Program and performance-based budgeting is one of the recent and most controversial developments in the Egyptian budgetary system. As a results-based budgeting methodology, it can potentially support the government's endeavors to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of public expenditures and improve the overall levels of transparency and accountability. As per the new Unified Finance Law, Egypt is preparing for the full implementation of the program and performance budgeting reform to start in FY 2027-2028. The main objective of this study is to assess the readiness of Egypt to introduce program and performance-based budgeting based on six main assessment pillars which …
Institutional Fit And Policy Design In Water Governance: Nebraska's Natural Resources Districts, 2024 Syracuse University
Institutional Fit And Policy Design In Water Governance: Nebraska's Natural Resources Districts, Tomás Olivier, Sechindra Vallury
Center for Policy Design and Governance
This brief provides a summary of "Institutional fit and policy design in water governance: Nebraska's Natural Resources Districts," co-authored by Tomás Olivier and Sechindra Vallury in the journal Policy Studies Journal.
Book Reviews, 2024 US Army War College
Book Reviews, Usawc Press
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
No abstract provided.
From The Acting Editor In Chief, 2024 US Army War College
From The Acting Editor In Chief, C. Anthony Pfaff
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
Welcome to the Autumn 2024 issue of Parameters. The Autumn issue consists of a special piece from the US Army War College Commandant and Provost on their strategic vision for the college, three In Focus special commentaries, three forums (Cooperative Partnerships, Professional Development, and Historical Studies), two regular forums (A Major’s Perspective and the Civil-Military Relations Corner), and a review essay focused on strategy in India.
Parameters Autumn 2024, 2024 US Army War College
Parameters Autumn 2024, Usawc Press
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
Welcome to the Autumn 2024 issue of Parameters. The Autumn issue consists of a special piece from the US Army War College Commandant and Provost on their strategic vision for the college, three In Focus special commentaries, three forums (Cooperative Partnerships, Professional Development, and Historical Studies), two regular forums (A Major’s Perspective and the Civil-Military Relations Corner), and a review essay focused on strategy in India.
Exploring Strategy In India, 2024 US Army War College
Exploring Strategy In India, Vinay Kaura
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
This review essay discusses Rajesh Basrur's Subcontinental Drift: Domestic Politics and India’s Foreign Policy and Feroz Hassan Khan's Subcontinent Adrift: Strategic Futures of South Asia and explores Indian strategy, especially concerning domestic issues and the relationship between Pakistan and India. The review concludes by noting that the two books agree on the oversized role of the Pakistani military in India’s national politics, where most security and foreign policy decisions are directed toward Pakistan.
Eisenhower As Supreme Allied Commander: A Reappraisal, 2024 US Army War College
Eisenhower As Supreme Allied Commander: A Reappraisal, Richard D. Hooker Jr.
The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters
This article argues that the historical assessment of Dwight D. Eisenhower as Supreme Allied Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force in World War II lacks objectivity and balance. It identifies several strategic errors and missteps attributable to Eisenhower, which resulted in severe casualties and prolonged the war in Europe. The conclusions can help US military practitioners and policymakers assess the background and qualities required for successful theater command during wartime and senior commanders’ performances.
The Security Dilemma And Arms Race Dynamics In Europe’S Response To The Russia-Ukraine Conflict, 2024 Fudan University
The Security Dilemma And Arms Race Dynamics In Europe’S Response To The Russia-Ukraine Conflict, Brice Tseen Fu Lee, Filip Komšić, Juan Pablo Sims
Journal of Strategic and Global Studies
This paper examines the escalation of military expenditures in Europe in response to the ongoing Russia-Ukraine conflict, through the lens of the security dilemma. The security dilemma, a fundamental concept in international relations, describes how the defensive actions of one state can provoke perceptions of threat among others, potentially leading to an arms race. By analyzing military spending data from 2019 to 2023 for key European countries including Estonia, Latvia, Poland, Azerbaijan, Russia, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom, both in absolute terms and as a percentage of GDP, this study highlights how nations closest to the conflict, …
Lessons Learned: Guillermo Ortiz Martínez, 2024 Yale University
Lessons Learned: Guillermo Ortiz Martínez, Mercedes Cardona
Journal of Financial Crises
Guillermo Ortiz Martínez served as undersecretary of finance and public credit in Mexico’s federal government from 1988 to 1994. He became secretary in December 1994 in the administration of Ernesto Zedillo and served until December 1997. As undersecretary, he was president of the bank privatization committee and the chief negotiator for Mexico during the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) negotiations in 1991 to 1993. He was governor of the Bank of Mexico from January 1998 to December 2009 and is currently partner and member of the board of BTG Pactual, a Brazilian investment bank. This Lesson Learned summary is …
Lessons Learned: Daniela Klingebiel, 2024 Yale University
Lessons Learned: Daniela Klingebiel, Yasemin Sim Esmen
Journal of Financial Crises
Daniela Klingebiel was principal portfolio manager with the World Bank’s Pension and Endowment Department, Hedge Funds, during the Global Financial Crisis. Throughout her career, she has written many papers on financial crises, comparing various governments’ attempts to manage them and dissecting what has worked and why. This Lessons Learned summary is based on an interview with Klingebiel held on February 4 and March 3, 2021.
Lessons Learned: Paul Boothe, 2024 Yale University
Lessons Learned: Paul Boothe, Mary Anne Chute Lynch
Journal of Financial Crises
Paul Boothe served as Canada’s senior associate deputy minister of industry during the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) of 2007–2009. Boothe led the Canadian federal government’s negotiation team during the restructuring talks with Chrysler and General Motors (GM). He also negotiated with the Canadian Auto Workers (CAW), a union that included Tier 1 auto parts suppliers for all the major auto manufacturers worldwide. Canada aligned with the United States government to rescue the auto manufacturers and provided 20% of the funding to rescue the corporations and suppliers. From 2004 to 2005, Boothe served as the associate deputy minister of finance and …
Lessons Learned: Bo Lundgren, 2024 Yale University
Lessons Learned: Bo Lundgren, Maryann Haggerty
Journal of Financial Crises
Bo Lundgren was Sweden’s cabinet minister for fiscal and financial affairs from 1991 to 1994, making him a key leader in managing the nation’s severe financial crisis during those years. Lundgren had a decades-long political career as a member of the Swedish Parliament from 1975 to 2004, was leader of the Moderate Party (1999–2003), and vice president of the European People’s Party in the European Union. He also served from 2004 to 2013 as director general of the Swedish National Debt Office, the country’s central financial agency. Drawing on his experiences in the Swedish crisis, Lundgren has shared his views …
Lessons For The Discount Window From The March 2023 Bank Failures, 2024 Yale Program on Financial Stability, Yale School of Management
Lessons For The Discount Window From The March 2023 Bank Failures, Susan Mclaughlin
Journal of Financial Crises
The speed of the bank runs that occurred in the United States in March 2023 took most by surprise. The ensuing policy debate about reform has focused very little on the role of the Federal Reserve’s discount window and how it could be made more fit for purpose in mitigating risks to financial stability emanating from the banking system. Making the discount window a more effective financial stability tool will require actions both to reduce the stigma associated with borrowing and improve the operational agility and readiness of the Fed as lender and banks as borrowers. A number of frictions …
India: Yes Bank Restructuring, 2020, 2024 Yale Program on Financial Stability, Yale School of Management
India: Yes Bank Restructuring, 2020, Salil Gupta
Journal of Financial Crises
Yes Bank was suffering from liquidity outflows in the second half of 2019 owing to a combination of deposit withdrawals, invocation of pledged shares, losses from extraordinary credit provisions, and overexposure to stressed sectors like power and infrastructure. In December 2019, Yes Bank reported a Common Equity Tier 1 capital ratio at 0.6%, far below the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) mandated levels, and a quarterly loss of 185 billion Indian rupees (INR; USD 2.5 billion). In early March 2020, the RBI and the Ministry of Finance announced a restructuring plan for India’s fourth-largest private bank, Yes Bank, to prevent …
Fhlb Dividends: Low-Hanging Fruit For Reconfiguring Fhlb Lending, 2024 Yale Program on Financial Stability, Yale School of Management
Fhlb Dividends: Low-Hanging Fruit For Reconfiguring Fhlb Lending, Steven Kelly, Susan Mclaughlin, Andrew Metrick
Journal of Financial Crises
In the United States, the lender-of-last-resort tool is the Federal Reserve’s discount window. Despite countervailing policy efforts, substantial market stigma remains associated with borrowing from the discount window. It is in this context that market participants have come to view the Federal Home Loan Banks (FHLBs) as an alternative to the Fed’s discount window for backstop liquidity needs—despite the FHLBs’ relatively constrained abilities to play this role. Notably, however, the FHLBs don’t just benefit from discount window stigma; the FHLBs reinforce discount window stigma with their subsidized pricing. The FHLBs are government-sponsored enterprises—and as such can fund themselves at government …
Two Houses Divided? The Parallel Histories Of The Casa De Contratación And The Casa Da Índia, 1500-1580, 2024 Middlebury College
Two Houses Divided? The Parallel Histories Of The Casa De Contratación And The Casa Da Índia, 1500-1580, Gustavo L. Romero
Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal
This paper seeks to investigate the histories of the Spanish Casa de Contratación and the Portuguese Casa da Índia in relation to one another, identifying possible ways in which each drew inspiration, or imitated the other during the period from 1500 to 1580. Though there is existing research into the individual Casas, comparative approaches have generally been avoided. This work synthesizes the literature and tracks interactions or trends between the Iberian empires from both an institutional and interpersonal perspective. Through analysis of bureaucratic charters, letters, and other documents, it outlines the time periods, possible reasons, and results of this …
Evaluating Use Of Evidence In U.S. State Governments: A Conjoint Analysis, 2024 Seattle University
Evaluating Use Of Evidence In U.S. State Governments: A Conjoint Analysis, Chengxin Xu, Yuan (Daniel) Cheng, Shuping Wang, Weston Merrick, Patrick Carter
Center for Policy Design and Governance
This brief provides a summary of "Evaluating Use of Evidence in U.S. State Governments: A Conjoint Analysis," co-authored by Chengxin Xu, Yuan (Daniel) Cheng, Shuping Wang, Weston Merrick, and Patrick Carter in SSRN.
The New China Model: Combating Economic And Political Order, 2024 Dartmouth College
The New China Model: Combating Economic And Political Order, Jack R. Swords
Dartmouth College Master’s Theses
Contemporary world politics centers around the actions of the two largest powers on Earth, the United States and China. They are both each other’s greatest adversary yet at the same time are each other’s largest trading partners. This thesis explores the nature of China’s economic climate that has seen it grow to one of the world’s foremost powers. However, the East Asian Nation faces economic challenges centered around the three D’s: Debt, Deflation, and Demographics. This thesis analyses what the nature of these challenges are and how China is responding to them within the ever-advancing world of economic and political …
New Technologies In Wars, Old And New, 2024 Harris Manchester College, University of Oxford
New Technologies In Wars, Old And New, John, Lord Alderdice
New England Journal of Public Policy
Wars are often marked by technological advances and while the front line in the confrontation in the Russia-Ukraine War is between the two countries concerned, many other countries are also involved in bringing a range of weapons to bear. Some, such as drones and satellite communications, are not entirely new, but are playing a greater role than before. They are also being combined with more definitively new technologies such as artificial intelligence. However, the older ways of warfare are still center stage. Not only has there been a return of war in Europe between major powers, but even the trench …
The Psychological Risks Of War Between The United States And China, 2024 Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne
The Psychological Risks Of War Between The United States And China, Eugen Koh
New England Journal of Public Policy
The relationship between the United States and China has deteriorated over the past two decades and fears of escalating risks of war are regularly reported in global media. This article explores the psychological factors that contribute to the two superpowers shifting from a collaborative relationship to a competitive relationship, seeing each other as enemies, feeling increasingly threatened by each other, failing to consider the heightened sensitivities that arise from their respective traumatic pasts, triggering the collapse of thinking and unleashing of uncontainable emotionality, escalating accidents to conflict, and escalating conflict to war. It highlights the dangers of ignoring heightened trauma-related …