Psychographic Segmentation Of The Self-Employed: An Exploratory Study,
2010
Kenney College
Psychographic Segmentation Of The Self-Employed: An Exploratory Study, Matthew G. Kenney, Art Weinstein
New England Journal of Entrepreneurship
Although it is well established in the academic literature that entrepreneurs share common traits, there has been limited research dedicated to evaluating psychographic profiles of the self-employed. Using the Nominal Group Technique, the authors gleaned insight from a panel of experts in an effort to segment the self-employed based on personality traits and the benefits they receive from an entrepreneurial career. The findings show that self-employed individuals can be classified into four distinct segments: Exemplars, Generals, Moms and Dads, and Altruists. Each group derives different benefits from self-employment. Understanding these benefits can greatly assist entrepreneurship educators and marketers of small …
American And Chinese Personality Traits And Task Load In Simulated Flight Crews: Individual And Team Level Effects,
2010
Old Dominion University
American And Chinese Personality Traits And Task Load In Simulated Flight Crews: Individual And Team Level Effects, Matthew Edward Loesch
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
Understanding the impact of pilot interpersonal dynamics may be crucial for flight team success as well as the prevention of air crash disasters. Achieving optimum performance from flight teams requires limiting unnecessary pilot task load. This study examined American and Chinese simulated flight crews. Factors believed to affect cockpit interpersonal dynamics and subsequent crew task loads were pilot personality and nationality. Pilot personality, team personality elevation, team personality variability, and team nationality were analyzed for their potential impact on task load perceptions. Twenty-four American, 23 Chinese, and 23 mixed nationality two person teams were created and used for comparisons. Increasing …
Coping With Work-Life Conflict: Antecedents To Seeking Policy-Based And Individually Negotiated Accommodations,
2010
Old Dominion University
Coping With Work-Life Conflict: Antecedents To Seeking Policy-Based And Individually Negotiated Accommodations, Heather M. Lauzun
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
Research concerning coping with work-life conflict has been limited (Eby et al., 2005). This thesis suggests that employees can cope by seeking a work-life accommodation. Contextual and individual antecedents of seeking policy-based and individually negotiated accommodations are explored. Hypothetical accommodations and actual accommodations sought were assessed as outcomes. A sample of 148 working adults from a variety of organizations was surveyed online. As hypothesized, for the hypothetical outcome, family supportive organizational perceptions, family supportive supervisor perceptions, and human capital significantly predicted seeking individually negotiated accommodations. Furthermore, as hypothesized, both family supportive organizational perceptions and family supportive supervisor perceptions had significantly …
Assessing Interventions For Reducing Gender-Based Occupational Stereotypes : A Multi-Method Study Comparing The Implicit Association Test To Indirect And Explicit Measures Of Stereotypes, And An Examination Of Sex Roles And Entity Versus Incremental Lay Theories Of Social Perception,
2010
University at Albany, State University of New York
Assessing Interventions For Reducing Gender-Based Occupational Stereotypes : A Multi-Method Study Comparing The Implicit Association Test To Indirect And Explicit Measures Of Stereotypes, And An Examination Of Sex Roles And Entity Versus Incremental Lay Theories Of Social Perception, Carolyn C. Matheus
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Certain occupations are often stereotyped as feminine (e.g., elementary school teacher) while others are stereotyped as masculine (e.g., engineer) (White, Kruczek, Brown, & White, 1989; White & White, 2006). This study proposed using multiple methods to assess stereotypical judgments about the masculinity and femininity of five occupations: engineer, law enforcement officer, accountant, fashion designer, and elementary school teacher. Implicit, indirect, and explicit assessments were used to measure gender based stereotypes of occupations to examine similarities or differences between the different methods. Implicit assessments involve measuring automatic evaluations to stimuli, while indirect assessments involve gender ratings of attributes associated with occupations. …
Coworker Informal Accommodations As A Solution To Work Interfering With Family And Family Interfering With Work In Team-Based Jo,
2010
University of Central Florida
Coworker Informal Accommodations As A Solution To Work Interfering With Family And Family Interfering With Work In Team-Based Jo, Miliani Jimenez
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The current study builds on prior research that has identified informal work accommodations to family as a valuable means for balancing competing work and family responsibilities. As organizations increasingly capitalize on team-based work designs, it is important to consider the informal ways in which interdependent coworkers constructively assist one another in the management of work interfering with family (WIF) and family interfering with work (FIW). The intent of this thesis is to develop a better understanding of the effects of the coping mechanisms employees in team-based jobs utilize to reduce work interfering with family. Thus, this thesis examined (a) the …
Development And Validation Of The Cross-Cultural Competence Inventory,
2010
University of Central Florida
Development And Validation Of The Cross-Cultural Competence Inventory, Carol Ann Thornson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Understanding the factors responsible for successful interactions between cultures has been an ongoing investigation among anthropologists, social workers, and organizational psychologists. The need for employees who are able to function effectively across cultures has resulted in a great deal of research examining which factors enable expatriate effectiveness. Despite the necessity of a workforce that is able to function across cultures in today’s global economy, an even greater case can be made for cross-cultural competence (3C) in the U.S. military. The potential for loss of life and international-level consequences is high if our military forces are not adequately prepared. This is …
The Effects Of Ethnic Diversity, Perceived Similarity, And Trust On Collaborative Behavior And Performance,
2010
University of Central Florida
The Effects Of Ethnic Diversity, Perceived Similarity, And Trust On Collaborative Behavior And Performance, Jessica Wildman
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Recent issues such as global economic crises, terrorism, and conservation efforts are making international collaboration a critical topic. While cultural diversity often brings with it new perspectives and innovative solutions, diversity in collaborative settings can also lead to misunderstandings and interaction problems. Therefore, there is a pressing need to understand the processes and influences of intercultural collaboration and how to manage the collaborative process to result in the most effective outcomes possible. In order to address this need, the current study examines the effect of ethnic diversity, perceived deep-level similarity, trust, and distrust on collaborative behavior and performance in decision-making …
Preventing Security Breaches In Business,
2010
Sacred Heart University
Preventing Security Breaches In Business, Pearl Jacobs, Linda Schain
Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
Technological advancements are constantly changing the world we live in. These advancements are not only changing how we work but also the security of our workplace. High level white collar crime is rapidly becoming a fact of corporate life. Businesses want to avoid becoming victims of these white collar criminals so they attempt to institute controls on all aspects of their operations. These controls are far from 100% effective. Businesses need to take a different approach to the prevention of white collar crime. Perhaps more effective prevention programs can be developed by exploring the various theories of crime causation and …
Training Transfer And Transfer Motivation : The Influence Of Individual, Environmental, Situational, Traning Design And Affective Reaction Factors.,
2010
Universiti Malaya
Training Transfer And Transfer Motivation : The Influence Of Individual, Environmental, Situational, Traning Design And Affective Reaction Factors., Muhammad Awais Bhatti
Student Works (2010-2019)
Human resource development professionals have been investing several resources to provide necessary skills, knowledge and abilities to their employees in order to get competitive advantage in the global market and to achieve organizational goals. To provide these necessary skills, knowledge and abilities, organizations have been investing millions of dollars in formal training programs. The main objective of these training programs is to align the employee‟s expertise with organizational goals. The organizations can only achieve their desired objectives when employees transfer the learned skills at workplace. But unfortunately, employees transfer a small percentage of learned skills at workplace. To effectively manage …
Identifying Factors That Enhance Or Hinder The Utilization Of Strengths By Healthcare Managers,
2010
Andrews University
Identifying Factors That Enhance Or Hinder The Utilization Of Strengths By Healthcare Managers, Gene C. Milton
Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to examine perceptions of strengths-use at Hackettstown Regional Medical Center (HRMC), and common factors and conditions that enhanced and hindered strengths-utilization among middle managers at HRMC, a 111-bed acute care facility in Hackettstown, New Jersey. The study identified factors and conditions that can be expanded and improved upon to promote strengths-use at HRMC in the future. The population for this explorative study was selected from approximately 200 full-time executives, managers, and staff at HRMC who took the StrengthsFinder Profile from January 2007 through June 2009. The vehicle used for data collection was 5 focus …
An Experimental Study Of The Impact Of Psychological Capital On Performance, Engagement, And The Contagion Effect,
2010
University of Nebraska - Lincoln
An Experimental Study Of The Impact Of Psychological Capital On Performance, Engagement, And The Contagion Effect, Timothy Daniel Hodges
College of Business: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Psychological Capital, or PsyCap, is a core construct consisting of the positive psychological resources of efficacy, hope, optimism, and resilience. Previous research has consistently linked PsyCap to workplace outcomes including employee attitudes, behaviors, and performance. Further research has explored the ways in which PsyCap can be developed through relatively brief workplace interventions. The present study focuses on PsyCap development and the relationship to employee engagement and performance. In an experimental design with random assignment of subjects to control group (n = 52 managers and 152 associates) and treatment group (n = 58 managers and 239 employees), a field sample of …
Reflecting On Experience For Leadership Development,
2010
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Reflecting On Experience For Leadership Development, Adrian Chan
College of Business: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
This study proposes that being reflective or ruminative about one's leadership experience can have differential effects on one's leadership efficacy, implicit leadership theories and psychological capital. Specifically, through the aid of an event history calendar, conscript military trainees of high and low military experience from a SE Asian military organization were randomly assigned to recall and reflect or ruminate on his past leadership experience. Results show that type of reflection interacts with level of military leadership experience to differentially affect one's leadership efficacy, implicit leadership theories and leadership self-awareness. Reflection triggers produced significantly higher levels of implicit leadership theories under …
Do Applicants And Incumbents Respond To Personality Items Similarly? A Comparison Using An Ideal Point Response Model,
2010
Wright State University
Do Applicants And Incumbents Respond To Personality Items Similarly? A Comparison Using An Ideal Point Response Model, Erin L. O'Brien
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
This study examined the extent to which applicants and incumbents use different response processes when responding to personality items. It was hypothesized that applicants' responses to personality items will be more similar to a dominance response model and that incumbents' responses will be more similar to an ideal point response model. I used item response theory to estimate sample data from applicants (N = 1509) and incumbents (N = 1568) who completed the Sixteen Personality Questionnaire Select. Differential item (DIF) and test functioning (DTF) analyses were conducted using the generalized graded unfolding model (GGUM), which is based on ideal point …
Predicting Sales Performance: Considering Nonlinear Relationships Between Gma, Performance, And Effectiveness,
2010
Wright State University
Predicting Sales Performance: Considering Nonlinear Relationships Between Gma, Performance, And Effectiveness, Jason D. Culbertson
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
Measuring Conscientiousness with Explicit and Implicit Measures Although the literature has a wealth of research predicting salesperson performance, the literature is unclear. Even meta-analytic research (Barrick et al., 2001; Schmidt & Hunter, 1998; Vinchur et al. 1998) appears inconsistent. The main goal of this study was to determine if the relationships were of a nonlinear nature and leading to confusion. This study found that the relationships between sales performance depended on the type of criteria (supervisor ratings or performance versus sales revenue or effectiveness) and the type of relationship examined (linear or nonlinear). This study was successful in demonstrating a …
The Effects Of Mood And Dispositional Affectivity On Self-Reported Job Satisfaction,
2010
Wright State University
The Effects Of Mood And Dispositional Affectivity On Self-Reported Job Satisfaction, Cristina D. Kirkendall
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
Job satisfaction has several antecedents, including situational factors (e.g., pay, job characteristics), personality factors (e.g., positive and negative affectivity), and social interactions at work. Job satisfaction is most often measured with self-report surveys which may not effectively capture unconscious attitudes or context effects such as mood. Mood at time of survey completion has been shown to have an effect on self-reported satisfaction measures. This study uses animal-related video clips as a mood induction and examines the effect of induced mood and personality factors on self-report measures of job satisfaction.
Measuring Conscientiousness With Explicit And Implicit Measures,
2010
Wright State University
Measuring Conscientiousness With Explicit And Implicit Measures, Jenna Noelle Filipkowski
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
The fakability of three measures of conscientiousness was examined: the International personality Item Pool (IPIP), the Conditional Reasoning Test, and Implicit Association Tests (IAT). Data from a student sample (N = 442) found the Conditional Reasoning and IATs were the least susceptible to faking, but they did not have a meaningful relationship with the IPIP. The Conditional Reasoning Test was the best non-cognitive predictor of College GPA (r = .23, p < .01), perhaps due to the fact it may tap cognitive ability as evidenced by its significant correlation with the ACT (r = .41, p < .01). The explicit (self- report) and implicit (IAT) measures of conscientiousness had a low positive correlation with one another. Some researchers may use this finding as evidence that they are measuring different aspects of the construct.
Team Coordination As A Mediator Of Stress Appraisals And Team Performance,
2010
Wright State University
Team Coordination As A Mediator Of Stress Appraisals And Team Performance, Gaea Megan Payton
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Threat stress appraisals can negatively affect individuals by decreasing performance (Gildea, Schneider, & Shebilske, 2007). Performance is also influenced by a team's ability to coordinate tasks (Entin & Serfaty, 1999). This study investigated the link between team stressor appraisals, coordination, and performance. Using a simulated team environment, teams were evaluated on their perceived stress appraisals, coordination as indicated through instant messaging, and team performance. Findings showed that team stressor appraisals were marginally related to coordination and significantly related to performance. Coordination was related to team performance. Further research should be performed using varied levels of a stressful scenario to evaluate …
The Effect Of Expertise And Cognitive Demand On Temporal Awareness In Real-Time Scheduling,
2010
Wright State University
The Effect Of Expertise And Cognitive Demand On Temporal Awareness In Real-Time Scheduling, James Samuel Garrett
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The following study examines the relationship between amount of information, performance, expertise, and temporal awareness during a high fidelity military battle command simulation. The current study provides an in situ example of temporal estimation which is lacking in the current body of research. Twenty Ohio National Guardsmen of varying expertise played the role of battle commander during the simulation. Novice behavior differed from experts. Novice indications of temporal awareness did not vary with contextual change. However, they provided non-detailed temporal utterances and a relationship between temporal awareness and performance. This pattern suggests that they were overwhelmed by the amount of …
Influence Of Edge Rate, Global Optical Flow Rate, Angle, And Expansion Rate On Braking Behavior,
2010
Wright State University
Influence Of Edge Rate, Global Optical Flow Rate, Angle, And Expansion Rate On Braking Behavior, Sheldon M. Russell
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A driving simulator was used to understand the way humans control collisions. Based on the research of Smith et al. (2001), and McKenna (2004), this study altered distance to and size of a target to determine if optical angle and expansion rate were used independently to control behavior in a collision event rather than combined into a single variable, tau, as suggested by Lee (1976). Furthermore, edge rate as defined by Denton (1980) and global optical flow rate (GOFR) (Warren, 1982) were considered as possible visual sources of egomotion information. Similar to the results found by McKenna (2004), participants appeared …
An Examination Of Type I Errors And Power For Two Differential Item Functioning Indices,
2010
Wright State University
An Examination Of Type I Errors And Power For Two Differential Item Functioning Indices, Patrick Carl Clark Jr.
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This study examined two methods for detecting differential item functioning (DIF): Raju, van der Linden, and Fleer's (1995) differential functioning of items and tests procedure (DFIT) and Thissen, Steinberg, and Wainer's (1988) likelihood ratio test (LRT). The major research questions concerned which test provides the best balance of Type I errors and power and if the tests differ in terms of detecting different types of DIF. Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to address these questions. Equal and unequal sample size conditions were fully crossed with test lengths of 10 and 20 items. In addition, α and β parameters were manipulated …
