Respiratory Tract Diseases Commons^™

Combination Of Hsp90 Inhibitors And Hsp70 Inducers Prevent Hydrochloric Acid-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis In Rabbits, Ruben M. L. Colunga Biancatelli, Pavel A. Solopov, Tierney Day, Dan E. Austin Jr., Len E. Murray, John D. Catravas

Bioelectrics Publications

Combined therapies with Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitors and Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) inducers are gaining significant interest in cancer and cardiovascular research. Here, we tested the hypothesis that HSP90 inhibitors and HSP70 inducers, together, can block the development of pulmonary fibrosis. We exposed New Zealand White Rabbits to hydrochloric acid (HCl, 0.1 N, 1.5 mL/kg), one of the top five chemicals most commonly involved in accidental exposures and inhalation injuries worldwide, and treated animals with either the orally available HSP90 inhibitor TAS-116 (1.7 mg/kg 5x/week) or TAS-116 combined with the HSP70 inducer, geranylgeranyl acetone (GGA, 50 mg/kg, …

18s Metabarcode Analyses Of Eukaryotic Species In The Respiratory Microbiomes Of Wild Canids From New Hampshire, Collin Sinclair Blake

Honors Theses and Capstones

This study is of an exploratory nature and focuses on characterizing the eukaryotic microbiota present in the respiratory tissues of six wild canids and one domestic canine. The contents of this document largely pertain to dry lab analyses of 18S barcodes in bioinformatics programs – primarily QIIME2 running in the GitBash command line, service for which was hosted by the UNH Ron Bioinformatics training server. All procedures listed within the section below were performed by second parties at the UNH Hubbard Center for Genomics Studies (HCGS), the New Hampshire Veterinary Diagnostics Lab (NHVDL), and the UNH Microbial Ecology and Emerging …

The Importance Of Early Source Control: A Case Of Resistant Mrsa, Jack Demirjian, Paul Mathew

Central & West Texas and San Antonio GME Research Day 2025

No abstract provided.

Metastatic Cardiac Tumor: New Onset Cardiac Tamponade And Atrial Fibrillation, Maheen N. Mirza, Aixa M. Rivera Rodriguez, Antonio J. Santiago Rodriguez, Adeel Malik, Matthew Vincent Tavares

West Florida Division GME Research Day 2025

No abstract provided.

Predictors For Spontaneous Pleurodesis In Patients With Indwelling Pleural Catheters For Malignant Pleural Effusion: A Safety Net Hospital Experience, Saad Farooq, Sabiha Armin, Jordan E Killingsworth, Akriti Agrawal, Adishwar Rao, Rosa M Estrada-Y-Martin, Sujith V Cherian

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) affects approximately 150,000 patients in the United States each year and usually signifies advanced-stage cancer. The optimal treatment remains a challenge but indwelling pleural catheters (IPC) offer several advantages and may help achieve spontaneous pleurodesis (SP) in some patients.

Objectives: We aim to investigate the predictors of SP among patients with MPE, particularly in a resource-limited community-based safety net hospital.

Design: This is a retrospective cohort study done at a community-based safety net hospital.

Methods: Adults diagnosed with or suspected of having MPE between January 2015 and December 2023 who underwent IPC placement were included. …

Editing Approaches To Treat Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency, Derek M. Erion, Leah Y. Liu, Christopher R. Brown, Stephen I. Rennard, Humam Farah

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

TOPIC IMPORTANCE: Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is a genetic disorder most commonly due to a single G to A point mutation (E342K), leading to debilitating lung and/or liver disorders and is associated with increased mortality. The E342K point mutation causes a conformational change of the AAT protein resulting in its retention in liver hepatocytes. This reduces AAT secretion into the serum resulting in higher protease activities due to the lack of inhibition from AAT, causing damage to healthy lung tissue. The current standard of care for lung manifestations involves weekly IV augmentation therapy and is considered suboptimal for these patients. …

Exploring Psychological Implications Of The Contemporary Lung Transplant, Isaac C. Machar

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Since its inception in 1963 at the University of Mississippi Medical Center, more than 50,000 lung transplant procedures have been performed. During its 50-year anniversary, 2023 saw just over 3,000 lung transplants performed in the United Sates. However, as this procedure continues to increase in execution each year, it is critical that the psychological implications of this procedure are explored. In this paper, I hope to develop an understanding of the psychological background of contemporary lung transplantation. Reviewing the lung and double lung transplant, the goal is to apply biopsychology principles to the field. Background information about transplant science is …

Multi-Level Factors Associated With Low Dose Computed Tomography Lung Cancer Screening In The United States, Tung Sung Tseng, Chien Ching Li, Hui Yi Lin, Kelsey N. Witmeier, Chaoyi Zeng, Yu Wen Chiu, Michael D. Celestin, Edward J. Trapido

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening is recommended for high-risk smokers to decrease lung cancer-related mortality and increase prognosis. In the U.S., the uptake of LDCT screening among eligible smokers is suboptimal. The impacts of social-environmental and individual factors on LDCT screening uptake using nationally representative dataset recommendations are understudied. The current study investigated multi-level factors associated with LDCT screening using national data. Methods: The 2017-2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data, social determinants of health (SDOH) and other state-level variables (Medicaid expansion status and the number of screening facilities using American Lung Association (ALA) 's State of Lung Cancer) …

Cellular And Molecular Mechanisms Of Lung Regeneration, Repair, And Fibrosis, Volume Ii, Yong Qiu, Xiao Xiao Tang, Shigeyuki Shichino, Prem Prakash Kushwaha, Yan Y. Sanders, Remo Castro Russo, Chunheng Mo

Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences Faculty Publications

[Introduction] Organ fibrosis represents a substantial a major contributor to global disease burden, implicated in over 30% of cases leading to disability-associated and fatal conditions. Among these conditions, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) stands as a progressive and frequently fatal interstitial lung disease characterized by aberrant extracellular matrix deposition and parenchymal scarring. The prognosis for IPF patients is poor, with a median survival time of just 3–5 years (Bhattacharya and Ramachandran, 2023; Lederer and Martinez, 2018, Ma et al., 2024, Wei et al., 2024). Current FDA-approved therapeutics, Pirfenidone and Nintedanib, demonstrate capacity to attenuate functional decline in pulmonary fibrosis but remain …

Ribosome Hibernation In Mycobacterium Abscessus And Its Effect On Antibiotic Resistance, Ryan Treen

Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)

Non-tuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM) represent a diverse repertoire of species, most of which are ubiquitous in the environment. Some NTM species, such as Mycobacterium abscessus, can cause life-threatening infections in people with underlying medical conditions. The clinical incidence of such infections is on the rise, posing an emerging threat to public health. M. abscessus is characterized by intrinsic and acquired antibiotic resistance, complicating treatment strategies. Most chemotherapeutic approaches for M. abscessus infection target the bacterial ribosome, necessitating a better understanding of the physiological processes which confer this resistance. Multiple mycobacterial species respond to zinc-limiting conditions by inducing remodeling and hibernation …

Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma In A Nonsmoker Presenting With Pathological Humeral Fracture, Nicholas Fuerstenau, Grant Cookson, Smit Jani

South Atlantic Division GME Research Day 2025

No abstract provided.

A Case Of A Cough Unveiling Pulmonary Amyloidosis, Conner Dalton, Timothy Kocher, Chase Tenewitz, Benjamin Goldsmith

South Atlantic Division GME Research Day 2025

No abstract provided.

Education Interventions Implemented To Increase Lung Cancer Screening Rates, Arpit Arora, Crystal Bharat, Sophia Zia, Pooja Paunikar, Dana Simpson

South Atlantic Division GME Research Day 2025

No abstract provided.

A Case Of Polymethylmethacrylate Cement Pulmonary Emboli After Kyphoplasty, Denae Kappers, Jessica Odum, Chamonix Kinimaka

South Atlantic Division GME Research Day 2025

No abstract provided.

Unraveling Daptomycin-Induced Lung Injury, Vishal Shah, Fady Awad, Jacob Keesee, Anna Cohen

South Atlantic Division GME Research Day 2025

No abstract provided.

Myocardial Infarction Trends Following Covid-19 Vaccination: A Retrospective Investigation From India, Hema S. Pinnam, Hrithika Madhavan, Jagarlamudi Harshitha, Vikram Patil, Harshita Tiwari, Isha A. Kumthekar, Jampala Sri Mounya

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Background: The relationship between COVID-19 vaccination and the incidence of myocardial infarction remains a topic of debate. The study aimed to analyze the demographic, clinical, and outcome characteristics of MI patients post-vaccination in India, focusing on differences between Covishield and Covaxin recipients.

Methods: The retrospective observational study included 303 MI patients admitted to a tertiary care center. Data were collected on demographics, comorbidities, vaccination status, ICU admissions, and outcomes. The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was used to assess disease severity. Statistical analyses evaluated the associations between vaccination status, clinical parameters, and mortality.

Results: Among the study population, 74.3% were males, …

Reducing Healthcare-Acquired Pneumonia In A Geriatric Long-Term Care Facility, Jacob R. Magsalin

Master's Projects and Capstones

Problem: Healthcare-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is a nosocomial infection that poses a serious threat in geriatric long-term care facilities due to its high morbidity and mortality.

Context: This evidence-based quality improvement project seeks to reduce the incidence of HAP in a geriatric long-term care facility in the San Francisco Bay Area by utilizing findings

from existing literature.

Interventions: Key interventions include improving and standardizing oral care techniques and promoting education on HAP prevention to allow patients and their families to be more proactive in preventing this complication.

Measures: Outcome measures include HAP diagnosis rates after implementation, any costs saved for the …

Reducing The Incidence Of Nosocomial Aspiration Pneumonia In The Adult Oncology Population Through Improved Compliance With Oral Hygiene Protocols, Kenneth R. Brown

Master's Projects and Capstones

Objective

Oncology patients receiving chemotherapy are at risk of complications such as mucosal barrier injuries (MBI) and aspiration pneumonia, and aspiration pneumonia rates are higher than desired. Improved oral hygiene protocols and compliance in this population reduces the incidence of these complications.

Context and Background

The microsystem assessed includes six oncology units at Hospital A, a large California academic hospital. Aspiration pneumonia, commonly associated with MBI, is a life-threatening challenge that increases costs and complications in oncological treatment settings. An aspiration pneumonia task force focused on six oncology acute care units is committed to reducing the incidence of hospital acquired …

Obstructive Sleep Apnea And Obesity: How Weight Loss Improves Sleep Apnea Severity And Quality Of Life - An Integrative Review, Hannah Wilson, Neda Akbarshahi

Master's Projects

Introduction: With the growing prevalence of OSA due to the obesity epidemic, there is an urgent need to update treatment regimens. While CPAP continues to be the gold standard of OSA care, challenges with adherence and limited access to effective weight management strategies often impede care. The complex bidirectional relationship between obesity and OSA highlights the importance of addressing weight management in this patient population to help mitigate cardiometabolic risks. Personalized weight loss therapies should be integrated into standard OSA treatment regimens to reduce OSA severity, reduce comorbid conditions, and improve quality of life.

Aim: The objective of this integrative …

Use Of Empagliflozin As An Adjuvant Treatment For Obstructive Sleep Apnea For A Patient Who Has Not Seen A Physician In Over 40 Years, Andrew Demko

Clinical Research in Practice: The Journal of Team Hippocrates

A clinical decision report using:

Neeland IJ, Eliasson B, Kasai T, et al. The Impact of Empagliflozin on Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes: An Exploratory Analysis of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial. Diabetes Care. 2020;43(12):3007-3015. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-1096

for a patient with obstructive sleep apnea who has not seen a physician in over 40 years.