Respiratory Tract Diseases Commons^™

Relationships Of Serum Cc16 Levels With Smoking Status And Lung Function In Copd, Kelli C. Gribben, Jill A. Poole, Amy J. Nelson, Paraskevi A. Farazi, Christopher S. Wichman, Art J. Heires, Debra J. Romberger, Tricia D. Levan

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

Background: The club cell secretory protein (CC16) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, and low CC16 serum levels have been associated with both risk and progression of COPD, yet the interaction between smoking and CC16 on lung function outcomes remains unknown.

Methods: Utilizing cross-sectional data on United States veterans, CC16 serum concentrations were measured by ELISA and log transformed for analyses. Spirometry was conducted and COPD status was defined by post-bronchodilator FEV₁/FVC ratio < 0.7. Smoking measures were self-reported on questionnaire. Multivariable logistic and linear regression were employed to examine associations between CC16 levels and COPD, and lung function with adjustment for covariates. Unadjusted Pearson correlations described relationships between CC16 level and lung function measures, pack-years smoked, and years since smoking cessation.

Results: The study population (N = 351) was mostly male, white, with an average age over 60 years. An interaction between CC16 and smoking status on …

Identifying Individual Medications Affecting Pulmonary Outcomes When Multiple Medications Are Present, Yisha Li, Ran Dai, Yeongjin Gwon, Stephen I. Rennard, Barry J. Make, Dinah Foer, Matthew J. Strand, Erin Austin, Kendra A. Young, John E. Hokanson, Katherine A. Pratte, Rebecca Conway, Gregory L. Kinney, Copdgene Investigators

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

No abstract provided.

Updated Perspectives On The Role Of Biomechanics In Copd: Considerations For The Clinician, Jennifer M. Yentes, Wai-Yan Liu, Kuan Zhang, Eric Markvicka, Stephen I. Rennard

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) demonstrate extra-pulmonary functional decline such as an increased prevalence of falls. Biomechanics offers insight into functional decline by examining mechanics of abnormal movement patterns. This review discusses biomechanics of functional outcomes, muscle mechanics, and breathing mechanics in patients with COPD as well as future directions and clinical perspectives. Patients with COPD demonstrate changes in their postural sway during quiet standing compared to controls, and these deficits are exacerbated when sensory information (eg, eyes closed) is manipulated. If standing balance is disrupted with a perturbation, patients with COPD are slower to return to baseline …

A Fatal Case Of Ards: Concomitant Blastomycosis & Aspergillosis In An Immunocompetent Male, Hytham Rashid, Alexander Llop, Tusharkumar Pansuriya, Jayaram Turuvekere

Gulf Coast Division GME Research Day 2022

No abstract provided.

Optimal Timing And Outcomes Among Covid-19 Patients Undergoing Tracheostomy, Steven K M Vuu, Huazhi Liu, Jennifer Demuro, Laura Mena Albors, Tandis Soltani, Ettore Crimi, Darwin Ang

North Florida Division GME Research Day 2022

No abstract available.

Double-Edged Sword: Status Asthmaticus Complications In An Opiate Tolerant Patient, Hytham Rashid, Kenneth Salu, Jordan Babcock, Tushar Pansuriya, Adrienne Madison, Sivatej Sarva

Gulf Coast Division GME Research Day 2022

No abstract provided.

Pulmonary Function And Blood Dna Methylation: A Multiancestry Epigenome-Wide Association Meta-Analysis, Mikyeong Lee, Tianxiao Huan, Daniel L. Mccartney, Geetha Chittoor, Maaike De Vries, Lies Lahousse, Jennifer N. Nguyen, Jennifer A. Brody, Juan Castillo-Fernandez, Natalie Terzikhan, Cancan Qi, Roby Joehanes, Josine L. Min, Gordon J. Smilnak, Jessica R. Shaw, Chen Xi Yang, Elena Colicino, Thanh T. Hoang, Mairead L. Bermingham, Hanfei Xu, Anne E. Justice, Cheng-Jian Xu, Stephen S. Rich, Simon R. Cox, Judith M. Vonk, Ivana Prokić, Nona Sotoodehnia, Pei-Chien Tsai, Joel D. Schwartz, Janice M. Leung, Sinjini Sikdar, Rosie M. Walker, Sarah E. Harris, Diana A. Van Der Plaat, David J. Van Den Berg, Traci M. Bartz, Tim D. Spector, Pantel S. Vokonas, Riccardo E. Marioni, Adele M. Taylor, Yongmei Liu, R. Graham Barr, Leslie A. Lange, Andrea A. Baccarelli, Ma'en Obeidat, Myriam Fornage, Tianyuan Wang, James M. Ward, Alison A. Motsinger-Reif, Gibran Hemani, Gerard H. Koppelman, Jordana T. Bell, Sina A. Gharib, Guy Brusselle, H. Marike Boezen, Kari E. North, Daniel Levy, Kathryn L. Evans, Josée Dupris, Charles E. Breeze, Ani Manichaikul, Stephanie J. London

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Publications

Rationale: Methylation integrates factors present at birth and modifiable across the lifespan that can influence pulmonary function. Studies are limited in scope and replication.

Objectives: To conduct large-scale epigenome-wide meta-analyses of blood DNA methylation and pulmonary function.

Methods: Twelve cohorts analyzed associations of methylation at cytosine-phosphate-guanine probes (CpGs), using Illumina 450K or EPIC/850K arrays, with FEV₁, FVC, and FEV₁/FVC. We performed multiancestry epigenome-wide meta-analyses (total of 17,503 individuals; 14,761 European, 2,549 African, and 193 Hispanic/Latino ancestries) and interpreted results using integrative epigenomics.

Measurements and Main Results: We identified 1,267 CpGs (1,042 genes) differentially methylated (false discovery …

The Role Of Emergency Departments For Antimicrobial Stewardship In Covid-19 Pandemic; The Time Is Now, Madiha Ismail, Nazeer Najeeb Kapadia, Sara Usman

Department of Emergency Medicine

No abstract provided.

Optimizing Antidotal Treatment With The Oral Hsp90 Inhibitor Tas-116 Against Hydrochloric Acid-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis In Mice, Pavel A. Solopov, Ruben Manuel Luciano Colunga Biancatelli, Christiana Dimitropolou, Tierney Day, John Catravas

Bioelectrics Publications

Exposure to high concentrations of hydrochloric acid (HCl) can lead to severe acute and chronic lung injury. In the aftermath of accidental spills, victims may be treated for the acute symptoms, but the chronic injury is often overlooked. We have developed a mouse model of acute and chronic lung injury, in which the peak of acute lung injury occurs on the day 4 after HCl exposure. We have also demonstrated that HSP90 inhibitors are effective antidotes when administered starting 24 h after HCl. In this study we examined the hypothesis that the novel oral HSP90 inhibitor TAS-116 can effectively ameliorate …

Alcohol Increases Lung Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Expression And Exacerbates Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Spike Protein Subunit 1–Induced Acute Lung Injury In K18-Hace2 Transgenic Mice, Pavel A. Solopov, Ruben Manuel Luciano Colunga Biancatelli, John D. Catravas

Bioelectrics Publications

During the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, alcohol consumption increased markedly. Nearly one in four adults reported drinking more alcohol to cope with stress. Chronic alcohol abuse is now recognized as a factor complicating the course of acute respiratory distress syndrome. and increasing mortality. To investigate the mechanisms behind this interaction, we developed a combined acute respiratory distress syndrome and chronic alcohol abuse mouse model by intratracheally instilling the S1 subunit of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S1SP) in K18-human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) transgenic mice that express the human ACE2 receptor for SARS-CoV-2 and are kept on an …

The Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitor, At13387, Protects The Alveolo-Capillary Barrier And Prevents Hci-Induced Chronic Lung Injury And Pulmonary Fibrosis, Ruben M.L. Colunga Biancatelli, Pavel Solopov, Christiana Dimitropoulou, Betsy Gregory, Tierney Day, John D. Catravas

Bioelectrics Publications

Hydrochloric acid (HCl) exposure causes asthma-like conditions, reactive airways dysfunction syndrome, and pulmonary fibrosis. Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90) is a molecular chaperone that regulates multiple cellular processes. HSP90 inhibitors are undergoing clinical trials for cancer and are also being studied in various pre-clinical settings for their anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects. Here we investigated the ability of the heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor AT13387 to prevent chronic lung injury induced by exposure to HCl in vivo and its protective role in the endothelial barrier in vitro. We instilled C57Bl/6J mice with 0.1N HCl (2 µL/g body weight, intratracheally) and …

Congenital Lobar Emphysema: A Rare Cause Of Mortality In Premature Infants, Brantley Grimball, Allison Thompson

South Atlantic Division GME Research Day 2022

No abstract provided.

Characterisation Of Lung Function Trajectories And Associated Early-Life Predictors In An Australian Birth Cohort Study, Francesca Sanna, Francesca Locatelli, Peter D. Sly, Elisha White, Jane Heyworth, Graham L. Hall, Rachel E. Foong, David Blake

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background There is growing evidence that lung function in early-life predicts later lung function. Adverse events over the lifespan might influence an individual’s lung function trajectory, resulting in poor respiratory health. The aim of this study is to identify early-life risk factors and their impact on lung function trajectories to prevent long-term lung impairments. Methods Our study included participants from the Raine Study, a prospective pregnancy cohort, with at least two spirometry measurements. Lung function trajectories from the 6-to 22-year follow-ups were characterised using finite mixture modelling. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the association between early-life predictors …

Developing An Evaluation Process For Telehealth In A Copd Clinic, Jodi H. Biller

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Background: Telehealth was broadly implemented as a care modality in response to a worldwide pandemic in 2020. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, while telehealth was not new, it was not widely utilized at the project site location, and a uniform method of evaluating its effectiveness was needed. This quality assurance project developed and piloted a uniform process to evaluate telehealth in a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) clinic, then evaluated stakeholder perceptions about the process used in developing the evaluation tool.

Methods: The telehealth evaluation tool was developed using the National Quality Forum (NQF) framework and Global Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) …

Understanding Vaccine-Induced Memory Responses To Develop The Next Generation Of Pertussis Vaccines, Kelly L. Weaver

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Bordetella pertussis is a Gram-negative respiratory pathogen that can infect individuals of all ages and is notably responsible for infant fatalities. Pertussis (whooping cough) is a vaccine-preventable respiratory disease for which vaccines have been available in the United States since the 1940s. Whole cell pertussis vaccines kept incidence of pertussis under 5,000 cases per year, but were associated with reactogenicity issues. Following the introduction of less reactogenic acellular pertussis vaccines in the late 1990s, there have been noteworthy outbreaks of pertussis. For example, in 2012 there were over 50,000 reported cases of pertussis and 20 deaths in the U.S. The …

Therapeutic Approaches For Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Franck J. Kamga Gninzeko

Theses and Dissertations

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is characterized by shortness of breath and low oxygen levels. RDS affects the neonatal and adult populations. In the neonatal population, RDS can be classified as NRDS (Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome), while in adults, it is known as ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome). This dissertation examines a therapeutic approach to NRDS and a mechanistic approach to ARDS with in vivo and in vitro models of lung injury. NRDS is characterized by a deficiency or lack of surfactant. Surfactant is an essential compound composed of phospholipids and proteins to prevent the lungs from collapsing. There are several …

Air Pollutant Levels And Asthma Emergency Room Visits In A Highly Populous Us Urban County During 2018-19, Osaremhen Ikhile, Jingjing Yin, Atin Adhikari

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Objective: Air pollutants are linked to asthma exacerbation. The study purpose was to demonstrate an association between air pollutants levels and asthma emergency room (ER) visit trends in a highly populated US urban county in Georgia during 2018-2019.

Methods: Time series analyses were conducted for the variations in daily numbers of children and adult asthma emergency room visits and changes in daily mean PM_2.5, daily mean PM₁₀ concentrations, daily max 1-hour SO₂ concentrations, daily max 1-hour NO₂ concentrations, daily max 8-hour ozone concentrations, and airborne pollen loads for 2018 to 2019 and potential trends were …

Assessment Of Combined Modality Therapy For Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma: A Simulation Study Concerning Concurrent Chemo-Brachytherapy, Hadi Rezaei, Hesameddin Mostaghimi, Ali Reza Mehdizadeh

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Although surgery is the treatment of choice for early-stage non-small-cell lung carcinoma, almost two-thirds of patients do not have acceptable pulmonary function for extensive surgeries. The alternative approach for this large group of patients is sublobar resection along with low-dose-rate (LDR) brachytherapy (BT). However, patients with resected lungs have a high risk of recurrence and are often treated with platinum-based (Pt-based) chemotherapy (CT). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the absorbed doses of lung and other thoracic organs, considering concurrent chemo-BT with LDR sources in two modalities: conventional vs. unconventional Pt-based CT. We used the MCNPX code for simulations …

Survival Rate Of Critically Ill Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients On Tracheostomy In Indonesia, Aris Ramdhani, Dita Aditianingsih, Raihanita Zahra, Muhammad A. Putra, Wuryantoro Soeharto, Melvin D.B. Kwa

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

Introduction. During COVID-19 global pandemic, tracheostomy is often performed on critically ill COVID-19 patients. There is no available data on the survival rate of critically ill COVID-19 patients on tracheostomy in Indonesia. This study aimed to find the survival rate of critically ill COVID-19 patients on tracheostomy in Indonesia.

Methods. A descriptive survival analysis study enrolled critically ill COVID-19 patients in RSUI who underwent a tracheostomy procedure. Baseline data, including clinical characteristics and laboratory findings before tracheostomy, were recorded. Survival analysis was conducted using the Kaplan-Meier plot.

Results. Forty-two subjects were enrolled in the study: 25 males (59.5%) and 17 …

Point Of Care Spirometry Assessment For Pediatric Asthma Prevalence In A Family Homeless Shelter In Omaha, Nebraska, Nathaniel Mattison, Dale Agner, Breanne Parets, Haley Mathews, Emily Saliga, Maria Vacha, Jamicah Harris, Ryan Saliga

Graduate Medical Education Research Journal

Abstract:

Introduction: The few studies on pediatric asthma in US homeless shelters describe a 27.9 – 39.8% prevalence, and historically Omaha has had a high incidence of fatal pediatric asthma. Thereby, Clarkson Family Medicine (CFM) residency began a pediatric asthma outreach to a local family-homeless shelter to assess the prevalence of pediatric asthma and follow-up appointment attendance.

Methods: We obtained a voluntary parent-child assessment of the child’s respiratory history and an Asthma Control Test (ACT) between ages 4-18 for children residing at the family-homeless shelter. We obtained a pre-albuterol and post-albuterol mobile spirometer assessment using the Global Initiative for …