Respiratory Tract Diseases Commons^™

Case Report: Post-Obstructive Pneumonia Secondary To Foreign Body Aspiration, Aashna Chaudhry, Andrew Vasta

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Post-obstructive pneumonia is described as a pulmonary infiltrate that occurs proximal to the site of an obstructed bronchus. Studies show that post-obstructive pneumonia most commonly secondary to obstruction caused by neoplasms. According to a study done on post obstructive pneumonia in lung cancer, most cases of post obstructive pneumonias are associated with advanced neoplasms with up to 50% of those with advanced cancer getting endobronchial compromise. While neoplasms are the most common cause of post obstructive pneumonia, research is scarce on other potential causes of post obstructive pneumonia. This case reports presents a unique clinical case in which an adult …

Evaluating The Association Of Influenza Vaccination On Long-Term Covid-19 Symptoms In U.S. Adults, Ratnakar Pingili

Capstone Experience

Objective. To evaluate the association of influenza vaccination in the past 12 months with Long COVID effects and clinical and sociodemographic factors.

Methods. Cross-sectional study with data from the 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), covering 415,132 non-institutionalized U.S. adults with a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis and influenza vaccination reported within the last 12 months. Logistic regression was conducted between influenza vaccination (exposure) and Long COVID (outcome), controlling for demographic variables, pre-existing health conditions, and socioeconomic status.

Results. Of 120,603 participants, 21.89% reported Long COVID symptoms and 42.04% had received an influenza vaccine. Findings indicate a statistically significant 13% reduction …

Identifying Barriers To Healthcare Access And Utilization Experienced By Lgbtq+ Adults With Chronic Diseases Through The Lens Of The Social Ecological Model, Devin Mottier

Capstone Experience

The purpose of this literature review is to comprehensively examine and synthesize existing research on present barriers to health access and utilization that contribute to the disparities in chronic disease prevalence within the adult LGBTQ+ population. In the context of this review, the social-ecological model (SEM) was used to describe the nuanced and multifaceted nature of healthcare access and utilization. This literature review was based upon the following question: ‘Using the social-ecological model, what are the barriers to health access and utilization that contribute to high rates of chronic disease in LGBTQ+ adults?’ Outcome measures of interest included the following …

Reducing Copd Readmissions Through The Implementation Of A Guideline-Based Clinical Pathway: An Evidence-Based Practice Improvement Project, Hannah F. Hall, Allyson Neal, Samantha Bauer

Graduate Publications and Other Selected Works - Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP)

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of death worldwide. It is characterized by airway inflammation and damage that inhibits appropriate airflow. Exacerbations of COPD (ECOPD) hasten disease progression and have profound impacts on the patients.

Local Problem: East Tennesseans experience higher rates of COPD than the rest of the state. Community members at the project site identified that the inpatient management of ECOPD is inconsistent and discordant with the 2023 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines. The purpose of this project was to reduce readmissions and increase guideline concordance by developing an algorithm …

Sickle-Cell Trait As A Risk Factor For Unprovoked Venous Thromboembolism: A Case Report, James Cross, Brendan Mackey, Umme Yasmin

Tower Health Research Day

No abstract provided.

Interstitial Lung Disease Associated With Certolizumab Pegol Monotherapy In Psoriatic Arthritis, Tan T. Tran, Raesham Bukhari, Mahmood Danishwar, Mohammad Abu Tineh, Syed Jaleel

Tower Health Research Day

No abstract provided.

Education Of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Prevention In Adult Intensive Care Patients, Carlin Morgan

Scholars Week

The purpose of this project was to improve knowledge related to evidence-based ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) preventative measures that decrease the prevalence of VAP in adult patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). An educational presentation was provided to twelve critical care nurses at a 349-bed hospital in western Kentucky. A pretest was obtained to measure the nurse’s knowledge prior to the presentation. A PowerPoint and pamphlet containing VAP prevention techniques were presented to the twelve critical care nurses during each meeting. A posttest was then administered after the presentation to measure the efficacy of the educational presentation. The mean of …

Gambaran Klinis Pasien Terduga Tuberkulosis Paru Resisten Obat (Tb-Ro) Dengan Kolonisasi Candida Sp. Di Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin Bandung, Hasna Rafifah Zahira Zalfa, Iceu Dimas Kulsum, Hendarsyah Suryadinata, Chrysanti Chrysanti, Intan Mauli Warma Dewi

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Candida sp. is a fungus that lives as a commensal in human body, but may cause infection upon immune suppression. The decrease in immunity due to TB infection and long-term use of antibiotics in TB patients may increase the risk of the Candida sp. colonization in patient. Data regarding the prevalence of Candida sp. colonization in TB patients and its impact has not been widely reported. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of presumptive drug-resistance TB patients with Candida sp. colonization.

Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from a …

Revolutionizing Feature Selection: A Breakthrough Approach For Enhanced Accuracy And Reduced Dimensions, With Implications For Early Medical Diagnostics, Shabia Shabir Khan, Majid Shafi Kawoosa, Bonny Bannerjee, Subhash C. Chauhan, Sheema Khan

Research Symposium

Background: The system's performance may be impacted by the high-dimensional feature dataset, attributed to redundant, non-informative, or irrelevant features, commonly referred to as noise. To mitigate inefficiency and suboptimal performance, our goal is to identify the optimal and minimal set of features capable of representing the entire dataset. Consequently, the Feature Selector (Fs) serves as an operator, transforming an m-dimensional feature set into an n-dimensional feature set. This process aims to generate a filtered dataset with reduced dimensions, enhancing the algorithm's efficiency.

Methods: This paper introduces an innovative feature selection approach utilizing a genetic algorithm with an ensemble crossover operation …

Overview Of The Zoonotic Potential And Coinfection Of Sars-Cov-2 In Indonesia, Muhammad Khaliim Jati Kusala, Ni Luh Putu Indi Dharmayanti

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

In the ASEAN region, Indonesia has the highest overall COVID-19 infection score. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic first emerged in China and then transmitted sporadically throughout the world. Animals and humans can be infected with the corona virus, so this disease is classified as a zoonotic disease. This review aims to gather information regarding the potential of SARS-CoV-2 as a zoonotic disease and coinfections with several other pathogens in Indonesia. This study collected data demonstrating the potential for COVID-19 to be transmitted from humans to animals, as an evidenced by positive test results for the Bat Coronavirus Antigen in bats. Cats have …

The Transmission Of Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Kunjal Patel, Aleesha Thomas

Mako: NSU Undergraduate Student Journal

The existence of Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OPSCC) has recently been found to have correlations with the Human Papillomavirus. HPV-associated OPSCC exhibits a unique method of infection and transmission and has made this branch an emerging disease in the recent decade. This systematic review of the literature was conducted to further explore research into Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Cancer (OPSCC). Commonly referred to as “throat cancer”, this growth originates in the oropharynx. Symptoms of this condition include sore throat, lumps in the neck, and difficulty with swallowing. OPSCC has many variants but has shown a strong association with Human Papillomavirus (HPV), …

Covid-19 Hospital Mortality Among Patients With Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: A Comparison Between Public And Private Healthcare Services In San Luis Potosí 2020–2022, María E. Torres-Acosta, Rocío M. Cubos-Moncada, Alan Y. Martínez-Castellanos

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Background: During 2019, México’s total public spending on health was 5.43% of the national gross domestic product, making it one of the countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development that invested the least in developing public health systems. This study analyzes hospital mortality among intubated patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 according to type of institution in San Luis Potosí, México, from March 18, 2020, to April 7, 2022.

Methods: This is a secondary data analysis of publicly available information about mortality among intubated patients with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 with respect to the type of hospitalization institution.

Results: …

Utilizing Primary Human Airway Mucociliary Tissue Cultures To Model Ramifications Of Chronic E-Cigarette Usage., Vincent J Manna, Shannon Dwyer, Vanessa Pizutelli, Salvatore J Caradonna

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Faculty Scholarship

Electronic cigarettes are battery powered devices that use a vape-liquid to produce a vapor that is inhaled. A consequence of the rise in e-cigarette usage was the 2019 emergence of a vaping-induced respiratory disease denoted as 'e-cigarette or vaping use-associated lung injury' (EVALI). One of the suspected causes of EVALI is Vitamin E Acetate (VEA), which was found to be a diluent in certain illicit vape-pens, whereas nicotine is commonly diluted in equal parts propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin (PG:VG). The prevalent use of e-cigarettes and the emergence of a novel illness has made understanding how e-cigarette vapors affect our …

Targeting Transitioning Lung Monocytes/Macrophages As Treatment Strategies In Lung Disease Related To Environmental Exposures, Aaron Schwab, Todd A. Wyatt, Grace Moravec, Geoffrey M. Thiele, Amy J. Nelson, Angela Gleason, Oliver Schanze, Michael J. Duryee, Debra J. Romberger, Ted R. Mikuls, Jill A. Poole

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

Background: Environmental/occupational exposures cause significant lung diseases. Agricultural organic dust extracts (ODE) and bacterial component lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induce recruited,transitioning murine lung monocytes/macrophages, yet their cellular role remains unclear.

Methods: CCR2 RFP⁺ mice were intratracheally instilled with high concentration ODE (25%), LPS (10 μg), or gram-positive peptidoglycan (PGN, 100 μg) for monocyte/macrophage cell-trafficking studies. CCR2 knockout (KO) mice and administration of intravenous clodronate liposomes strategies were employed to reduce circulating monocytes available for lung recruitment following LPS exposure.Lung tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected. Pro-inflammatory and/or pro-fibrotic cytokines, chemokines, and lung extracellular matrix mediators were quantitated by ELISA. …

A Common Complaint With An Unexpected Diagnosis: A Case Of Mycobacterium Avium Complex Pulmonary Abscesses, Maryam Fallahi, Mark Cheneler, Qazi Haider, Madhukanth Reddy

North Texas Research Forum 2024

Introduction: Mycobacterial infections are an atypical organism for pulmonary infections. These infections are classically separated in tuberculous (MTB) and nontuberculous (NTM) groups due to their differing pathogenicity and microbiologic therapy regimens. MTB is typically treated with a 4-drug therapy known as RIPE (rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol) however NTM is typically treated with 3- or 4-drug therapy with a backbone of rifampin, macrolide, and ethambutol. Due to the long courses of therapy required for NTM, stringent diagnostic criteria of clinical, radiologic, and microbiologic findings are required. Despite meeting all 3 criteria for diagnosis, not every patient is a candidate for …

Employees' Perception Of The Management Of The Covid-19 Crisis At Najran University, Saudi Arabia, Noora Nasser Alsuhaibani

Dissertations

Problem

During the COVID-19 crisis, particularly in the context of Saudi education, the ability to physically attend schools and colleges was greatly hindered due to the widespread transmission of the virus and the resulting obstacles. The issues necessitated the use of crisis management strategies. Some Saudi universities are capable of implementing an organized plan both before to and during crisis management, whereas others lack this competence. This is a substantial problem. Several universities in Saudi Arabia effectively managed the COVID-19 epidemic, whereas others did not. Furthermore, prior studies on crisis management indicate that administrators exhibit diverse responses. By participating in …

Non-Invasive Ventilatory Support, Tube Feeding & Risk Of Aspiration Pneumonia, Jason Mae Chacon, Zuhaib Murtaza, Sarah Barraza, Judy Jin, Payal Passi

Central & West Texas Research Day 2024

No abstract provided.

Flash Pulmonary Edema Secondary To Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava, Jack Demirjian, Rohan Divecha, Emmanuel Garrastegui-Mercado, Oscar Garcia

Central & West Texas Research Day 2024

No abstract provided.

Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia In The Setting Of Immunocompromising Medications, Cody K. Meaux, Bridget Kowalczyk, Scott Buckner

Gulf Coast Division Research Symposium 2024

No abstract provided.

Critical Airway Obstruction Secondary To Acute Necrotizing Tracheitis, Vishesh Persaud, Austin Makadia, S Choudhury, A Chohan, Abhay Vakil

Gulf Coast Division Research Symposium 2024

No abstract provided.