Neoplasms Commons^™

Institutional Experience Of Lymphoproliferative Disorders With Initial Diagnosis Made Via Fine Needle Aspiration At Otolaryngology Clinic, Alaa S. Hrizat, Jerald Gong, Stacey M. Gargano

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: This study characterizes lymphomas presenting as palpable head and neck masses and evaluates the role of fine needle aspiration (FNA) and flow cytometry (FC) in diagnosis.

DESIGN: A 5-year retrospective review of FNAs performed by pathologists in an ENT clinic identified cases with a predominant lymphoid population that lacked an epithelial component. Cytology, FC, and subsequent surgical pathology diagnoses were correlated.

RESULTS: Of 821 FNAs, 154 (19%) met selection criteria. Reactive lymph nodes accounted for 43% (67/154), with most diagnosed as 'negative for malignancy,' except one 'atypical' (ATY) case. Lymphoma was confirmed in 57% (87/154) of cases, categorized as …

Effects Of Cadherin Mediated Contact Normalization On Oncogenic Src Kinase Mediated Gene Expression And Protein Phosphorylation, Rachel E Nicoletto, Cayla J Holdcraft, Ariel C Yin, Edward P Retzbach, Stephanie A Sheehan, Amanda A Greenspan, Christopher M Laugier, Jason Trama, Caifeng Zhao, Haiyan Zheng, Gary S Goldberg

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

Nontransformed cells form heterotypic cadherin junctions with adjacent transformed cells to inhibit tumor cell growth and motility. Transformed cells must override this form of growth control, called "contact normalization", to invade and metastasize during cancer progression. Heterocellular cadherin junctions between transformed and nontransformed cells are needed for this process. However, specific mechanisms downstream of cadherin signaling have not been clearly elucidated. Here, we utilized a β-catenin reporter construct to determine if contact normalization affects Wnt signaling in transformed cells. β-catenin driven GFP expression in Src transformed mouse embryonic cells was decreased when cultured with cadherin competent nontransformed cells compared to …

Molecular And Clinical Features Of Pancreatic Acinar Cell Carcinoma: A Single-Institution Case Series, Ashwathy Balachandran Pillai, Mahmoud Yousef, Abdelrahman Yousef, Kristin D Alfaro-Munoz, Brandon G Smaglo, Jason Willis, Robert A Wolff, Shubham Pant, Mark W Hurd, Anirban Maitra, Huamin Wang, Matthew Harold G Katz, Laura R Prakash, Ching-Wei D Tzeng, Rebecca Snyder, Luca F Castelnovo, Anthony Chen, Andrey Kravets, Kseniia Kudriavtseva, Artem Tarasov, Kirill Kryukov, Haoqiang Ying, John Paul Shen, Dan Zhao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives: Acinar cell carcinoma (ACC) accounts for about 1% of pancreatic cancers. The molecular and clinical features of ACC are less characterized than those of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the clinical and molecular features of ACC patients who underwent germline and/or somatic molecular testing at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center from 2008 to 2022 and two cases from 2023-2024 who underwent RNA and TME analysis by Boston Gene. Patient information was extracted from our institutional database with the approval of the Institutional Review Board. Results: We identified 16 patients with available molecular testing …

A Rare Case Of Metachronous Gastric Lymphoma And Gastric Adenocarcinoma, Rofinna Johnkennedy Md, Mph, Cheng-Hung Tai, Alexa Plato Md, Department Of Medicine,, Caroline Loeser

Posters

Reports of metachronous primary gastric lymphoma and gastric adenocarcinoma exist in the literature, but it remains a rare entity. We present a rare case of metachronous gastric adenocarcinoma in a patient diagnosed initially with primary gastric lymphoma.

Biological Evaluation Of Anti-Cancer Activities Of Novel Small-Molecule Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitors In Prostate And Pancreatic Cancer, Rui Wang

Alternative Theses and Dissertations (AETDs)

Colchicine binding site inhibitors (CBSIs) are an emerging class of microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) with promising potential for cancer therapy. Traditional MTAs like paclitaxel, docetaxel, and Cabazitaxel, are three FDA-approved taxanes for treating various cancers. Acquired chemoresistance and toxicities caused by chemotherapy are some of the main barriers that limit their clinical outcomes. More effective novel agents and therapeutic strategies are needed to overcome these challenges. Tremendous efforts have been made in discovering novel CBSIs and evaluating many cancer types, reporting their promising potential to treat both primary, resistant, and metastatic cancers including breast cancer, ovarian cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma. …

Peran Pemeriksaan Penanda Tumor Cairan Pleura Dalam Diagnosis Efusi Pleura Maligna Akibat Kanker Paru Primer, Cleopas M. Rumende, Noorwati Sutandyo, Arif R. Hanafi, Samuel K. Rumende, Erwin C. Susanto, Truely P. Sitorus

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Pleural effusion is a frequently acquired lung disorder and based on the type of cause it is divided into malignant and non-malignant pleural effusion. Cytological examination of pleural fluid to differentiate between malignant and non-malignant pleural effusion shows varying sensitivity. Research regarding the benefits of CEA and Cyfra 21-1 pleural fluid examination to detect malignant pleural effusion due to primary lung cancer in Indonesia is still very limited. The aims of this study is to determine the sensitivity and specificity of CEA and Cyfra 21-1 pleural fluid in diagnosing malignant pleural effusion due to primary lung camcer.

Methods …

Noninvasive Multi-Cancer Detection Using Blood-Based Cell-Free Micrornas, Jason Zhang, Hallgeir Rui, Hai Hu

Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

Patients diagnosed with early-stage cancers have a substantially higher chance of survival than those with late-stage diseases. However, the option for early cancer screening is limited, with most cancer types lacking an effective screening tool. Here we report a miRNA-based blood test for multi-cancer early detection based on examination of serum microRNA microarray data from cancer patients and controls. First, a large multi-cancer training set that included 1,408 patients across 7 cancer types and 1,408 age- and gender-matched non-cancer controls was used to develop a 4-microRNA diagnostic model using 10-fold cross-validation. In three independent validation sets comprising a total of …

A Systematic Review On The Techniques, Long-Term Outcomes, And Complications Of Partial Breast Irradiation After Breast-Conserving Surgery For Early-Stage Breast Cancer, Jing Ning, Guanghui Cheng, Ning Wu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of four techniques of partial breast irradiation (PBI) including interstitial brachytherapy (ISBT), balloon-based brachytherapy (BBT), Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) in the treatment for early-stage breast cancer patients after breast-conserving surgery. A systematic search was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines using the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases. The inclusion criteria were clinical trials and observational studies that reported on outcome measures of principal PBI techniques. The methodological quality of the included research data was assessed using bias risk …

Cd8Α Structural Domains Enhance Gucy2c Car-T Cell Efficacy, Trevor R. Baybutt, Ariana A. Entezari, Adi Caspi, Ross E. Staudt, Robert D. Carlson, Scott A. Waldman, Adam E. Snook

Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

Despite success in treating some hematological malignancies, CAR-T cells have not yet produced similar outcomes in solid tumors due, in part, to the tumor microenvironment, poor persistence, and a paucity of suitable target antigens. Importantly, the impact of the CAR components on these challenges remains focused on the intracellular signaling and antigen-binding domains. In contrast, the flexible hinge and transmembrane domains have been commoditized and are the least studied components of the CAR. Here, we compared the hinge and transmembrane domains derived from either the CD8ɑ or CD28 molecule in identical GUCY2C-targeted third-generation designs for colorectal cancer. While these structural …

Ret Mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (Nsclc) In Association With Patients From Central America, Lily Z. Chen, William J. Gibson, Brian C. Boulmay

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

The rearranged during transfection (RET) gene is on chromosome 10 (10q11.2) and normally encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase that plays a role in the development of the kidney, nervous, and respiratory systems. Aberrant RET gene activation can occur through gene mutations, gene fusions, or over expression leading to uncontrolled cell growth and the development of malignancy. The RET gene was first identified in 1985 as a protooncogene playing a role in the pathogenesis of lymphoma, and mutations are now associated with numerous cancers including lung, thyroid, breast, colon, prostate, and kidney. Activating RET mutations are estimated to occur in 1-2% …

The P-Myh9/Usp22/Hif-1Α Axis Promotes Lenvatinib Resistance And Cancer Stemness In Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Qiaonan Shan, Lu Yin, Qifan Zhan, Jiongjie Yu, Sheng Pan, Jianyong Zhuo, Wei Zhou, Jiaqi Bao, Lincheng Zhang, Jiachen Hong, Jianan Xiang, Qingyang Que, Kangchen Chen, Shengjun Xu, Jingrui Wang, Yangbo Zhu, Bin He, Jingbang Wu, Haiyang Xie, Shusen Zheng, Tingting Feng, Sunbin Ling, Xiao Xu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Lenvatinib is a targeted drug used for first-line treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A deeper insight into the resistance mechanism of HCC against lenvatinib is urgently needed. In this study, we aimed to dissect the underlying mechanism of lenvatinib resistance (LR) and provide effective treatment strategies. We established an HCC model of acquired LR. Cell counting, migration, self-renewal ability, chemoresistance and expression of stemness genes were used to detect the stemness of HCC cells. Molecular and biochemical strategies such as RNA-sequencing, immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry and ubiquitination assays were used to explore the underlying mechanisms. Patient-derived HCC models and HCC samples …

Obesity-Facilitated Colon Cancer Progression Is Mediated By Increased Diacylglycerol O-Acyltransferases 1 And 2 Levels, Jenisha Ghimire, Morgan E. Collins, Patricia Snarski, Angelle N. King, Emmanuelle Ruiz, Rida Iftikhar, Harrison M. Penrose, Krzysztof Moroz, Tyler Rorison, Melody Baddoo, Muhammad Anas Naeem, Arnold H. Zea, Scott T. Magness, Erik F. Flemington, Susan E. Crawford, Suzana D. Savkovic

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The obesity epidemic is associated with increased colon cancer progression. As lipid droplets (LDs) fuel tumor growth, we aimed to determine the significance of diacyltransferases (diacylglycerol o-acyltransferases 1 and 2 [DGAT1/2]), responsible for LD biogenesis, in obesity-mediated colonic tumorigenesis. METHODS: Human colon cancer samples, colon cancer cells, colonospheres, and Apc colon cancer mouse model on a high-fat diet were employed. For DGAT1/2 inhibition, enzymatic inhibitors and small interfering RNA were used. Expression, pathways, cell cycle, and growth were assessed. Bioinformatic analyses of CUT&RUN and RNA sequencing data were performed. RESULTS: DGAT1/2 levels in human colon cancer tissue …

Adaptation Of The Socioecological Model To Address Disparities In Engagement Of Black Men In Prostate Cancer Genetic Testing, Amy Leader, Timothy Rebbeck, William Oh, Alpa Patel, Eric Winer, Leeann Bailey, Leonard Gomella, Crystal Lumpkins, Isla Garraway, Lisa Aiello, Monica Baskin, Heather H Cheng, Kathleen Cooney, Amanda Ganzak, Daniel George, Susan Halabi, Feighanne Hathaway, Claire Healy, Joseph W Kim, Michael Leapman, Stacy Loeb, Kara Maxwell, Christopher Mcnair, Todd Morgan, Breanne Prindeville, Howard R Soule, Whitney Steward, Sakinah Suttiratana, Mary-Ellen Taplin, Kosj Yamoah, Thierry Fortune, Kris Bennett, Joshua Blanding-Godbolt, Laura Gross, Veda Giri

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Black men consistently have higher rates of prostate cancer (PCA)- related mortality. Advances in PCA treatment, screening, and hereditary cancer assessment center around germline testing (GT). Of concern is the significant under-engagement of Black males in PCA GT, limiting the benefit of precision therapy and tailored cancer screening despite longstanding awareness of these disparities. To address these critical disparities, the Socioecological Model (SEM) was employed to develop comprehensive recommendations to overcome barriers and implement equitable strategies to engage Black males in PCA GT.

METHODS: Clinical/research experts, national organization leaders, and community stakeholders spanning multiple regions in US and Africa …

Impact Of An Online Decision Support Tool For Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (Dcis) Using A Pre-Post Design (Aft-25), Elissa Ozanne, Kellyn Maves, Angela Tramontano, Thomas Lynch, Alastair Thompson, Ann Partridge, Elizabeth Frank, Deborah Collyar, Desiree Basila, Donna Pinto, Terry Hyslop, Marc Ryser, Shoshana Rosenberg, E. Shelley Hwang, Rinaa Punglia

Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: The heterogeneous biology of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), as well as the variable outcomes, in the setting of numerous treatment options have led to prognostic uncertainty. Consequently, making treatment decisions is challenging and necessitates involved communication between patient and provider about the risks and benefits. We developed and investigated an interactive decision support tool (DST) designed to improve communication of treatment options and related long-term risks for individuals diagnosed with DCIS.

FINDINGS: The DST was developed for use by individuals aged > 40 years with DCIS and is based on a disease simulation model that integrates empirical data and …

Development Of Message Passing-Based Graph Convolutional Networks For Classifying Cancer Pathology Reports, Hong Jun Yoon, Hilda B. Klasky, Andrew E Blanchard, J. Blair Christian, Eric B Durbin, Xiao Cheng Wu, Antoinette Stroup, Jennifer Doherty, Linda Coyle, Lynne Penberthy, Georgia D Tourassi

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Background: Applying graph convolutional networks (GCN) to the classification of free-form natural language texts leveraged by graph-of-words features (TextGCN) was studied and confirmed to be an effective means of describing complex natural language texts. However, the text classification models based on the TextGCN possess weaknesses in terms of memory consumption and model dissemination and distribution. In this paper, we present a fast message passing network (FastMPN), implementing a GCN with message passing architecture that provides versatility and flexibility by allowing trainable node embedding and edge weights, helping the GCN model find the better solution. We applied the FastMPN model to …

Concurrent Challenges: New-Onset Type 2 Diabetes And Invasive Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report, Abhishekh Pokhrel, Alexa Lissete Zarate, Sobia Hassan Memon, Everardo Cobos

Research Colloquium

Background: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a highly aggressive cancer with a five-year survival rate of about 10%, and is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Approximately 53% of patients are diagnosed at stage IV, characterized by distant metastasis to common sites such as the liver and lungs. Liver metastases occur in 60-70% of metastatic cases, while lung metastases are seen in 10-15% of patients. The median survival for stage IV patients is typically around 3 to 6 months, with current treatments primarily focused on palliation. Advances in chemotherapy offer modest survival benefits, but early detection and …

A Smart Water Bottle And Companion App (Hidratespark 3) To Improve Bladder-Filling Compliance In Patients With Prostate Cancer Receiving Radiotherapy: Nonrandomized Trial Of Feasibility And Acceptability, William Jin, Christopher Montoya, Benjamin James Rich, Crystal Seldon Taswell, Miguel Noy, Deukwoo Kwon, Benjamin Spieler, Brandon Mahal, Matthew Abramowitz, Raphael Yechieli, Alan Pollack, Alan Dal Pra

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Patients with prostate cancer undergoing radiation therapy (RT) need comfortably full bladders to reduce toxicities during treatment. Poor compliance is common with standard of care written or verbal instructions, leading to wasted patient value (PV) and clinic resources via poor throughput efficiency (TE).

Objective: Herein, we assessed the feasibility and acceptability of a smartphone-based behavioral intervention (SBI) to improve bladder-filling compliance and methods for quantifying PV and TE.

Methods: In total, 36 patients with prostate cancer were enrolled in a single-institution, closed-access, nonrandomized feasibility trial. The SBI consists of a fully automated smart water bottle and smartphone app. Both …

Treatment Of Acute Myeloid Leukemia In The Community Setting, Taha Al-Juhaishi, Servillano Dela Cruz, Rohan Gupta, Gina Keiffer, Vicki Morrison, Iuliana Shapira, Ashley Woods, Kelly Norsworthy, Romeo Angelo De Claro, Marc Theoret, Ravin Garg, Elizabeth Dianne Pulte

Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers

The treatment landscape for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is rapidly changing. Many new agents and lower-intensity regimens have been approved and can be safely used by hematologists and oncologists in both academic and community settings. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) held a virtual symposium on AML treatment in the community in November 2022. Several members of the FDA, along with practicing hematologists and oncologists in both academic and community settings, participated in the symposium. The goal of the symposium was to discuss challenges and opportunities in the treatment of patients with AML in community oncology settings. A summary …

Neoadjuvant Parpi Or Chemotherapy In Ovarian Cancer Informs Targeting Effector Treg Cells For Homologous-Recombination-Deficient Tumors, Yikai Luo, Yu Xia, Dan Liu, Xiong Li, Huayi Li, Jiahao Liu, Dongchen Zhou, Yu Dong, Xin Li, Yiyu Qian, Cheng Xu, Kangjia Tao, Guannan Li, Wen Pan, Qing Zhong, Xingzhe Liu, Sen Xu, Zhi Wang, Ronghua Liu, Wei Zhang, Wanying Shan, Tian Fang, Siyuan Wang, Zikun Peng, Ping Jin, Ning Jin, Shennan Shi, Yuxin Chen, Mengjie Wang, Xiaofei Jiao, Mengshi Luo, Wenjian Gong, Ya Wang, Yue Yao, Yi Zhao, Xinlin Huang, Xuwo Ji, Zhaoren He, Guangnian Zhao, Rong Liu, Mingfu Wu, Gang Chen, Li Hong, Cocpo Consortium, Ding Ma, Yong Fang, Han Liang, Qinglei Gao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) is prevalent in cancer, sensitizing tumor cells to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition. However, the impact of HRD and related therapies on the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains elusive. Our study generates single-cell gene expression and T cell receptor profiles, along with validatory multimodal datasets from >100 high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) samples, primarily from a phase II clinical trial (NCT04507841). Neoadjuvant monotherapy with the PARP inhibitor (PARPi) niraparib achieves impressive 62.5% and 73.6% response rates per RECIST v.1.1 and GCIG CA125, respectively. We identify effector regulatory T cells (eTregs) as key responders to HRD …

Clinical Practice Guideline-Inconsistent Chemotherapy-Induced Vomiting Prophylaxis In Pediatric Cancer Patients In Community Settings: A Children's Oncology Group Study, Aaron J. Sugalski, Allison C. Grimes, Michelle M. Nuño, Subhash Ramakrishnan, Melissa P. Beauchemin, Paula D. Robinson, Nancy Santesso, Alexandra M. Walsh, Andrea R. Wrightson, Lolie C. Yu, Susan K. Parsons, Lillian Sung, L. Lee Dupuis

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: This study aimed to determine the proportion of patients receiving clinical practice guideline (CPG)-inconsistent care related to chemotherapy-induced vomiting (CIV) prophylaxis, and to describe the association between CPG-inconsistent care and site size. The association between delivery of CPG-inconsistent care and patient outcomes (CIV control, admission prolongation, and unplanned healthcare visits) was also described. Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted at Children's Oncology Group (COG) National Cancer Institute Community Oncology Research Program (NCORP) sites. Eligible patients received highly (HEC) or moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC) as inpatients from January 2014 through December 2015, and were previously enrolled in a COG …