Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications Commons^™

Human Papillomavirus And The Gardasil Vaccine: Medicalization And The Gendering Of Bodies And Bodily Risk, Lauren Camara

Laurier Undergraduate Journal of the Arts

No abstract provided.

The Mucosal Expression Pattern Of Interferon-Ε In Rhesus Macaques, Andrew Demers, Guobin Kang, Fangrui Ma, Wuxun Lu, Zhe Yuan, Yue Li, Mark Lewis, Edmundo N. Kraiselburd, Luis Montaner, Qingsheng Li

Qingsheng Li Publications

Type I IFNs play an important role in innate and adaptive immunity against viral infections. A novel type I IFN, namely IFN-ε, which can protect against vaginal transmission of HSV2 and Chlamydia muridarum bacterial infection, has been described in mice and humans. Nevertheless, the principle cell type and the expression pattern of IFN-ε in tissues remain uncertain. In addition, the expression of IFN-ε in Indian rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) has not been reported. Here, we analyzed IFN-ε expression in multiple mucosal sites of uninfected or SIV-infected Indian rhesus macaques using IHCS. We report for the first time the …

Study Of Intuitive Eating Ratings And Self-Efficacy Differences In Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (Pcos), Meaghan Ormsby Schillinger

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Background: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder, which if left untreated can lead to infertility and diabetes.

Objective: To determine whether women with PCOS who practice intuitive eating skills are more confident in sustaining healthy lifestyle changes.

Methods: A web-based survey was completed by 120 women with PCOS. Bivariate associations between the self-efficacy and intuitive eating scales was investigated using scatterplots, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and a simple linear regression model. Ratings on the intuitive eating scale were dichotomized as high or low and self-efficacy ratings were compared.

Results: Of the 120 responses, 89% of …

Anterior Cervical Foraminotomy: Short Term Outcomes In Patients With Isolated Cervical Radiculopathy, Howard Eisenbrock, Mark Rivkin, Amir R. Dehdashti

Research Day

Intro: Anterior cervical foraminotomy (ACF) is a novel approach involving direct decompression of nerve from an offending agent without fusion. Historically, several anterior and posterior approaches were utilized to treat cervical radiculopathy. Anterior cervical discectomy necessitates fusion and is subject to adjacent segment disease as well as loss of ROM. Posterior laminoforaminotomy seldom allows for removal of disc fragment and is associated with higher postoperative pain.

Methods: Between May 2010 and March 2013, 16 patients with one or two level cervical spondylosis with radiculopathy without myelopathy who failed conservative therapies such as anti-inflammatory medications, physical therapy or injections underwent anterior …

The Development Of A Comprehensive Antifungal Susceptibility Testing Assay For Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Therapy, David Hardaker

Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Theses and Dissertations

Vulvovaginal candidiasis is the most common fungal infection of the female urogenital tract, commonly caused by Candida albicans and C. glabrata. However, treatment can be difficult when caused by non-albicans strains due to resistance to the oral antifungal drug fluconazole. The mechanism through which strains of Candida, particularly C. glabrata, develop resistance to different antifungal classes has not been completely characterized. The ergosterol biosynthesis pathway, an important component of the cell membrane, is the major target of antifungals such as fluconazole, an inhibitor of the ERG 11 gene. Current research shows that an upregulation of specific genes in C. glabrata …

Body Mass And Depression Among Mississippi Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Laurel A. Bruce

Honors Theses

Objective

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between body mass and depression among Mississippi women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).

Methods

Ten women participated in this study. Data was collected by online survey. The survey was distributed to eligible participants on pcoschallenge.com, a support network for women with PCOS. The survey included the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) questionnaire as well as five additional questions that asked the participants to report their weight, height, comorbidities, age, and race. The CES-D score provided a measurement for depression while the participant’s weight and height allowed the researcher …

A Risk Prediction Model For The Assessment And Triage Of Women With Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy In Low-Resourced Settings: The Minipiers (Pre-Eclampsia Integrated Estimate Of Risk) Multi-Country Prospective Cohort Study, Beth A. Payne, Jennifer A. Hutcheon, J. Mark Ansermino, David R. Hall, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Shereen Z. Bhutta, Christine Biryabarema, William A. Grobman, Henk Groen, Farizah Haniff, Jing Li, Laura A. Magee, Mario Merialdi, Annettee Nakimuli, Ziguang Qu, Rozina Sikandar Sultanali, Nelson Sass, Diane Sawchuck, D. Wilhelm Steyn, Mariana Widmer, Jian Zhou, Peter Von Dadelszen

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Background: Pre-eclampsia/eclampsia are leading causes of maternal mortality and morbidity, particularly in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs). We developed the miniPIERS risk prediction model to provide a simple, evidence-based tool to identify pregnant women in LMICs at increased risk of death or major hypertensive-related complications.

Methods and Findings: From 1 July 2008 to 31 March 2012, in five LMICs, data were collected prospectively on 2,081 women with any hypertensive disorder of pregnancy admitted to a participating centre. Candidate predictors collected within 24 hours of admission were entered into a step-wise backward elimination logistic regression model to predict a composite …

Is Magnetic Stimulation Effective In Treating Urinary Incontinence?, Sydney Brandtomies

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this selective EBM review is to determine whether or not Magnetic stimulation is an effective treatment for women with urinary incontinence.

STUDY DESIGN: Review of three published, randomized controlled trials (two double-blind and one single blinded), all English language.

DATA SOURCES: The three randomized controlled trials that were used for this review were found using PubMed and EBSCOhost. Articles were selected based on relevance and that the outcomes of the studies mattered to patients.

OUTCOME(S) MEASURED: Improvement of urinary incontinence measured by pad-tests and questionnaires.

RESULTS: The results of the But …

Is Famciclovir Superior To Valacyclovir As A Treatment For Recurrent Gential Herpes In Reducing Outbreak Duration And Frequency?, Snow Feng

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this selective EBM review is to determine “Is famciclovir superior to valacyclovir as a treatment for recurrent genital herpes in reducing outbreak duration and frequency?”

STUDY DESIGN: This review is based on three double-blind, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in 2006, 2008, and 2009. The studies compared the efficacy and safety of famciclovir (FCV) vs. valacyclovir (VCV) in the treatment of genital herpes.

DATA SOURCES: All articles used were published in English, in peer-reviewed journals, and found using PubMed.

OUTCOMES MEASURED: The effectiveness of famciclovir and valacyclovir was evaluated based on the …

Is Acupuncture Effective In The Prophylaxis Of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections In Adult Women?, Caitlin E. Mumford

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this selective EBM review is to determine whether or not acupuncture is effective in the prophylaxis of recurrent urinary infections in adult women.

STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review of three English language primary studies, published between 1998 and 2003.

DATA SOURCES: Three randomized, controlled trials published after 1996, comparing acupuncture to placebo in the prophylaxis of urinary tract infections were obtained using EBSCOhost and PubMed.

OUTCOMES MEASURED: All three studies measured incidence or absence of urinary tract infections, as defined by distal urinary symptoms and/or bacteriuria of ≥ 105 cfu/ml.

RESULTS: Three …

The Predictive Value Of Renal Ultrasound Of Vesicoureteral Reflux After First Urinary Tract Infection In Neonates And Infants 0-24 Months, Richard J. Mazzaccaro Md, Michael J. Weiss Mph

Department of Pediatrics

No abstract provided.

Wilson’S Disease In Pregnancy: Case Series And Review Of Literature, Ayesha Malik, Ali Khawaja, Lumaan Sheikh

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Background: Wilson’s disease is a rare, autosomal recessive inherited disorder characterized by impaired liver metabolism of copper leading to decreased biliary excretion and incorporation of ceruloplasmin levels mainly in the liver and brain. Untreated Wilson’s disease has been shown to cause subfertility and even in cases where pregnancy occurs, it often results in spontaneous miscarriage.

Case presentations: We present four cases of successful pregnancy outcomes in three patients diagnosed with Wilson’s disease along with the literature review. All the patients were managed with zinc sulphate without any postnatal complications.

Conclusion: Patients with Wilson’s disease receiving regular treatment who remain asymptomatic …

A Review Of Comparison Of Complications Of Vaginal Hysterectomy With And Without Concomitant Surgery For Sui: A 5 Years’ Experience At A Tertiary Care Hospital Of Pakistan, Raheela Mohsin Rizvi, Munnazza Akhtar, Nadeem F. Zuberi

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Objective. The study was performed to review the complications of surgery for POP with or without surgery for SUI. This included the need for second procedure two years after the primary surgery. Study Design. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional comparative study at the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) was used to identify women who underwent vaginal hysterectomy with anterior/posterior repair alone and those with concomitant tension-free vaginal tape surgery for urodynamic stress incontinence. Results. The 28 cases of VH/repair combined with TVT were compared for complications with 430 cases of VH …

Does Metformin Use During Pregnancy Effectively Reduce The Rate Of Early Pregnancy Loss In Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome?, Inna Prikhodko

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this selective EBM review is to determine “Does Metformin use during pregnancy effectively reduce the rate of early pregnancy loss in women with polycystic ovary syndrome?”

STUDY DESIGN: This review is based on two primary double-blind, randomized controlled trials and a prospective controlled trial that was not randomized or blinded to evaluate whether metformin, a medication used to manage PCOS, can also prevent early pregnancy loss in women with PCOS.

DATA SOURCES: All articles used were published in English, in peer-reviewed journals, and located through PubMed, OVID and COCHRANE databases..

OUTCOMES MEASURED: …

Is Transdermal Glyceryl Trinitrate A Safe And Effective Treatment For Primary Dysmenorrhea?, Sarah E. Visich

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this selective evidence based medicine review is to determine whether or not transdermal glyceryl trinitrate is a safe and effective treatment for primary dysmenorrhea.

STUDY DESIGN: Review of two English language randomized control trials (RCTs) published in 1996 and 1999 and one English language pilot study in 1997.

DATA SOURCES: Two double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled cross-over studies and one pilot study comparing transdermal glyceryl trinitrate to placebo were found using PubMed, Medline and OVID.

OUTCOME MEASURED: Outcomes measured were based on pain intensity scores (PID) assessed on a visual analog scale and the …

The Role Of Misoprostol In The Reduction Of Maternal Deaths In Low Resource Settings: A Systematic Review With Recommendations For Action, Melissa Anne Mcmillian

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Objective: The purpose of this systematic review is to determine the role misoprostol currently plays in the reduction of maternal deaths and implications for the future reduction of maternal deaths in low resource settings.

Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature was performed using the following databases: The Cochrane Database, Ebsco, MEDLINE, PubMed, and Electronic Journal Center (EJC). Articles were excluded based upon date published, overt data changes since publication, and setting of misoprostol interventions in tertiary or referral centers that have access to oxytocin. A total of 61 articles were included from 2002-2012 and demonstrated several methodologies and study …

Morbidities Of Cervical Cerclage: Experience At A Tertiary Referral Center, Saba Mubasshir, Shama Munim, Ghulam Zainab

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

The Perinatal morbidity and mortality associated with pre-term delivery is well known. Cervical incompetence or short cervix is a risk factor for the condition and cervical cerclage is the management option for such cases. The objective of the study was to determine the frequency of operative morbidities of cervical cerclage. All women undergoing cervical cerclage from April 2007 to December 2009 at the Aga Khan University Hospital served as the study subjects. Findings suggested that the risk of developing ruptured membranes after cervical cerclage was 10% and that of pregnancy loss was 8.6%. The risk of cerclage-associated complications like rupture …

Human Papillomavirus: How Social Ideologies Influence Medical Policy And Care, Fadi Hachem

Annual Undergraduate Conference on Health and Society

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the ways in which new advances in the production of a vaccine against human papillomavirus (HPV) have been received by both the general public and the medical community. Despite its high prevalence in the general population, as a sexually transmitted infection, there is a great deal of shame and stigma associated with contracting the virus (Waller, et. al. 2007). HPV is a disease of disparities in that ethnic and sexual minorities are disproportionately affected. Since the HPV vaccine is most effective at both a younger age, and before the first sexual experience, …

Puerperal Fever From Hippocrates To Pasteur, Hunter A. Hammill

Houston History of Medicine Lectures (2006-2012)

The death of a mother in childbirth leaving a newborn deserted is a sort of a desecration. This was a frequent event for early physicians. It was felt to be caused by miasmas or punishment from the gods. DaVinci felt the cause was milk stasis, Hippocrates - lochia, Virchow - weather. Then came Semmelweis, Pasteur and Lister. They started a battle with ignorance, hospital administration, budget and academic politics. Ending with the murder of Semmelweis!

Factors Associated With Failed Induction Of Labour In A Secondary Care Hospital, Neelofur Babar Khan, Iffat Ahmed, Ayesha Malik, Lumaan Sheikh

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Objective: To assess the factors associated with failed induction of labour (IOL) in a secondary care hospital.
Method: This is a retrospective cross sectional study on women admitted for labour induction in Aga Khan Hospital for women Karimabad from 1st Jan, 2009 to 31st Dec, 2009. Induction was considered successful if the patient delivered vaginally and failed if it ended up in Caesarean Section.
Result: Eighteen percent of our pregnant population who underwent induction of labour failed to deliver vaginally. About 25% of 328 nulliparous women had failed induction. With a Bishop score of <5 in 84.3%. In 28.2% with prolonged latent phase of more than 20 hours in Caesarean section had to be performed.
Conclusion: Nulliparity, poor Bishop score and …