Endocrine System Diseases Commons^™

Prompt Thyroid Hormone Replacement Reversing Severe Bradycardia & Syncope, Cassie R. Girardin, George Vega, Rohail Baig

Advances in Clinical Medical Research and Healthcare Delivery

Thyroid disease, particularly hypothyroidism, can significantly affect the cardiovascular system, leading to structural, functional, and conduction abnormalities. Hypothyroidism decreases inotropy and chronotropy and may cause bradycardia or conduction defects. Although these changes are typically reversible with thyroid hormone replacement, severe cases may necessitate pacemaker placement. This case describes an 82-year-old female with hypothyroidism, atrial fibrillation, and left bundle branch block (LBBB) who presented with recurrent syncope due to hypothyroidism-induced bradycardia with sinus pauses. Her symptoms resolved with thyroid hormone optimization, highlighting the importance of prompt recognition and treatment of hypothyroidism-related cardiac manifestations to prevent unnecessary pacemaker implantation.

Are Berberine-Based Treatments Effective In Reducing Hemoglobin A1c (Hba1c%) In Adults With Type Ii Diabetes?, Queenie Douangpraseuth

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this selective EBM review is to determine whether or not “Are berberine-based treatments effective in reducing Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c%) in adults with type 2 diabetes?”

STUDY DESIGN: A review of 3 randomized control trials (RCTs) published between 2015 to 2020 DATA SOURCES: Articles were found on PubMed and Google scholar. Selected articles were published in peer-reviewed journals in English and were chosen based on applicability to clinical questions posed in the objective and meeting inclusion criteria.

OUTCOMES MEASURED: All three RCTs measured the mean HbA1c% over time. A blood sample is taken and laboratory tests are …

Sglt2 Inhibitors In Diabetes Management: Mechanisms, Clinical Benefits, And Expanding Therapeutic Frontiers, Naiyer Shahzad, Nahla Ayoub

Saudi Toxicology Journal

The kidneys play a vital role in renal glucose reabsorption, with the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) in the proximal renal tubules performing a crucial function in reabsorbing glucose into the bloodstream. SGLT2-selective inhibitors are a new class of oral antidiabetic drugs that enhance glycemic control in diabetic patients by blocking glucose reabsorption. These drugs are primarily developed to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This review summarizes the latest preclinical and clinical trials on SGLT2 inhibitors. These new oral antidiabetic agents effectively and selectively block SGLT2, leading to a reduction in blood glucose levels and HbA1c in both diabetic animal models …

Rab5c Increases Endothelial Release Of Vwf By Regulating Vesicle Trafficking, Paula Reventun, Pablo Toledano-Sanz, Maria Delgado-Marin, Maria Viskadourou, D Brian Foster, Paul S De Vries, Maria Sabater-Lleal, Nunzio Alcharani, Claudia Gonzalez-Cucharero, William O Osburn, Alanna C Morrison, Alisa S Wolberg, Nicholas L Smith, Marios Arvanitis, Charles J Lowenstein

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Abnormal levels of VWF (von Willebrand Factor) are a risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE) and bleeding. Genome-wide association studies for VWF have identified novel candidate genes that may regulate VWF levels in humans, including RAB5C (RAS-associated protein RAB5C). We hypothesized that RAB5C regulates VWF release from endothelial cells.

Methods: We studied the effect of RAB5C on vesicle trafficking in human endothelial cells. We performed CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) interference targeting 2 genetic variants linked to altered VWF levels and evaluated RAB5C expression by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. We silenced RAB5C or overexpressed RAB5C wild-type, …

Fda Approval Of The Eversense 365 Continuous Glucose Monitoring System: A New Era In Long-Term Glucose Monitoring, Kiley Devoll, Alexander Defranco, Kennedy Kosikowski, Anna Spalvieri, Macy Davis, Connor Dains, Brenna Hissong, Emily Eddy

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Eversense 365 is an implantable continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system designed to provide accurate glucose measurements for up to 365 days. Current clinical guidelines recommend CGM use for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with evidence demonstrating benefit in patients with T2DM regardless of concurrent insulin use. Healthcare providers play a key role in patient education and are well-positioned to support the adoption of long-term CGM technologies, including Eversense 365. The safety and efficacy of the 365-day CGM have been evaluated across a series of clinical trials, which demonstrate clinically meaningful improvements in …

Alcohol And The Endocrine System: A Critical Review Of Disruptions, Potential Mechanisms, And Health Implications, Patricia E. Molina, Liz Simon

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

The endocrine system coordinates and integrates cellular activity throughout the body by regulating cellular and organ function and maintaining homeostasis. Homeostasis, the dynamic maintenance of internal balance despite changing external or internal conditions, is essential for proper cellular function. The endocrine system achieves this through a complex regulatory network of hormone-mediated signaling among multiple endocrine organs, relying on precisely regulated synthesis and release of hormones and specific hormone-receptor interactions. Endocrine-mediated actions coordinate critical physiological processes, including growth, metabolism, reproduction, stress adaptation, and circadian rhythms throughout the lifespan. Endocrine glands—such as the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid glands, pancreas, adrenal glands, and …

Subcutaneous Insulin Use In Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Patrick Mcgrath

Lynchburg Journal of Medical Science

The reviewed literature focuses on the clinical application of subcutaneous (SQ) insulin, particularly rapid-acting insulin analogs (RAIAs), in treating selected patients with mild to moderate diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The use of SQ insulin offers a viable alternative to traditional intravenous (IV) insulin infusions, enabling DKA management outside intensive care unit (ICU) settings and reducing healthcare resource utilization. Current DKA management protocols emphasize comprehensive fluid resuscitation and correction of electrolyte imbalances, with IV regular insulin administered at 0.1 units/kg/hour. This review synthesizes findings from multicenter cohort studies, meta-analyses, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) available via PubMed, focusing on adult patients diagnosed …

Watery Diarrhea And Hypotension: A Missed Clue To Adrenal Crisis In A Patient With Addison's Disease, Wafa Mehboob, Umema Irfan, Keyaben Patel

Gulf Coast Division GME Research Day 2026

No abstract provided.

Hidden In The Hilum: A Rare Case Of Mediastinal Mucormycosis In A Patient With Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus, Neethu George, Anusha Putta, Harikaran Ragireddy

Gulf Coast Division GME Research Day 2026

No abstract provided.

Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis (Eudka) Is A Rare But Serious, Potentially Fatal Complication Of Sglt2 Inhibitors, Praise Ohabor, Alexis Lopez Cruz, Zuhair Ali

Gulf Coast Division GME Research Day 2026

No abstract provided.

Retrospective Analysis And Glp-1 Usage And Thyroid Cancer, Kyle Distler, Suzanne Martinez, Des'ree Garvin, Aysu Erdemir, Jyoti Moorjani, Jean Ramos Cardona, Patrick Bailey, Jacqueline Gilmore

South Atlantic Division GME Research Days 2026

No abstract provided.

Adrenocortical Adenoma, Carcinoma And Pheochromocytoma In A Mother–Daughter Pair Due To A Pathogenic Msh6 Variant, Radhika Mathur, Fabio R. Faucz, Meredith Larue, Tiffany Burnett, Girish Rachakonda, Alejandra Kalik, John Finan, Constantine A. Stratakis, Tobias Carling

West Florida Division GME Research Day 2026

No abstract provided.

Survival Outcomes Following Thyroidectomy In Secondary Thyroidal Metastases, Hannan Maqsood, Tanya Odisho, Yaqeen Qudah, Umar Butt, Awni Shahait

North Texas GME Research Forum 2026

Background: The management plan for metastasis to the thyroid from distant primary malignancies remains unclear. Methods: This systematic review is being conducted to evaluate the outcomes for performing thyroidectomy in non thyroidal metastatic cancer. Data: Data was collected via literature search using pubmed, cochrane, web of science, and google scholar.

PICO:

• Population: Patients undergoing thyroidectomy in nonthyroidal metastatic from distal primary cancer
• Intervention: Thyroidectomy (lobar/total)
• Comparison: No comparison group
• Outcomes: Overall survival Locoregional Recurrence Mortality

Results: As per literature review, renal cell carcinoma was most common, (around 30-35%) patients, followed by lung and gastrointestinal malignancies. Surgical management was associated with …

Profound Myxedema Coma Without Vital Sign Derangements: A Case Report Of Extreme Hypothyroidism And Pituitary Macroadenoma, Christina Mie Minami, Than Sein, Lucas Choy, Dmitriy Scherbak

Continental and Mountain Divisions GME Resarch Day 2026

No abstract provided.

Hypercalcemia Due To Hyperparathyroidism In Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A Case Report, Geonho Koh, Ryan Ansari, Amit Kashyap

MidAmerica Division GME Healthcare Symposium 2026

No abstract provided.

Health Disparities In Cardiovascular Care: The Impact Of Diabetes Education And Post-Discharge Interventions For African American Adults At Risk For And After Myocardial Infarction, Trinity L. Billingsley

Nursing | Senior Theses

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States, affecting African American adults at higher rates compared to other racial and ethnic groups. Diabetes as a comorbidity is one of the risk factors of experiencing a myocardial infarction, remaining one of the leading causes of death among individuals with diabetes. Objective: To examine the effectiveness of structured diabetes education tailored to African American adults who are at risk for and after a myocardial infarction. Additionally assessing the complications of a myocardial infarction, the outcomes associated with structured education will be compared to the outcomes of …

A Rare Case Of Hashimoto Encephalopathy Disguised As Rapidly Progressive Dementia, Sai Santosh Sreenivasan, Kristen Howerton, Monicka S. Felix

West Florida Division GME Research Day 2026

No abstract provided.

Cost Effectiveness Of Lifestyle Program For Diabetes Remission In The Era Of Glp-1, Prasanthi Tondapu, Haasini Sunkavalli, Micaela C. Karlsen, Kara L. Staffier, Kathryn J. Pollard, Surabhi Naik

North Texas GME Research Forum 2026

BACKGROUND: GLP-1 receptor agonists are popular for managing type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity but are costly and can result in side effects including weight rebound. Intensive therapeutic lifestyle change (ITLC) programs present an effective alternative, facilitating an HbA1C (A1C) less than 6.5% for 3 months without medication and long-term weight control.

CASE PRESENTATION: We present a 69-year-old Black man with T2D, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, obesity, and sleep apnea. In 2023, he was hospitalized with a blood glucose of 800 mg/dL and A1C 10.8% and discharged on insulin. And, with a BMI of 32 kg/m2 and weight of 238.6 …

Association Of Glp-1 Receptor Agonist Use With Postoperative Outcomes After Rotator Cuff Repair In Patients With Diabetes: A Propensity Score–Matched Analysis, Mckenna W. Box, Troy B. Puga, Hans Drawbert, Aysu Erdemir, John T. Riehl

North Texas GME Research Forum 2026

Background Diabetes impairs tendon healing after rotator cuff repair (RCR), with early postoperative poor glycemic control linked to a higher failure risk in studies. GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are increasingly used for glycemic control. Preclinical studies indicate that GLP-1RA may benefit rotator cuff healing through anti-inflammatory mechanisms as well. However, real-world data on the effects of GLP-1RAs on RCR outcomes remain incompletely understood.

Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study using an institutional dataset (01/01/2016 to 09/30/2024) of adults aged 18-74 years with type 2 diabetes who underwent RCR. GLP-1RA exposure was established by home medication lists. Patients with autoimmune …

Impact Of Dapagliflozin On Diastolic Function In Asymptomatic Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Observational Study, Pankti Shah, Kumar Abhishek, Pratyush Kumar, Aradhana Pandey

MidAmerica Division GME Healthcare Symposium 2026

No abstract provided.