Cardiovascular Diseases Commons^™

Hippo Pathway Knockdown Gene Therapy In The Heart, Todd R Heallen, James F Martin

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

No abstract provided.

Interruption Of The Tricuspid Regurgitant Jet: A Possible Consequence Of Reflected Waves, Saad Ngoga, Nicole Schulick, J. Christopher Bouwmeester, Jiun-Jr Wang, Gregg S. Pressman

Einstein Health Papers

Reflected pressure waves can impact central aortic pressure, and can cause notching of the pulmonic valve Doppler signal. However, reflected waves in the venous system usually do not achieve a high enough velocity to alter Doppler flow patterns. Herein we report a case of systolic notching of the tricuspid regurgitant signal that likely resulted from reflected venous waves.

It Takes A Big Heart To Shape Atrophic Hepatocytes: Hypoxic Hepatitis Secondary To Congestive Heart Failure, Lina Pedraza Sanchez, Jose Rivera, Cynthia Rivas, Grigoriy Rapoport, Michelle Lopez

Research Colloquium

Introduction: Hypoxic hepatitis (HH) also known as ischemic hepatitis is the result of a hypoperfusion state during diffuse hepatic injury¹. The incidence of HH is 2:1000 of patients within any hospital care level. 94% of HH are related to chronic heart failure (HF). In this setting, hepatic dysfunction occurs as a result of passive venous congestion². The most common predisposing factors are acute heart failure and shock states, however, more than half of the cases are not related to any hemodynamic change, thus, underrecognized.

Case description: A 77-year-old woman is admitted to the hospital for acute …

A Case Of Device Lead Induced Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation And Right-Sided Heart Failure, Nina Shyama Appareddy, Michaela Iglesia, Ayman Khaddam, Henry Kwang, Eduardo D. Flores

Research Colloquium

Background: Interference of device leads with closure of the tricuspid leaflets can cause severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) and right-sided heart failure, as can heart failure with reduced LV function (HfrEF), and left sided valve disease.

Case Presentation: A 78-year-old male with history of coronary artery disease s/p remote coronary bypass, ischemic cardiomyopathy with left ventricular ejection fraction 35-40%, and inducible ventricular tachycardia status post defibrillator presented with worsening dyspnea on exertion, easy fatigue, lower extremity pitting edema, anasarca, abdominal bloating and new systolic murmurs at the right upper and left lower sternal borders. An Echocardiogram demonstrated severe aortic stenosis with …

Mathematical Modeling Of Radiotherapy: Impact Of Model Selection On Estimating Minimum Radiation Dose For Tumor Control, Achyudhan R Kutuva, Jimmy J Caudell, Kosj Yamoah, Heiko Enderling, Mohammad U Zahid

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Radiation therapy (RT) is one of the most common anticancer therapies. Yet, current radiation oncology practice does not adapt RT dose for individual patients, despite wide interpatient variability in radiosensitivity and accompanying treatment response. We have previously shown that mechanistic mathematical modeling of tumor volume dynamics can simulate volumetric response to RT for individual patients and estimation personalized RT dose for optimal tumor volume reduction. However, understanding the implications of the choice of the underlying RT response model is critical when calculating personalized RT dose.

METHODS: In this study, we evaluate the mathematical implications and biological effects of 2 …

Association Of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease, Hypertension, Diabetes, And Hyperlipidemia With Gulf War Illness Among Gulf War Veterans, Sarah T Ahmed, Ruosha Li, Peter Richardson, Saurendro Ghosh, Lea Steele, Donna L White, Alice Nono Djotsa, Kellie Sims, Elizabeth Gifford, Elizabeth R Hauser, Salim S Virani, Robert Morgan, George Delclos, Drew A Helmer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Approximately 30% of the 700 000 Gulf War veterans report a chronic symptom-based illness of varying severity referred to as Gulf War illness (GWI). toxic deployment-related exposures have been implicated in the cause of GWI, some of which contribute to metabolic dysregulation and lipid abnormalities. As this cohort ages, the relationship between GWI and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a growing concern. We evaluated associations between GWI and ASCVD, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension in veterans of the Gulf War (1990-1991).

METHODS AND RESULTS: Analysis of survey data collected in 2014 to 2016 from a national sample of deployed Gulf …

Vertebral Tortuosity Is Associated With Increased Rate Of Cardiovascular Events In Vascular Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, Sara B Stephens, Sherene Shalhub, Nicholas Dodd, Jesse Li, Michael Huang, Seitaro Oda, Kalyan Kancherla, Tam T Doan, Siddharth K Prakash, Justin D Weigand, Federico M Asch, Taylor Beecroft, Alana Cecchi, Teniola Shittu, Liliana Preiss, Scott A Lemaire, Richard B Devereux, Reed E Pyeritz, Kathryn W Holmes, Mary J Roman, Ronald V Lacro, Ralph V Shohet, Rajesh Krishnamurthy, Kim Eagle, Peter Byers, Dianna M Milewicz, Shaine A Morris

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background Arterial tortuosity is associated with adverse events in Marfan and Loeys-Dietz syndromes but remains understudied in Vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Methods and Results Subjects with a pathogenic

Using Noninvasive Calibrated Cuff Plethysmography To Observe The Effects Of Cold-Water Immersion On Arterial Compliance, Rita M. Grigorian

Master's Theses

As the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases continues to exponentially grow in populations across the globe, the necessity of determining underlying factors, effective methods of diagnoses, and universally available preventive measures also grows. Early detection of endothelial dysfunction, a proven precursor of cardiovascular diseases, can be extremely impactful in encouraging preventative measures and early intervention before medical conditions become chronic. In recent years, ice plunging, a form of cryotherapy involving full body immersion in cold water, has gained popularity within circles of fitness and health practitioners, gaining the interest of people of all backgrounds. Certain parallels observed between the human physiological …

Does A Program That Focuses On Lifestyle Changes Reduce Heart Disease Risk Factors In A Rural Community?, Reach Dissemination Committee, Maine, Usa

REACH: Research Evidence-to-Action for Community Health

Interventions like HeartHealth—that focus on self-care of heart disease risk factors and that are driven by collaboration with the community of interest—are effective in medically underserved, socioeconomically distressed rural areas.

Sars-Cov-2 Infection Triggers Pro-Atherogenic Inflammatory Responses In Human Coronary Vessels, Natalia Eberhardt, Maria Gabriela Noval, Ravneet Kaur, Letizia Amadori, Michael Gildea, Swathy Sajja, Dayasagar Das, Burak Cilhoroz, O'Jay Stewart, Dawn M Fernandez, Roza Shamailova, Andrea Vasquez Guillen, Sonia Jangra, Michael Schotsaert, Jonathan D Newman, Peter Faries, Thomas Maldonado, Caron Rockman, Amy Rapkiewicz, Kenneth A Stapleford, Navneet Narula, Kathryn J Moore, Chiara Giannarelli

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) present increased risk for ischemic cardiovascular complications up to 1 year after infection. Although the systemic inflammatory response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection likely contributes to this increased cardiovascular risk, whether SARS-CoV-2 directly infects the coronary vasculature and attendant atherosclerotic plaques remains unknown. Here we report that SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA is detectable and replicates in coronary lesions taken at autopsy from severe COVID-19 cases. SARS-CoV-2 targeted plaque macrophages and exhibited a stronger tropism for arterial lesions than adjacent perivascular fat, correlating with macrophage infiltration levels. SARS-CoV-2 entry was increased in …

Peripheral Levels Of The Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor In Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Parnian Shobeiri, Amir Hossein Behnoush, Amirmohammad Khalaji, Antonio Lucio Teixeira, Nima Rezaei

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Among its functions, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) regulates endothelial and macrophage activation, possibly playing a role in atherosclerotic plaque pathophysiology. Given contradicting reports, this study sought to investigate whether blood levels of BDNF differed between patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and controls.

METHODS: We explored PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library for studies comparing BDNF blood levels in patients with CHD and controls. Random-effect meta-analysis was conducted to calculate the standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to evaluate the quality of included articles, and statistical analyses were conducted …

Comparing Palliation Strategies For Single-Ventricle Anatomy With Transposed Great Arteries And Systemic Outflow Obstruction, Alyssa B Kalustian, Zachary A Spigel, Christopher E Greenleaf, Tam T Doan, Alejandra I Chavez, Iki Adachi, Jeffrey S Heinle, Ziyad M Binsalamah

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: Patients with complex single-ventricle anatomy with transposed great arteries and systemic outflow obstruction (SV-TGA-SOO) undergo varied initial palliation with ultimate goal of Fontan circulation. We examine a longitudinal experience with multiple techniques, including the largest published cohort following palliative arterial switch operation (pASO), to describe outcomes and decision-making factors.

METHODS: Neonates with SV-TGA-SOO who underwent initial surgical palliation from 1995 to 2022 at a single institution were retrospectively reviewed.

RESULTS: In total, 71 neonates with SV-TGA-SOO underwent index surgical palliation at a median age of 7 days (interquartile range, 6-10) by pASO (n = 23), pulmonary artery band (PAB) …

Kesintasan Satu Tahun Pasien Yang Menjalani Intervensi Koroner Perkutan Primer Di Rumah Sakit Dr. Cipto Mangukusumo, Muhammad Afriadi Hamdan, Ika Prasetya Wijaya, Alvina Widhani, Muhammad Yamin

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is an angioplasty (with or without a stent) performed immediately on the infarct-related artery without prior administration of fibrinolytics. Although PPCI is the reperfusion therapy of choice in ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) patients, survival in post-PPCI patients still varied and research on its determinant factors still showed inconsistent results. This study aimed to determine the predictors of oneyear survival in patients undergoing PPCI at Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital.

Methods. This retrospective cohort study evaluated the medical records of patients who underwent PPCI at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital from January …

Fat Distribution And Differential Effects On Metabolic Liver Fat Infiltration In Young Mexicans In Reynosa, Mexico: A Collaborative Study Across The U.S.-Mexico Border, Esperanza Milagros Garcia-Oropesa, Adriana Leticia Perales-Torres, Estrella Martinez-Lopez, Claudia Munguia-Cisneros, Edna Nava-Gonzalez, Monserrat Perez-Navarro, Marisol Rosas-Diaz, Neyla Baltazar, Alvaro Diaz-Badillo, Octelina Castillo-Ruiz, Joselin Hernandez-Ruiz, Srinivas Mummidi, Laura Yanneth Ramirez-Quintanilla, Carlos Ramirez-Pfeiffer, Juan Carlos Lopez-Alvarenga

Research Symposium

Introduction: Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a descriptive term for NAFLD (Non-alcoholic) physiopathology associated with obesity. The age of onset linked to body fat distribution is poorly studied. Therefore, we aimed to assess the body fat effect on liver fat infiltration and stiffness (LSt) mediated by insulin resistance (IR).

Methods: After obtaining informed consent, five hundred freshmen from two universities in Reynosa, Mexico (UMAN & UAT) were enrolled in the study. They completed a questionnaire focused on familial cardiometabolic risk and provided anthropometric measurements. In a subset of N=200, we obtained blood samples for biochemical measurements, body fat percentage …

Variant Of Fii Gene Plays A Critical Role In Coagulation Potential In Mexican-Americans, Hoang Anh T. Nguyen, Shuchita Vijay Jhaveri, Marcio A. Almeida, Vincent P. Diego, Satish Kumar, Juan M. Peralta, Joanne E. Curran, Bernadette W. Luu, Donna M. Lehman, Ralph A. Defronzo, Laura Almasy, Sarah Williams-Blangero, Ravi Duggirala, John Blangero, Tom Howard

Research Symposium

Background: Disruption in the balance between coagulation and bleeding can result in varying phenotypes such as hypercoagulability and can lead to the development of cardiovascular disease. In our study utilizing extended families of Mexican-Americans from South Texas, we performed a search for protein-altering variants influencing coagulation potential.

Methods: Mexican-Americans in the study were genotyped using Illumina-(human)-exome-24 chip to screen for protein-altering variants. Variants were analyzed for their association with FII activity, aPTT, and PT. Linear-mixed-model analysis was performed to estimate trait heritabilities and to interrogate single nucleotide variations (SNV) for evidence of genetic association. To control for multiple testing, associations …

Characterization Of Epithelial Growth Factor Transcripts Identified In Crotalus Atrox Venom, Ivan Lopez, Ying Jia

Research Symposium

Epithelial Growth Factor (EGF) is the primary source in regeneration and stimulation of essential fibroblasts cells commonly found in epithelium. Studies have shown that snake venom components are becoming a growing factor in treating illnesses such as cancer, muscular dystrophy, chronic pain, blood pressure, blood clotting, etc. EGF in human cells contains a promising quaternary structure that can bind to snake venom metalloproteinases, proposing a means of activating biochemical responses through protein-protein interactions to regulate unwanted cellular functions. This supports promising research in achieving a greater understanding of regulation along cellular pathways through ligands, increasing the likelihood of targeting unwanted …

Recognizing Fatal Electrocardiography Rhythm Changes In A Patient With Severe Hyperkalemia And Prevention Of Cardiac Arrest With Medical Management In Small Hospitals, Semenawit B. Burka, Eduardo Flores, Johnathan Gyebi-Agyepong

Research Symposium

Background: Hyperkalemia is one of the most potentially lethal electrolyte disorders. Severe hyperkalemia is defined as a serum potassium level of >6.5 mEq/L. The risk of arrhythmias increases with potassium values >6.5 mEq/L. Small elevation above this value can cause peaked T waves to quickly progress to ventricular fibrillation or asystole. The longer the patient has elevated potassium concentrations, the greater the risk of sudden deterioration. Therefore, recognizing ECG changes and acting quickly to decrease potassium concentration is important to prevent hyperkalemic cardiac arrest.

Case Presentation: A 26-Year-old man with a history of congenital hypoaldosteronism presented to the emergency department …

Taking The Load Off: Device Lead-Induced Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation And Right-Sided Heart Failure Treated With Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (Tavi), Nina Shyama Appareddy, Michaela Iglesia, Ayman Khaddam, Henry Kwang, Eduardo Flores

Research Symposium

Background: Interference of device leads with closure of the tricuspid leaflets can cause severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) and right-sided heart failure, as can heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and left sided valve disease. We report a case treated with transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) with improved TR.

Case: A 78-year-old male with coronary artery disease status post remote myocardial infarction and coronary bypass, HFrEF with left ventricular ejection fraction 35-40%, and inducible ventricular tachycardia status post AICD placement presented with worsening dyspnea on exertion, easy fatigue, lower extremity edema, anasarca and abdominal bloating. Transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated severe aortic …

Subtotal Iliac Vein Occlusion Secondary To May-Thurner Syndrome, Nina Shyama Appareddy, Jose Ramos, Usman Sheriff

Research Symposium

Background: May Thurner Syndrome (MTS), an anatomical variant present in over 20% of the population, can present with iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis (DVT) caused by compression of the common iliac vein by the adjacent iliac artery.

Case: An 86 year old male with coronary artery disease presented with left lower extremity swelling. Ultrasound revealed acute iliofemoral region DVT. This clot, extending from the groin to the ankle, placed him at high risk for pulmonary embolism and post-thrombotic syndrome.

Decision-making: Patient was placed on heparin drip. Venogram performed at 48 hours showed extensive clot in the superficial femoral, common femoral and …

Socio-Contextual Factors Predicting Pericardial Effusion And Mortality In Patients With Confirmed Sars-Cov2 In A South Texas Hospital. A Preliminary Analysis, Nina Shyama Appareddy, Cesar Peralta, Juan Carlos Alvarenga, Charles Mild

Research Symposium

Introduction: Few pericardial effusion (PEf) cases have been reported in the literature amongst adult hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV2. The goal of our study is to determine the frequency and risk factors of PEf amongst adult hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV2 and its effect on mortality.

Methods: This preliminary analysis included 48 consecutive patients with confirmed SARS-CoV2 admitted from 08/01-08/31/2021. Socio-demographic data and risk factors for coronary artery disease were recorded. Echocardiography was reviewed for evidence of PEf. A comparison of patients with effusion, no effusion, and no echo was performed with chi-square, t-test, ANOVA, and probability of death using logistic regression …