Cardiovascular Diseases Commons^™

When Clotting And Bleeding Collide: A Case Of Bilateral Pe And Concurrent Upper Gi Hemorrhage, Tabitha D. Baca, David Rayburn, Daniel Castro, Jessica Aird

Florida Journal of Emergency Medicine (FJEM)

Introduction

Concurrent episodes of pulmonary emboli and gastrointestinal bleeding in one patient are not commonly seen. When a patient presents with both, it presents a challenge to manage as they are opposite ends of the same disease spectrum associated with the coagulation system.

Case Report

We present the case of a 65-year-old male who presented to our hospital via EMS with unknown prior history after a witnessed cardiac arrest, who on evaluation also had a concurrent bilateral pulmonary emboli with right heart strain.

Why should an emergency physician be aware of this?

While there is extensive research on the management …

Quality Improvement (Qi) Project Aimed At Reducing 30-Day Hospital Readmissions For Patients With Congestive Heart Failure (Chf) Through Checklist Implementation, Gary Gutierrez

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Abstract

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) remains a leading cause of preventable 30-day hospital readmissions,

especially in outpatient and transitional care settings. This quality improvement (QI) initiative was

launched within a private internal medicine practice in Essex County, New Jersey, to address this issue

by implementing a standardized CHF management checklist. The checklist focused on four key

components: (a) comprehensive medication reconciliation, (b) tailored patient education, (c) timely

follow-up appointments, and (d) improved interdisciplinary communication. By integrating evidence-

based practices into a structured workflow, the QI project aimed to improve care coordination,

empower patients to manage their condition, and reduce preventable …

Are E-Cigarettes A Safer Alternative? Revisiting The Cardiovascular Cost Of Nicotine Delivery, Jason D. Gardner

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Behçet's Disease Unraveled: Insights Into Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, And Management, Mansour Alghamdi, Stephen Lindsey

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Behçet's disease is a rare and recurrent multisystem inflammatory disorder, primarily distinguished by systemic vasculitis that affects veins and arteries of various sizes. Clinically, Behçet's disease is characterized by the presence of recurrent oral and genital ulcers, skin lesions, and uveitis. The prevalence of this condition is significantly elevated along the historical Silk Road, particularly in Turkey; however, epidemiological data indicate variations across different regions and ethnic groups. The diagnosis of Behçet's disease is typically established during the third decade of life, with a more severe prognosis noted when the onset occurs before the age of 25. This review aims …

Urgent Radiotherapy For Superior Vena Cava Syndrome In Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Case Report, Arpeet Patel, Nilanjan Haldar, Ida Micaily, Michael Greenberg, Evan Nardone, John A. Lippert, Christopher Fundakowski, Adam C. Mueller

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

Superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome is a life-threatening complication of thoracic malignancies, requiring rapid management in the setting of airway compromise or hemodynamic instability. We present a 59-year-old male with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who developed superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) due to compression from a large mediastinal mass identified as metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. His declining respiratory status progressed rapidly, necessitating intensive care. After extensive multidisciplinary collaboration, the patient was determined fit for inpatient radiation therapy and 10 fractions of 300 cGy external beam radiotherapy to the obstructing lesion was planned. However, the patient was unable to lay …

Community Health Promoters’ Experiences In Mitigation Of Cardiovascular Diseases In Lari Sub-County - Kiambu County, Kenya, Emily Njeri Muchina

MSc in Advanced Practice Nursing

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a rising public health issue in low- and middle-income countries, including Kenya, where there is an escalation of their deaths and preventable risk factors. Community health promoters (CHPs) have a crucial role in the prevention of CVDs. Yet, low knowledge of CVD prevention and low detection of CVD risk factors characterise most underserved communities in Kenya. Little has been documented about CHPs' experiences in mitigating CVDs despite the presence of multilevel barriers and facilitators that can shape their experiences.

Aim: To gain an in-depth insight into the experiences of CHPs in mitigating CVD …

Increasing Histidyl Dipeptides In Skeletal Muscle Preserves Muscle Mass And Function In Heart Failure., Mamata Hiraman Chaudhari

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: Heart failure is a systemic disease associated with multiple comorbidities, such as skeletal muscle wasting and cardiopulmonary disease. Muscle wasting in heart failure patients is a severe comorbidity associated with decreased exercise capacity and poor quality of life. Previous reports show that oxidative stress is increased in the skeletal muscle of heart failure patients, which can directly lead to muscle wasting. However, antioxidant intervention in these patients was unable to improve cardiac function and consequently had no effect on muscle wasting. Although oxidative stress is the primary driver of skeletal muscle atrophy, no attempt has been made to examine …

Diabetes And Hypertension Frequencies And Trends In The Health Districts Of Sololá, Alejandro Cerón, Sophie Perfetto, Ana Textor, Sidona Alemayehu, Emilia Alvear Escobar, Adele Beard, Sarah Berson, Rachel Bryant, Jennifer Calzontzi, Rylee Castro, Eva Cress Palencia, Jake Czarnecki, Jordyn Epstein, Nikki Harris, Patience Hinojos, Max Hippisley, Erin House, Jackson Hullett, Nathan Johnson, Amelie King, Saule Lankelyte, Juan Loya, Ashley Mackenzie, Ilana Mighdoll, Molly Morrill, Maria De Jesus Ramos Jimenez, Lilly Teklemedhin, Joseph Trujillo, Lauren Verachtert, Nathan Verachtert, Violet Vreeland, Alex Welch, Jada Wright

Anthropology: Undergraduate Student Scholarship

This report was prepared by the students, Graduate Teaching Assistants, and instructor of “The Social Determination of Health” class taught in the fall of 2025 at the University of Denver. The report was prepared for Dr. Luis Pablo Méndez, of the Vice Ministry of Health Regulation, Surveillance and Control, of the Ministry of Public Health and Social Assistance of Guatemala. The work used the following guiding question: How can available data about service production can be used to inform the planning process for the implementation of the Global Hearts Initiative’s HEARTS technical package in the Distrito de Redes Integradas de …

Optimizing Endothelial Cell Specific Polymersome-Based Atheroprotective Therapies, Ally C. Brawner

All Theses

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of death in the United States and the world. Every year, billions of dollars are spent in the US alone for direct treatments of this disease, especially on prescription medicines like statins. However, these medications have been unable to curtail global mortality rates, partially because they do not target the entirety of atherosclerotic pathophysiology. A key area of this pathophysiology is that atheroprone arteries typically include pro-inflammatory endothelial cells that exhibit decreased levels of apoAI-mediated cholesterol efflux and an increased release of adhesion molecules, such as VCAM-1. The objective of my project …

Defining The Causal Contribution Of The Gut Microbiota To Cardiomyopathy Pathogenesis As A Basis For Developing Microbiome-Targeted Therapies, Xu Shi

Department of Food Science and Technology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, placing substantial clinical and economic burdens on society. Although advances in therapy have improved patient outcomes, the biological mechanisms that drive HF onset and progression remain incompletely understood. Increasing evidence suggests that the gut microbiota, the trillions of microorganisms residing in the gastrointestinal tract, plays a key role in some forms of heart disease, especially cardiovascular disease. Moreover, gut microbial dysbiosis has been associated with systemic inflammation, metabolic imbalance, and immune dysregulation, all of which contribute to the pathophysiology of HF. Cardiomyopathy, a primary disorder of the heart …

Rare Case Of Recurrent Cystic Mediastinal Mass: Giant Pericardial Cyst, Melina Tanadi, Anggraini Dwi Sensusiati Phd

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Pericardial cyst is unusual benign congenital malformations, with incidence of 1 person per 100.000. Although considered congenital lesion by incomplete fusion of embryogenesis, there are less frequent causes such as surgery, post trauma, and inflammatory process. Pericardial cyst can mimick malignant mediastinal tumor, cardiac chamber enlargement, bronchogenic cyst from Chest X-ray. Most of pericardial cyst are asymptomatic until they got bigger, such as dypsnea, sudden death, cardiac tamponade, rupture of the cyst. Radiology Imaging play important roles for rule out diagnostic therefore to prevent the complications. Computed tomography is modality of choice for pericardial cyst. We report a case of …

Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis Of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Reveals Key Immune Responses In St-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Zheng Zhang, Shengfang Wang, Yahui Liu, Gaohan Li, Qianqian Cheng, Wei Yang, Gan-Xin Yan, Chuanyu Gao

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, the precise immunological mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) provides a powerful approach to dissect immune cell heterogeneity and dynamic changes at single-cell resolution.

METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from 7 STEMI patients (within 6h after primary percutaneous coronary intervention) and 3 healthy controls. Single-cell suspensions were prepared and subjected to scRNA-seq using the 10x Genomics Chromium platform and Illumina NovaSeq 6000. Data were processed using Cell Ranger and analyzed with Seurat for quality control, clustering, and annotation. Differentially …

Diurnal Behavioral Outcomes And Bbb Integrity In Adult Male Shr And Wky Rats, Pallavi Shrivastava, Oluchukwu D. Biose, Riya Dahal, Abdallah Jwayyed, Rukayat A. Raji, Huijing Xia, Eric Lazartigues, Ifechukwude J. Biose

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

Day and night neurobehavioral tests were performed for Spontaneously Hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) to establish an optimal testing window. Also, blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity in brain areas related to cognition was measured to determine strain-specific differences. Six months old male SHR and WKY were randomly divided into day (i.e., 9–11 a.m.) and nighttime (i.e., 7–9 p.m.) testing regimen. Neurobehavioral tests included: Y-maze spontaneous alternation, open field, novel object recognition (NOR), and tail suspension test (TST). BBB integrity was measured in the cortex, hippocampus and striatum. WKY showed higher recognition memory at night compared to SHR and …

Hypertensive Remodelling: When Bigger Body Means Bigger Problems, Eric Lazartigues

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Use Of Calcium Modification In Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Comprehensive Review, Noyan Ramazani, Ala W. Abdallah, Michael V. Dicaro, Divyansh Sharma, Aditi Singh, Kachon Lei

Department of Internal Medicine Faculty Research

Calcified coronary lesions remain a challenge in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in both situations of acute myocardial infarction (MI) and stable coronary syndrome. It significantly increases the risk of procedural complications due to difficulty in equipment delivery, balloon expansion, and stent delivery. Furthermore, stent thrombosis, dissection, perforation, and future in-stent restenosis occur more frequently in calcified coronary lesions, impacting repeat target vessel revascularization and increasing the risk of future MI. With intracoronary imaging (intravascular ultrasound and optical coherence tomography), peri-procedural success for treating calcified lesions has increased significantly. Different modalities of calcium modification techniques have since been introduced. This review …

Estrogen And Obesity Synergistically Suppress Protein S Via Hif1Α, Enhancing Thrombosis Potential, Mohammad A. Mohammad, Narender Kumar, Sonali Ghosh, Ashley L. Paysse, Claudia Leonardi, Vijaya Pilli, Ma Lorena Duhaylungsod, Eric Lazartigues, Diana Polania-Villanueva, Sadaf Nouman, Logan A. Barrios, Rima Chattopadhyay, Rafika Yasmin, Alaina Guilbeau, Manoj Kumar, Tina H. Nguyen, Jovanny Zabaleta, Li Li, Luis Del Valle M.D., Mallory T. Barbier, Samarpan Majumder, Laurent O. Mosnier, Samarpan Majumder

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, with risk heightened in premenopausal women with obesity or use estrogen-based oral contraceptives. When both risk factors are present, the thrombosis risk increases substantially. Protein S (PS), an essential anticoagulant cofactor, is downregulated by both estrogen and obesity, but the molecular basis for this suppression remains poorly defined. We investigated the effect of estrogen and obesity on PS expression using plasma samples from 157 women stratified by BMI and contraceptive use, alongside 40 mice categorized as lean or obese with or without estrogen pellet treatment. The levels of PS …

Two Cases Of Intramyocardial Dissecting Hematoma Diagnosed By Echocardiography, Jianbo Wu, Fei Bian, Xijun Zhu, Xin Du, Tao Hao, Qian Liu

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Intramyocardial dissecting hematoma (IDH), a rare complication of myocardial infarction, was investigated through two unique clinical cases in this study. We demonstrate echocardiography's pivotal role in emergency diagnostics by detailing its critical contribution to rapid identification. Furthermore, we propose a hypothesis regarding the anatomical subtypes of IDH, potentially offering new perspectives and insights into this rare cardiac condition.

Severe Myocarditis In The Pediatric Patient: A Simulation For Emergency Department Management, Prayerna Uppal, Anita Thomas, Robyn Wing, Lauren Kinneman, Cassandra Koid Jia Shin, Daisy Ciener, Jean I. Pearce, Claire Smith, Jennifer Reid, Kimberly Stone, Katina Summerford, Katherine Wolpert

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Myocarditis in a pediatric patient can present with a variety of signs and symptoms, leading to a broad differential diagnosis. Delays in the correct identification of myocarditis and the initiation of appropriate interventions can have a detrimental impact on patient outcomes. In this case, a simulated five-year-old patient with myocarditis and secondary cardiogenic shock presents to the emergency department (ED). The goals of this simulation curriculum were to familiarize trainees and ED providers with the often nonspecific presentation of pediatric myocarditis, educate the care team about crucial interventions that positively or negatively impact the patient's stabilization course, and reinforce the …

Trypanosoma Cruzi Infection-Induced Changes In Cardiac Microvascular Endothelial Cell Morphology And Function, Lyndsey N. Gisclair, Douglas A. Johnston

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

Introduction. Six to seven million individuals are infected with Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease. With 12,000 deaths annually, chronic Chagas disease remains a significant global health challenge due to persistent vector transmission, increasing non-vector transmission and limited therapeutic options. Chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.Gap Statement. Since its initial description more than 100 years ago, research efforts into the cardiomyopathy found in chronic Chagas disease have primarily focused on the contributions of immune cells, cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts, leaving a significant gap in understanding the …

Acute Gastropericardial Fistula With Cardiac Tamponade And Septic Pericarditis Due To Helicobacter Pylori–Induced Gastric Ulcer Perforation, Stephen J. Bordes, Christopher D. Oubre, Preethi H. Kanumuri, Nicholas Leblanc, Richard Lewis, Thomas Marsden, Terry Stelly

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.