Cardiovascular Diseases Commons^™

Gait Alterations In Peripheral Arterial Disease Are Not Worsened By The Presence Of Diabetes, Hafizur Rahman

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a vascular disease where atherosclerotic blockages restrict blood flow to muscles in the lower extremities. Diabetes is a common co-morbid condition in PAD and has been shown to increase the risk of lower extremity amputation compared to PAD without diabetes. Although there is a clear pathological relationship between diabetes and PAD, the gait mechanics involved remain indistinct. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether the presence of diabetes in addition to PAD results in greater functional impairment during ambulation. Twenty-three subjects with PAD and twelve controls consented to participate in the research. …

The Effects Of A 12-Week Jump Rope Exercise Program On Abdominal Adiposity, Vasoactive Substances, Inflammation & Vascular Function In Prehypertensive Adolescent Girls, Ronald Headid

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Childhood obesity is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. It is necessary to combat unfavorable outcomes of obesity at a young age by utilizing effective interventions, such as exercise. Purpose: We sought to examine the effects of a jump rope exercise program on CVD risk factors, including body composition, vasoactive substances, inflammation, and vascular function in prehypertensive adolescent girls. Methods: Forty girls (age 14-16) were recruited and randomly assigned to a jump rope exercise group (EX, n=20) or control group (CON, n=20). Body composition, nitrate and nitrite levels, endothelin-1 (ET-1), c-reactive protein (CRP), systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood …

The Effects Of Swimming Training On Arterial Stiffness, Muscular Strength And Cardiorespiratory Endurance In Postmenopausal Women With Stage 2 Hypertension, Steven Scott

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Objective:

Aging is associated with progressive decreases in arterial health and function as well as overall fitness. It is crucial to prevent or reduce the negative effects of aging on vasculature and fitness components by implementing appropriate lifestyle interventions, such as exercise training. We examined the effects of a swimming (SWM) regimen on arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity, PWV), blood pressure (BP), wave reflection (AIx), muscle strength and aerobic capacity in postmenopausal women with stage 2 hypertension.

Methods:

Using a parallel experimental design, participants were randomly assigned to either a SWM (n=52) or non-exercising control group (n=48) for 20 weeks. …

Impacts Of Dietary Nitrate On Endothelial Function, Arterial Stiffness, And Systemic Vascular Pressure In Peripheral Arterial Disease, Elizabeth J. Pekas, Steven D. Scott, Ronald J. Headid Iii, Michael D. Shukis, Jeonghwa Shin, Jiwon Song, Song-Young Park

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is the manifestation of atherosclerotic plaque in the larger arteries of the legs, which results in impaired blood flow to the lower extremities. Markers of vascular health, including endothelial function and arterial stiffness, have been shown to be attenuated in PAD.

Purpose: We sought to examine the effects of a nitrate supplement (body mass-normalized dosage of beetroot juice) on vascular function measurements such as endothelial function, arterial stiffness, and central and peripheral blood pressure in patients with PAD. We hypothesized that acute intake of a nitrate supplement would improve vascular function.

Methods: PAD patients (stage II-III, …

Femoral Vein Transposition Arteriovenous Fistula Is A Feasible Option In "Selected" Patients As Hemodialysis Access, Zia Ur Rehman, Asfia Arham, Ziad Sophie

Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery

Introduction: Lower extremity hemodialysis access is offered to the patients who have severe central venous stenosis. Femoral vein transposition arteriovenous fistula (FV tAVF) is an alternative to lower leg arteriovenous prosthetic grafts. Its safety and patency is under observation.
Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective review of patients who had FV tAVF between January 2011 and March 2016. Preoperative clinical findings, intraoperative findings, postoperative complications, and patency of the AVF were noted and analyzed.
Results: There were 7 patients who underwent FV tAVF during this study period. Most patients were female (6 : 1), with mean …

Joint Association Of Urinary Sodium And Potassium Excretion With Cardiovascular Events And Mortality: Prospective Cohort Study, Martin O'Donnell, Andrew Mente, Sumathy Rangarajan, Matthew J. Mcqueen, Neil O'Leary, Lu Yin, Xiaoyun Liu, Sumathi Swaminathan, Rasha Khatib, Romaina Iqbal

Community Health Sciences

Objective: To evaluate the joint association of sodium and potassium urinary excretion (as surrogate measures of intake) with cardiovascular events and mortality, in the context of current World Health Organization recommendations for daily intake (<2.0 g sodium, >3.5 g potassium) in adults.
Design: International prospective cohort study.
Setting: 18 high, middle, and low income countries, sampled from urban and rural communities.
Participants: 103 570 people who provided morning fasting urine samples.
Main outcome measures: Association of estimated 24 hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion (surrogates for intake) with all cause mortality and major cardiovascular events, using multivariable Cox regression. A six category …

Health Literacy And Type 2 Diabetes In Barbados, Coralene Quimby-Worrell

The Qualitative Report

In this qualitative instrumental single case study, I explored how patients living with Type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Barbados manage the disease and what role health literacy might play. Purposeful sampling aided in selecting the sample for the study. The sample was 23 participants who were 40 years and older, diagnosed with T2D, living in Barbados, and attending the Endocrine Center for treatment. Participants responded to 13 open ended questions used to answer the research questions. Information was coded using NVivo 10 software and the software provided the themes based on the participants’ responses to the interview questions. The themes …

Innovation And Competition In Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products, Enrique Seoane-Vazquez, Vaishali Shukla, Rosa Rodriguez-Monguio

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

"Advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs), including gene therapy, cell therapy, and tissue engineering products, represent a paradigm shift in health care as they have great potential for preventing and treating many diseases (Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 2013). By way of example, only 367 (8.0%) of the 4,603 rare diseases and conditions listed by the NIH Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center had at least one FDA-approved drug therapy in early 2018. An estimated 3,038 (66.0%) of those rare diseases and conditions are congenital and genetic diseases that could potentially be treated by gene therapy. There are already ATMPs under …

Waiting For Test Results, Herbert L Fred

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

No abstract provided.

Clinical Evaluation Of Exercise Capacity In Adults With Systemic Right Ventricle, Beata Rog, Kinga Salapa, Magdalena Okolska, Natalia Dluzniewska, Piotr Werynski, Piotr Podolec, Lidia Tomkiewicz-Pajak

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

The right ventricle provides systemic circulation in individuals with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (CCTGA) and in those with complete transposition who have had an atrial switch repair (DTGA). The aim of this study was to evaluate how the systemic right ventricle adapts to increased workload and oxygen demand during exercise. From November 2005 through December 2015, 3,358 adult patients with congenital heart disease were treated at our institution; we identified 48 (26 females, 22 males; median age, 25.4 ± 8.1 yr) who met the study criteria; 37 had DTGA and atrial switch repair, and 11 had CCTGA. …

The Future Of Tissue Engineering In Heart Transplantation, Doris A Taylor

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

No abstract provided.

Cardiac Replacement In Our Lifetime, Jack G Copeland

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

No abstract provided.

Penetrating Atherosclerotic Ulcer Of The Ascending Aorta Found Incidentally In A 71-Year-Old Man, Antonino M Grande, Dario Di Perna, Adele Valentini, Eloisa Arbustini

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

No abstract provided.

Preventing A Catastrophe: Increasing Awareness Of Loeys-Dietz Syndrome, Bradley S Kane, Kamran Shamsa

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Loeys-Dietz syndrome is a genetic disorder that predisposes patients to aortic aneurysms. If left untreated, the natural history of the associated aortopathy often culminates in fatal aortic dissection. We describe the case of a 21-year-old man who was diagnosed with Loeys-Dietz syndrome after 2 family members died of aortic dissection. This case highlights the importance of increased physician awareness of this syndrome, which can play a crucial role in preventing premature sudden cardiac death caused by aortic catastrophe.

Role Of Multimodal Cardiac Imaging In Diagnosing A Primary Intimal Sarcoma Of The Left Atrial Appendage, Kara L Raphael, Anthony P Martinez, Stephen D Clements, Ijeoma Isiadinso

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Primary cardiac tumors are rare, and most are benign. Intimal sarcomas are among the rarest of the malignant cardiac tumors; they are aggressive and associated with a poor prognosis. Whereas transesophageal echocardiography has been instrumental in evaluating cardiac masses, other imaging methods, such as cardiac magnetic resonance, have proved invaluable in accurately characterizing these masses. We present the case of a 49-year-old woman in whom we diagnosed a primary intimal sarcoma of the left atrial appendage, and we discuss the importance of multimodal imaging in the evaluation and diagnosis of cardiac masses.

Chicken-Fried Steak Changed My Outlook On Medicine, Michael J Lehner

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

No abstract provided.

The Prevalence Rate Of Cigarette Smoking Among Congestive Heart Failure Patients At A Local Family Health Center, Salome Kapella-Mshigeni, Eunice Kimunai, Chad L. Cross

School of Medicine Faculty Research

Introduction: The prevalence rate of smoking is well documented in the general population, but little is known among patients with Congestive Heart Failure (CHF). The mortality rate of CHF in San Bernardino county is nearly double (18.7 per 100,000 deaths) than that of the State of California (10.8 per 100,000 deaths). There is a need to fill knowledge gaps for CHF patients and identify evidence-based interventions that will help reduce health disparities among populations. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence rate of cigarette smoking among an underserved population for patients with CHF seen at a Family Health Clinic …

Association Between Plasma Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin And Cardiac Disease Hospitalizations And Deaths In Older Women, James J.H. Chong, Richard L. Prince, Peter L. Thompson, Sujitha Thavapalachandran, Esther Ooi, Amanda Devine, E E.M. Lim, Elizabeth Byrnes, Germaine Wong, Wai H. Lim, Joshua R. Lewis

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin ( NGAL ) or lipocalin 2 may promote atherosclerosis and plaque instability leading to increased risk of cardiac events. We investigated the relationships between plasma NGAL , cardiovascular disease biomarkers, and long-term cardiac events. Methods and Results The study population consisted of 1131 ambulant older white women (mean age 75 years) without clinical coronary heart disease ( CHD ) and measures of plasma NGAL in the Perth Longitudinal Study of Ageing Women with 14.5-year CHD and heart failure hospitalizations or death (events) captured using linked records. Over 14.5 years, 256 women had CHD events, while 118 …

Lipids, Reactive Oxygen Species, And Health, Heather Bowen

DNP Research Projects

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States. Coronary artery disease (CAD), where plaque builds up to create atherosclerosis, puts patients at risk for heart attack or stroke. Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) have been implicated as a source of oxidative stress that can lead to the development of CAD, and diets high in fat potentiate this occurrence. As certain fats are heated and experience chemical and physical degradation, they cause an increased risk of obesity, diabetes, various forms of cancer, and CVD. This research study, based on CREATION Health ideals, aimed to evaluate the …

Aspirin Use Following Preeclampsia To Prevent Future Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes, Kristi Bohlig

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

• Introduction: Preeclampsia during pregnancy warrants therapy with low dose aspirin. The purpose of this review is to investigate if these women are at increased future risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and if aspirin therapy prevents future cardiovascular events.

• Research Questions: Do women who had preeclampsia during pregnancy have increased future cardiovascular morbidity and mortality? • Does continued aspirin use in postpartum women, who had preeclampsia during pregnancy; decrease future cardiovascular morbidity and mortality?

• Research Methods: Literature review was conducted utilizing CINAHL, Dynamed plus and PubMed databases.

• Discussion: Many studies have found that preeclampsia does increase …