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Articles 4291 - 4320 of 9759

Full-Text Articles in Veterinary Medicine

Molecular Characterization Of Complete Genome Of A Thai Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus, Tippawan Jantafong, Porntippa Lekcharoensuk Dec 2014

Molecular Characterization Of Complete Genome Of A Thai Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus, Tippawan Jantafong, Porntippa Lekcharoensuk

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (HP-PRRSV) causes severe outbreaks in swine leading to serious economic losses in swine industry in Thailand and other countries in Southeast Asia. However, information regarding whole genome characterization of HP-PRRSV isolate in this region is limited. This report describes sequencing and characterizations of the complete nucleotide sequence of a Thai HP-PRRSV isolate, designated HP/Thailand/19500LL/2010 (TH19500LL/10). The complete genomic sequence consists of 189-nt 5¢UTR, 14,982-nt protein-coding region containing 9 ORFs and 150-nt 3¢UTR. In addition, the full-length sequence of Thai HP-PRRSV isolate was compared with that of VR2332 and other HP-PRRSV strains. The …

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Development Of One-Step Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (Lamp) As A Screening Tool For Influenza A Viruses, Hein Min Tun, Trong Wisedchanwet, Manoosak Wongphatcharachai, Nutthawan Nonthabenjawan, Supasama Chaiyawong, Apiradee Theamboonlers, Yong Poovorawan, Alongkorn Amonsin Dec 2014

Development Of One-Step Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (Lamp) As A Screening Tool For Influenza A Viruses, Hein Min Tun, Trong Wisedchanwet, Manoosak Wongphatcharachai, Nutthawan Nonthabenjawan, Supasama Chaiyawong, Apiradee Theamboonlers, Yong Poovorawan, Alongkorn Amonsin

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Influenza A virus is a major cause of influenza pandemics and can infect several host species including humans and animals. The objective of this study was to develop a one-step reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay (LAMP) for the detection of genetically diverse influenza A viruses from both human and animal hosts. First, a set of two inner and two outer primers were designed based on the conserved region of the matrix (M) gene of influenza A viruses. The amplification reaction was optimized at 63oC for 60 min and performed in a simple heat block. The amplicons could be visualized …

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The Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Clinical Isolates From Dogs And Cats Expressed Three Multidrug Efflux Systems Simultaneously, Kanchana Poonsuk, Rungtip Chuanchuen Dec 2014

The Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Clinical Isolates From Dogs And Cats Expressed Three Multidrug Efflux Systems Simultaneously, Kanchana Poonsuk, Rungtip Chuanchuen

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The objective of this study was to examine the expression of 4 clinically-important Mex systems including MexAB-OprM, MexCD-OprJ, MexEF-OprN and MexXY in the Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates from dogs and cats. The isolates exhibited high level of resistance to multiple antibiotics clinically important. All of them simultaneously overexpressed up to three different Mex systems, including MexAB-OprM, MexEF-OprN and MexXY as determined by RT-PCR. None of the isolates overexpressed MexCD-OprJ. Expression of mexF was measured by using quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Transcription level of mexF varied (i.e. 4-219 fold) but was at least 4 fold higher than that of PAO1. DNA sequence …

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Quantitative Method For Detecting Vibrio Species Using Bio-Theta Doxtm System, Shouichi Tanno, Naoki Fukui, Yukihiro Utaka, Saburo Ohkawa, Yukio Morita, Sumalee Boonmar Dec 2014

Quantitative Method For Detecting Vibrio Species Using Bio-Theta Doxtm System, Shouichi Tanno, Naoki Fukui, Yukihiro Utaka, Saburo Ohkawa, Yukio Morita, Sumalee Boonmar

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This is the first report of a quantitative method for detecting Vibrio species using the Bio-Theta DOXTM system. We assessed 19 strains of 9 Vibrio species and 22 strains of 22 non-Vibrio species and found that the positive rate in the medium-concentration (103 cfu/ml) and low-concentration (10 cfu/ml) samples of the 19 Vibrio samples was 100% and 89.5% (17/19), respectively. A few low-concentration samples of V. alginolyticus and V. vulnificus were negative. All Vibrio strains displayed good linear calibration curves for detection time vs bacterial count (r>0.94). The negative rate of the high-concentration (106 cfu/ml) and medium-concentration (103cfu/ml) samples …

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Ultrasound Diagnosis, Phiwipha Kamonrat Dec 2014

Ultrasound Diagnosis, Phiwipha Kamonrat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

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Evaluation Of Porcine Ipec-J2 Cell Line Growth Rate And Immune Response To E. Coli (0111:B4) Lps, Xiaofan Wang Dec 2014

Evaluation Of Porcine Ipec-J2 Cell Line Growth Rate And Immune Response To E. Coli (0111:B4) Lps, Xiaofan Wang

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this study was to evaluate the intestinal porcine epithelial cell-jejunum 2 (IPEC-J2) cell line as a model to study the innate immune function of live pigs. Growth rates of IPEC-J2 cells in T-75 flasks and 96-well plates were evaluated using a hemocytometer and spectrophotometer for cell quantity measurements to determine growth rate and doubling time. Growth rates of IPEC-J2 cells in T-75 flasks and 96-well plates were 0.4016 and 0.2851 times of doubling/day respectively with a doubling time of 1.73 d and 2.43 d, respectively. Confluent IPEC-J2 monolayers were tested at five time intervals (0, 1, 2, …

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Determination Of Antibody Responses To Mpb83 Antigen In Bcg-Vaccinated Rusa Deer (Rusa Timorensis), Sirinart Chaichanathong, Worawidh Wajjwalku, Chayanid Prasanwong, Melanee Suksamranthaweerat, Piyawan Rasitanon, Aunchisa Phojun, Antja Watanangura, Orawan Boodde, Nikorn Thongtip Dec 2014

Determination Of Antibody Responses To Mpb83 Antigen In Bcg-Vaccinated Rusa Deer (Rusa Timorensis), Sirinart Chaichanathong, Worawidh Wajjwalku, Chayanid Prasanwong, Melanee Suksamranthaweerat, Piyawan Rasitanon, Aunchisa Phojun, Antja Watanangura, Orawan Boodde, Nikorn Thongtip

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) is a contagious zoonotic disease that causes serious public health concerns. Cervidae are highly susceptible to BTB and it has been diagnosed in various deer species. In order to develop BTB eradication and control program, Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccination has been studied in cervids. In this study 15 rusa deer were tested for responsiveness to mycobacterial reaction using a comparative cervical skin test (CCT). The rusa deer were divided into 2 groups; BCG vaccination group, which were inoculated with a single dose of 2x106 cfu M. bovis BCG Tokyo subcutaneously (n=8) and control group …

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Proliferative Index And Microvessel Density As Potential Prognostic Markers Of Canine Oral Malignant Melanomas, Nan Choisunirachon, Yuiko Tanaka, Kohei Saeki, Nobuo Sasaki, Ryohei Nishimura, Takayuki Nakagawa Dec 2014

Proliferative Index And Microvessel Density As Potential Prognostic Markers Of Canine Oral Malignant Melanomas, Nan Choisunirachon, Yuiko Tanaka, Kohei Saeki, Nobuo Sasaki, Ryohei Nishimura, Takayuki Nakagawa

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Several reports have indicated the prognostic significance of the proliferative index (PI) and microvessel density (MVD) in canine oral malignant melanomas (MM). However, a correlation between the PI and MVD of oral MM in dogs has never been elucidated. Here, we evaluated the expression of Ki-67 and CD31 using double immunofluorescence staining to investigate the correlation of PI with MVD in 37 spontaneous canine oral MMs. No correlation was found between the MVD and PI values or between those and any clinicopathologic findings. However, a correlation was found between the PI value and both clinical stage (p = 0.0453) and …

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Assessment Of 2,4-Difluoroaniline Aquatic Toxicity Using A Zebrafish (Danio Rerio) Model, Crina Laura Moșneang, Adrian Grozea, Ion Oprescu, Eugenia Dumitrescu, Florin Muselin, Dénes Gál, Romeo T. Cristina Dec 2014

Assessment Of 2,4-Difluoroaniline Aquatic Toxicity Using A Zebrafish (Danio Rerio) Model, Crina Laura Moșneang, Adrian Grozea, Ion Oprescu, Eugenia Dumitrescu, Florin Muselin, Dénes Gál, Romeo T. Cristina

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Bio-monitoring, in the control strategies for pollution, has several advantages over other tests in aquatic organisms. Bio-effects may link the bioavailability of the compounds of interest with their concentration at target organs and intrinsic toxicity. Potential harmful effects of 2,4-difluoroaniline (DFA), on a 96-hour acute static test, on adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) were followed. According to OECD 203: Fish Acute Toxicity Test, LC50 was determined using 70 adult zebrafish AB strain and 14 zebrafish as control group, to evaluate the effects and action at different concentrations of DFA. Obtained data were analyzed using Minitab Statistical Software as Goodness-of-Fit correlation tests. …

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Assessment Of Swine (Sus Scrofa Domesticus) Alveolar Macrophage Viability Associated With Heavy Metal Air Pollutants, Gemerlyn G. Garcia, Eduardo H. Grivialde, Lerma C. Ocampo, Claro N. Mingala Dec 2014

Assessment Of Swine (Sus Scrofa Domesticus) Alveolar Macrophage Viability Associated With Heavy Metal Air Pollutants, Gemerlyn G. Garcia, Eduardo H. Grivialde, Lerma C. Ocampo, Claro N. Mingala

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The impact of air pollution on airway cellular defense of pigs raised under backyard, semi-commercial and commercial conditions was investigated. Flame atomic absorption spectrometry was used to analyze Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) while manual cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry was applied to evaluate Mercury (Hg) contents of dust particles from farms. Tests for viable counts of swine alveolar macrophages (SAM) that simulate animal responses to air pollutants, microbiological techniques for the recovery of bacterial cells and evaluation for cellular function were undertaken. Results showed that air pollution was accompanied by significant high levels of Pb and Cd. Exposure of …

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Development Of Pmp Gene-Specific Pcr Assay With A Host Specific Internal Control For Chlamydophila Felis, Zafer Cantekin, Hasan Solmaz, Nuri Altug, Gamze Ozge Ozmen Dec 2014

Development Of Pmp Gene-Specific Pcr Assay With A Host Specific Internal Control For Chlamydophila Felis, Zafer Cantekin, Hasan Solmaz, Nuri Altug, Gamze Ozge Ozmen

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Chlamydophila felis is the primary bacterial agent of conjunctivitis and upper respiratory disease in cats. Transmission of the disease requires close contact between cats. Polymerase chain reaction is a useful tool for detection of this organism. The aim of this study was to develop a polymerase chain reaction assay with an internal amplification control for the detection of C. felis. Primer pairs were designed specifically for polymorphic membrane protein gene of C. felis and cytochrome b gene of cat, and their specificity and sensitivity were examined. Primers specific for both genes were then multiplexed. In the simplex polymerase chain reaction …

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Characterization Of Femur, Mandible And Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells From Streptozotocin-Injected Mice, Philaiporn Vivatbutsiri, Nunthawan Nowwarote, Chenphop Sawangmake, Suconta Chareonvit, Prasit Pavasant, Thanaphum Osathanon Dec 2014

Characterization Of Femur, Mandible And Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells From Streptozotocin-Injected Mice, Philaiporn Vivatbutsiri, Nunthawan Nowwarote, Chenphop Sawangmake, Suconta Chareonvit, Prasit Pavasant, Thanaphum Osathanon

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Streptozotocin injection is simply shown to promote hyperglycemic condition in several species. In the present study, we aimed to characterize the femoral and mandibular bone features of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. In addition, the characteristics of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells were evaluated. Results showed that streptozotocin injection resulted in significant weight loss and increase in fasting blood glucose levels in the animals. Compared to the control mice, significantly greater bone surface/bone volume value was noted in the mandible and the femur. On the contrary, trabecular thickness was significantly decreased in the metaphysis area of the femur. Further, the bone volume/total …

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Stimulatory Effects Of Low Intensity Laser Therapy On The Healing Of Rabbit Tibial Defects, Hoai Nam Nguyen, Peerapol Sukon, Sirikachorn Tangkawattana, Pipop Sutthiprapaporn, Pornpop Rattana-Arpha, Naruepon Kampa Dec 2014

Stimulatory Effects Of Low Intensity Laser Therapy On The Healing Of Rabbit Tibial Defects, Hoai Nam Nguyen, Peerapol Sukon, Sirikachorn Tangkawattana, Pipop Sutthiprapaporn, Pornpop Rattana-Arpha, Naruepon Kampa

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The present study was to investigate the effects of low intensity laser therapy (LILT) on the healing of rabbit tibial defects. Circular defects were perforated at the medial site of tibial crests on both hind legs of 18 male New Zealand White rabbits. The defects were randomly allocated into 3 groups (n=12): 1) defects irradiated with LILT, at 4 J/cm2 (LS4); 2) defects irradiated with LILT, at 20 J/cm2 (LS20), and 3) defects receiving sham treatment (control group). Irradiation began 24h after surgery, and repeated every 48 h, with a total of 8 sessions. In the 3rd and 6th weeks …

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Retrospective Study Of Computed Tomographic Characterization Of Canine Oral Malignant Melanoma In 24 Dogs, Nan Choisunirachon, Lee-Shuan Lin, Yuiko Tanaka, Kohei Saeki, Reina Fujiwara, Ryohei Nishimura, Takayuki Nakagawa Dec 2014

Retrospective Study Of Computed Tomographic Characterization Of Canine Oral Malignant Melanoma In 24 Dogs, Nan Choisunirachon, Lee-Shuan Lin, Yuiko Tanaka, Kohei Saeki, Reina Fujiwara, Ryohei Nishimura, Takayuki Nakagawa

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Clinical and computed tomographic (CT) information from 24 histopathological diagnosed canine oral malignant melanomas (MMs) was retrospectively investigated. The CT appearance on canine oral MM from each patient was evaluated, including both bone and soft tissue windows and pre- and post-contrast enhancement. Among the 24 dogs, canine oral MM was highly presented in small breeds, especially in miniature dachshunds older than 10 years. The gingiva was the most commonly affected site, followed by palatine, mucosal, and lingual areas. The location of the primary tumor in the oral arcade was statistically significant associated with bone invasion such as osteolysis. Canine oral …

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Effects Of Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplement On Healthy Beagle Dogs, Uttra Jamikorn, Sirinthorn Yibchok-Anun Dec 2014

Effects Of Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplement On Healthy Beagle Dogs, Uttra Jamikorn, Sirinthorn Yibchok-Anun

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The New Zealand green-lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) (NZGLM), a well-known source of n-3 PUFAs, has been shown to have a highly-potent anti-inflammatory action. The dietary fatty acid supplement used in this study was obtained from the NZGLM by a patented supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) extraction method. Effects of the dietary PUFA supplement on healthy Beagle dogs on hematology, blood chemistry and blood coagulation profiles were evaluated. A randomized complete blocked design was assigned to 40 healthy Beagle dogs aged between 1 to 3 years old. All dogs were separated into 4 groups, each of which had 5 males and 5 …

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Timing For Male Reproductive Tract Gene Expression And Gonopore Complex Development Of Giant Freshwater Prawn (Macrobrachium Rosenbergii), Prapruddee Piyaviriyakul, Damri Darawiroj Dec 2014

Timing For Male Reproductive Tract Gene Expression And Gonopore Complex Development Of Giant Freshwater Prawn (Macrobrachium Rosenbergii), Prapruddee Piyaviriyakul, Damri Darawiroj

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Mono-sex culture of giant freshwater prawns (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) gives more benefits than mixed-sex culture because of high market demand for male prawns. Unfortunately, sex differentiation in crustaceans could not obviously be observed in their early larval stage. Therefore, sex segregation or sex reversal techniques need to be developed and timing for sex differentiation in M. rosenbergii during larval development needs to be examined. In this study, three genes related to male reproductive hormone (IAG, MRR and MAL) were isolated and amplified from terminal ampulae (TA) of adult male M. rosenbergii. The male specific transcripts demonstrated that they could be used …

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Ecg Quiz, Chollada Buranakarl, Anusak Kijtawornrat Dec 2014

Ecg Quiz, Chollada Buranakarl, Anusak Kijtawornrat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

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What Is Your Diagnosis?, Nan Choisunirachon Dec 2014

What Is Your Diagnosis?, Nan Choisunirachon

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

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What Is Your Diagnosis?, Nan Choisunirachon Dec 2014

What Is Your Diagnosis?, Nan Choisunirachon

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

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Glucose Significantly Enhances Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli Adherence To Intestinal Epithelial Cells Through Its Effects On Heat-Labile Enterotoxin Production, Prageeth Wijemanne, Rodney A. Moxley Nov 2014

Glucose Significantly Enhances Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli Adherence To Intestinal Epithelial Cells Through Its Effects On Heat-Labile Enterotoxin Production, Prageeth Wijemanne, Rodney A. Moxley

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The present study tested whether exposure of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) to glucose at different concentrations in the media results in increased bacterial adherence to host cells through increased heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) production, thereby suggesting the effects are physiological. Porcine-origin ETEC strains grown in Casamino acid yeast extract medium containing different concentrations of glucose were washed and inoculated onto IPEC-J2 porcine intestinal epithelial cells to test for effects on adherence and host cell cAMP concentrations. Consistent with previous studies, all LT+ strains had higher ETEC adherence to IPEC-J2 cells than did LT2 strains. Adherence of the LT2 but not the …

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Copy Number Variation In The Horse Genome, Sharmila Ghosh, Zhipeng Qu, Pranab J. Das, Erica Fang, Rytis Juras, E. Gus Cothran, Sue Mcdonell, Daniel G. Kenney, Teri L. Lear, David L. Adelson, Bhanu P. Chowdhary, Terje Raudsepp Oct 2014

Copy Number Variation In The Horse Genome, Sharmila Ghosh, Zhipeng Qu, Pranab J. Das, Erica Fang, Rytis Juras, E. Gus Cothran, Sue Mcdonell, Daniel G. Kenney, Teri L. Lear, David L. Adelson, Bhanu P. Chowdhary, Terje Raudsepp

Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center Faculty Publications

We constructed a 400K WG tiling oligoarray for the horse and applied it for the discovery of copy number variations (CNVs) in 38 normal horses of 16 diverse breeds, and the Przewalski horse. Probes on the array represented 18,763 autosomal and X-linked genes, and intergenic, sub-telomeric and chrY sequences. We identified 258 CNV regions (CNVRs) across all autosomes, chrX and chrUn, but not in chrY. CNVs comprised 1.3% of the horse genome with chr12 being most enriched. American Miniature horses had the highest and American Quarter Horses the lowest number of CNVs in relation to Thoroughbred reference. The Przewalski horse …

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Growing South Dakota (Fall 2014), College Of Agriculture &. Biological Sciences Oct 2014

Growing South Dakota (Fall 2014), College Of Agriculture &. Biological Sciences

Growing South Dakota (Publication of the College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences)

[Page] 2 Abundant Opportunities: Bright Ag & Bio Career Outlook Fuels Enhancements
[Page] 4 Future Focus: New Institute Supports Efforts In Science, Technology, Engineering, Math
[Page] 7 Grant Funding Updates
[Page] 8 Profiles in Leadership: Engaging Students Utilizing Problem-Based Learning
[Page] 9 Profiles in Leadership: The Value Of Experience-Based Learning
[Page] 10 Campus News
[Page] 12 Steps To Ensure Student Success: Support Fostered In Living-Learning Communities
[Page] 14 New Student Advising Model Gets High Marks
[Page] 15 Student To Student: Ag Bio Ambassadors Relish Role As Front Line Recruiters
[Page] 16 Remembering Dr. Robert Pengra: SDSU Alums Establish Tribute Scholarship …

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Efficacy Of Short Novel Antimicrobial And Anti-Inflammatory Peptides In A Mouse Model Of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (Mrsa) Skin Infection, Mohamed F. Mohamed, Mohamed N. Seleem Oct 2014

Efficacy Of Short Novel Antimicrobial And Anti-Inflammatory Peptides In A Mouse Model Of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (Mrsa) Skin Infection, Mohamed F. Mohamed, Mohamed N. Seleem

Department of Comparative Pathobiology Faculty Publications

The therapeutic efficacy of two novel short antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory peptides (RR and RRIKA) was evaluated in a mouse model of staphylococcal skin infection. RR (2%) and RRIKA (2%) significantly reduced the bacterial counts and the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-6, in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureusUSA 300-0114 skin lesions. Furthermore, the combined therapy of RRIKA (1%) and lysostaphin (0.5%) had significantly higher antistaphylococcal and anti-inflammatory activity compared to monotherapy. This study supports the potential use of these peptides for topical treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin infections.

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Review Of The Pathogenesis And Treatment Of Acute Spinal Cord Injury And Investigation Into The Use Of Urine 3-Hpma As A Novel Biomarker Of Secondary Injury After Acute Spinal Cord Injury In The Dog, Andrea Sangster Oct 2014

Review Of The Pathogenesis And Treatment Of Acute Spinal Cord Injury And Investigation Into The Use Of Urine 3-Hpma As A Novel Biomarker Of Secondary Injury After Acute Spinal Cord Injury In The Dog, Andrea Sangster

Open Access Theses

Acute spinal cord injury (ASCI) has two pathophysiological stages of injury: the primary injury and the secondary injury cascade. Primary injury includes the initial or mechanical insult to the spinal cord. Secondary injury is a cascade of biochemical events that propagates damage of adjacent, healthy tissue increasing the overall volume of spinal cord tissue that is affected. Acrolein is a toxic byproduct of lipid peroxidation produced during secondary injury. A metabolite of acrolein-glutathione adduct found in urine, 3-HPMA, has recently been shown to increase after spinal cord injury in a rat model. The aim of our study was to apply …

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The Effects Of Heat Stress On Immunity In Laying Hens And Dairy Cattle, Rebecca Ann Strong Oct 2014

The Effects Of Heat Stress On Immunity In Laying Hens And Dairy Cattle, Rebecca Ann Strong

Open Access Theses

With the increase in global climate change and the population growth driving the high demand for additional food production, heat stress (HS) is a major concern in the livestock industry across all species. Animals experience HS when exposed to high environmental temperatures outside their thermal neutral zone. The level of the effects can vary due to the length and intensity of HS to which the animal is exposed to. In experiment one, laying hens with access to cooled perches during HS had a lower heterophil to lymphocyte ratio compared to the control hens after 4 h of acute heat stress, …

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Prediction Of Parturition And Dystocia In Holstein-Friesian Cattle, And Cesarean Section In Dystocic Beef Cattle, Wen Han Mark Hiew Oct 2014

Prediction Of Parturition And Dystocia In Holstein-Friesian Cattle, And Cesarean Section In Dystocic Beef Cattle, Wen Han Mark Hiew

Open Access Dissertations

Dystocia is a major problem in the dairy industry as it causes livestock and economic loss. It is more frequently seen in primiparous cattle compared to their multiparous counterparts due to their smaller stature and the slow maturation of pelvic dimensions. In some instances, human intervention of the parturition process is imperative to avoid pain, injury, and mortality of the neonate and the dam. The ability to accurately predict dystocia and the time of parturition will ensure that timely assistance can be given to animals that are of high risk of dystocia.^ The present thesis contains four studies that explore …

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Development Of A Fatal Noncompressible Truncal Hemorrhage Model With Combined Hepatic And Portal Venous Injury In Normothermic Normovolemic Swine, Ujwal R. Yanala, Jason M. Johanning, Iraklis I. Pipinos, Gustavo F. Larsen, William H. Velander, Mark A. Carlson Sep 2014

Development Of A Fatal Noncompressible Truncal Hemorrhage Model With Combined Hepatic And Portal Venous Injury In Normothermic Normovolemic Swine, Ujwal R. Yanala, Jason M. Johanning, Iraklis I. Pipinos, Gustavo F. Larsen, William H. Velander, Mark A. Carlson

William H. Velander Publications

Noncompressible truncal hemorrhage and brain injury currently account for most early mortality of warfighters on the battlefield. There is no effective treatment for noncompressible truncal hemorrhage, other than rapid evacuation to a surgical facility. The availability of an effective field treatment for noncompressible truncal hemorrhage could increase the number of warfighters salvaged from this frequently-lethal scenario. Our intent was to develop a porcine model of noncompressible truncal hemorrhage with a ,50% one-hour mortality so that we could develop new treatments for this difficult problem. Normovolemic normothermic domestic swine (barrows, 3 months old, 34–36 kg) underwent one of three injury types …

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The Distribution Pattern Of Halicephalobus Gingivalis In A Horse Is Suggestive Of A Haematogenous Spread Of The Nematode, Christina Henneke, Anna Jespersen, Stine Jacobsen, Martin K. Nielsen, Fintan Mcevoy, Henrik E. Jensen Sep 2014

The Distribution Pattern Of Halicephalobus Gingivalis In A Horse Is Suggestive Of A Haematogenous Spread Of The Nematode, Christina Henneke, Anna Jespersen, Stine Jacobsen, Martin K. Nielsen, Fintan Mcevoy, Henrik E. Jensen

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

The majority of Halicephalobus gingivalis-infections in horses have been fatal and are usually not diagnosed before necropsy. Therefore, knowledge about the nematode and the pathogenesis of infection in horses is limited. This has resulted in an on-going discussion about the port of entry and subsequent dissemination of H. gingivalis within the host. The present case of H. gingivalis-infection in a horse was diagnosed ante mortem. Post mortem findings, the distribution pattern of H. gingivalis nematodes in the brain, a high prevalence of inflammation in close relation to blood vessels, and the presence of the nematode in multiple organs …

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A Rational Framework For Evaluating The Next Generation Of Vaccines Against Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis, John P. Bannantine, Murray E. Hines Ii, Luiz E. Bermudez, Adel M. Talaat, Srinand Sreevatsan, Judith R. Stabel, Yung-Fu Chang, Paul M. Coussens, Raúl G. Barletta, William C. Davis, Desmond M. Collins, Yrjö T. Gröhn, Vivek Kapur Sep 2014

A Rational Framework For Evaluating The Next Generation Of Vaccines Against Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis, John P. Bannantine, Murray E. Hines Ii, Luiz E. Bermudez, Adel M. Talaat, Srinand Sreevatsan, Judith R. Stabel, Yung-Fu Chang, Paul M. Coussens, Raúl G. Barletta, William C. Davis, Desmond M. Collins, Yrjö T. Gröhn, Vivek Kapur

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Since the early 1980s, several investigations have focused on developing a vaccine against Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), the causative agent of Johne's disease in cattle and sheep. These studies used whole-cell inactived vaccines that have proven useful in limiting disease progression, but have not prevented infection. In contrast, modified live vaccines that invoke a Th1 type immune response, may improve protection against infection. Spurred by recent advances in the ability to create defined knockouts in MAP, several independent laboratories have developed modified live vaccine candidates by transcriptional mutation of virulence and metablolic genes in MAP. In order to accelerate …

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Sequence-Based Antigenic Change Prediction By A Sparse Learning Method Incorporating Co-Evolutionary Information., Jialiang Yang, Tong Zhang, Xiu-Feng Wan Sep 2014

Sequence-Based Antigenic Change Prediction By A Sparse Learning Method Incorporating Co-Evolutionary Information., Jialiang Yang, Tong Zhang, Xiu-Feng Wan

CVM Publications

Rapid identification of influenza antigenic variants will be critical in selecting optimal vaccine candidates and thus a key to developing an effective vaccination program. Recent studies suggest that multiple simultaneous mutations at antigenic sites accumulatively enhance antigenic drift of influenza A viruses. However, pre-existing methods on antigenic variant identification are based on analyses from individual sites. Because the impacts of these co-evolved sites on influenza antigenicity may not be additive, it will be critical to quantify the impact of not only those single mutations but also multiple simultaneous mutations or co-evolved sites. Here, we developed and applied a computational method, …

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