Veterinary Medicine Commons^™

Evaluation Of Pain And Prostate Volume Of Dogs Treated With Intra-Prostatic Injection Of Botulinum Toxin Type A, Pintira Thiangthientham, Kaywalee Chatdarong, Suppawiwat Ponglowhapan

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Recently, alternative medical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) using intra-prostatic injection of botulinum toxin type A (BT-A) has been reported in men and mice. However, in terms of animal welfare, it remains questionable when applied to clinical use. This study aimed at evaluating the effects of intra-prostatic injection of BT-A (Botox, Allergan, USA) in dogs. Six healthy intact males with no clinical signs of BPH received 100 units of BT-A by ultrasound-guided transabdominal intra-prostatic injection (50 units of each prostatic lobe). Pain scoring, evaluation of white blood cell counts, cortisol concentrations, and observation of urination behaviour were recorded before …

What Is Your Diagnosis?, Nan Choisunirachon

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Seroprevalence Of Influenza A In Domestic Dogs In Thailand, 2013, Sunicha Chanvatik, Ratanaporn Tangwangvivat, Supassama Chaiyawong, Duangduean Prakairungnamthip, Ranida Tuanudom, Aunyaratana Thontiravong, Alongkorn Amonsin

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Canine influenza viruses (CIVs) have been reported in dogs worldwide. Due to the relatively high risk of influenza A virus (IAV) infections in dogs and humans through dog-human interface, the seroprevalence of IAVs in dogs in Thailand was surveyed. A serological survey of IAV infections in dogs in Thailand was conducted from December 2012 to November 2013 using ELISA assays for detecting anti-nucleoprotein (NP) antibodies (NP-ELISA) and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) tests for detecting HA-specific antibodies using canine H3N2 (CIV-H3N2), human pandemic H1N1 2009 (Human-pH1N1) and human seasonal H3N2 (Human-H3N2) as viral antigens. A total of 9,891 serum samples were obtained …

Association Between Cephalexin Administration And Emergence Of Methicillin-Resistant Coagulase-Positive Staphylococci (Mrcops) In Dogs, Punpichaya Fungwithaya, Pattrarat Chanchaithong, Nathita Phumthanakorn, Passana Muaungkong, Pitikarn Bumpenpol, Mutchamon Kaewparuehaschai, Chanwit Tribudharat, Nuvee Prapasarakul

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The potential transmission of methicillin-resistant coagulase-positive staphylococci (MRCoPS) between dogs and human has been noted as of potential public health concern. The current study aimed to determine the emergence of methicillin-resistant coagulase-positive staphylococci (MRCoPS) in dogs after oral administration of cephalexin. Skin swabs from 38 dogs without a history of antibiotic exposure were collected before drug administration (pre-treatment dogs) and during drug administration within one month (treatment dogs). A total of 196 CoPS were isolated from the nose, perineum and skin lesions. Fewer MRCoPS were isolated from the pre-treatment dogs (7.89%) than from the treatment dogs (p<0.001). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (S.) schleiferi subsp. coagulans (MRSSc) were only recovered from the treatment dogs, whereas methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) were found in both groups. Overall, a high incidence of MRSP was found since the first week after administration. The nose and perineum were confirmed as the most common site of carriage of MRCoPS rather than the skin lesions. In conclusion, the oral cephalexin administration was associated with the emergence of MRCoPS on dog skin, a potential source of contamination to humans.

Genetic Detection And Identification Of Chlamydophila Psittaci In Captive Psittacine Birds In Thailand, Parut Suksai, Benchapol Lorsunyaluck, Patcharida Dittawong, Pornchai Sanyathitiseree, Preeda Lertwatcharasarakul

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Chlamydophilosis is an important, worldwide zoonosis caused by Chlamydophila psittaci. The aim of this study was to detect C. psittaci on choanal and cloacal swabs which were collected from 178 captive psittacine birds (23 different species) from eight provinces in Thailand. ompA gene detection using nested PCR showed that 7.87% (n=14) were positive for C. psittaci. The C. psittaci detection from two site collections (choanal and cloacal swabs) using nested PCR was more sensitive than from one site collection. Most positive samples (n=11) were from asymptomatic adult birds and three other positive birds showing clinical signs were juvenile birds. As …

Control Of Estrus In Gilts And Primiparous Sows, Roy N. Kirkwood, Fabio De Rensis

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The primary controller of weaned pig output is the successful breeding of enough females in the breeding week. The number of females available for breeding is dependent on the number of sows weaned sows and service-ready gilt availability. Primiparous (P1) sows often have longer wean-estrus intervals (WEI) and increased anestrus; ensuring sufficient gilts and sows are available may require control of estrus. Stimulating estrus requires appropriate boar contact or when this is not sufficient, administration of gonadotrophins. If gonadotrophins are used expect estrus 4 to 6 d later and it is usual to breed at the induced estrus. If there …

Comparison Of Effects Of Different Antioxidants Supplemented To Long-Term Extender On Boar Semen Quality Following Storage At 17ºc, Thevin Vongpralub, Pachara Thananurak, Chamaiporn Sittikasamkit, Phirawit Chuawongboon, Monchai Duangjinda, Wuttigrai Boonkum, Vibuntita Chankitisakul

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The use of antioxidants as semen additives in the extender has been proposed to improve sperm function during cool storage. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of different antioxidant supplementation in extender on boar semen quality during storage for 10 days at 17ºC. Semen samples (n=18) were divided into 10 aliquots and diluted with Reading extender supplemented with three different concentrations of water-soluble glutathione, L-carnitine, and vitamin E analogue Trolox (0.1, 1 and 5mM). All samples were stored in a refrigerator at 17ºC for 10 days. Sperm motility was assessed at Days 1, 4, 7 and …

Study Of Genetic Variation Of Captive Asiatic Golden Cat (Pardofelis Temminckii) In Thailand Using Domestic Cat (Felis Catus) Microsatellite Markers, Suwimon Phandee, Janjira Phavaphutanon, Kaikanoke Sirinarumitr, Sudtisa Laopiem, Theerapol Sirinarumitr

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Domestic cat (Felis catus) microsatellite markers were used to determine genetic diversity in 17 captive Asiatic golden cats (Pardofelis temminckii, syn. Catopuma temminckii). Allele numbers, genotype numbers, genetic diversity, heterozygosity, polymorphism information content (PIC) and inbreeding coefficient (f) were observed in each marker. The average values of genotype number, allele number, expected heterozygosity, observed heterozygosity, polymorphism information content (PIC) and inbreeding coefficient (f) were 6.12, 4.71, 0.70, 0.29, 0.65 and 0.62, respectively. These results revealed a reduction in the genetic diversity as shown by the lower value for the observed heterozygosity compared to the expected heterozygosity and the high value …

The Effect Of Various Erythrocyte Species On The Detection Of Avian, Swine And Canine Influenza A Viruses Isolated In Thailand, Aunyaratana Thontiravong, Duangduean Prakairungnamthip, Sunicha Chanvatik, Nutthawan Nonthabenjawan, Wikanda Tunterak, Ratanaporn Tangwangvivat, Kanisak Oraveerakul, Alongkorn Amonsin

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Hemagglutination (HA) and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) tests are conventional, well-known methods used for the detection of influenza A viruses (IAVs) and antibodies to IAVs, respectively. The sensitivity of HA and HI tests is usually affected by the compatibility of sialic acid (SA) receptors on red blood cells (RBCs) with the HA proteins of IAVs. In this study, the erythrocyte binding preferences of sixteen avian, swine and canine IAVs from Thailand were investigated using five erythrocyte sources: chicken, turkey, goose, guinea pig and horse RBCs. The results demonstrated that, turkey RBCs yielded the highest HA titers against most avian, swine and …

Aflatoxin Effect On Humoral And Mucosal Immune Responses Against Infectious Bronchitis Vaccine In Broilers, Babak Shahabi-Ghahfarokhi, Majid Gholami-Ahangaran, Mohsen Jafarian-Dehkordi

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aflatoxin effect on humoral and mucosal immunity against infectious bronchitis (IB) vaccine was studied in 225 one-day-old chicks. The chicks were divided in 3 equal groups. Treatment groups included group A: chickens fed a basal diet, and group B: chickens fed 3 ppm productive aflatoxin in a basal diet. The chickens in groups A and B were vaccinated against IB (at one and 10 days old) by H120 live attenuated vaccine. For group C, chickens did not receive aflatoxin and were not vaccinated against IB. All chickens received experimental diets from 3 to 28 days old, continuously. At 28 …

Foal Deciduous Teeth Stem Cells Enhance Wound Healing In Rabbit Wound Model, Nitipon Srionrod, Ratikorn Bootcha, Soontaree Petchdee

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential use of deciduous teeth stem cells from horses for wound healing in animal wound model. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of foal deciduous teeth stem cells (fDSCs) administration in rabbit excisional wound model. Deciduous teeth stem cells were harvested from horses and full thickness excisional wound was made on rabbits by surgical removal of epidermis and dermis to the depth of subcutaneous fat. New Zealand White rabbits (n=8) were divided into a control group (n=4) and a treatment group (n=4). Multiple injections of fDSCs suspension were intravenously administered …

Comparison Of Two Methods For The Recovery Of Campylobacter From Chicken Carcasses, Suthida Muangnoicharoen, Sakaoporn Prachantasena, Luck Hankla, Taradon Luangtongkum

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Campylobacteriosis, one of the most common food-borne diseases in humans, is mainly caused by the consumption of chicken meat contaminated with Campylobacter. In this study, we examined the recovery rate of Campylobacter from carcass rinse using direct plating method and selective enrichment method. Campylobacter genotypes obtained from both methods were also determined using flaA-short variable region (flaA-SVR) sequencing. Results showed that Campylobacter recovery rates by the direct plating method and selective enrichment method were 40.00% and 46.86%, respectively. However, when a combination of the two methods was used, the recovery rate increased to 64.57%. For genetic characterization of Campylobacter, 9 …

Cisplatin Intralesional Chemotherapy Of Recurrence Schwannoma In Horse: A Case Report, Rungrueang Yodsheewan, Kanittha Phetudomsinsuk

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

A 7-year-old crossbred stallion had multiple solitary cutaneous masses at the right infraorbital area which were recurrent for two months. The biggest mass size was 5 x 7 x 1 cm3 and had superficial bleeding. This case was diagnosed as peripheral nerve sheath tumors based on cytological and histological examination which showed numerous spindle cells with cancerous characteristics, cell patterns of the tumor were interlacing bundle and a whirl. Most areas showed tense palisading nuclei of tumor cells (Verocay bodies) known as Antoni A area. The rest showed loose paucicellular tissue known as Antoni B area. Within histologic sections, the …

Ophthalmology Snapshot, Nalinee Tuntivanich

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Application Of Real-Time Pcr For Quantifying Gastrointestinal Microbiota In Weaning Pigs Influenced By Dietary Feed Additive Supplementation, Phattarapon Chaloemnon, Mullika Traidej Chomnawang, Wirawan Junlapho, Nuanchan Paraksa

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

To apply real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect and quantify the gastrointestinal microbiota modulated by dietary feed additives was the objective of this study. Sixty-four three-crossbred weaning piglets at 24 days were used and randomly assigned to be fed one of the experimental diets supplemented with different feed additives (0.2% inulin, 0.1% fructooligosaccharide and sub-therapeutic antibiotics), and compared with the non-supplemented group. Comparison of microbiota enumeration by conventional culture and real-time PCR methods in response to feed additives was investigated. The microbiota enumeration by conventional culture and real-time PCR methods showed corresponding responses of selected bacterial counts (Lactobacilli, Bifidobacteria, …

Evaluation Of Amelogenin And Zinc-Finger Loci For Sex Identification In Captive Felids, Suwimon Phandee, Janjira Phavaphutanon, Kaikanoke Sirinarumitr, Sudtisa Laopiem, Theerapol Sirinarumitr

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The amelogenin and zinc-finger regions were used for sex determination in six species of felids: Felis catus (Persian cat), Felis chaus (jungle cat), Prionailurus bengalensis (leopard cat), Pardofelis temminckii (Asiatic golden cat), Panthera tigris (tiger) and Prionailurus viverrinus (fishing cat). The amelogenin region in all six felids could be successfully amplified and gave a heterozygous genotype in males and a homozygous genotype in females, except for leopard cats which showed a heterozygous genotype in both sexes. The PCR products from the zinc-finger region could be amplified in Persian cats, Asiatic golden cats, tigers and fishing cats. In the Persian cat, …

Influence Of Oil Or Fat Supplementation On Rumen Fermentation Characteristics And Ruminal Fluid Fatty Acid Profile In Brahman Crossbred Fattening Steers, Pitunart Noosen, Pipat Lounglawan, Wisitiporn Suksombat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aim of this experiment was to study the influence of oil or fat supplementation on rumen fermentation and ruminal fluid fatty acid profiles in Brahman crossbred steers. Twelve steers (87.5% Brahman crossbred) with average live weight (LW) of 337+54 kg and approximate age of 2 years old were stratified by their LW into 4 groups and each group was randomly assigned to four dietary treatments. All steers were fed 14% CP concentrate. The treatments included: 1) 7 kg/d concentrate, 2) 4 kg/d concentrate supplemented with 200 g/d palm oil (PO), 3) 4 kg/d concentrate supplemented with 100 g/d PO …

Distribution Of Tem-1 Gene In Salmonella Enterica Isolated From Poultry Carcasses In Iran, Abbas Doosti, Ali Zohoor, Mohammad Chehelgerdi, Abbas Mokhtari-Farsani

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Salmonella is one of the most important bacteria isolated from poultry and a major source of bacterial infection to human. The aim of present research was to study TEM-1 beta-lactamase gene in serovars of S. enterica subsp. enterica isolated from poultry carcasses samples in Iran. A total of 600 samples of poultry carcasses were collected and Salmonella was isolated from the samples using bacterial culture methods and genomic DNA was extracted using DNA extraction kit. For the final approval of Salmonella, identification of S. enterica subsp. enterica, S. enterica serovars and TEM-1 gene sequence-specific targets (16S rRNA, fliC, rfbJ, fljB …

Involucrin Expression And Association With Ki-67 In Paraffin Embedded Tissue Of Canine Skin Tumors: A Retrospective Study, Nongnut Assawawongkasem, Gunnaporn Suriyaphol, Sayamon Srisuwattanasagul, Sirin Theerawatanasirikul, Achariya Sailasuta

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Involucrin (INV) is a cornified envelope precursor protein that is commonly used as an early stage marker of human terminal keratinocyte differentiation. This research investigated the expression of INV in canine skin tumors using 56 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedding (FFPE) biopsied specimens. The expression of INV was investigated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and RT-PCR. Correlation between INV and Ki-67 was also performed. The malignant tumor groups showed significantly different INV staining scores and Ki-67 positive cells than the normal skin group by IHC (p<0.05). The INV scores of moderately differentiated SCC (MSCC), trichoblastoma (TCB), basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and poorly differentiated SCC (PSCC) significantly decreased, with a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). Interestingly, the INV of poorly differentiated SCC disappeared in some specimens. The INV expression in most tumors was found to be inversely proportionate to Ki-67 positive cells. In addition, only SCC regardless of tumor grade without tumor-graded specimens showed an inversely statistically significant difference between the Ki-67 positive cells and INV expression (p<0.0001). In RT-PCR, mRNA expression of the FFPE specimens showed substantial similarity of INV expression as in IHC. It is suggested that the INV expression should be further studied in terms of clinical prognosis in canine cutaneous SCC.

Mechanical Conflict System: A Novel Operant Method For The Assessment Of Nociceptive Behavior, Steven E. Harte, Jessica B. Meyers, Renee R. Donahue, Bradley K. Taylor, Thomas J. Morrow

Physiology Faculty Publications

A new operant test for preclinical pain research, termed the Mechanical Conflict System (MCS), is presented. Rats were given a choice either to remain in a brightly lit compartment or to escape to a dark compartment by crossing an array of height-adjustable nociceptive probes. Latency to escape the light compartment was evaluated with varying probe heights (0, .5, 1, 2, 3, and 4 mm above compartment floor) in rats with neuropathic pain induced by constriction nerve injury (CCI) and in naive control rats. Escape responses in CCI rats were assessed following intraperitoneal administration of pregabalin (10 and 30 mg/kg), morphine …

Taylor, Charles Forman, Jr., 1862-1946 (Sc 2975), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Manuscript Collection Finding Aids

Finding aid and scan (Click on "Additional Files" below) for Manuscripts Small Collection 2975. Letter, 21 October 1939, written by druggist Charles Forman Taylor Jr., Bowling Green, Kentucky to Joe Werthan, Nashville, Tennessee, describing a cough syrup to be used on Mr. Werthan’s horses. The letter includes a list of Taylor’s other equine medications with prices.

Evaluation Of Calving Indicators Measured By Automated Monitoring Devices To Predict The Onset Of Calving In Holstein Dairy Cows, V. Ouellet, E. Vasseur, W. Heuwieser, O. Burfeind, X. Maldague, É. Charbonneau

Physiology Collection

Dystocias are common in dairy cows and often adversely affect production, reproduction, animal welfare, labor, and economics within the dairy industry. An automated device that accurately predicts the onset of calving could potentially minimize the effect of dystocias by enabling producers to intervene early. Although many well-documented indicators can detect the imminence of calving, research is limited on their effectiveness to predict calving when measured by automated devices. The objective of this experiment was to determine if a decrease in vaginal temperature (VT), rumination (RT), and lying time (LT), or an increase in lying bouts (LB), as measured by …

The Effects Of Acidified Pepsin On Porcine Vocal Fold Tissue: Developing A Porcine Model Of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease, Abigail Cox Durkes

Open Access Dissertations

Approximately 7.5 million Americans are affected by a voice disorder. In the last year, 7.2% of people missed one or more days of work due to a voice problem. For professional voice users, such as teachers, the rate increases to 20% and an annual cost of $2.5 billion. Voice disorders are complex and multi-faceted, as well as difficult to diagnose and treat. Prospective animal studies are necessary to study the pathophysiology of voice disorders, optimize our understanding of laryngeal pathology, and improve treatment outcomes. The pig provides a unique opportunity to test hypotheses relating to laryngeal disease because porcine vocal …

The Pseudorabies Virus Protein, Pul56, Enhances Virus Dissemination And Virulence But Is Dispensable For Axonal Transport, Gina R. Daniel, Patricia J. Sollars, Gary E. Pickard, Gregory A. Smith

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Neurotropic herpesviruses exit the peripheral nervous system and return to exposed body surfaces following reactivation from latency. The pUS9 protein is a critical viral effector of the anterograde axonal transport that underlies this process. We recently reported that while pUS9 increases the frequency of sorting of newly assembled pseudorabies virus particles to axons from the neural soma during egress, subsequent axonal transport of individual virus particles occurs with wild-type kinetics in the absence of the protein. Here, we examine the role of a related pseudorabies virus protein, pUL56, during neuronal infection. The findings indicate that pUL56 is a virulence factor …

Local Admixture Of Amplified And Diversified Secreted Pathogenesis Determinants Shapes Mosaic Toxoplasma Gondii Genomes, Hernan Lorenzi, Asis Khan, Michael S. Behnke, Sivaranjani Namasivayam, Lakshmipuram S. Swapna, Michalis Hadjithomas, Svetlana Karamycheva, Deborah Pinney, Brian P. Brunk, James W. Ajioka, Daniel Ajzenberg, John C. Boothroyd, Jon P. Boyle, Marie L. Dardé, Maria A. Diaz-Miranda, Jitender P. Dubey, Heather M. Fritz, Solange M. Gennari, Brian D. Gregory, Kami Kim, Jeroen P. J. Saeij, Chunlei Su, Michael W. White, Xing-Quan Zhu, Daniel K. Howe, Benjamin M. Rosenthal, Michael E. Grigg, John Parkinson, Liang Liu, Jessica C. Kissinger

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Toxoplasma gondii is among the most prevalent parasites worldwide, infecting many wild and domestic animals and causing zoonotic infections in humans. T. gondii differs substantially in its broad distribution from closely related parasites that typically have narrow, specialized host ranges. To elucidate the genetic basis for these differences, we compared the genomes of 62 globally distributed T. gondii isolates to several closely related coccidian parasites. Our findings reveal that tandem amplification and diversification of secretory pathogenesis determinants is the primary feature that distinguishes the closely related genomes of these biologically diverse parasites. We further show that the unusual population structure …

Noninvasive Assessment Of Cardiac Abnormalities In Experimental Autoimmune Myocarditis By Magnetic Resonance Microscopy Imaging In The Mouse, Chandirasegaran Massilamany, Vahid Khalilzad-Sharghi, Arunakumar Gangaplara, David Steffen, Shadi F. Othman, Jay Reddy

Jay Reddy Publications

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the myocardium, but only ~10% of those affected show clinical manifestations of the disease. To study the immune events of myocardial injuries, various mouse models of myocarditis have been widely used. This study involved experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) induced with cardiac myosin heavy chain (Myhc)-α 334-352 in A/J mice; the affected animals develop lymphocytic myocarditis but with no apparent clinical signs. In this model, the utility of magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM) as a non-invasive modality to determine the cardiac structural and functional changes in animals immunized with Myhc-α 334-352 is shown. EAM and healthy mice …

Research Of The Effects Of Autologous Cancellous Bone Graft And Hyaluronic Acidon The Healing Of Bone Defects Experimentally Induced In Rabbits, Aydin Sağliyan, Mehmet Cengi̇z Han, Eni̇s Karabulut, Mustafa Özkaraca

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study investigated the effect of autograft and hyaluronic acid (HA) in terms of clinical, radiological, and histopathological aspects on the healing of experimentally induced bone defects. The animals (n = 42) were assorted into 3 groups. After general anesthesia, a 3-mm standard defect was formed from the tibia of the experimental animals. The defects in Group I (n = 14) were left blank. Cancellous grafts in the proximal tibia were collected using a small curette to fill the defects in Group II (n = 14). The defects in Group III (n = 14) were filled by mixing with …

Growing South Dakota (Winter 2016), College Of Agriculture &. Biological Sciences

Growing South Dakota (Publication of the College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences)

This issue includes the 2015 South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station Annual Report.

[Page] 2 Director's Message
[Page] 3 Concentrating On Cattle: Researcher Studying Mechanics To Improve Reproduction Efficiency In Beef Cattle
[Page] 5 At The Forefront: SDSU Diagnostic Lab Scientists Sequence Avian Influenza Genome
[Page] 6 Seeking Superior Wheat: Breeder Using Extensive Genome Testing To Improve Winter Wheat Cultivars
[Page] 8 Profiles In Leadership: Plant And Fungi Interactions May Offer New Plant Production Possibilities
[Page] 9 Targeting Emerging Diseases: Plant Pathologists Working To Better Manage Soybean & Sunflower Diseases
[Page] 10 Compelling New Crop: Carinata Offers Potential For Crop Diversity, …

Exploring Attitudes Toward Euthanasia Among Shelter Workers And Volunteers In Japan And The U.S., Maho Cavalier

HSU STUDENT THESES AND CAPSTONE PROJECTS

Conflicts between foreign and Japanese volunteers concerning decisions to euthanize animals that are in terminal condition were noted during anecdotal observation by this author at a Japanese animal rescue shelter. Thus, this research was undertaken to explore attitudes of shelter staff in Japan. As a point of comparison, U. S. shelter workers were also interviewed. Twenty current or former shelter workers (16 participants from Japan and 4 participants from the U.S.), ranging in age from 20 to 65, were interviewed. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with the Japanese participants; e-mail and/or Skype were used to conduct the interviews with the participants …

Dry Period Plane Of Energy: Effects On Glucose Tolerance In Transition Dairy Cows, S. Mann, F. A. Leal Yepes, M. Duplessis, J. J. Wakshlag, T. R. Overton, B. P. Cummings, D. V. Nydam

Physiology Collection

Overfeeding energy in the dry period can affect glucose metabolism and the energy balance of transition dairy cows with potential detrimental effects on the ability to successfully adapt to early lactation. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of different dry cow feeding strategies on glucose tolerance and on resting concentrations of blood glucose, glucagon, insulin, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) in the peripartum period. Cows entering second or greater lactation were enrolled at dry-off (57 d before expected parturition) into 1 of 3 treatment groups following a randomized block design: cows …