Veterinary Medicine Commons^™

Experimental Infection Of Conventional Nursing Pigs And Their Dams With Porcine Deltacoronavirus, Sarah Vitosh-Sillman, John Dustin Loy, Bruce W. Brodersen, Clayton L. Kelling, Alan R. Doster, Christina L. Topliff, Eric A. Nelson, Jianfa Bai, Erin Schirtzinger, Elizabeth Poulsen, Barbara Meadors, Joseph Anderson, Benjamin Hause, Gary Anderson, Richard Hesse

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a newly identified virus that has been detected in swine herds of North America associated with enteric disease. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the pathogenicity, course of infection, virus kinetics, and aerosol transmission of PDCoV using 87 conventional piglets and their 9 dams, including aerosol and contact controls to emulate field conditions. Piglets 2–4 days of age and their dams were administered an oronasal PDCoV inoculum with a quantitative real-time reverse transcription (qRT)-PCR quantification cycle (Cq) value of 22 that was generated from a field sample having 100% nucleotide identity to USA/Illinois121/2014 determined …

Differential Protein Expression In Haemolymph Of First-Stage Red Sternum Mud Crabs (Scylla Serrata), Pattarawadee Srimeetian, Suriyan Tunkijjanukij

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Mud crab (Scylla serrata) is one of the important commercial aquatic animals in Thailand. A cause of death in crab farm is red sternum syndrome. The aim of this research was to characterize differential protein expression in the haemolymph of normal mud crabs and first-stage red sternum mud crabs using gel filtration chromatography on a Sephacryl S-200 chromatography column for protein purification. Results showed that the haemolymph of the red sternum mud crabs presented two fractions (F1 and F2) that were not found in that of the normal mud crabs. Subsequently, these peak fractions were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) …

Inspection Of C-Type Lectin Superfamily Expression Profile In Chicken And Mouse Dendritic Cells, Kaj Chokeshaiusaha, Roongroje Thanawongnuwech, Denis Puthier, Catherine Nguyen

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

C-type lectin superfamily is a cell surface molecule family well-recognized for its role in inducing and tailoring dendritic cell (DC) immune response. Despite its importance in DC targeting and activation, knowledge about C-type lectin family expression in chicken DC is still limited, and thus hinders its utilization for poultry DC vaccine development. In this study, expressions of C-type lectin orthologous gene among available chicken and mouse DC subsets were determined for expression levels and differential expression patterns. Leukocyte microarray datasets and bone marrow-derived DC mRAN-sequencing datasets were pre-processed prior to observation and comparison. Data virtualization revealed variation in C-type lectin …

Detection Of Giant Fibres In Undernourished Fetal Sheep Muscle, Berjan Demirtas

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

During an investigation the occurrence of giant muscle fibres was noted in fetal sheep skeletal muscle. The opportunity was, therefore, taken to clarify the histochemical and ultrastructural characteristics of these fibres and to understand if environmental stress such as maternal undernutrition during gestation affects the occurrence of these giant fibres in fetal sheep muscle. Welsh mountain ewes were randomly assigned to either the control group or the nutrient restricted group. The restricted animals received 50% of their daily nutritional requirement from the time of conception until 70 days of gestation and then 100% of their daily nutritional requirement thereafter. The …

Evidence Of Ranavirus In A Green Tree Frog (Litoria Caerulea) In Captive Zoo, Nopadon Pirarat, Angkana Sommanustweechai, Somporn Techangamsuwan

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Ranavirus is one of the causative agents responsible for the rapid decline in amphibian populations worldwide. The objectives of this study were to detect and to genetically characterize ranavirus infection in 36 liver tissues obtained from dead imported zoo amphibians in Thailand. Polymerase chain reaction and molecular phylogenetic analysis was performed based on nucleotide sequences containing major capsid protein gene. Results showed 1 positive sample (~531 bp) from a green tree frog (Litoria caerulea). The virus was highly homologous (98%) and closely related to ranavirus. Our results extend the risk and evidence of ranavirus infection in zoo amphibian in Thailand.

Quantitative Method For Detecting Staphylococcus Aureus Using Bio-Theta Doxtm System, Shouichi Tanno, Naoki Fukui, Yukihiro Utaka, Yumiko Itabashi, Yukio Morita, Sumalee Boonmar

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

We developed a novel quantitative method for detecting S. aureus using the DOXTM system. A total of 19 strains of S. aureus, and 36 strains of non-S. aureus containing 27 species were examined. The mean positive rate of the high- (103 CFU/ml), medium- (102 CFU/ml), and low-concentration (10 CFU/ml) S. aureus samples was all 100%. The relationship between detection time and bacterial count of the 19 S. aureus had a good linear calibration curve. For the 36 non-S. aureus samples, the mean negative rates for the high-concentration (106 CFU/ml) samples and the medium-concentration (103 CFU/ml) samples were both 94.4% (34/36). …

Molecular Characterization Of Histomonas Meleagridis In Clinical Samples Of Chickens From Eastern China, Jinjun Xu, Chanbao Qu, Pin Guo, Zhennan Zhuo, Dandan Liu, Jianping Tao

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Histomonas meleagridis (H. meleagridis) is a protozoan parasite that may cause histomoniasis, a disease of special importance to the poultry industry and public health. The molecular characterization of H. meleagridis in China has not been established. The 5.8S and flanking ITS regions were amplified by polymerase chain reaction from 15 liver samples of chickens which were preliminarily diagnosed with H. meleagridis infection by observing clinical symptoms and macroscopic changes in the organs in Eastern China between 2012 and 2013. The obtained sequences were aligned and compared with other known sequences of H. meleagridis and related protozoan species based on ITS1-5.8S …

Effectiveness Of Disease Modifying Osteoarthritis Agents And Carprofen For Treatment Of Canine Osteoarthritis, Irin Kwananocha, Monchanok Vijarnsorn, Narudee Kashemsant, Chalermpol Lekcharoensuk

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

A prospective, randomized, single-blinded study was conducted to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of disease modifying osteoarthritis agents (DMOAAs) and carprofen by using force plate gait analysis and orthopaedic assessment score (OAS) in osteoarthritic dogs. Forty dogs with hip and/or stifle osteoarthritis (OA) were assigned randomly into four treatment groups: PCSO-524, treated with a marine-based fatty-acid compound; GC-ASU, treated with a combination of glucosamine-chondroitin sulphate and avocado/soybean unsaponifiables; CPF, treated with carprofen; and CPF-PCSO, treated with a combination of carprofen and PCSO-524. Each group received the therapeutic agent orally for four weeks. Peak vertical force (PVF), OAS, haematology and blood …

Effects Of Dietary Betaine Supplementation On Back Fat Thickness And Serum Igf-1 In Late Finishing Pigs, Muttarin Lothong, Kittipong Tachampa, Pornchalit Assavacheep, Kris Angkanaporn

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study was performed in finishing pigs to investigate the effects of betaine HCl on carcass fat deposition and lipid metabolism in relation to growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) alterations. Sixty cross-bred finishing pigs (30 gilts and 30 barrows) with an average initial body weight of 74.0±1.8 kg were randomly allocated into two groups, each with six replicate pens. Each group was fed either 0% or 0.125% betaine HCl supplementation for 41 days. Results showed that the betaine HCl supplementation had no effect on growth performance (P>0.05). In the betaine-supplemented group, Lenden-speck-quotient index, average back …

Performance Analysis Of The Combined Plug-Flow Anaerobic Digester (Pfad) And Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (Uasb) For Treating Swine Wastewater In Thailand, Chackrit Nuengjamnong, Pichaya Rachdawong

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The objective of this research was to analyze the overall performance, especially the removal efficiency, of the combined plug-flow anaerobic digester (PFAD) and upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) system, at a large swine farm in Thailand. Eighty-four wastewater samples from the digester were collected during the observation period of 302 days. Appropriate influent and effluent regions were selected for wastewater collection. Treatment efficiencies of the system were evaluated by key parameters such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD), total solids (TS), total suspended solids (TSS) and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN). In addition, microbiological parameters such as …

Prevalence Of Clostridium Perfringens Β2-Toxin In Sheep And Goat Population In Punjab, Pakistan, Mudassar Mohiuddin, Zahid Iqbal, Sajjad Ur Rahman

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Clostridium perfringens presents persistent threat to small animals in causing moderate to severe enterotoxemia. The pathogenicity of C. perfringens depends on the production of four major toxins. In addition to the major toxins, beta2 (β2) toxin, a minor toxin, is also produced by some strains of C. perfringens. In this study, a total of 107 fecal samples collected from healthy and diseased sheep and goats were cultured and processed for biochemical analysis. On the basis of biochemical characterization, 61 isolates were confirmed as C. perfringens. In order to detect C. perfringens types, multiplex PCR assay was carried out for the …

Perineal Hernia Containing Pregnant Uterus In A Doe, E. Sinem Ozdemir Salci, Baris Guner

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

A Saanen Maltese mixed-breed doe, about 5 years old, at last gestation, was presented with a complaint of a gradually enlarging swelling on the caudo-ventral area of the abdomen and proximal part of the udders. In clinical examination, abdominal distension and enlargement, a swelling beginning at the right perineal region and extending to the caudo-ventral area of the abdomen and the dorsal site of the udders, were observed. Two fetus and their organs (extremities) were felt by palpation of the swelling. Pulsations of the yeanlings in the swelling were determined by ultrasonographic examination. Vaginal examination result was normal and cervix …

Ichthyosis Congenita In A Calf: Case Report, Saeed Azimpour, Farhang Sasani, Parham Mottaghian, Amin Anoushepour

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The purpose of this report was to present the clinical and pathological features of ichthyosis congenital observed in a cross-bred Holstein calf. The calf showed regions of alopecia and moderately thickened, fissured skin at birth. The major dermatopathological feature was diffuse lamellar orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis with severe multiple follicular keratosis along with mild acanthosis. The definitive diagnosis was based on history, physical examination, and dermatopathological findings.

Ecg Quiz, Chollada Buranakarl, Piyasiri Glangosol, Anusak Kijtawornrat, Saikaew Sutayatram

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Ophthalmology Snapshot, Nalinee Tuntivanich

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Management Strategies In Farrowing House To Improve Piglet Pre-Weaning Survival And Growth, Ramon Muns Vila, Padet Tummaruk

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Post-partum and lactation are the most complex periods in the swine production chain. Newborn pigs are highly vulnerable due to relatively low body weight at birth and physiological immaturity. Most of the management strategies performed in farrowing houses are oriented to ensure a proper level of colostrum intake by the piglets. Colostrum is essential as an energy source and to provide passive immunity to piglets. Different farrowing supervising protocols have been comprehensively investigated to reduce early mortality as well as to assist newborn piglets in obtaining an optimal amount of colostrum and milk. However, little is known of the benefits …

Rna Interference Targeting Glycoprotein D Inhibits Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis Virus Replication In Mdbk Cells, Lingling Song, Hui Zhang, Hongmei Wang, Peili Hou, Xianzhu Xia, Hongbin He

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) is an acute, febrile, contagious disease caused by infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV). IBRV vaccine is considered to be partially effective but not yet completely successful. Therefore, establishing a new antiviral approach is critical. RNA interference (RNAi) has been rapidly developed in recent years as an antiviral therapy for several viruses. This study showed that RNAi could suppress IBRV replication via knockdown of a virion glycoprotein. Two recombinant lentiviral vectors containing short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) (H1-RNA-121, H1-RNA-304) against the glycoprotein gD of IBRV and a pcDNA3-gD vector containing a FLAG tag were constructed. pcDNA3-gD and the …

Evidence Of Kisspeptin Receptor Expression In Gnrh Neurons In The Preoptic Area And Arcuate Hypothalamic Nuclei In Cycling Buffaloes, Thuchadaporn Chaikhun-Marcou, Pongsiwa Sotthibandhu, Victoria Kyle, Shel Hwa Yeo, William Henry Colledge, Siriwat Suadsong

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Our previous study reported the expression of kisspeptin in the preoptic area (POA) and arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus of cycling buffalo cows. In ruminants, POA and ARC are the main hypothalamic nuclei through which kisspeptin acts on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, due to their stimulation of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion. In many species, kisspeptin activates GnRH neurons via its receptors (KISS1R or GPR54). The present study was designed to explore the expression of KISS1R by GnRH neurons in the POA and ARC hypothalamic nuclei in buffalo cow brains by double-labeling immunohistochemistry. In both the POA and ARC areas, …

Postnatal Ontogeny Of Small Intestinal Histomorphology, Crypt Cell Proliferation And Peptide Transporter 1 Gene Expression In Piglets, Boonrit Thongsong, Sureerat Suthongsa, Massupha Wiyaporn

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Ontogeny of the morphology, cell proliferation, and peptide transporters in each region of the small intestine support optimal nutritional status and growth of pigs from early to later life. To assess these, growth of piglets was studied at birth (d 0), suckling (d 7), weaning (d 21) and post-weaning (d 28, 49 and 77) days. Hematology, small intestinal histomorphology, crypt cell proliferation, and peptide transporter 1 (PepT1) mRNA expression were measured from the animals at newborn, and at 7, 21, 49 and 77 days old. Among the three age groups (newborn to 21, 21 to 28 and 21 to 77 …

Quantitative-Genetic Analysis Of Growth Intensity Of Autochthonous Breeds Mangalitsa Pigs Reared In Traditional And Modern Systems, Dragomir Lukač, Radoslav Šević, Vitomir Vidović, Nikola Puvača, Vladimir Tomović, Natalija Džinić

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aim of this study was to analyse growth intensity of Mangalitsa pig breed reared in two different systems, traditional and modern (intensive), which provides basic indicators of the economy of the rearing of this pig breed. The study included 13 litters (78 pigs) of Mangalitsa reared in the traditional system (MTS) and 13 litters (98 pigs) reared in the modern system (MMS). In the rearing phase there were 60 MTS piglets and 90 MMS piglets, and in the fattening phase 53 MTS pigs and 71 MMS pigs. Genetic parameters were estimated using the restricted maximum likelihood (REML) procedure based …

Efficacy Of Different Vaccination Programs Of Live 4/91 Strain Against Thai Qx-Like Infectious Bronchitis Virus In Broiler Chickens, Tawatchai Pohuang, Sarawut Tanasatian, Jiroj Sasipreeyajan

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Thai QX-like infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) has caused problems in commercial chicken farms as well as small farms in many parts of Thailand. This study investigated the level of protection generated by vaccination with different IBV vaccination programs, 4/91 strain against Thai QX-like IBV. One hundred 1 day old female broiler chickens were randomly divided into 5 groups of 20 chickens each. The chickens in Group 1 were vaccinated with Ma5 strain IBV vaccine at 1 day old and with 4/91 strain IBV vaccine at 14 days old. The chickens in Group 2 were vaccinated with Ma5 and simultaneously with …

Prrsv Genetic Variation After The 2010 Hp-Prrsv Introduction In Thailand, Korakrit Poonsuk, Jirapat Arunorat, Nanthiya Iampraphat, Komkrich Teankum, Roongroje Thanawongnuwech

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

After the first introduction of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) into Thailand, Thai type 1 PRRSV has existed in the Thai swine population and caused subclinical diseases while type 2 PRRSV, which most PRRSV isolates belong to, has caused moderate to severe diseases. Highly pathogenic-PRRSV (HP-PRRSV) has recently emerged in Thailand, causing significant damages since its first introduction in 2010. Genetic characterization of Thai PRRSV isolates collected from several clinically affected swine herds distributed in different geographical locations in 2012 was analyzed using a comparative analysis between 2 hyper-variable regions, NSP2 and ORF5. Eleven selected PRRSV clinical samples …

A Case Of Pyometra With Leiomyoma, Paraovarian Cyst And Sutured Vagina In A Bitch, Murside Ayse Demirel, Duygu Baki Acar

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The present case report describes a 6-year-old, mixed-breed bitch that was referred due to anorexia, polyuria, polydipsia, and lethargy for 2 weeks. The bitch had been spayed 4 years previously at a different clinic. Vaginal inspection by speculum and cytology was not possible because the vaginal canal had been closed surgically. Stump pyometra was suspected upon ultrasonographic and clinical examination. However, the whole uterus and ovaries were observed during surgery. Thus, the bitch had in fact not been spayed as noted anamnesis, but rather the vagina had been sutured to prevent copulation. Histopathological analysis of the uterus and ovaries revealed …

What Is Your Diagnosis?, Nan Choisunirachon

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Surveillance, Epidemiological, And Virological Detection Of Highly Pathogenic H5n1 Avian Influenza Viruses In Duck And Poultry From Bangladesh, Wahedul Karim Ansari, Md Safiullah Parvej, Mohamed E. El Zowalaty, Sally Jackson, Stephen A. Bustin, Adel K. Ibrahim, Md Tanvir Rahman, Han Zhang, Mohammad Ferdousur Rahman Khan, Md Mostakin Ahamd, Md. Fasiur Rahman, Marzia Rahman, Khm Nazmul H. Nazir, Sultan Ahmed, Md Liakot Hossenn, Md Abdul Kafi, Mat Yamage, Nitish C. Debnath, Graba Ahmed, Hossam Ashour, Md Masoud, Ayman Noreddin, Md B. Rahman

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) continue to pose a global threat. Waterfowl are the main reservoir and are responsible for the spillover of AIVs to other hosts. This study was conducted as part of routine surveillance activities in Bangladesh and it reports on the serological and molecular detection of H5N1 AIV subtype. A total of 2169 cloacal and 2191 oropharyngeal swabs as well as 1725 sera samples were collected from live birds including duck and chicken in different locations in Bangladesh between the years of 2013 and 2014. Samples were tested using virus isolation, serological tests and molecular methods of RT-PCR. …

Trophoblast Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Expression Is Associated With Immune-Mediated Rejection Of Bovine Fetuses Produced By Cloning, Heloisa M. Rutigliano, Aaron J. Thomas, Amanda Wilhelm, Benjamin R. Sessions, Brady A. Hicks, Donald H. Schlafer, Kenneth L. White, Christopher J. Davies

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Trophoblast cells from bovine somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) conceptuses express major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) proteins early in gestation, and this may be one cause of the significant first-trimester embryonic mortality observed in these pregnancies. MHC-I homozygous-compatible (n = 9), homozygous-incompatible (n = 8), and heterozygous-incompatible (n = 5) SCNT pregnancies were established. The control group consisted of eight pregnancies produced by artificial insemination. Uterine and placental samples were collected on Day 35 ± 1 of pregnancy, and expression of MHC-I, leukocyte markers, and cytokines were examined by immunohistochemistry. Trophoblast cells from all SCNT pregnancies expressed MHC-I, while …

Neutering Of German Shepherd Dogs: Associated Joint Disorders, Cancers And Urinary Incontinence, Benjamin L. Hart, Lynette A. Hart, Abigail P. Thigpen, Neil H. Willits

Endocrinology Collection

German Shepherd Dogs are important in police and military work, and are a popular family pet. The debilitating joint disorders of hip dysplasia, cranial cruciate ligament tear (CCL) and elbow dysplasia can shorten a dog’s useful working life and impact its role as a family member. For this study, veterinary hospital records were examined over a 14.5-year period on 1170 intact and neutered (including spaying) German Shepherd Dogs for joint disorders and cancers previously associated with neutering. The diseases were followed through 8 years of age, with the exception of mammary cancer (MC) in females that was followed through 11 …

Insulin-Dependent Glucose Metabolism In Dairy Cows With Variable Fat Mobilization Around Calving, C. Weber, C. T. Schäff, U. Kautzsch, S. Börner, S. Erdmann, S. Görs, M. Röntgen, H. Sauerwein, R. M. Bruckmaier, C. C. Metges, B. Kuhla, H. M. Hammon

Physiology Collection

Dairy cows undergo significant metabolic and endocrine changes during the transition from pregnancy to lactation, and impaired insulin action influences nutrient partitioning toward the fetus and the mammary gland. Because impaired insulin action during transition is thought to be related to elevated body condition and body fat mobilization, we hypothesized that over-conditioned cows with excessive body fat mobilization around calving may have impaired insulin metabolism compared with cows with low fat mobilization. Nineteen dairy cows were grouped according to their average concentration of total liver fat (LFC) after calving in low [LLFC; LFC <24% total fat/dry matter (DM); n = 9] and high (HLFC; LFC >24.4% total fat/DM; n = 10) fat-mobilizing …

A Cluster Of Trace-Concentration Methamphetamine Identifications In Racehorses Associated With A Methamphetamine-Contaminated Horse Trailer: A Report And Analysis, Kimberly Brewer, Theodore F. Shults, Jacob Machin, Sucheta Kudrimoti, Rodney L. Eisenberg, Petra Hartman, Caroline Wang, Clara Fenger, Pierre Beaumier, Thomas Tobin

Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center Faculty Publications

Three low concentration methamphetamine “positive” tests were linked to use of a methamphetamine-contaminated trailer to transport the affected horses. This incident establishes methamphetamine as a human-use substance that can inadvertently enter the environment of racing horses, resulting in urinary methamphetamine “positives;” an interim regulatory cut-off of 15 ng/mL for methamphetamine in post-race urine is proposed.

Whole Genomic Sequence Analysis Of Bacillus Infantis: Defining The Genetic Blueprint Of Strain Nrrl B-14911, An Emerging Cardiopathogenic Microbe, Chandirasegara Massilamany, Akram Mohammed, John Dustin Loy, Tanya Purvis, Bharathi Krishnan, Rakesh H. Basavalingappa, Christy M. Kelley, Chittibabu Guda, Raúl G. Barletta, Etsuko N. Moriyama, Timothy P.L. Smith, Jay Reddy

Jay Reddy Publications

Background: We recently reported the identification of Bacillus sp. NRRL B-14911 that induces heart autoimmunity by generating cardiac-reactive T cells through molecular mimicry. This marine bacterium was originally isolated from the Gulf of Mexico, but no associations with human diseases were reported. Therefore, to characterize its biological and medical significance, we sought to determine and analyze the complete genome sequence of Bacillus sp. NRRL B-14911.

Results: Based on the phylogenetic analysis of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, sequence analysis of the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic transcribed spacers, phenotypic microarray, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-offlight mass spectrometry, we propose that this …