Veterinary Medicine Commons^™

The Relationship Of Abortion, Dog Management And Neospora Caninum In Dairy Herds In Taiwan, Hsu-Hsun Lee, Chen-Chih Chen, Yi-Lun Tsai, Shyh-Shyan Liu, Po-An Yueh, Huan-Yu Hsu, Ai-Mei Chang

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Neospora caninum (N. caninum) has caused an abortion storm in dairy herds for two decades in Taiwan. There is no effective medicine for N. caninum infection for livestock, therefore, prevention by farm management is very important. The risk factors for N. caninum infection in Taiwan is still unclear. Dogs are the common definitive hosts of N. caninum on farms. This study aims to estimate the sero-prevalence and detection of N. caninum DNA in 361 pregnant dairy cows and establish an effective strategy to prevent abortion caused by N. caninum in dairy farms in Taiwan by logistic regression. The sero-prevalence of …

Trace Elements, Oxidative Stress Biomarkers And Hemato-Biochemical Indices Of Goat Kids Affected With Nutritional Dependent Locomotor Disturbances, Issam Eljalii, Taha Fouda, Wael El-Deeb, Abdulaziz Almujalli, Sabry M. El-Bahr

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study aimed to investigate the biomedical significant of trace elements, oxidative stress and hemato-biochemical indices in the diagnosis of locomotor disturbances of affected goat kids. Blood samples were collected from 22 goat kids affected with locomotor disturbances. An equal number of healthy goat kids was used as a control. Clinical examination showed anemia and an incoordination in affected animals compared to the control. Malondialdehyde (MDA), creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) values were significantly higher in affected animals than in the control, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) values were significantly lower. Concentrations of copper (Cu), …

Effects Of Atipamezole And Flumazenil On Stress-Related Hormonal And Metabolic Responses In Cats Anesthetized With Medetomidine, Midazolam, Ketamine And Isoflurane Undergoing Ovariohysterectomy And Castration, Hirokazu Kamohara, Toshiko Kamohara, Yoshiaki Hikasa

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study examined the post-operative effects of atipamezole (Ati) and flumazenil (Flu) on stress-related neurohormonal and metabolic responses in isoflurane-anesthetized cats premedicated with medetomidine, midazolam and ketamine and undergoing ovariohysterectomy or castration. Client-owned mixed-breed cats (n = 108) were treated with 50-μg/kg medetomidine and 0.5-mg/kg midazolam, followed by 5-mg/kg ketamine (MMK) intramuscularly (IM) and maintained under isoflurane anesthesia. The cats were divided into nine groups (six cats/group): control (saline IM), 50-μg/kg Flu IM or intravenously (IV), 100-μg/kg Ati IM or IV, 200-μg/kg Ati IM, 100-μg/kg Ati + 50-μg/kg Flu IM or IV and 200-μg/kg Ati + 50-μg/kg Flu IM. Five …

The Validation Of Haemagglutinin Inhibition Test For The Detection Of Antibodies Against Canine Influenza Virus In A Guinea Pig Serum Model, Ratanaporn Tangwangvivat, Supassama Chaiyawong, Nutthawan Nonthabenjawan, Kamonpan Charoenkul, Taveesak Janethanakij, Duangduen Prakairungnamthip, Wittawat Wechtaisong, Supanat Boonyapisitsopa, Napawan Bunpapong, Alongkorn Amonsin

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Biomechanical Analysis Of Atlantoaxial Dorsal Fixation Using Finite Element Models, Beomju Bae, Dongwook Kim, Hyejong Oh, Gonhyung Kim

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Atlantoaxial instability can cause spinal cord compression with clinical signs ranging from cervical pain to tetraplegia and death. Although a variety of dorsal fixation techniques have been described, some of them have been related to the fracture of the dorsal arch of the atlas, leading to surgical failure. Under the hypothesis that the shape of the dorsal arch of the atlas and types of implants might affect these bone fractures, the objective of this study was to analyze bone stresses through simulations of the dorsal fixation using finite element models. Arbitrary tension forces were given to implants for simulations of …

Low Colostrum Immunoglobulin G Concentration In Saanen Dams With Seropositive To Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus Infection Without Affecting Kid Growth Rate, Chollada Buranakarl, Sumpun Thammacharoen, Kazuo Katoh

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAE) is one of the most pervasive diseases and causes economic damages both to health and milk production. Data on colostral quality and kids’ growth rate of CAE-seropositive CAE dams is limited. The aims of the present study were, 1) to investigate the general components including insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), immunoglobulin G (IgG) and Vitamin A (Vit A) in colostrum and 2) to determine the effect of the separation of kids born from CAE-seropositive mothers and fed heat-processed colostrum and milk on the growth rate of the kids of Saanen goats. The colostrum of dams with …

Complete Genome Sequence Of A Novel Recombinant Muscovy Duck Parvovirus Isolated In The Heilongjiang Province Of China, Jing Yang, Ming Li, Tianfei Yu

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Muscovy duck parvovirus (MDPV) is fatal for young ducklings of less than 3 weeks of age and has caused severe economic loss in duck production in many countries and regions. We report here on a complete genome sequence of a recombinant MDPV strain YL08 isolated from an ill Muscovy duck in 2008 at Qiqihar, Heilongjiang province, China. This genome, MDPV YL08, was 5061 nucleotides long and retained the two ORFs, which are typical in the Parvovirinae family. The genome of YL08 strain has a putative recombination breakpoint on its VP1 gene. This study has helped our understanding of the genetic …

Clinical Characteristics, Antimicrobial Resistance And Treatment Outcomes Of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia Coli Infection In Dogs And Cats At A Veterinary Teaching Hospital In Thailand, Jeerawat Soonthornsit, Sukanya Apiratwarrasakul, Nathita Phumthanakorn

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This retrospective study investigated the clinical characteristics of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli and its antimicrobial resistance phenotypes and analyzed the treatment outcomes of MDR E. coli infection in dogs and cats. The medical data of dogs and cats diagnosed in 2020 with E. coli infection at a veterinary teaching hospital were analyzed. Of 94 cases, the frequency of MDR E. coli (66%) infection was higher than that of non-MDR E. coli (34%). MDR E. coli was significantly more frequently detected in female dogs than non-MDR E. coli (P < 0.026). The most frequent MDR E. coli isolation sites were the urinary tract in dogs and skin wounds in cats. MDR E. coli isolates from dogs were highly resistant to ampicillin (96.1%), enrofloxacin (80.4%) and tetracycline (78.4%). Resistance to ampicillin (100%), enrofloxacin (90.9%), marbofloxacin (72.7%) and tetracycline (72.7%) occurred frequently in MDR E. coli isolates from cats. Low resistance to amikacin was detected in the MDR E. coli isolates from dogs and cats. The rates of clinical cure and non-clinical cure of the MDR E. coli and non-MDR E. coli cases were not significantly different. The duration of antimicrobial treatment for MDR E. coli was significantly longer in cats (12.6 ± 5.85 days) than in non-MDR E. coli cases (7 ± 0 days) (P < 0.048). Adjunctive therapy was prescribed more frequently in MDR E. coli (20%) than non-MDR E. coli cases (8.3%). The presence of MDR E. coli was high in this study. High resistance to commonly used antimicrobial drugs and treatment complications was observed in this study.

A Dorsal Sling Technique In A Dermoid Sinus Dog With Nuchal Ligament Excision, Nithida Boonwittaya, Pakthorn Lewchalermwong, Kanokwan Keadwut

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

A dorsal sling technique for correction of nuchal ligament excision in a dermoid sinus canine case is presented in this report. At surgery, there were multiple tubes of the dermoid sinus tracts of different types. The nuchal sinus was treated using a segmental resection at the area of involvement and a dorsal sling technique was performed. The dog recovered uneventfully and regained normal daily activities within a short time after surgery. The technique was accomplished as evaluated by non-pain normal motion of the cervical region and no complications were found during the follow-up period. This is the first report on …

Acetylsalicylic Acid Suppresses Alcoholism-Induced Cognitive Impairment Associated With Atorvastatin Intake By Targeting Cerebral Mirna155 And Nlrp3: In Vivo, And In Silico Study, Doaa I. Mohamed, Dalia Alaa El-Din Aly El-Waseef, Enas S. Nabih, Omnyah A. El-Kharashi, Hanaa F. Abd El-Kareem, Hebatallah H. Abo Nahas, Basel A. Abdel-Wahab, Yosra A. Helmy, Samar Zuhair Alshawwa, Essa M. Saied

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Alcoholism is one of the most common diseases that can lead to the development of several chronic diseases including steatosis, and cognitive dysfunction. Statins are lipid-lowering drugs that are commonly prescribed for patients with fatty liver diseases; however, the exact effect of statins on cognitive function is still not fully understood. In the present study, we have investigated the molecular and microscopic basis of cognitive impairment induced by alcohol and/or Atorvastatin (ATOR) administration to male Wistar albino rats and explored the possible protective effect of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). The biochemical analysis indicated that either alcohol or ATOR or together in …

Vaccinia Virus Arrests And Shifts The Cell Cycle, Caroline K. Martin, Jerzy Samolej, Annabel T. Olson, Cosetta Bertoli, Matthew S. Wiebe, Robertus A. M. De Bruin, Jason Mercer

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Modulation of the host cell cycle is a common strategy used by viruses to create a proreplicative environment. To facilitate viral genome replication, vaccinia virus (VACV) has been reported to alter cell cycle regulation and trigger the host cell DNA damage response. However, the cellular factors and viral effectors that mediate these changes remain unknown. Here, we set out to investigate the effect of VACV infection on cell proliferation and host cell cycle progression. Using a subset of VACV mutants, we characterise the stage of infection required for inhibition of cell proliferation and define the viral effectors required to dysregulate …

A Review Of The Impacts Of Invasive Wild Pigs On Native Vertebrates, Matthew T. Mcdonough, Stephen S. Ditchkoff, Mark D. Smith, Kurt C. Vercauteren

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The wild pig (Sus scrofa) is a successful invasive species that has become well established outside of its native range in Eurasia. The invasive wild pig is the result of released or escaped domesticated livestock becoming feral, or Eurasian boar introduced for hunting purposes. The global spread of wild pigs has recently been exacerbated in some areas, such as the USA, by anthropogenically assisted dispersal. Once established in novel ecosystems, wild pigs have the potential to have significant negative impacts on the ecosystem, and the scientific literature is replete with examples. It is generally accepted that wild pigs …

Use Of A Direct, Rapid Immunohistochemical Test For Diagnosis Of Rabies Virus In Bats, Charles E. Rupprecht, Lolita Van Pelt, April D. Davis, Richard B. Chipman, David L. Bergman

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Rabies, a zoonotic encephalitis due to transmission of a lyssavirus, such as rabies virus (RABV), has the highest case fatality of any infectious disease. A global program for the elimination of human rabies caused by dogs is proposed for realization by 2030. Sensitive, specific, and inexpensive diagnostic tests are necessary for enhanced surveillance to detect infection, inform public health and veterinary professionals during risk assessments of exposure, and support overall programmatic goals. Multiple laboratory techniques are used to confirm a suspect case of rabies. One method for the detection of lyssavirus antigens within the brain is the direct rapid immunohistochemical …

Parasite Dynamics In Untreated Horses Through One Calendar Year, Ashley E. Steuer, Haley P. Anderson, Taylor Shepherd, Morgan Clark, Jessica A. Scare, Holli S. Gravatte, Martin K. Nielsen

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Horses are host to a plethora of parasites. Knowledge of the seasonality of parasite egg shedding and transmission is important for constructing parasite control programs. However, studies describing these patterns are sparse, and have largely been conducted only in the United Kingdom. This study evaluated strongylid egg shedding patterns and transmission dynamics of Strongylus vulgaris in naturally infected and untreated mares and foals through one calendar year in Kentucky, USA. The study also investigated the existence of a peri-parturient rise (PPR) in strongylid egg counts in foaling mares and collected information about Strongyloides westeri and Parascaris spp. in the …

Optimizing Management Of Invasions In An Uncertain World Using Dynamic Spatial Models, Kim M. Pepin, Amy J. Davis, Rebecca S. Epanchin-Niell, Andrew M. Gormley, Joslin L. Moore, Timothy J. Smyser, H. Bradley Shaffer, William L. Kendall, Katriona Shea, Michael C. Runge, Sophie Mckee

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Dispersal drives invasion dynamics of nonnative species and pathogens. Applying knowledge of dispersal to optimize the management of invasions can mean the difference between a failed and a successful control program and dramatically improve the return on investment of control efforts. A common approach to identifying optimal management solutions for invasions is to optimize dynamic spatial models that incorporate dispersal. Optimizing these spatial models can be very challenging because the interaction of time, space, and uncertainty rapidly amplifies the number of dimensions being considered. Addressing such problems requires advances in and the integration of techniques from multiple fields, including ecology, …

An Efficient Method Of Evaluating Multiple Concurrent Management Actions On Invasive Populations, Amy J. Davis, Randy Farrar, Brad Jump, Parker Hall, Travis Guerrant, Kim M. Pepin

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Evaluating the efficacy of management actions to control invasive species is crucial for maintaining funding and to provide feedback for the continual improvement of management efforts. However, it is often difficult to assess the efficacy of control methods due to limited resources for monitoring. Managers may view effort on monitoring as effort taken away from performing management actions. We developed a method to estimate invasive species abundance, evaluate management effectiveness, and evaluate population growth over time from a combination of removal activities (e.g., trapping, ground shooting) using only data collected during removal efforts (method of removal, date, location, number of …

Economics Of Cormorant Predation On Catfish Farms, Carole Engle, Ganesh Kumar, Terrel Christie, Brian S. Dorr, Brian Davis, Luke Roy, Anita Kelly

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The Double-crested Cormorant is the primary avian predator on catfish farms causing significant economic losses primarily due to 1) on-farm expenditures related to bird-management activities and 2) value of the catfish lost to cormorants. This comprehensive economic study quantified these two economic effects by surveying catfish farms in the delta regions of Mississippi and Arkansas. On-farm expenditures for bird scaring were used to quantify bird-management costs. Economic losses from fish consumed by cormorants were quantified by evaluating data from field studies of the abundance, distribution, and diet of cormorants in the Mississippi delta. This study found that catfish farmers …

Clinical Outcomes Of Immunomodulatory Therapies In The Management Of Covid-19: A Tertiary-Care Experience From Pakistan, Noreen Nasir, Salma Tajuddin, Sarah Khaskheli, Naveera Khan, Hammad Niamatullah, Nosheen Nasir

Section of Internal Medicine

The pharmacological management of COVID-19 has evolved significantly and various immunomodulatory agents have been repurposed. However, the clinical efficacy has been variable and a search for cure for COVID-19 continues. A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 916 patients hospitalized with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed COVID-19 between February 2020 and October 2020 at a tertiary care academic medical center in Karachi, Pakistan. The median age was 57 years (interquartile range (IQR) 46–66 years). The most common medications administered were Methylprednisolone (65.83%), Azithromycin (50.66%), and Dexamethasone (46.6%). Majority of the patients (70%) had at least two or more medications used in …

Evaluation Of Bioactive Properties Of Lipophilic Fractions Of Edible And Non-Edible Parts Of Nasturtium Officinale (Watercress) In A Model Of Human Malignant Melanoma Cells, Sotiris Kyriakou, Venetia Tragkola, Heba Alghol, Ioannis Anestopoulos, Tom Amery, Kyle Stewart, Paul G. Winyard, Dimitrios T. Trafalis, Rodrigo Franco, Aglaia Pappa, Mihalis I. Panayiotidis

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Watercress is an enriched source of phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), among other phytochemicals, with an antioxidant capacity. The aim of this study was to (i) chemically characterize and (ii) biologically evaluate the profile of the main health-promoting compounds contained in edible (i.e., mixture of leaves and lateral buds) and non-edible (i.e., stems) parts of watercress in an in vitro model of malignant melanoma consisting of human malignant melanoma (A375), non-melanoma (A431) and keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells. The extraction of the main constituents of watercress was performed by subjecting the freeze-dried edible and non-edible samples through different extraction protocols, whereas their concentration was …

Identity, Gender, And Tracking: The Reality Of Boundaries For Veterinary Students, Jenny R. Vermilya

New Directions in the Human-Animal Bond

Using in-depth interviews with veterinary students, Identity, Gender, and Tracking: The Reality of Boundaries for Veterinary Students explores the experience of enrollment in an educational program that tracks students based on the species of animals that they wish to treat. The identity of a veterinarian is one characterized by care; thus, students have to construct different definitions of care, creating a system of power and inequality. Tracking produces multiple boundaries for veterinary students, which has consequences not just for the veterinarian, but also for the treatment of animals. Written for administrators and students alike, Identity, Gender, and Tracking sheds light …

Harnessing Mycobacterium Bovis Bcg Trained Immunity To Control Human And Bovine Babesiosis, Reginaldo G. Bastos, Heba F. Alzan, Vignesh A. Rathinasamy, Brian M. Cooke, Odir A. Dellagostin, Raul G. Barletta, Carlos E. Suarez

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Babesiosis is a disease caused by tickborne hemoprotozoan apicomplexan parasites of the genus Babesia that negatively impacts public health and food security worldwide. Development of effective and sustainable vaccines against babesiosis is currently hindered in part by the absence of definitive host correlates of protection. Despite that, studies in Babesia microti and Babesia bovis, major causative agents of human and bovine babesiosis, respectively, suggest that early activation of innate immune responses is crucial for vertebrates to survive acute infection. Trained immunity (TI) is defined as the development of memory in vertebrate innate immune cells, allowing more efficient responses to subsequent …

Emerging Biomedical Applications Of The Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Glycoprotein, Sheeba Rehman, Suman Bishnoi, Rajarshi Roy, Anshu Kumari, Harikrishnan Jayakumar, Sharad Gupta, Parimal Kar, Asit K. Pattnaik, Bebasis Nayak

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Nanoparticles (NPs) made of metals, polymers, micelles, and liposomes are increasingly being used in various biomedical applications. However, most of these NPs are hazardous for long- and short-term use and hence have restricted biomedical applications. Therefore, naturally derived, biocompatible, and biodegradable nanoconstructs are being explored for such applications. Inspired by the biology of viruses, researchers are exploring the viral proteins that hold considerable promise in biomedical applications. The viral proteins are highly stable and further amenable to suit specific biological applications. Among various viral proteins, vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSV-G) has emerged as one of the most versatile platforms for …

Phip-Seq Reveals Autoantibodies For Ubiquitously Expressed Antigens In Viral Myocarditis, Mahima T. Rasquinha, Ninaad Lasrado, Erika M. Petro-Turnquist, Eric A. Weaver, Thiagarajan Venkataraman, Daniel R. Anderson, H. Benjamin Larman, Jay Reddy

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Simple Summary: Myocarditis is the inflammation of the heart muscle, and viral infections are a common cause of this disease. Myocarditis in some patients can progress to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). The mouse model of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is commonly used to understand this disease progression in DCM patients. In this paper, we have attempted to analyze antibodies for heart antigens that could be produced as a result of heart damage in animals infected with CVB3 using a technique called Phage ImmunoPrecipitation Sequencing (PhIP-Seq). The analyses led us to identify antibodies for several proteins that were not previously reported that may …

Beef Quality Following Prolonged Aging After Supplementing High Levels Of Vitamin E, Nicolas J. Herrera, Joseph A. Sonderman, David M. Velazco, Chris Calkins

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Increased postmortem aging of beef can accelerate discoloration, shortening retail display time, inducing oxidation of lipids and proteins, and generating negative flavor attributes. This study was conducted to evaluate supplementation of high levels (2,200 International Units/head/day for 100 d) of Vitamin E (α-tocopherol) when feeding cattle as a strategy to sustain meat color quality in beef strip loins after prolonged aging. Results showed significantly less discoloration in loins from animals fed high levels of Vitamin E across 3, 6, and 9 weeks of aging. In addition, loins from cattle fed high levels of Vitamin E exhibited significantly greater redness (a*) …

Independence, Weight And Priority Of Evidence For Sentience, Elizabeth Irvine

Animal Sentience

This commentary maps out relationships of dependency between the criteria proposed in the target article (Crump et al. 2022), identifying the criteria that carry most of the weight of the evidence, and suggesting which criteria should have priority in research on sentience.

Why The Recognition Of Sentience Is So Important For Animal Welfare, Mark Jones

Animal Sentience

Rowan et al. (2022) provide a useful summary of the history and development of the philosophical, public, and legal recognition of animal sentience and its importance in improving the welfare of animals. Here I argue for the incorporation of the precautionary principle in sentience recognition, and the wider significance of sentience recognition to the current climate, biodiversity and human health crises.

2022 Nebraska Beef Cattle Report

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The purpose of beef cattle and beef product research at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln is to provide reference information that represents the various populations (cows, calves, heifers, feeders, carcasses, retail products, etc.) of beef production.

Dedicated in memory of Dr. Terry Klopfenstein (March 10, 1939-April 30, 2021), Professor Emeritus, Animal Science Department, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.

Cow-Calf Nutrition and Management

Impact of Cow Size on Economic Profitability in the Cow-Calf and Feedlot Production Systems

Comparison of Partially Confined and Traditional Cow-Calf Systems

Concepts in Stress Physiology

Inflammatory Modulators Improve Daily Gain of Heat-Stressed Wethers

Zilpaterol Supplementation Improved Indicators of Well-Being, but …

Fate Of Salmonella In Beef Steaks During Sous Vide Cooking, Heather B. Hunt, Samuel C. Watson, Byron D. Chaves, Gary Sullivan

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Sous vide cooking meat products has become a popular in-home method of food preparation. Previous research from UNL Meat Science using generic E. coli demonstrated the potential risk of sous vide cooking at temperatures recommended by some popular press items. To increase the understanding of the safety concerns of cooking beef products to temperatures below USDA-Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) guidance temperatures, the experiment was conducted with Salmonella. Steaks were internally inoculated with three serovars of Salmonella, and sous vide cooked to internal temperatures of 115, 125, and 130° F. At least a 5 log₁₀ reduction was achieved …

Effects Of Lime Amendment On Antibiotic Resistance In Beef Cattle Manure Of Open Feedlots, Noelle A. Mware, Galen E. Erickson, Amy Schmidt, Shannon L. Bartelt-Hunt, Xu Li

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of lime amendment on the reduction of antimicrobial resistant bacteria and antimicrobial resistance genes in beef cattle manure in open feedlots. Hydrated lime was uniformly applied to the surface of feedlot pen floor 1 day prior to cattle harvest at a rate of 0.36 lb/ft² and samples were collected over time. Collected samples were analyzed for change in pH and levels of antimicrobial resistant bacteria and antimicrobial resistance genes. Lime amendment elevated the pH of pen floor surface materials to pH > 12 for 4 hours and then pH > 11 …

Impact Of Spring Corn Residue Grazing On Soil Physical Properties And Crop Yield, Morgan T. Grabau, J. C. Macdonald, Zachary E. Carlson, M. E. Drewnoski

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The effects of stocking density for spring corn residue grazing on soil physical properties and soybean yield were evaluated in an experiment with three treatments: no grazing, normal density, and high density. Normal density was stocked at 3 calves/acre and grazed 45 days starting in mid-February. High-density was stocked at 9 calves/acre and grazed 15 days starting in mid-March. Increased stocking density decreased residue cover and increased surface roughness. Bulk density and penetration resistance were increased for normal density compared to no graze, with no difference between grazed treatments, illustrating that grazing may cause minor compaction, regardless of stocking density. …