Nutrition Commons^™

Evaluating The ‘Small Changes, Healthy Habits’ Curriculum For Influencing Change In Eating And Physical Activity Behaviors, And Habit Formation In Adults, Praja Adhikari

LSU Master's Theses

This study evaluated the initial influence of the Small Changes, Healthy Habits (SCHH) pilot program on food/eating, and physical activity behaviors and habits among participants. A convenience sample of 56 adults (≥18 years old) with representation from communities in all five LSU AgCenter regions, was recruited for the program. Complete datasets from 47 participants were collected and used for the evaluation. The participant group was 83% female (n = 39), 89% 51 years or older, and living in rural areas; approximately 83% white (n=38), 13% African American (n=6), and 2% Asian (n=1). A 22-question participant survey was developed to quantify …

Disrupted Hypothalamic Crh Neuron Responsiveness Contributes To Diet-Induced Obesity, Canjun Zhu, Yuanzhong Xu, Zhiying Jiang, Jin Bin Tian, Ryan M Cassidy, Zhao-Lin Cai, Gang Shu, Yong Xu, Mingshan Xue, Benjamin R Arenkiel, Qingyan Jiang, Qingchun Tong

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

The current obesity epidemic mainly results from high-fat high-caloric diet (HFD) feeding and may also be contributed by chronic stress; however, the neural basis underlying stress-related diet-induced obesity remains unknown. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons in the paraventricular hypothalamus (PVH), a known body weight-regulating region, represent one key group of stress-responsive neurons. Here, we found that HFD feeding blunted PVH CRH neuron response to nutritional challenges as well as stress stimuli and dexamethesone, which normally produce rapid activation and inhibition on these neurons, respectively. We generated mouse models with the activity of these neurons clamped at high or low levels, both …

Impact Of Varying Dosages Of Fish Oil On Recovery And Soreness Following Eccentric Exercise, Trisha A. Vandusseldorp, Kurt A. Escobar, Kelly E. Johnson, Matthew T. Statton, Terrence Moriarty, Chad M. Kerksick, Gerald T. Mangine, Alyssa J. Holmes, Matthew Lee, Marvin R. Endito, Christine M. Mermier

Faculty Scholarship

Fish oils (FOs) are rich in omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, which have been purported to enhance recovery of muscular performance and reduce soreness post-exercise. However, the most effective FO dose for optimizing recovery remains unclear. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effect of FO supplementation dosing on the recovery of measures of muscular performance, perceived soreness, and markers of muscle damage following a rigorous bout of eccentric exercise. Thirty-two college-aged resistance-trained males (~23.6 years, 71.6 kg, 172.1 cm) were supplemented with 2, 4, 6 g/day (G) FO or placebo (PL) for ~7.5 weeks. Following 7 weeks …

Consumer Food Socialization In The School And Home, Ashley Deutsch Cermin

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Consumer socialization literature has focused on individual socialization agents and their isolated effects. However, as John (1999) pointed out, children do not grow up in a social vacuum. Instead, the multitude of agents socializing children find their narratives interacting and their effects continually shaped and co-created. To understand how school-age children learn about food, I interrogate the complexity of socialization in three essays.

In the first essay, I take an ethnographic approach to investigate the interactive effect peers and adults, namely service workers, have on children’s food socialization in a public-school lunchroom. By combining a Loseke’s (2007) layered narrative model …

Effects Of Supplementing Crystalline L-Valine And L-Isoleucine And A Novel Threonine Biomass In Reduced Crude Protein Diets Fed To Broilers, Derrell Trevor Lee

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Poultry nutritionists continue to identify methods to lower feed price without compromising broiler growth performance, processing yields, or animal well-being. A common approach is to reduce dietary crude protein (CP), the second most expensive component in a broiler diet. Subsequently, reducing CP will reduce the inclusion levels of intact protein sources (e.g., soybean meal [SBM]), which can be accomplished by supplementing individual amino acids (AA). This methodology not only reduces diet cost, pending if feed-grade AA are more economical, but can contribute to improving broiler health and environmental sustainability. Therefore, two experiments were conducted to evaluate individual feed-grade AA in …

Metabolic Benefits Of Plant-Based N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids On Brown Thermogenesis, Kyung Ho Park

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

There are two essential fatty acids for humans, a-linolenic acid (ALA) and linoleic acid (LA), which should be taken from foods to maintain health. Once incorporated into cells, ALA and LA, which are omega-3 poly unsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) and n-6 PUFA respectively, undergo elongation and desaturation to generate longer and more unsaturated fatty acids influencing inflammation and immunological responses. Numerous studies showed a dietary reduction of n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio improves cardiovascular health, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Fish oil, the main resource for n-3 PUFA, is shown to increase these health benefits. In our lab, we investigated the efficacy …

Parenteral Lipids Shape Gut Bile Acid Pools And Microbiota Profiles In The Prevention Of Cholestasis In Preterm Pigs, Lee Call, Tiffany Molina, Barbara Stoll, Greg Guthrie, Shaji Chacko, Jogchum Plat, Jason Robinson, Sen Lin, Caitlin Vonderohe, Mahmoud Mohammad, Dennis Kunichoff, Stephanie Cruz, Patricio Lau, Muralidhar Premkumar, Jon Nielsen, Zhengfeng Fang, Oluyinka Olutoye, Thomas Thymann, Robert Britton, Per Sangild, Douglas Burrin

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Multi-component lipid emulsions, rather than soy-oil emulsions, prevent cholestasis by an unknown mechanism. Here, we quantified liver function, bile acid pools, and gut microbial and metabolite profiles in premature parenterally fed pigs given a soy-oil lipid emulsion, Intralipid (IL), a multi component lipid emulsion, SMOFlipid (SMOF), a novel emulsion with a modified fatty-acid composition [experimental emulsion (EXP)], or a control enteral diet (ENT) for 22 days. We assayed serum cholestasis markers, measured total bile acid levels in plasma, liver, and gut contents, and analyzed colonic bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences and metabolomic profiles. Serum cholestasis markers (i.e., bilirubin, bile acids, …

Nutrition For New Mothers: Healthy Defaults For A Healthier You, Stephanie Williams

All Student-Created Educational Resources

This pamphlet informs the audience about how to make healthier choices by utilizing healthy defaults. Tips will be discussed throughout the pamphlet on reducing your risk for obesity and other chronic diseases, postpartum healthy defaults, and breastfeeding for new mothers.

Healthy Eating For Preschoolers, Amanda Soleim

All Student-Created Educational Resources

This brochure educates parents on how to encourage healthy eating habits in their preschoolers to prevent childhood obesity. It provides ideas on how parents can adjust their normal routines or environments in order to make healthy choices easier and more convenient.

Creating A Healthy Home Environment For Good Nutrition, Victoria Kleyner

All Student-Created Educational Resources

This is a brochure which gives tools to people who are trying to avoid dining out in order to improve their nutrition by eating at home. However, they need more information and guidance as to how to do this successfully. Obesity is not only a product of eating at restaurants outside of the house, but it is also caused by eating habits throughout the day at home, which stem from grocery shopping practices. The information provided creates awareness that well-intentioned home eating habits can still be damaging to health, and offer advice as to how somebody can set up their …

Diabetes Management, University Of New England Applied Nutrition Program

All Student-Created Educational Resources

This educational pamphlet provides information on diabetes management for young adults with type 2 diabetes. Healthy habits and environmental defaults are reviewed. Tips are provided to overcome unhealthy default behaviors through lifestyle improvements.

Effects Of Broccoli And Carrots On Fecal Microrna Expression In Infants: A Short-Term Feeding Study, Kaleigh E. Beane

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Diets, through multiple mechanisms, cause significant impact on human health and disease etiology; proposed modes of action include modulation of non-coding RNAs and influences on the gut microbiome. Specifically, phytochemicals change human miRNA expression thereby impacting gut microbiome and/or increasing host immune functions. Apiaceous and cruciferous vegetables have been linked to decreased chronic inflammation, which is closely related with the host immune system, yet it is not investigated how these two classes of vegetables influence the colonic miRNA profile. In this study, therefore we aimed to determine the effects of short-term feeding of broccoli and carrot to infants on fecal …

Assessing Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes And Intention Among Adult Female Undergraduate And Graduate Students, Kritee Niroula

LSU Master's Theses

This study measured the breastfeeding knowledge, attitude and intention of adult female students of Louisiana State University. Participants (n=1039; mean age 20.12 ± 3.122 years) were recruited to complete the questionnaire. Racial/ethnic representation was White (76.1%), African American (14.3%), Asian (5.5%), American Indian/ Alaska Native or Native Hawaiian/ Pacific Islander (0.8%) and Multi-racial (3.3%). The questionnaire was used to deliver a set of knowledge, attitude and intention items. Participants were evaluated based on their scores in each section. The questionnaire was pilot tested among five students for comprehensibility and understandability and necessary changes were made according to their suggestions. The …

Studi Tinjauan Pustaka: Risiko Kejadian Kanker Paru Pada Penderita Tuberkulosis Paru., Fariha Ramadhaniah, Syahrizal Syarif

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Indonesia merupakan satu dari lima negara di dunia dengan insiden kasus TB yang tinggi, sementara itu kanker paru di Indonesia merupakan kasus keganasan utama yang paling sering terjadi. Untuk melihat gambaran risiko kejadian kanker paru diantara penderita TB paru, dilakukan studi tinjauan pustaka pada sepuluh jurnal yang dipublikasikan melalui Pubmed pada tahun 2009-2019. Kriteria inklusi dalam pemilihan jurnal yaitu TB paru sebagai faktor risiko dan kanker paru primer sebagai outcome, sedangkan kriteria ekslusi adalah jurnal yang merupakan tinjauan pustaka sistematis, skrining, diagnosis, dan evaluasi hasil pengobatan yang berkaitan dengan infeksi TB dan kanker paru. Analisis deskriptif menunjukan subjek sebagian …

Karakteristik Ibu Melahirkan Sectio Caesaria Peserta Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional Di Rumah Sakit Profit X Di Sekitar Jakarta, Trisna Budy Widjayanti

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) memudahkan akses ibu melahirkan Sectio Caesaria (SC) di RS. Dalam tahun 2014-2017 persalinan SC menempati urutan 10 jumlah kasus dan klaim tertinggi. WHO menetapkan angka optimum SC sebesar 15% sebagai salah satu standar kualitas pelayanan persalinan ibu. Tujuan penelitian ini untukmengidentifikasi karakteristik sosial ekonomi dan klinis dari ibu yang melahirkan SC yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan JKN di Rumah Sakit Profit (RSP) X di sekitar Jakarta. Penelitian menggunakan desain Cross Sectional dengan total sampel sebanyak 385 ibu melahirkan SC yang diambil dari rekam medis pada periode januari 1- 31 Desember 2018. Karakteristik sosial ekonomi dan klinis …

How Much Can Mexican Healthcare Providers Learn About Breastfeeding Through A Semi-Virtual Training? A Propensity Score Matching Analysis, Mireya Vilar-Compte, Rafael Pérez-Escamilla, Meztli Moncada, Diana Flores

Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works

Background: Mexico has shown a worrisome decrease in breastfeeding indicators, especially in the lowest socioeconomic level. Improving breastfeeding protection, promotion, and support services through workforce development is a key area of intervention. The objective of this study is to assess the influence on breastfeeding knowledge and abilities of a semi-virtual training for primary healthcare providers assisting beneficiaries of PROSPERA in Mexico, which is one of the largest conditional cash-transfer programs in the world. Methods: Two independent cross-sectional samples of healthcare providers were drawn at baseline and post-intervention in three states of Mexico. Baseline data were collected among primary physicians, registered …

Alteration Of Iron Responsive Gene Expression In Arabidopsis Glutaredoxin S17 Loss Of Function Plants With Or Without Iron Stress, Ninghui Cheng, Han Yu, Xiaolan Rao, Sunghun Park, Erin L Connolly, Kendal D Hirschi, Paul A Nakata

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Iron (Fe) is a mineral nutrient and a metal cofactor essential for plants. Iron limitation can have detrimental effects on plant growth and development, while excess iron inside plant cells leads to oxidative damage. As a result, plants have evolved complex regulatory networks to respond to fluctuations in cellular iron concentrations. The mechanisms that regulate these responses however, are not fully understood. Heterologous expression of an Arabidopsis thaliana monothiol glutaredoxin S17 (GRXS17) suppresses the over-accumulation of iron in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Grx3/Grx4 mutant and disruption of GRXS17 causes plant sensitivity to exogenous oxidants and iron deficiency stress. GRXS17 may act …

Self-Efficacy And Psychosocial Considerations Of Obesity Risk Reduction Behaviors In Young Adult White Americans, Doreen Liou, Lauren Kulik

Department of Nutrition and Food Studies Scholarship and Creative Works

The obesity epidemic is a pervasive health issue affecting all population groups in developed countries. The purpose of this research was to ascertain obesity risk reduction behaviors and their psychosocial determinants in young adult Americans residing in New Jersey state. A cross-sectional survey design was implemented in which a convenience sample of 174 participants (18 to 40 years) completed a validated online self-administered questionnaire. Nineteen obesity risk reduction behaviors, self-efficacy and psychosocial constructs derived from the Theory of Planned Behavior were measured. Statistical analyses were conducted using frequency distributions, t-tests and regression analysis. Regression analysis indicated that 37.5% of the …

Vitamin D Status Is Not Associated With Cognitive Or Motor Function In Pre-School Ugandan Children, Agnes M. Mutua, Margaret Nampijja, Alison M. Elliott, John M. Pettifor, Thomas N. Williams, Amina Abubakar, Emily L. Webb, Sarah H. Atkinson

Institute for Human Development, East Africa

Vitamin D deficiency is common worldwide and young children are among the most affected groups. Animal studies suggest a key role for vitamin D in brain development. However, studies investigating the effects of vitamin D on neurobehavioural outcomes in children are inconclusive and evidence is limited in sub-Saharan Africa. We evaluated the effect of vitamin D status on cognitive and motor outcomes using prospective data from the Entebbe Mother and Baby Study birth cohort. We analysed data from 302 Ugandan children with 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) measurements below five years and developmental measures at five years of age. We used multivariable …

Grains, Grasses, And Tubers: Staple Carbohydrates In The Diets Of Middle School Children Of Southern Zambia And Ethiopia, Brianna Juma

NUTR/GLST 498b: Global Research Experiences in Nutrition and Health

Purpose: Survey staple carbohydrate availability in local markets, complete anthropometric assessment, and interview primary school children about carbohydrate consumption in Southern Zambia and Ethiopia

Methods: Market inventories, anthropometric assessments, and interviews of 6th and 7th grade students

Results: Ethiopians have a greater diversity of available carbohydrates, have better overall anthropometric values compared to Zambian children, and consume more nutritious and varied carbohydrate types.

Conclusions: Diversity in carbohydrate availability and consumption, as well as more nutritious options, are associated with healthier growth rates among primary school children in Southern regions of Zambia and Ethiopia.

Study Of In Vitro Bioaccessibility And In Vivo Bioavailability Of Khalas Variety Date Seed Polyphenols For Functional Application In The Human Diet, Serene Hilary

Food Science Dissertations

Date seeds are an ideal source of polyphenols for the food industry. This doctoral work investigated Khalas variety date seeds in three forms, as powder (DSP), ethanolic extract (DSE) and functional food developed with the seeds; pita bread (DSB). The study characterised the polyphenol profile by mass spectrometry and investigated the bioaccessibility using simulated in vitro digestion coupled with Caco- 2 model for absorption and transport. It further explored the bioavailability of date seed polyphenols in vivo in humans by conducting a cross-over study in 16 healthy volunteers. The crossover study explored the urinary excretion of polyphenol metabolites, and the …

Peas, Darlene Christensen

All Current Publications

This publication is part of the Guide to Eating Fresh Fruits and Vegetables and includes information on seasonal availability, eating, storing, and cooking peas.

Banana, Marie Stosich, Emily Morales, Heidi Leblanc

All Current Publications

This publication guide to eating, selecting, cooking, and storing bananas.

Green Beans, Lisa Lewis, Emily Morales, Heidi Leblanc

All Current Publications

This guide to eating, selecting, cooking, and storing green beans.

Broccoli, Lisa Lewis, Emily Morales, Heidi Leblanc

All Current Publications

This guide to eating, selecting, cooking, and storing broccoli.

Cilantro, Amanda Christensen

All Current Publications

This publication is part of the Create Better Health Guide to Eating Healthy and includes tips on selecting, growing, preparing, and storing cilantro.

Beets, Janet Smith, Anita Raddatz, Heidi Leblanc

All Current Publications

This publication is part of the Food Sense Guide to Eating Fresh Fruits and Vegetables and includes information on selecting, preparing, cooking, and storing beets.

Creating Content For A Healthy New Life, Valeria C. Borja Lopez

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Creating Content for a Healthy New Life is a project consisting of the development of a web page to connect holistic practitioners to people. This page will also allow for the promotion and sale of Ayurvedic Skincare products and services. For the capstone project, I developed a business model for the enterprise. This model offers an educational component by educating our customers to understand the importance of using holistic approaches rather than traditional ones. For this, two videos were developed to educate customers about Ayurveda and the science behind the proposed products and services. I am an experienced Holistic Practitioner, …

Developing An Online Health Community For Autoimmune Disease Patients Through Self-Managed Diet, Rachel Greene

Critical and Creative Thinking Capstones Collection

Part I, Autoimmune Disease Management and the Need for Intervention, discusses current and standard Autoimmune Disease- (AI/AID) management and the shortcomings within. Typical AID-management led by healthcare professionals lacks a holistic, symptom-based approach, thus further contributing to the daily chronic pain of the afflicted. This analysis indicates the need to connect those suffering with AID’s to scientific research that has determined strict dieting can significantly reduce symptoms associated with AID’s. Part II, Synthesizing A Model For Online Health Community Engagement, examines the website prototype of Greenebean, which is an online community developed via user-centric design, in a theoretical, physical, and …

Identifying The Weak Foundation Of Public Health Resilience Fornational Disaster Policy In Indonesia’S Mid-Term Developmentagenda 2015–2019: A Policy Content Analysis, Gita Miranda Warsito, Meiwita Budiharsana, Sharyn Burns

Kesmas

Indonesia is one of the most susceptible nations toward natural disasters in the world. Since 1992, approximately 37 tsunami incidents have occurred inIndonesia, with at least 1,244 cases of natural disasters during 2018. Despite the overwhelming impact of disasters on Indonesia, Public Health Resilience,as an approach to disaster countermeasures, has been poorly elaborated in Indonesia’s development agenda (National Mid-term Development Plan (NMDP),or Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional (RPJMN), 2015 - 2019). By utilizing the method of policy content analysis, this study aimed to analyzethe policy background of Public Health Resilience against disasters in the NMDP 2015 - 2019 and National …