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The Commercial Press And The Modern Novels In The Literary Field Change: A Study Of The Ten-Volume "Novel Series", Juan Wen

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The "Novel Series" was one of the well-known brands of the Commercial Press. It was published between 1903-1908 and consisted of a hundred novels. It had three characteristics: diversified origins of the novels that were collected from Japan, Europe and America, a wide variety of types, and the inclusion of both classical Chinese and vernacular works. The Commercial Press was a major and influential market-oriented private press. Its selection of the titles in the Series was defined by the times, and subject to the cultural thought of the society and the needs of the post Novel Revolution readers, reflecting the …

The Discourse System Of The Qing Loyalists: A Case Study Of "Zhenyuan Courtiers", Jingru Pan

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The Qing loyalists' self-writing was consigned in their poetry texts, in which we could reevaluate the adherent phenomenon through close reading. The Qing-loyalists had a discourse system, which reflected their position and even ideology. However, as individuals, their self-expression did not obey the rules of the discourse system, which means that we should reinvestigate the adherent phenomenon and their literary works. "Zhenyuan courtiers", which was often alluded by the Qing loyalists, is a good example for the reinvestigation. As a classical allusion, on the one hand, it implied loyalty. On the other hand, it expressed their reminiscent moods as well …

The Priori Grounds For Kant's Judgment Of Taste, Youfeng Hu

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

In The Critique of Judgment, the essential problem to be resolved is that Kant should search for the priori grounds for appreciation and judgment so that they can be contained in the priori philosophy system. It is not a smooth course for Kant to make it. First of all, the fundamental problem that why appreciation and judgment are priori needs to be answered, after which Kant can search priori principles for teleology. Secondly, through the priori deduction of appreciation and judgment, Kant discovers their universal necessity. Kant looks for the priori grounds in the human mind for them, and what …

The Sense Of Beauty As Sensus Communis: The Issue Of Sense Of Beauty In Aesthetic Experiences, Xuguang Liu

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

As a kind of universal capacity for the communication of the state of mind, sensus communis is the premise of aesthetic judgment, a feeling of the free play of the powers of representation, and proportion of cognitive powers. When we use the concept of sensus communis, we intend to deal with the objective necessity of the confluence of the feeling of everyone with that of each. It is the constitutive principle for aesthetic pleasure, and the regulative principle for experience. Kant does not think that sensus communis is a kind of sense, but a kind of idea. However, Marxists believe …

The Tension Of Expression And Ways To Balancing, Yue Jiang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The "crisis of expression" in the humanities and social sciences is caused by the imbalance of expression tension. The phenomenon of expression tension is very common; it is not only found in the same text and different texts of the same object, but also in the process of understanding, expression and re-understanding the same text. The text tends to be successful when the various expression tensions are balanced. When one of the tensions is too strong to keep balance, it either leads to the failure of the expression, or produces texts of aggressive expression. The purpose of analyzing the expression …

Words As Signatures: Agamben And The End Of Poetry, Jiang Lan

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

In Agamben's works, there is a tension between the mysterious fire and the narrative language. The language, which derives from the doxologies in Christology, seals the mystery between the Heaven and the Earth. Rilke's Duino Elegies and H9 lderlin's poetry could be regarded as the production of these signatures. However, if we intend to break the signature, we cannot destroy the words and verses in poetry, as Mallarmé does in Coup de dès, because as soon as we destroy the signature, the mystery behind it will be dispersed. Therefore, Agamben argues that we can transform the fossilized political and linguistic …

Text Mining In Chinese Ancient Attires, Lu Wang

Western Research Forum

Starting from the Shang Dynasty (1600-1046 BCE) when writing system appeared in China, clothing was recorded as symbols to denote social statuses. The hierarchical signification of clothing remained in the following dynasties until the end of imperial China in 1911. The imperial period produced twenty-five official dynastic histories with rich corpuses on the subject of attire, documenting regulations and prohibitions of detailed dress code, a subject being scarcely studied and treated with assumptions today. This research will use text mining tools to identify descriptive words of clothing that reflect Chinese hierarchal ideology from the twenty-five histories. The method is to …

Míng (名) As “Names” Rather Than “Words:” Disabled Bodies Speaking Without Acting In Early Chinese Texts, Jane Geaney

Religious Studies Faculty Publications

My first scholarly article was about the work of A. C. Graham. Unfortunately, I never met him but my copies of his books became so worn from over-use that I had to replace them. My second, now equally worn, copy of Later Mohist Logic, Ethics, and Science opens to a statement that inspires my work:

A consistent nominalism has to extend its principle to the particular utterances of the name itself; I pronounce the sound ‘stone’ over X and afterwards convey that Y is like X by pronouncing a similar sound.

This claim has two important implications. First, in early …

What Drives Consumers In China To Buy Clothing Online? Application Of The Technology Acceptance Model, Zhenqian Wei, Min-Young Lee, Hong Shen

Retailing and Tourism Management Faculty Publications

An enormous number of Internet users have made China a profitable e-commerce marketplace, and clothing is one of the most frequently purchased items. This study explores the predictors of consumers’ motivation to buy clothing online in China by extending the technology acceptance model. Data were collected via an online questionnaire, resulting in 504 returned responses. The results indicate that perceived usefulness has a significant effect on consumers’ intention to buy clothing online; however, no direct relationship between perceived ease of use and buying intention was found. Furthermore, perceived convenience, perceived money saving, and perceived time-saving can explain why consumers perceive …

Succor In Smoke: A Historical And Comparative Analysis Of Incense And Moxibustion As Similar Agents Of Edification And Self-Cultivation, Hannah E. Matulek

Black & Gold

Since its origins in the Shang Dynasty nearly 3,000 years ago, traditional Chinese medicine has undergone many dramatic shifts and adapted to a wide range of cultural, social, religious and foreign pressures. One of the most notable changes is the attribution of the etiology of disease (as well as general poor health and behaviors) from volatile and dissatisfied external forces to manageable internal forces. This allowed for a flourishing of thought in Chinese medicine, for once granting an individual the power to influence his or her own health. Three religions—Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism—were also introduced to China at this time, …

A Differentiation And Rectification On "Modern Xiqu", Wei Li

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The concept "modern xiqu" is used usually in three senses: First, it refers to all xiqu works of the modern period; second, it refers to some xiqu works that depict modern life; third, as a theatrical and a cultural term, it covers works with the quality of modernity. These meanings apply to different fields, but both the first and the second overlook the connotation of modernity. When discussing the modernity of "modern xiqu", professor Lü Xiaoping emphasizes both modern spirit and the dramatic principle of "the unity of plot", and professor Fu Jin emphasizes virtuosity and the subsequent self-discipline and …

A Study Of "The Anti-Modern Modernity" And Its Change In Two-Way Travels, Yuyu Wu

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Since Wang Hui discussed "the anti-modern modernity" in detail in his article "Contemporary Chinese Thought and the Question of Modernity", the issue of Chinese modernity has become a bone of contention in the ideological circle of China. In fact, the theory did not grow from China, but was initially proposed by Western Leftist theorists. It affected Chinese scholars in the West and then entered China. This article focuses on the discussion of "the anti-modern modernity" by Arif Dirlik, Liu Kang and Wang Hui, and compares their different understandings and interpretations in Chinese and Western contexts. The theory of Arif Dirlik …

The Likening Of Pen Into Weaponry In Ancient Literary Criticism And The Metaphor System Of Literati's Writing And Craftsmen's Crafting, Minxue Huang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The analogy of pen with weapons is a phenomenon rich in hierarchy and systematicness in ancient literary criticism. It comes from the ancients' pursuit of words' real power, the habits of mind of metaphor with objects, the influence of war craft on art theory and the literati's hope of being well-versed in both polite letters and martial arts. It has kinds of existence forms and concludes words, literary form, atmosphere and ornate wording and so on. Besides, the analysis of the analogy of pen with weapons' production will guide us to a deeper system of literary criticism, which is the …

Ranges Of Understanding: On The Vast Scope Of Art Interpretation. A Wittgensteinian Perspective, Majetschak Stefan

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The article examines the question of what "understanding an art work" means and offers some considerations about the ranges of understanding that we experience in interpretations of art: the vast scope between the contrasting extremes "expert knowledge" on the one hand and "art blindness" on the other. With respect to the philosophy of later Ludwig Wittgenstein it will be shown what these ranges originate from and why they are unavoidable. This may come as a surprise to some philosophers since Wittgenstein usually is not regarded as someone from whom one might expect pronouncements of an aesthetic nature. But in fact …

Refiguring "Philosophical Words": The Genesis Context And Classification Of Wang Chuanshan's Theory "Integrating Philosophy Into Emotions", Ningning Yang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

"Philosophical words" in poetry has always been an important issue in classical Chinese poetics. In its complicated development process, the poetic discourse of Wang Chuanshan played the role of clarification and remodeling. From the point of view of the source, some theories of poetry, such as "the law of things" in the Song dynasty, Yan Yu's ideas of "language, thought and image", "opposing reason in favor of emotion" put forth since the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, Hao Jing's idea of "the reason of poetry", Chen Baisha's idea of "using emotions to govern reason", became the context for the genesis of …

The Autonomy Of Literature And Literary Standards: A Study Of Earl Miner's Methodology Of Comparative Poetics, Jianxun Ji, Jianfeng Zhang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The autonomy of literature and literary standard is of great significance for Earl Miner's comparative poetics research. The former is the presupposition of Earl Miner's system of comparative poetics, and the latter its basic standard. Departing from these, Miner draws a map for the literary and poetic tradition of the West and the East, thereby redefining the essence of literature and literary genres from a comparative perspective and expounding the cultural and historical factors that have led to the difference. Key to his system, Earl Miner's assumption of literature autonomy and abidance to the literary standard in literary studies are …

Fang Dongshu's Comments On The Jiangxi Poetics, Sheng Wu

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Fang Dongshu was an important writer of the later Tongcheng Literary School. He discussed poetics from the perspective of article writing style and therefore reframed the historical connection between the Jiangxi Poetics and Du Fu's Han Yu's "prose style in poetry". Fang Dongshu argued that although Huang Tingjian had learnt the creation of artistic conception from Du Fu and the expression of style from Han Yu, he didn't achieve the natural realm and smooth aesthetic found in them.Fang had a comprehensive and detailed analysis about the Jiangxi Poetics, summarized its value, ways of composition, experience, etc. These are the historical …

St John The Baptist: Da Vinci's Irony, Chunlian Chen

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

In Leonardo da Vinci's St John the Baptist, the figure is androgynous, whose expression and posture look enchanting and tempting. Such an image does not accord with the description in the Bible, which is remarkably unusual in Christian culture. People in the Renaissance began to rethink about truth and revelation of Christian religion, believing that Christian thoughts and culture were not monolithic any more. St John the Baptist predicts the coming of Jesus; namely, he witnesses the true light. However, da Vinci transformed his image characteristics and gave the image new connotation and symbolic meaning, which made Christian truth that …

A Fusion Of Yangmingism, Politics And Literature: The Constructional Dimensions Of Li Fu's Literary Ideas, Wei Chang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Li Fu's ( 1675-1750) literary ideas are a fusion of Yangmingism, politics and literature, due to his profound research on Yangmingism, his political expectation for being a man like Yi Yin, his appreciation for Ouyang Xiu, Zeng Gong, Wang Anshi, a group of people born in Jiangxi who put great importance on literature, his rich literary experience and profound insights in his articles. Based on Yangmingism, he cleared the barriers to be a saint and got the ideas which could turn thoughts into action. He then bridged the traditional gap between "Confucian orthodoxy" and "dominion", constructed the discourse system about …

Art And Objecthood: An Explication Of The Debate Inspired By Martin Heidegger, Zhenglong Wang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

In his middle and later writings, Heidegger puts forward the issue of the relation of art and objecthood, holding that creation presents an object as a production and an artwork manifests the thingly element in a broad field, with criticism of the three definitions of the thing: the thing as a carrier of properties, the thing as a unit of sensorial perception, and the thing as matter moulded in a particular form. Heidegger's ideas based on his art ontology reflect his thoughts about what art is and what a human being is, which are related to the art trends of …

Descartes's Theory Of Passion And Le Brun's Theory Of Expression: A Study Of Details Regarding The French Classicist Aesthetics During The 17Th Century, Ying Zhang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Charles Le Brun, the first painter of Louis XVI, delivered several speeches in the Académie royale de la peinture et du sculpture and talked about the question of expressing people's passions. He developed his own theory of expression by consulting the Les passions de l''âme by René Descartes. Some scholars think that it was Descartes who influenced essentially the classicist aesthetics of Le Brun and the académie. Others think that Le Brun radically misread Descartes, and thus they depreciate his theory of painting. This article has a different opinion: the theory of expression was formed by reforming substantially the text …

Kristeva And The Generation Of Postmodernist Literary Theory, Xuemei Zhao

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Postmodernist Literary Theory starts from the French poststructuralist and deconstructivist literary theory, Kristeva plays a vital role in the generation of French Postmodernism Literary Theory. In France, Bakhtin's poetics introduced by Kristeva plays a landmark role in the transition of the ideological trend from structuralism to post-structuralism. On the basis of inheriting and developing Bakhtin's dialogue theory, Kristeva proposes the Intertextuality theory, Which establishes her position as the pioneer of poststructuralist literary theory and directly contributes to Roland Barthes' transition from structuralism to poststructuralism. Kristeva also inspires the master of deconstruction Derrida. The "May Storm" in 1968, the Tel Quel …

Muses And Dongb Longf: The Literature Behind Literatures, Xinjian Xu

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Literary anthropology focuses not only on the anthropological dimension and content of literary studies but also on the literariness of anthropology. In order to explore what makes literatures literature, this paper tries to explain the existence of literature and its significance from the perspective of literary anthropology. The interpretation to the existence and significance of literature from the perspective of literary anthropology entails exploration regarding what makes literature literature. Both Muses, the inspirational goddesses of literature, science and the arts in Greek methology, and Dongb Langf, or folk bard-singers in Southwest China are associated with literature, but their identities and …

Overseas Research On Marxist Aesthetics: A Comparative Reading And Thought Construction, Song Li, Muyi Yu

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Marxist aesthetics had a significant position in aesthetics in twentieth century China, heavily influencing China's social transformation and thought construction. In studies of Marxist aesthetics in China, it is necessary to draw on Marxist aesthetics of the West as a frame of reference and incorporate it studies of China's history of thought. With a comparative, cross-cultural approach, Liu Kang focuses on contemporary Marxist aesthetics in China or related topics. His studies have not only offered new dimensions and methodologies for studies of Marxist aesthetics in China, but also helped to construct a frame of reference and to reflect upon contemporary …

The Awakening Of Time Consciousness And The Outset Of Modern Art: A Phenomenological Interpretation Of The Impressionist Painting, Hongbin Su

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The impressionist painting became the outset of modern art because impressionist painters had grasped the characteristics of modern life: variability. Their pursuit of variability awakened their time consciousness which was later introduced into their paintings by portraying the transient moments of objects as the theme. In order to capture that moment, impressionist painters valued perception but denied memories and imagination for perception could grasp the original impression of the certain instant while memories and imagination could only catch the past and the future in the complete time consciousness. Impressionist painters were preoccupied with the beauty of transience but ignored that …

The Classical Propositions Of Ancient Opera Studies In The Historiography Of Opera In The Period Of The Republic Of China, Jingfeng Huang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Chinese opera historians in the first half of the 20 th century continued the discussion of the classical propositions of ancient opera studies in their historiography of traditional Chinese opera. They conducted historical criticism through reconsidering the classical propositions and appropriately placed them in the historical context, thus making it a part of historical narrative. There are four categories of classical propositions that entered into the historical studies in this period: classification, comparison, revelation of causes, story prototype tracing. The reconsideration of classical propositions has not only historiographical value, but also twofold significance at the level of opera history. On …

The Destiny Of Western Theory In China: Jameson And Jamesonism, Kang Liu

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

This essay is the first of a series of inquiries. It takes Jameson as a point of departure for the reflection on the reception, revision and transformation of western literary theories in China over the last four decades. It examines the path of "translating and borrowing", "addressing Chinese issues with western discourses" as the intellectual background, and then explores "Chinese Jamesonism" as a neo-Marxist academic discourse befitting current Chinese circumstances, invented on a selective themes of postmodernism and Third World "national allegory". Chinese Jamesonism has little to do with what Jameson thinks and writes, and this kind of selective misreading …

The Illustrations Of The Novel And Image Narration, Xianzhang Zhao

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The illustrations of the novel originated from the "talking and singing show" of the Tang Dynasty. Bianwen ( 变文), Bianxiang (变相) and the illustrations of scripts for story-telling are the visible forms of the early stage, which are repeated and transcended by the illustrations of the novel in late imperial China. From "talking and singing show" in the scene to the text for reading, which is the folding of the narrative of the novel, "illustrations" are inserted in the folds of the narrative text, and bring the evidence to the reader's mind. Story painting and figure painting are the two …

The Theatre Of Purgation And The Theatre Of Cultivation: As Related To The Complex Definitions And Ramifications Of Theatre, Drama, Chinese Opera In The Context Of Chinese And Western Cultures, Huizhu (William) Sun

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Two important aspects of western theatre have escaped the attention of most Chinese theatre people and scholars. One of them, originated from Greek tragedies full of familial killings, is a preference for the display and purgation of things unclean. This is largely incompatible with Chinese culture, in which theatre, especially Chinese opera, tends to showcase positive role models in uplifting stories. The other ignored aspect is reflected in a huge portion of western theatre that parallels the Chinese preference for moral cultivation and/or entertainment. In China theatre studies has been dominated by western discourse on serious drama, i. e. the …

The Transition From Ritual To Text: The Value Of Poetics Of Verse Composison In The Spring And Autumn Period, Yanqing Liu, Xinke Zhang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

In the Western Zhou Dynasty, poetry, music and dance were combined to become an important part of rituals. The spreading of poetry in this period is consistent with rituals. The rituality of poetry gradually faded and its textual value grew as poetry in the Western Zhou ceremony became verse in the Spring and Autumn period. The spreading of poetry shifted from rituality to textuality. In Spring and Autumn poetry, the consistency between poetry and ceremony began to disintegrate, but the consistency between poetry and text had not yet emerged. This situation led to multiple interpretations to the meaning of the …