Rethinking The "Marginal Revolution" In The History Of Economic Thought: A Brief Examination Of The Marginal Utility Theory Before And In The 1870s, 2016 University of Denver
Rethinking The "Marginal Revolution" In The History Of Economic Thought: A Brief Examination Of The Marginal Utility Theory Before And In The 1870s, Ding Ning
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The "Marginal Revolution," a well-known event in the history of economic thought, challenged the mainstream classical political economy and introduced new methods to economic study. The "Marginal Revolution" marked the rise of the Marginal Utility School and pushed the formulation of neoclassical economics. Because marginal utility is the core concept of the "Marginal Revolution," this thesis studies the origin of marginal utility theory by examining figures such as Bernoulli, Bentham, Dupuit, and Goseen, and the utility theory with its related topics of Jevons, Menger and Walras in the 1870s. This thesis considers the significance of the "Marginal Revolution," with particular …
Examining Monetary Policy In The Absence Of A Central Bank And Sovereign Currency In Palestine, 2016 Bard College
Examining Monetary Policy In The Absence Of A Central Bank And Sovereign Currency In Palestine, Salam Marwan Awartani
Senior Projects Spring 2016
There is extensive literature on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict that studies the historic, political, and social aspects. However, few scholars have examined the economic model that was born out of the conflict and the various implications behind it. According to Charles Goodhart: “A Central Bank has two main functions. Its first (macro-economic) function is the operation of discretionary monetary policy” and a “second (micro-economic) function, of providing support (e.g., via Lender of Last Resort assistance), and regulatory and supervisory services to maintain the health of the banking system”[1]. However, with the Israeli Occupation’s imposed restrictions on the PMA, the …
Subreption, Radical Institutionalism, And Evolutionary Economics, 2016 Portland State University
Subreption, Radical Institutionalism, And Evolutionary Economics, John B. Hall, Alexander Dunlap, Joe Mitchell-Nelson
Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations
This inquiry seeks to establish the importance of subreption as an approach to economic and social evolution that also proves integral to the tradition of radical institutionalism. We relate subreption’s etymology and appearances in Roman, Canon and Scots Law, as well as in Philosophy, to its applications found in writings advanced by Thorstein Veblen and carried on later as William Dugger details the rise of corporate hegemony. Understood as an approach derivable from selected philosophical writings of Immanuel Kant, in social science subreption is suggested to occur through the introduction of an outside value that sets off a form of …
The Emergence Of Classical American Patent Law, 2016 University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School
The Emergence Of Classical American Patent Law, Herbert J. Hovenkamp
All Faculty Scholarship
One enduring historical debate concerns whether the American Constitution was intended to be "classical" -- referring to a theory of statecraft that maximizes the role of private markets and minimizes the role of government in economic affairs. The most central and powerful proposition of classical constitutionalism is that the government's role in economic development should be minimal. First, private rights in property and contract exist prior to any community needs for development. Second, if a particular project is worthwhile the market itself will make it occur. Third, when the government attempts to induce development politics inevitably distorts the decision making. …
Making A Killing: A Study Of The Trade And Production Of Arms, 2016 Bard College
Making A Killing: A Study Of The Trade And Production Of Arms, Jonas D. Kempf
Senior Projects Spring 2016
This thesis attempts to put arms transfers and the modern defense industry in historical context by identifying the drivers of change in the trade and production of arms over time. To this end, a review of the literature on the arms trade up to the Second World War comprises the first part of the study, presenting a largely qualitative overview of shifts in the flow of arms, the location of the world’s arms-producing centers, and changes in attitudes towards transfers as they have affected the trade. The second half of the study provides a data-driven analysis of trends in the …
Relationships, Credit, And Value: Analyzing Money As A Social Institution In Late Eighteenth-Century Virginia, 2016 College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences
Relationships, Credit, And Value: Analyzing Money As A Social Institution In Late Eighteenth-Century Virginia, Amanda White Gibson
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Uniting Interests: The Economic Functions Of Marriage In America, 1750-1860, 2016 College of William & Mary
Uniting Interests: The Economic Functions Of Marriage In America, 1750-1860, Lindsay Mitchell Keiter
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
This dissertation, "Uniting Interests: Money, Property, and Marriage in America, 1750-1860," examines how marriage was an essential economic transaction that responded to the development of capitalism in early America. Drawing on scholarship on the history of economic development, household organization, law, and gender, I argue that families actively distributed resources at marriage as part of larger wealth management strategies that were sensitive to regional and national economic growth. I focus particularly on women's property holding and how families deployed the legal protection of women's property as bulwarks against financial disaster. This project restores the family and women to the narrative …
Re-Imagining Antitrust: The Revisionist Work Of Richard S. Markovits, 2016 University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School
Re-Imagining Antitrust: The Revisionist Work Of Richard S. Markovits, Herbert J. Hovenkamp
All Faculty Scholarship
This review discusses Richard Markovits’ two volume book "Economics and the Interpretation" and "Application of U.S. and E.U. Antitrust Law" (2014), focusing mainly on Markovits’ approaches to antitrust tests of illegality, pricing offenses, market definition and the assessment of market power, and his important work anticipating unilateral effects theory in merger cases. Markovits argues forcefully that the Sherman and Clayton Acts were intended to employ different tests of illegality. As a result, even when they cover the same practices, such as mergers, exclusive dealing, or tying, they address them under different tests. He then shows how he would analyze various …
Regional Economic Development―A Survey Of Theories In The Past Two Centuries (1800-2000), 2016 San Jose State University
Regional Economic Development―A Survey Of Theories In The Past Two Centuries (1800-2000), Xiaohong Quan
Faculty Publications
The purpose of this paper is to survey the evolution of theories in the field of regional economic development in the past two centuries (1800-2000) before the new millennium. Theories from the ‘spacial’ dimension and from the ‘economic’ dimension are understood as the classical foundation of the field. Important theories are identified and discussed for regional economic development. Specifically, the topics examined here first center around the mechanisms behind regional economic growth, answering questions such as why growth happens in certain regions, why growth can shift to other places, and what factors or environments can foster growth in certain regions. …
The Progressives: Economics, Science, And Race, 2015 University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School
The Progressives: Economics, Science, And Race, Herbert J. Hovenkamp
All Faculty Scholarship
This essay is a brief review of Thomas C. Leonard, Illiberal Reformers: Race, Eugenics, and American Economics in the Progressive Era (Princeton Univ. Press 2016).
Regional Labour Market Integration In England And Wales, 1850-1913, 2015 Cornell University
Regional Labour Market Integration In England And Wales, 1850-1913, George R. Boyer, Timothy J. Hatton
George R. Boyer
[Excerpt] This chapter examines the integration of labour markets within the rural and urban sectors of England and Wales during the second half of the nineteenth century. Although there is a large literature on internal migration and emigration in Victorian Britain, historians typically have focused on the direction and causes of migration rather than on its consequences for the labour market. Broadly speaking, the literature has found that workers did indeed migrate towards better wage-earning opportunities, that most moves were short-distance moves, and that once certain patterns of migration were established they often persisted. The studies leave the strong impression, …
The Labor Share Question In China, 2015 University of Massachusetts Amherst
The Labor Share Question In China, Hao Qi
Doctoral Dissertations
In this study I explore why China’s labor share measured by the conventional approach experienced a major decline over the period from the mid-1990s to the outbreak of the global financial and economic crisis in 2008. I adopt a Marxian approach to address this question. Following the Marxian approach, I focus on how the power relation in the sphere of production affects labor’s share. I argue that major changes in the power relation that took place during the transition of China’s economic system have played a crucial role in the changes of distribution. To this end, I build homogenous series …
In The Aftermath Of The Financial Crisis Of 2008: What Have We Learned?, 2015 Pepperdine University
In The Aftermath Of The Financial Crisis Of 2008: What Have We Learned?, Luisa Blanco, Michael Crouch
Luisa Blanco
In the aftermath of the financial crisis and economic recession of 2008, it is important to reflect not only on its causes, but also on specific policies that can help countries to move towards sustained economic growth. This publication provides a compendium of lectures that intend to do this. The focus of the discussion is around the U.S. (first two chapters) and Latin America (last chapter), which enhances our understanding of the forces at play and the necessary policies that need to be implemented in different regions of the world. Dr. Lee Ohanian points to the strange differences between the …
Aggregate Demand And Defensive Spending In The United States From The Second World War To The End Of The Twentieth Century, 2015 Germanna Community College
Aggregate Demand And Defensive Spending In The United States From The Second World War To The End Of The Twentieth Century, Sam Martin
Student Writing
No abstract provided.
Employee Opportunism In Two Early Modern British Trading Companies, 2015 Old Dominion University
Employee Opportunism In Two Early Modern British Trading Companies, Robert Franklin Unger
History Theses & Dissertations
The English East India Company and the Hudson’s Bay Company were the most prominent of a score or more of seventeenth and eighteenth century joint stock European trading companies whose merchants conducted their trading activities around the globe. The extraordinary distances and length of time that separated the London directorate committees of both companies from their distant employees was perhaps their greatest managerial challenge. Neither company could directly supervise their employees at their remote trading concessions, whether it was India and the East Indies for the East India Company or sub-arctic North America for the Hudson’s Bay Company.
Because of …
Higher Education And Income Distribution In A Less Developed Country, 2015 Cornell University
Higher Education And Income Distribution In A Less Developed Country, Gary S. Fields
Gary S Fields
[Excerpt] The primary purpose of this paper is to empirically test among both the intra- and the inter-generational version of these three hypotheses for higher (i.e. post-secondary) levels of education for one less developed country, Kenya. A secondary purpose is to investigate other economic aspects of spending on higher education, most notably the question of horizontal equity in school finance. Before proceeding, a methodological point is in order. There is no consensus in the public economics literature on what is a suitable criterion for assessing the equitability of a fiscal programme. At least three criteria may be distinguished (the terminology …
Property Rights And The First Great Divergence: Europe 1500-1800, 2015 Florida International University
Property Rights And The First Great Divergence: Europe 1500-1800, Cem Karayalcin
Economics Research Working Paper Series
Recent literature on developing countries has revived interest in structural change involving the reallocation of resources from agriculture to industry. Here, we focus on the first such historically important structural transformation in which some parts of Europe escaped from the Malthusian trap centuries earlier than the Industrial Revolution, while others stagnated. There is as yet no consensus as to the causes of this First Great Divergence. The paper advances the thesis that what lies at the root of different paths is the type of property rights inherited. As populations everywhere in Europe recovered from the catastrophes of the late medieval …
Wealthy, But Unequal: The Anomaly Of Inequality In The United States, 2015 Seton Hall University
Wealthy, But Unequal: The Anomaly Of Inequality In The United States, Joseph Puleo
Political Analysis
No abstract provided.
Transportation And Sanitation Drivers Of Land Use/Land Cover Change: Loss Of The Jamaica Bay Wetlands, 2015 CUNY Hunter College
Transportation And Sanitation Drivers Of Land Use/Land Cover Change: Loss Of The Jamaica Bay Wetlands, Margaret Joy Cytryn
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis presents an analysis (1830-2014) of the historical events of land use/land cover change in the Jamaica Bay estuary, identification of the agents of change, and a perspective on the potential drivers of transportation and sanitation in land use/land cover change.
The City Of Destiny’S Darkest Hour: Tacoma And The Depression Of The 1890s, 2015 University of Washington - Tacoma Campus
The City Of Destiny’S Darkest Hour: Tacoma And The Depression Of The 1890s, Ian W. Clogston
History Undergraduate Theses
The Panic of 1893 and subsequent economic depression was significantly detrimental to the economy of Tacoma, Washington. This work details the economic growth in the years preceding the Panic of 1893 in Tacoma as well as the effects the Depression of the 1890s had on Tacoma’s economy, including the numerous business and banking failures, a lack of employment, lack of money, and the miseries of the community’s life during the depression.