Physics Commons^™

Waccmxdata, Xuguang Cai

Xuguang Cai

A Diffraction Paradox: An Unusually Broad Diffraction Background Signals Ideal Graphene, Shen Chen, Michael Horn-Von Hoegen, Patricia A. Thiel, Michael C. Tringides

Patricia A. Thiel

The realization of the unusual properties of 2-d materials requires the formation of large domains of single layer thickness, extending over the mesoscale. It is found that the formation of ideal graphene on SiC, contrary to textbook diffraction , is signaled by a strong bell-shaped-component (BSC) around the (00) and G(10), but not the SiC(10) spots.The BSC is also seen for graphene on metals, because single layer uniform graphene with large lateral size can also be grown. It is only seen by electron diffraction and not with X-ray or He-scattering experiments. Most likely it originates from the spatial ...

Introduction To Classical Field Theory, Charles G. Torre

Charles G. Torre

On Classification Approaches For Crystallographic Symmetries Of Noisy 2d Periodic Patterns, Peter Moeck

Peter Moeck

The existing types of classification approaches for the crystallographic symmetries of patterns that are more or less periodic in two dimensions (2D) are reviewed. Their relative performance is evaluated in a qualitative manner. Pseudo-symmetries of different kinds are discussed as they present severe challenges to most classification approaches when noise levels are moderate to high. The author’s information theory based approaches utilize digital images and geometric Akaike Information Criteria. They perform well in the presence of pseudo-symmetries and turn out to be the only ones that allow for fully objective (completely researcher independent) and generalized noise level dependent classifications ...

3d Systems' Technology Overview And New Applications In Manufacturing, Engineering, Science, And Education, Trevor Snyder, Mike Andrews, Mark M. Weislogel, Peter Moeck, Jennifer Stone-Sundberg, Derek Birkes, Madeline Paige Hoffert, Adam Lindeman, Jeff Morrill, Ondrej Fercak, Sasha Friedman, Jeff Gunderson, Anh Ha, Jack Mccollister, Yongkang Chen, John T. Geile, Andrew Paul Wollman, Babek Attari, Nathan Botnen, Vasant Vuppuluri, Jennifer Shim, Werner Kaminsky, Dustin Adams, John Graft

Mark M. Weislogel

Since the inception of 3D printing, an evolutionary process has taken place in which specific user and customer needs have crossed paths with the capabilities of a growing number of machines to create value-added businesses. Even today, over 30 years later, the growth of 3D printing and its utilization for the good of society is often limited by the various users' understanding of the technology for their specific needs. This article presents an overview of current 3D printing technologies and shows numerous examples from a multitude of fields from manufacturing to education.

Strongly Correlated Systems Under High Magnetic Field: A Mixed Landau Levels Description For Fractional Quantum Hall Effect, Sumanta Bandyopadhyay

Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Strong correlation among electrons under high magnetic field gives rise to an entirely new arena of emergent physics, namely fractional quantum Hall effect. Such systems have entirely different elementary degrees of freedom and generally, demand non-perturbative approaches to develop a better understanding. In the literature, there are several analytical methodologies and numerical toolkits available to study such a system. Clustering of zeros, parent Hamiltonian, off-diagonal order parameter, parton construction, matrix product states are to be named among a few of those popular methodologies in the existing literature. Most of these methods work well in the lowest Landau level or holomorphic ...

Tuning Phase-Stability And Short-Range Order Through Ai-Doping In (Cocrfemn)100-Xaix High Entropy Alloys, Prashant Singh, Amalraj Marshal, Andrei V. Smirnov, Aayush Sharma, Ganesh Balasubramanian, K. G. Pradeep, Duane D. Johnson

Ganesh Balasubramanian

For (CoCrFeMn)100−xAlx high-entropy alloys, we investigate the phase evolution with increasing Al content (0≤x≤20 at.%). From first-principles theory, aluminum doping drives the alloy structurally from fcc to bcc separated by a narrow two-phase region (fcc+bcc), which is well supported by our experiments. Using KKR-CPA electronic-structure calculations, we highlight the effect of Al doping on the formation enthalpy (alloy stability) and electronic dispersion of (CoCrFeMn)100−xAlx alloys. As chemical short-range order indicates the nascent local order, and entropy changes, as well as expected low-temperature ordering behavior, we use KKR-CPA-based thermodynamic linear response to predict the ...

Extensive Soot Compaction By Cloud Processing From Laboratory And Field Observations, Janarjan Bhandari, Swarup China, Kamal Kant Chandrakar, Greg Kinney, Will Cantrell, Raymond Shaw, Lynn Mazzoleni, Giulia Girotto, Noopur Sharma, Kyle Gorkowski, Stefania Gilardoni, Stefano Decesari, Maria Cristina Facchini, Nicola Zanca, Giulia Pavese, Francesco Esposito, Manvendra K Dubey, Allison C Aiken, Rajan K Chakrabarty, Hans Moosmüller, Timothy B Onasch, Rahul A Zaveri, Barbara V Scarnato, Paulo Fialho, Claudio Mazzoleni

Michigan Tech Publications

Soot particles form during combustion of carbonaceous materials and impact climate and air quality. When freshly emitted, they are typically fractal-like aggregates. After atmospheric aging, they can act as cloud condensation nuclei, and water condensation or evaporation restructure them to more compact aggregates, affecting their optical, aerodynamic, and surface properties. Here we survey the morphology of ambient soot particles from various locations and different environmental and aging conditions. We used electron microscopy and show extensive soot compaction after cloud processing. We further performed laboratory experiments to simulate atmospheric cloud processing under controlled conditions. We find that soot particles sampled after ...

Yang-Mills Sources For Biconformal Gravity, Walter Davis Muhwezi

Physics Capstone Project

We present a gauge formulation of Yang-Mills matter sources for Biconformal gravity. Biconformal gravity is a 2n-dimensional conformal gauge theory with a curvature linear action that has been shown to reproduce scale invariant general relativity on the cotangent bundle of n-dimensional space time. We present a generalization of Yang-Mills theories in biconformal space and show that the field equations with sources reduce the Yang-Mills sector to n-dimensional Yang-Mills theory in curved spacetime. We compute the restrictive conditions on the energy-momentum tensor required by the gravitational field equations.

Dependence Of The Absolute Value Of The Penetration Depth In (Ba1–X Kx) Fe2 As2 On Doping, Avior Almoalem, Alon Yagil, Kyuil Cho, Serafim Teknowijoyo, Makariy A. Tanatar, Ruslan Prozorov, Yong Liu, Thomas A. Lograsso, Ophir M. Auslaender

Thomas A. Lograsso

We report magnetic force microscopy (MFM) measurements on the iron-based superconductor Ba1−xKxFe2As2. By measuring locally the Meissner repulsion with the magnetic MFM tip, we determine the absolute value of the in-plane magnetic penetration depth (λab) in underdoped, optimally doped, and overdoped samples. The results suggest an abrupt increase of λab as doping is increased from xopt, which is potentially related to the presence of a quantum critical point. The response of superconducting vortices to magnetic forces exerted by the MFM tip for x=0.19 and 0.58 is compatible with previously observed structural symmetries at those doping levels.

A Search For Boosted Low Mass Resonances Decaying To The Bb̅ Final State And Produced In Association With A Jet At √S = 13 Tev With The Atlas Detector, Matthew Feickert

Physics Theses and Dissertations

A search in the high momentum regime for new resonances, produced in association with a jet, decaying into a pair of bottom quarks is presented using an integrated luminosity of 80.5 fb^-1 of proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energy √s = 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The search was performed for low mass resonances, including the Standard Model Higgs boson and leptophobic Z' dark matter mediators, in the mass range of 100 GeV to 200 GeV. For the Standard Model Higgs boson, the observed signal strength is μH = 5.8 ± 3.1 (stat ...

Massive Elementary Particles In The Standard Model And Its Supersymmetric Triplet Higgs Extension, Keping Xie

Physics Theses and Dissertations

In this dissertation, we focus on massive elementary particles in the Standard Model and its supersymmetric triplet Higgs extension.

In the first part, we start with a review of electroweak (EW) sector in the Standard Model. Motivated by nonzero neutrino masses, we consider triplet scalars in addition to the Standard Model. The vacuum expectation values of scalar triplets are strongly constrained by the $\rho$ parameter, extracted from electroweak precision measurements. Therefore, we introduce a custodial symmetry to weaken this constraint and obtain the well-known Georgi-Machacek (GM) Model. The GM model still requires fine-tuning to satisfy the $\rho$ parameter constraint. It ...

Erratum: "Imaging The Three‐Dimensional Orientation And Rotational Mobility Of Fluorescent Emitters Using The Tri‐Spot Point Spread Function", Oumeng Zhang, Jin Lu, Tianben Ding, Matthew D. Lew

Electrical & Systems Engineering Publications and Presentations

In the original paper, a calibration error exists in the image-formation model used to analyze experimental images taken by our microscope, causing a bias in the orientation measurements in Figs. 2 and 3. The updated measurements are shown in Fig. E1. We have also updated the supplementary material for the original article to discuss the revised PSF model and estimation algorithms (supplementary material 2) and show the revised model and measurements (Figs. S1, S3, S7, S8, and S10–S13).

Monitoring Ambient Laboratory Conditions With A Raspberry Pi, Joshua Boman

Physics Capstone Project

Precise experimental devices and measurements can be sensitive to changing physical conditions in the lab. The purpose of this research was to develop a standardized computer automated package to monitor and record changes in laboratory conditions, including ambient temperature, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, light intensity, motion, and power outages. The computer-interfaced device was based around an inexpensive Raspberry Pi microcomputer and commercially available sensors. The Raspberry Pi uploads the sensor data to a file used by LabVIEW to further analyze, plot and display the calibrated sensor data in real time and trigger alarms. This capability allows the Material Physics Research ...

A Simple And Efficient Centrifugation Filtration Method For Bacterial Concentration And Isolation Prior To Testing Liquid Specimens With Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, Dylan J. Malenfanta, Alexandra E. Paulick, Steven J. Rehse

Physics Publications

An inexpensive filtration device was designed and constructed to rapidly concentrate bacteria in a liquid suspension on the surface of a disposable filter medium while at the same time separating the bacterial cells from larger contaminants in the suspension on the basis of their size. The device consists of a two-stage insert that is held rigidly in a standard tube during bacterial suspension centrifugation. The filters can be easily removed from the insert for subsequent testing with laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy in a process that takes only three minutes. Filter media of 0.45 micron pore size was found to capture ...

Classification Of Isometry Algebras Of Solutions Of Einstein's Field Equations, Eugene Hwang

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Since Schwarzschild found the first solution of the Einstein’s equations, more than 800 solutions were found. Solutions of Einstein’s equations are classified according to their Lie algebras of isometries and their isotropy subalgebras. Solutions were taken from the USU electronic library of solutions of Einstein’s field equations and the classification used Maple code developed at USU. This classification adds to the data contained in the library of solutions and provides additional tools for addressing the equivalence problem for solutions to the Einstein field equations. In this thesis, homogeneous spacetimes, hypersurface-homogeneous spacetimes, Robinson-Trautman solutions, and some famous black ...

Computational Studies Of Thermal Properties And Desalination Performance Of Low-Dimensional Materials, Yang Hong

Student Research Projects, Dissertations, and Theses - Chemistry Department

During the last 30 years, microelectronic devices have been continuously designed and developed with smaller size and yet more functionalities. Today, hundreds of millions of transistors and complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor cells can be designed and integrated on a single microchip through 3D packaging and chip stacking technology. A large amount of heat will be generated in a limited space during the operation of microchips. Moreover, there is a high possibility of hot spots due to non-uniform integrated circuit design patterns as some core parts of a microchip work harder than other memory parts. This issue becomes acute as stacked microchips get ...

Benchmarks Of Nonclassicality For Qubit Arrays, Mordecai Waegell, Justin Dressel

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

We present a set of practical benchmarks for N-qubit arrays that economically test the fidelity of achieving multi-qubit nonclassicality. The benchmarks are measurable correlators similar to two-qubit Bell correlators, and are derived from a particular set of geometric structures from the N-qubit Pauli group. These structures prove the Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) theorem, while the derived correlators witness genuine N-partite entanglement and establish a tight lower bound on the fidelity of particular stabilizer state preparations. The correlators need only M ≤ N + 1 distinct measurement settings, as opposed to the 2^2N − 1 settings that would normally be required ...

Development Of A Ground-Based Aerial-Tracking Instrument For Open-Path Spectroscopy To Monitor Atmospheric Constituents, Haden Hodges

Civil Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

A ground-based aerial-tracking instrument, known as the Ground Tracker, designed to provide spectral data to quantify greenhouse gases is under development. The Ground Tracker includes an Optical System including a high power rifle scope, video camera, and spectrometer used to locate an active light source from the Emitter, and collect spectral data by utilizing an actuating mirror. The implementation of this instrument could be made low cost by utilizing existing weather balloon infrastructure to allow the Emitter to be placed into the lower stratosphere. The recovery of the emitter will be possible by tracking the GPS coordinates. Weather balloon instrument ...

Nonlinear Estimation And Control Methods For Mechanical And Aerospace Systems Under Actuator Uncertainty, Krishna Bhavithavya Kidambi

Dissertations and Theses

Air flow velocity field control is of crucial importance in aerospace applications to prevent the potentially destabilizing effects of phenomena such as cavity ow oscillations, flow separation, flow-induced limit cycle oscillations (LCO) (flutter), vorticity, and acoustic instabilities. Flow control is also important in aircraft applications to reduce drag in aircraft wings for improved flight performance. Although passive flow control approaches are often utilized due to their simplicity, active flow control (AFC) methods can achieve improved flight performance over a wider range of time-varying operating conditions by automatically adjusting their level of control actuation in response to real-time sensor measurements. Although ...