Nuclear Commons^™

Novel, Portable And Low-Cost Cosmic Ray Muon Telescope, Jessica Eskew, Sawaiz Syed, Xiaochun He

Georgia Undergraduate Research Conference (GURC)

The earth is constantly bombarded with cosmic ray particles (mainly high energy proton particles) which have galactic and solar origins. These cosmic ray particles produce extensive cosmic ray showers starting at the altitude of 15 km. Most of the secondary particles continue interacting with the air molecules while cascading toward the surface of the earth. The most abundant particles that reach to the earth surface are muons (about 80%) together with a few percents of neutrons and electrons. Muon tomography and atmospheric weather study are applications using cosmic ray muons which protect and preserve our national security, health, and environment ...

Heat Transfer Comparison Of Varied Pebble Sizes And Packing Arrangements In A Pebble-Bed Reactor, Julian Spangler

Georgia Undergraduate Research Conference (GURC)

Pebble bed reactors are more cost efficient when heat transfer is optimized. In a pebble-bed reactor, optimizing heat transfer involves the analysis of complex flow. Therefore, computational fluid dynamics was used to simulate fluid movement in a structured cubic packing arrangement with a purpose in finding an optimal size of pebbles that will yield the fastest rate of heat transfer. The simple cubic pebble arrangement was used to determine if pebble size was key to optimizing heat transfer in the reactor. More complex arrangements of pebbles were used as comparison to the simple cubic packing in order to determine if ...

Measurement Of Unpolarized And Polarized Cross Sections For Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering On The Proton At Jefferson Laboratory With Clas, N. Hirlinger Saylor, K. P. Adhikari, M. J. Amaryan, S. Bültmann, G. Gavalian, M. Khachatryan, A. Klein, S E. Kuhn, Y. Prok, J. Zhang, Z. W. Zhao, Clas Collaboration

Physics Faculty Publications

This paper reports the measurement of polarized and unpolarized cross sections for the ep → e 'p' γ reaction, which is composed of deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) and Bethe-Heitler (BH) processes, at an electron beam energy of 5.88 GeV at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility using the Large Acceptance Spectrometer CLAS. The unpolarized cross sections and polarized cross section differences have been measured over broad kinematics, 0.10 2 < 4.8 GeV²,and 0.09 < −t< 2.00 GeV². The results are found to be consistent with previous CLAS data, and these new data are discussed in the framework of the generalized parton ...

Asymmetric Relativistic Fermi Gas Model For Quasielastic Lepton-Nucleus Scattering, M. B. Barbaro, A. De Pace, T. W. Donnelly, J. A. Caballero, G. D. Megias, J. W. Van Orden

Physics Faculty Publications

We develop an asymmetric relativistic Fermi gas model for the study of the electroweak nuclear response in the quasielastic region. The model takes into account the differences between neutron and proton densities in asymmetric (N> Z) nuclei, as well as differences in the neutron and proton separation energies. We present numerical results for both neutral and charged-current processes, focusing on nuclei of interest for ongoing and future neutrino oscillation experiments. We point out some important differences with respect to the commonly employed symmetric Fermi gas model.

Measurements Of The Γv P → P'Π+Π− Cross Section With The Clas Detector For 0.4 Gev2 < Q2 < 1.0 Gev2 And 1.3 Gev < W < 1.825 Gev, G. V. Fedotov, Iu. A. Skorodumina, V. D. Burkert, R. W. Gothe, G. Charles, M. Khachatryan, A. Klein, Y. Prok, Z. W. Zhao, Clas Collaboration

Physics Faculty Publications

New results on the single-differential and fully integrated cross sections for the process γ_vp → p'π+π− are presented. The experimental data were collected with the CLAS detector at Jefferson Laboratory. Measurements were carried out in the kinematic region of the reaction invariant mass W from 1.3 to 1.825 GeV and the photon virtuality Q² from 0.4 to 1.0 GeV². The cross sections were obtained in narrow Q² bins (0.05 GeV²) with the smallest statistical uncertainties achieved in double-pion electroproduction experiments to date. The results were found to be ...

High-Brilliance, High-Flux Compact Inverse Compton Light Source, K. E. Deitrick, G. A. Krafft, B. Terzić, J. R. Delayen

Physics Faculty Publications

The Old Dominion University Compact Light Source (ODU CLS) design concept is presented-a compact Inverse Compton Light Source (ICLS) with flux and brilliance orders of magnitude beyond conventional laboratory-scale sources and greater than other compact ICLS designs. This concept utilizes the physics of inverse Compton scattering of an extremely low emittance electron beam by a laser pulse of rms length of approximately two-thirds of a picosecond (2/3 ps). The accelerator is composed of a superconducting radio frequency (SRF) reentrant gun followed by four double-spoke SRF cavities. After the linac are three quadrupole magnets to focus the electron beam to ...

First Measurement Of Ξ− Polarization In Photoproduction, J. Bono, L. Guo, K. P. Adhikari, M. J. Amaryan, G. Charles, G. Gavalian, M. Khachatryan, A. Klein, Y. Prok, J. Zhang, Z. W. Zhao

Physics Faculty Publications

Despite decades of studies of the photoproduction of hyperons, both their production mechanisms and their spectra of excited states are still largely unknown. While the parity-violating weak decay of hyperons offers a means of measuring their polarization, which could help discern their production mechanisms and identify their excitation spectra, no such study has been possible for doubly strange baryons in photoproduction, due to low production cross sections. However, by making use of the reaction γ p → K⁺K⁺Ξ−, we have measured, for the first time, the induced polarization, P, and the transferred polarization from circularly polarized real photons, characterized ...

Differential Cross Section For Γ D →Ωd Using Clas At Jefferson Lab, T. Chetry, K. Hicks, N. Compton, S. Adhikari, J. Ball, G. Charles, M. Khachatryan, Y. Prok, L. B. Weinstein, Z. W. Zhao

Physics Faculty Publications

The cross section for coherent ω-meson photoproduction off the deuteron has been measured for the first time as a function of the momentum transfer t=(P_γ−P_ω)² and photon energy E_γ using the CLAS detector at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The cross sections are measured in the energy range 1.4 γ<3.4 GeV. A model based on ω−N rescattering is consistent with the data at low and intermediate momentum transfer, |t|. For 2.8 γ<3.4 GeV, the total cross-section of ω−N scattering, based on fits within the framework of the Vector Meson Dominance model, is in the range of 30–40 mb.

Ion Bunch Formation Strategies For The Jleic Collider, Bamunuvita Randika Prasad Gamage

Physics Theses & Dissertations

An Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) has been proposed and supported as the next major nuclear physics facility in the United States, with very high design luminosities of 10³³ − 10³⁴ cm⁻² s⁻¹. The Jefferson Lab EIC concept, JLEIC, includes construction of a new ion beam accelerator complex. To achieve the required luminosity, the JLEIC ion collider requires unprecedentedly short ion bunches of 1 cm length at a high repetition frequency of 476 MHZ. However, only much longer ion bunches are formed by the ion injector complex producing beams for the collider ring. Formation of short ion bunches from ...

First Measurement Of The Ti(E, É) X Cross Section At Jefferson Lab, Jefferson Lab Hall A Collaboration, F. Hauenstein, C. Hyde

Physics Faculty Publications

To probeCPviolation in the leptonic sector usingGeVenergy neutrino beams in current and future experiments using argon detectors, precise models of the complex underlying neutrino and antineutrino interactions are needed. The E12-14-012 experiment at JeffersonLab HallAwas designed to perform a combined analysis of inclusive and exclusive electron scatterings on both argon (N = 22) and titanium (Z = 22) nuclei using GeV-energy electron beams. Themeasurement on titanium nucleus provides essential information to understand the neutrino scattering on argon, large contribution to which comes from scattering off neutrons. Here we report the first experimental study of electron-titanium scattering as double-differential cross section at beam ...

Recommended Corrective Security Measures To Address The Weaknesses Identified Within The Shapash Nuclear Research Institute, Khadija Moussaid, Oum Keltoum Hakam

International Journal of Nuclear Security

The Shapash Nuclear Research Institute (SNRI) data book was issued by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in 2013. The hypothetical facility data book describes the hypothetical site, which is divided into two areas: the low-security area, known as the administrative area, and the very high-security area, known as the protected area. The book contains detailed descriptions of each area’s safety and security measures, along with figures of multiple buildings in both areas, and also includes information about the site’s computer networks.

This paper aims to identify security weaknesses related to the institute’s location, the Administrative Area ...

Conducting Nuclear Security Culture Self-Assessments In Nuclear Research Facilities Using The Iaea Methodology, Anhar Riza Antariksawan, Khairul Khairul, Heru Umbara, Endang Kristuti, Bayu Purnomo

International Journal of Nuclear Security

The National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN) has promoted the culture and assessment of nuclear security in Indonesia since 2010. After conducting a successful trial assessment in 2012, BATAN performed a second self-assessment in 2015 in three nuclear facilities. The assessment's methodology followed the guidelines set by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the techniques used in applying the IAEA methodology and to discuss the primary outcomes of the assessment. The data collection consisted of surveys, interviews, document reviews, and observations. A total of about 50% of the three facilities ...

Measurement Of The 3ΛH Lifetime In Au+Au Collisions At The Bnl Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, L. Adamczyk, J. R. Adams, James K. Adkins, G. Agakishiev, M. M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, N. N. Ajitanand, I. Alekseev, J. Alford, D. M. Anderson, R. Aoyama, A. Aparin, D. Arkhipkin, E. C. Aschenauer, M. U. Ashraf, A. Attri, G. S. Averichev, X. Bai, V. Bairathi, K. Barish, A. Behera, R. Bellwied, A. Bhasin, A. K. Bhati, P. Bhattarai, J. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, L. C. Bland, I. G. Bordyuzhin, J. Bouchet, Renee H. Fatemi, Suvarna Ramachandran

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

An improved measurement of the ³_ΛH lifetime is presented. In this paper, the mesonic decay modes ³_ΛH → ³He + π⁻ and ³_ΛH → d + p + π⁻ are used to reconstruct the ³_ΛH from Au+Au collision data collected by the STAR collaboration at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). A minimum χ² estimation is used to determine the lifetime of τ = 142⁺²⁴₋₂₁(stat.) ± 29(syst.) ps. This lifetime is about 50% shorter than the lifetime τ = 263 ± 2 ps of a free Λ, indicating strong hyperon-nucleon interaction in the hypernucleus system ...

Search For Dark Matter Decay Of The Free Neutron From The Ucna Experiment: N → Χ + E+E−, X. Sun, E. Adamek, B. Allgeier, M. Blatnik, T. J. Bowles, L. J. Broussard, M. A. -P. Brown, R. Carr, S. Clayton, C. Cude-Woods, S. Currie, E. B. Dees, X. Ding, B. W. Filippone, A. García, P. Geltenbort, S. Hasan, K. P. Hickerson, J. Hoagland, R. Hong, G. E. Hogan, A. T. Holley, T. M. Ito, A. Knecht, C. -Y. Liu, J. Liu, M. Makela, R. Mammei, J. W. Martin, D. Melconian, Sandhya Nepal, Bradley R. Plaster

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

It has been proposed recently that a previously unobserved neutron decay branch to a dark matter particle (χ) could account for the discrepancy in the neutron lifetime observed in experiments that use two different measurement techniques. One of the possible final states discussed includes a single χ along with an e⁺e⁻ pair. We use data from the UCNA (Ultracold Neutron Asymmetry) experiment to set limits on this decay channel. Coincident electron-like events are detected with ∼4π acceptance using a pair of detectors that observe a volume of stored ultracold neutrons. The summed kinetic energy (E_e+_e−) from such ...

The Impact Of Ppb W/Z Lhc Data On Ncteq15 Parton Distribution Functions With An Emphasis On Refitting The Ncteq15 Npdf Set, Eric Godat

Physics Theses and Dissertations

As the LHC experiments increase their statistics and reduce their systematics, it is in- creasingly important to reduce the theoretical uncertainties so we can perform precision com- parisons. The parton distribution functions (PDFs) which describe the hadronic structure of protons and nuclei are the critical link between the experimental data and the proposed theoretical models; hence, a better understanding of the PDFs is essential for improved pre- dictions. Nuclear PDFs, in particular, have proven valuable in this regard, especially for flavor differentiation. I introduce ”nCTEQ+LHC,” the first PDF set fit using the nCTEQ formalism to include data from the ...

Review Of Solid Polarized Targets, Leiqaa Kurbany

Student Research Projects

In the following pages I review polarized solid-state target briefly. What I discovered through my reading and writing about this technology, that is amazing tool to study the nucleon structure. I started with what is polarized solid-state target, went through Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) to understanding how it works, then its setup, in what experiments they used polarized solid-state target and some results of these experiments and finally I wrote a brief definition to many of terms, they are important to know to understand what is polarized solid state target.

Measurement Of The Beam Asymmetry Σ And The Target Asymmetry T In The Photoproduction Of Ω Mesons Off The Proton Using Clas At Jefferson Laboratory, P. Roy, Z. Akbar, S. Park, V. Crede, A. V. Anisovich, I. Denisenko, E. Klempt, V. A. Nikonov, A. V. Sarantsev, K. P. Adhikari, S. Adhikari, S. Anefalos Pereira, J. Ball, I. Balossino, M. Bashkanov, M. Battaglieri, V. Batourine, I. Bedlinskiy, A. S. Biselli, S. Boiarinov, W. J. Briscoe, J. Brock, W. K. Brooks, V. D. Burkert, C. Carlin, D. S. Carman, A. Celentano, G. Charles, T. Chetry, G. Ciullo, Wesley P. Gohn

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

The photoproduction of ω mesons off the proton has been studied in the reaction γp → pω using the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) and the frozen-spin target in Hall B at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. For the first time, the target asymmetry T has been measured in photoproduction from the decay ω → π⁺π⁻π⁰, using a transversely polarized target with energies ranging from just above the reaction threshold up to 2.8 GeV. Significant nonzero values are observed for these asymmetries, reaching about 30–40% in the third-resonance region. New measurements for the photon-beam asymmetry Σ ...

Spectral Analysis Of Lattice Qcd Two-Point Correlation Functions, Elena Amparo

Undergraduate Honors Theses

We extracted a discrete energy spectrum corresponding to scattering of two pions in a finite volume in Quantum Chromodynamics by analyzing matrices of two-point correlation functions computed within lattice QCD. We solved the generalized eigenvalue problem $C(t)v=\lambda C(t_0)v$, where the eigenvectors correspond to the optimal linear combination of basis operators to interpolate each state in the spectrum and the time dependence of the eigenvalues is controlled by the state energy. In order to solve the generalized eigenvalue problem, we used the properties of positive definite matrices to decompose $C(t_0)$ into its eigensystem and rewrite ...

Hard Exclusive Pion Electroproduction At Backward Angles With Clas, K. Park, M. Guidal, R. W. Gothe, B. Pire, G. Charles, C. E. Hyde, S E. Kuhn, J. Poudel, Y. Prok

Physics Faculty Publications

We report on the first measurement of cross sections for exclusive deeply virtual pion electroproduction off the proton, ep → e'nπ⁺, above the resonance region at backward pion center-of-mass angles. The ϕ∗ π-dependent cross sections were measured, from which we extracted three combinations of structure functions of the proton. Our results are compatible with calculations based on nucleon-to-pion transition distribution amplitudes (TDAs). These non-perturbative objects are defined as matrix elements of threequark-light-cone-operators and characterize partonic correlations with a particular emphasis on baryon charge distribution inside a nucleon.

Developing Kenya’S Educational Capacity In Nuclear Security Through Nuclear Forensics Research, Hudson Kalambuka Angeyo

International Journal of Nuclear Security

Nuclear energy’s distinctive characteristics give rise to special educational requirements. These requirements are necessary to not only address the danger of nuclear proliferation, but also to build capacity for a secure nuclear fuel circle. In this paper, I assess the status of educational capacity in nuclear security both in response to, and in support of, Kenya’s nuclear power program. I highlight the nuclear security educational infrastructure’s key features in the context of nuclear power, noting the low capacity at Kenyan universities. I identify the steps required to ensure that the country’s dynamic nuclear regulatory infrastructural framework ...