# Mathematics Commons™

## All Articles in Mathematics

18,335 full-text articles. Page 1 of 550.

2020 CUNY New York City College of Technology

#### An Enticing Study Of Prime Numbers Of The Shape 𝑝 = 𝑥^2 + 𝑦^2, Xiaona Zhou

##### Publications and Research

We will study and prove important results on primes of the shape 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 using number theoretic techniques. Our analysis involves maps, actions over sets, fixed points and involutions. This presentation is readily accessible to an advanced undergraduate student and lay the groundwork for future studies.

Get The News Out Loudly And Quickly: Modeling The Influence Of The Media On Limiting Infectious Disease, 2020 Marshall University

#### Get The News Out Loudly And Quickly: Modeling The Influence Of The Media On Limiting Infectious Disease, Anna Mummert, Howard Weiss

##### Mathematics Faculty Research

During outbreaks of infectious diseases with high morbidity and mortality, individuals closely follow media reports of the outbreak. Many will attempt to minimize contacts with other individuals in order to protect themselves from infection and possibly death. This process is called social distancing. Social distancing strategies include restricting socializing and travel, and using barrier protections. We use modeling to show that for short-term outbreaks, social distancing can have a large influence on reducing outbreak morbidity and mortality. In particular, public health agencies working together with the media can significantly reduce the severity of an outbreak by providing timely accounts of ...

2020 Utah State University

#### Some Examples Of The Liouville Integrability Of The Banded Toda Flows, Zachary Youmans

##### All Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The Toda lattice is a famous integrable system studied by Toda in the 1960s. One can study the Toda lattice using a matrix representation of the system. Previous results have shown that this matrix of dimension n with 1 band and n−1 bands is Liouville integrable. In this paper, we lay the foundation for proving the general case of the Toda lattice, where we consider the matrix representation with dimension n and a partially filled lower triangular part. We call this the banded Toda flow. The main theorem is that the banded Toda flow up to dimension 10 is ...

"A Comparison Of Variable Selection Methods Using Bootstrap Samples From Environmental Metal Mixture Data", 2020 University Of New Mexico

#### "A Comparison Of Variable Selection Methods Using Bootstrap Samples From Environmental Metal Mixture Data", Paul-Yvann Djamen 4785403, Paul-Yvann Djamen

##### Mathematics & Statistics ETDs

In this thesis, I studied a newly developed variable selection method SODA, and three customarily used variable selection methods: LASSO, Elastic net, and Random forest for environmental mixture data. The motivating datasets have neuro-developmental status as responses and metal measurements and demographic variables as covariates. The challenges for variable selections include (1) many measured metal concentrations are highly correlated, (2) there are many possible ways of modeling interactions among the metals, (3) the relationships between the outcomes and explanatory variables are possibly nonlinear, (4) the signal to noise ratio in the real data may be low. To compare these methods ...

2020 Delft University of Technology

#### The Burning Number Of Directed Graphs: Bounds And Computational Complexity, Remie Janssen

##### Theory and Applications of Graphs

The burning number of a graph was recently introduced by Bonato et al. Although they mention that the burning number generalizes naturally to directed graphs, no further research on this has been done. Here, we introduce graph burning for directed graphs, and we study bounds for the corresponding burning number and the hardness of finding this number. We derive sharp bounds from simple algorithms and examples. The hardness question yields more surprising results: finding the burning number of a directed tree with one indegree-0 node is NP-hard, but FPT; however, it is W[2]-complete for DAGs. Finally, we give ...

Convexity And Curvature In Hierarchically Hyperbolic Spaces, 2020 The Graduate Center, City University of New York

#### Convexity And Curvature In Hierarchically Hyperbolic Spaces, Jacob Russell-Madonia

##### All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Introduced by Behrstock, Hagen, and Sisto, hierarchically hyperbolic spaces axiomatized Masur and Minsky's powerful hierarchy machinery for the mapping class groups. The class of hierarchically hyperbolic spaces encompasses a number of important and seemingly distinct examples in geometric group theory including the mapping class group and Teichmueller space of a surface, virtually compact special groups, and the fundamental groups of 3-manifolds without Nil or Sol components. This generalization allows the geometry of all of these important examples to be studied simultaneously as well as providing a bridge for techniques from one area to be applied to another.

This thesis ...

Model Theory Of Groups And Monoids, 2020 The Graduate Center, City University of New York

#### Model Theory Of Groups And Monoids, Laura M. Lopez Cruz

##### All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

We first show that arithmetic is bi-interpretable (with parameters) with the free monoid and with partially commutative monoids with trivial center. This bi-interpretability implies that these monoids have the QFA property and that finitely generated submonoids of these monoids are definable. Moreover, we show that any recursively enumerable language in a finite alphabet X with two or more generators is definable in the free monoid. We also show that for metabelian Baumslag-Solitar groups and for a family of metabelian restricted wreath products, the Diophantine Problem is decidable. That is, we provide an algorithm that decides whether or not a given ...

Translation Distance And Fibered 3-Manifolds, 2020 The Graduate Center, City University of New York

#### Translation Distance And Fibered 3-Manifolds, Alexander J. Stas

##### All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

A 3-manifold is said to be fibered if it is homeomorphic to a surface bundle over the circle. For a cusped, hyperbolic, fibered 3-manifold M, we study an invariant of the mapping class of a surface homeomorphism called the translation distance in the arc complex and its relation with essential surfaces in M. We prove that the translation distance of the monodromy of M can be bounded above by the Euler characteristic of an essential surface. For one-cusped, hyperbolic, fibered 3-manifolds, the monodromy can also be bounded above by a linear function of the genus of an essential surface.

We ...

2020 The Graduate Center, City University of New York

#### Symmetric Rigidity For Circle Endomorphisms With Bounded Geometry And Their Dual Maps, John Adamski

##### All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Let $f$ be a circle endomorphism of degree $d\geq2$ that generates a sequence of Markov partitions that either has bounded nearby geometry and bounded geometry, or else just has bounded geometry, with respect to normalized Lebesgue measure. We define the dual symbolic space $\S^*$ and the dual circle endomorphism $f^*=\tilde{h}\circ f\circ{h}^{-1}$, which is topologically conjugate to $f$. We describe some properties of the topological conjugacy $\tilde{h}$. We also describe an algorithm for generating arbitrary circle endomorphisms $f$ with bounded geometry that preserve Lebesgue measure and their corresponding dual circle endomorphisms $f^*$ as ...

2020 The Graduate Center, City University of New York

#### Averages And Nonvanishing Of Central Values Of Triple Product L-Functions Via The Relative Trace Formula, Bin Guan

##### All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Harris and Kudla (2004) proved a conjecture of Jacquet, that the central value of a triple product L-function does not vanish if and only if there exists a quaternion algebra over which a period integral of three corresponding automorphic forms does not vanish. Moreover, Gross and Kudla (1992) established an explicit identity relating central L-values and period integrals (which are finite sums in their case), when the cusp forms are of prime levels and weight 2. Böcherer, Schulze-Pillot (1996) and Watson (2002) generalized this identity to more general levels and weights, and Ichino (2008) proved an adelic period formula which ...

At The Interface Of Algebra And Statistics, 2020 The Graduate Center, City University of New York

#### At The Interface Of Algebra And Statistics, Tai-Danae Bradley

##### All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This thesis takes inspiration from quantum physics to investigate mathematical structure that lies at the interface of algebra and statistics. The starting point is a passage from classical probability theory to quantum probability theory. The quantum version of a probability distribution is a density operator, the quantum version of marginalizing is an operation called the partial trace, and the quantum version of a marginal probability distribution is a reduced density operator. Every joint probability distribution on a finite set can be modeled as a rank one density operator. By applying the partial trace, we obtain reduced density operators whose diagonals ...

Quadratic Packing Polynomials On Sectors Of R2, 2020 The Graduate Center, City University of New York

#### Quadratic Packing Polynomials On Sectors Of R2, Kaare S. Gjaldbaek

##### All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

A result by Fueter-Pólya states that the only quadratic polynomials that bijectively map the integral lattice points of the first quadrant onto the non-negative integers are the two Cantor polynomials. We study the more general case of bijective mappings of quadratic polynomials from the lattice points of sectors defined as the convex hull of two rays emanating from the origin, one of which falls along the x-axis, the other being defined by some vector. The sector is considered rational or irrational according to whether this vector can be written with rational coordinates or not. We show that the existence of ...

Dna Complexes Of One Bond-Edge Type, 2020 California State University - San Bernardino

#### Dna Complexes Of One Bond-Edge Type, Andrew Tyler Lavengood-Ryan

##### Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

DNA self-assembly is an important tool used in the building of nanostructures and targeted virotherapies. We use tools from graph theory and number theory to encode the biological process of DNA self-assembly. The principal component of this process is to examine collections of branched junction molecules, called pots, and study the types of structures that such pots can realize. In this thesis, we restrict our attention to pots which contain identical cohesive-ends, or a single bond-edge type, and we demonstrate the types and sizes of structures that can be built based on a single characteristic of the pot that is ...

Radio Graceful Labelling Of Graphs, 2020 Balurghat College

#### Radio Graceful Labelling Of Graphs, Laxman Saha, Alamgir Rahaman Basunia

##### Theory and Applications of Graphs

Radio labelling problem of graphs have their roots in communication problem known as \emph{Channel Assignment Problem}. For a simple connected graph $G=(V(G), E(G))$, a radio labeling is a mapping $f \colon V(G)\rightarrow \{0,1,2,\ldots\}$ such that $|f(u)-f(v)|\geq {\rm diam}(G)+1-d(u,v)$ for each pair of distinct vertices $u,v\in V(G)$, where $\rm{diam}(G)$ is the diameter of $G$ and $d(u,v)$ is the distance between $u$ and $v$. A radio labeling $f$ of a graph $G$ is a \emph{radio graceful labeling ...

#### "Fireworks And Quadratic Functions”, Kelly W. Remijan

##### Teacher Resources

No abstract provided.

"Sheet Metal And Polynomials At Work”, 2020 Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy

#### "Sheet Metal And Polynomials At Work”, Kelly W. Remijan

##### Teacher Resources

No abstract provided.

"Dancing Fountains”, 2020 Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy

#### "Dancing Fountains”, Kelly W. Remijan

##### Teacher Resources

No abstract provided.

"American Football: Field Goals And Quadratic Functions”, 2020 Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy

#### "American Football: Field Goals And Quadratic Functions”, Kelly W. Remijan

##### Teacher Resources

No abstract provided.

“Product Development: Model Rockets As Toys”, 2020 Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy

#### “Product Development: Model Rockets As Toys”, Kelly W. Remijan

##### Teacher Resources

No abstract provided.

"Crash Reconstruction: Stopping Distance”, 2020 Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy

#### "Crash Reconstruction: Stopping Distance”, Kelly W. Remijan

##### Teacher Resources

No abstract provided.