On Weak Solutions And The Navier-Stokes Equations, 2024 University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
On Weak Solutions And The Navier-Stokes Equations, Aryan Prabhudesai
Mathematical Sciences Undergraduate Honors Theses
In this paper, I will discuss a partial differential equation that has solutions that are discontinuous. This example motivates the need for distribution theory, which will provide an interpretation of what it means for a discontinuous function to be a “solution” to a PDE. Then I will give a detailed foundation of distributions, including the definition of the derivative of a distribution. Then I will introduce and give background on the Navier-Stokes equations. Following that, I will explain the Millennium Problem concerning global regularity for the Navier-Stokes equations and share mathematical results regarding weak solutions. Finally, I will go over …
Differential Elliptic Flow Analysis Of Hadrons With Different Wuark Content In Simulated Pp Collisions, 2024 American University in Cairo
Differential Elliptic Flow Analysis Of Hadrons With Different Wuark Content In Simulated Pp Collisions, Elhussein Osama
Theses and Dissertations
According to current physics theories, it is assumed that in the first microsecond after the big bang, the universe was in a state of matter called Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), where the fundamental consistent of matters (quarks and leptons), were highly energetic, and floating around freely. Searching for such phase of matter; as the possible earliest signatures after the big bang, and among many other interesting experimental measurements, the jet quenching and elliptic flow are the most important ones, in the heavy ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiments.
The azimuthal anisotropy …
Quantics Tensor Trains: The Study Of A Continuous Lattice Model And Beyond, 2024 The Graduate Center, City University of New York
Quantics Tensor Trains: The Study Of A Continuous Lattice Model And Beyond, Aleix Bou Comas
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
This four-chapter dissertation studies the efficient discretization of continuous variable functions with tensor train representation. The first chapter describes all the methodology used to discretize functions and store them efficiently. In this section, the algorithm tensor renormalization group is explained for self-containment purposes. The second chapter centers around the XY model. Quantics tensor trains are used to describe the transfer matrix of the model and compute one and two-dimensional quantities. The one dimensional magnitudes are compared to analytical results with an agreement close to machine precision. As for two dimensions, the analytical results cannot be computed. However, the critical temperature …
Aspects Of Parity Breaking In Classical And Quantum Fluids, 2024 The Graduate Center, City University of New York
Aspects Of Parity Breaking In Classical And Quantum Fluids, Dylan J. Reynolds
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Parity-breaking is ubiquitous across many scales of physics, from the rotation of galaxies at the largest of scales, to the cyclotron orbits of electrons at the microscopic scale. In describing the collective dynamics of many particle systems, parity breaking effects typically originate from some form of chirality, such as angular momentum, at the level of the constituent particles. External forces can also induce chiral motion, with the primary examples being the Lorentz and Coriolis forces.
The effects of parity breaking are perhaps most strikingly seen in active matter, systems of complex particles that tend to convert energy into some directed …
Positron Emission Tomography In Oncology And Environmental Science, 2024 The Graduate Center, City University of New York
Positron Emission Tomography In Oncology And Environmental Science, Samantha Delaney
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The last half century has played witness to the onset of molecular imaging for the clinical assessment of physiological targets. While several medical imaging modalities allow for the visualization of the functional and anatomical properties of humans and living systems, few offer accurate quantitation and the ability to detect biochemical processes with low-administered drug mass doses. This limits how physicians and scientists may diagnose and treat medical issues, such as cancer, disease, and foreign agents.
A promising alternative to extant invasive procedures and suboptimal imaging modalities to assess the nature of a biological environment is the use of positron emission …
Modeling And Dynamics Of Capillary Bridges, 2024 The Graduate Center, City University of New York
Modeling And Dynamics Of Capillary Bridges, Moyosore Odunsi
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Capillary bridges are ubiquitous in nature and have important implications in processes like inkjet printing. They are an important area of study not only because of their industrial applications but because many of the questions in capillary bridge research are applicable to other systems. For example, they exhibit pinning and unpinning patterns that are similar to those in sliding droplets. The rules underlying this pinning are essential to predicting liquid shapes and understanding how contact lines move across surfaces. Many previous studies have focused on axisymmetric capillary bridges and neglected to model the tangential forces that arise due to asymmetry. …
Effects Of Ti Addition On The Characteristics Of Al-10zn-6mg-2si/Zro2 Composites Produced By Squeeze Casting, 2024 Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, 16424, Indonesia
Effects Of Ti Addition On The Characteristics Of Al-10zn-6mg-2si/Zro2 Composites Produced By Squeeze Casting, Qesha Diva Prameshvara, Pipin Indah Lestari, Bondan Tiara Sofyan
Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings
Metal matrix composite (MMC) with 7xxx aluminum matrix is potential for ballistic applications due to the combination of strength, toughness, and light weight. Previous study successfully produced aluminum-based composites with SiC particles which were able to stop type III bullet, however cracks remained on back of the plate. Therefore, in this research, SiC was replaced by zirconia (ZrO2) due to its high fracture toughness. Ti-B grain refiner was added to further improve toughness through grain boundary strengthening mechanism. This research developed 5 vol.% ZrO2 strengthened Al-10Zn-6Mg-2Si composite with addition of Al-5Ti-1B grain refiner produced through squeeze casting …
Integration Of The Ashby Technique And Pahl-Beitz Quantitative Ranking For Railway Axle Material Selection, 2024 Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 16424, Indonesia
Integration Of The Ashby Technique And Pahl-Beitz Quantitative Ranking For Railway Axle Material Selection, Helya Chafshoh Nafisah, Jaka Fajar Fatriansyah, Siti Norasmah Surip
Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings
Railway axle serves as a vital connection between the train's wheels and its body. However, cyclic loading and high speed can induce fatigue in railway axle, which potentially leads to damage human safety. Therefore, it is important to find materials that have good mechanical properties with the lowest weight and cost. In this paper, a comprehensive method using Ashby chart has been performed to select candidate materials of railway axle. The methods begin with analyzing function by determining the problem, objective function, and constraints. After that, the results obtained are ranked using Pahl and Beitz quantitative weighting method. The results …
Analysis Of The Effect Of Different Surface Preparation Methods On Corrosion Resistance And Adhesion Strength Of Astm A36 Steel Substrate With Surface Tolerant Epoxy Paint As Coating Material, 2024 Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, 16424, Indonesia
Analysis Of The Effect Of Different Surface Preparation Methods On Corrosion Resistance And Adhesion Strength Of Astm A36 Steel Substrate With Surface Tolerant Epoxy Paint As Coating Material, Irwan Wijaya Santoso, Daffa Aqila, Rini Riastuti, Rizal Tresna Ramadhani
Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings
In the industrial world, to extend the service life of materials, protection methods are carried out to slow down the material's corrosion rate. The protection method that is often used is the coating method. The coating method is a protection method by coating the substrate material using a coating material to prevent contact between the substrate material and the environment. In this research, the substrate material used is ASTM A36 steel and the coating material used is Surface Tolerant Epoxy paint. The independent variable used in this study lies in the surface preparation method which consists of: solvent cleaning, hand …
Removal Of Phenol From Oilfield Produced Water Using Non-Conventional Adsorbent Medium By An Eco-Friendly Approach, 2024 Department of Petroleum Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq
Removal Of Phenol From Oilfield Produced Water Using Non-Conventional Adsorbent Medium By An Eco-Friendly Approach, Salem Jawad Alhamd, Mohammed Nsaif Abbas, Hassan Jameel Jawad Al-Fatlawy, Thekra Atta Ibrahim, Zaid Nsaif Abbas
Karbala International Journal of Modern Science
Petroleum extraction generates substantial quantities of produced water, a challenge compounded by water scarcity in oil-producing regions, notably the Middle East. Leveraging produced water effectively, adhering to environmental standards, can offer a viable solution to the issue of water scarcity. This study explores the potential of mandarin peels as an available, cost-effective adsorbent for treating synthetic aqueous solution simulated to oil-field produced water, specifically targeting phenol, a dangerous pollutant. Employing a batch-mode adsorption unit, six operational factors—phenol concentration, acidity, agitation speed, contact time, adsorbent dose, and temperature—were investigated. Results revealed an inverse relationship between phenol removal and pH, concentration, and …
Supercontinuum Generation With A Ti: Sapphire Laser And Photonic Crystal Fiber, 2024 College of Saint Benedict/Saint John's University
Supercontinuum Generation With A Ti: Sapphire Laser And Photonic Crystal Fiber, Joseph Lange
Celebrating Scholarship and Creativity Day (2018-)
A broad spectrum of visible light was produced by focusing the 50-fs, 800-nm, 5-nJ pulses from an unamplified Ti:sapphire laser into a 20-cm-long photonic crystal fiber. A prism pair was used to compensate for material dispersion of the system. Different focusing methods were investigated including beam telescopes and lenses of various focal lengths. A 3X beam expander telescope near the laser output and a 3-cm focal length achromatic lens after the prism pair were found to work best for coupling the light into the fiber which has a core diameter of 1.7 μm.
Motion History Images: A New Method For Tracking Microswimmers In 3d, 2024 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States
Motion History Images: A New Method For Tracking Microswimmers In 3d, Max Riekeles, Hadi Albalkhi, Megan Marie Dubay, Jay Nadeau, Christian A. Lindensmith
Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations
Quantitative tracking of rapidly moving micron-scale objects remains an elusive challenge in microscopy due to low signal-to-noise. This paper describes a novel method for tracking micron-sized motile organisms in off-axis Digital Holographic Microscope (DHM) raw holograms and/or reconstructions. We begin by processing the microscopic images with the previously reported Holographic Examination for Life-like Motility (HELM) software, which provides a variety of tracking outputs including motion history images (MHIs). MHIs are stills of videos where the frame-to-frame changes are indicated with color time-coding. This exposes tracks of objects that are difficult to identify in individual frames at a low signal-to-noise ratio. …
Reed Research Reactor Neutron Beam Characterization And Analysis, 2024 Reed College
Reed Research Reactor Neutron Beam Characterization And Analysis, Vee Bartko, Jerry Newhouse
Student Research Symposium
Using neutron activation analysis of 99% pure gold foils, the authors characterize the neutron dose and shape of the neutron beam at the Reed Research Reactor (RRR). The experimental procedure followed extensive modeling in Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) and Tool for Particle Simulation (TOPAS) simulations, in which the beam was projected to be roughly collimated. The shape, defined in terms of neutron flux, was measured by placing the foils directly on top of the neutron beam cap at powers of 1, 5, and 10 kilowatts. The flux was then converted to neutron dose via the Nuclear Regulatory Commission's neutron fluence …
Development Of A Two-Photon Laser Scanning Microscope, 2024 Portland State University
Development Of A Two-Photon Laser Scanning Microscope, Jess Hollenbaugh
Student Research Symposium
The objective of this project was to convert a Sarastro 2000 confocal laser scanning microscope into a system capable of imaging using two-photon excitation (TPE) fluorescence for the use of the PSU biology department. TPE microscopy operates on the ability of fluorophores to accept two photons each with half the energy of a desired transition in a single quantum event via a virtual energy state and then emit a higher energy photon upon relaxation. This is preferable to single-photon excitation (SPE) due to the lower energy photons causing less damage to delicate biological samples. The adaptation process included physically altering …
Going Down An Incline With Chatgpt, 2024 Portland State University
Going Down An Incline With Chatgpt, Corey R. Sissons
Student Research Symposium
In our Large Language Model (LLM) research, examining ChatGPT 4, we devised a physics problem involving an object descending an inclined plane. Through variations in terminology such as "rolling," "sliding," "solid sphere," "hollow sphere," "wooden ramp," "no-slip ramp," and more, we sought to evaluate LLM responses for different scenarios. Our analysis aimed to discern whether the LLM’s answers exhibited expertise in the field of physics. This experiment sheds light on LLM’s ability to give accurate and precise physics answers as well as variation in responses to nuanced changes in problem formulation. This provides valuable insights into its proficiency and potential …
Development Of A Fast-Neutron Source Localization System, 2024 Portland State University
Development Of A Fast-Neutron Source Localization System, Abdulsalam F. Al Mutairi
Student Research Symposium
Power generation by nuclear fusion is a continuing ambition that has been the focus of nuclear fusion research for nearly a hundred years. However, small-scale fusion reactors have further propulsion and neutron imaging applications that don’t require greater than breakeven efficiencies that a fusion energy source needs. Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) fusion devices have the potential for miniaturization, making them a strong candidate for such applications. Yet the contributions of different interactions within an IEC fusion device are still not fully understood. Imaging an IEC device and investigating each interaction's Neutron Production Rate (NPR) can enhance design efficiency. Neutron imaging …
Creating An Interdisciplinary Learning Community Between Two Cross-Departmental Courses, 2024 Teaching Center Faculty
Creating An Interdisciplinary Learning Community Between Two Cross-Departmental Courses, Krista Mcbride, Maggie Monteverde
Faculty Scholarship Symposium
An Interdisciplinary Learning Community (ILC) consisting of two cross-departmental general education courses has been created. Advantages to linking these courses will be presented. Further, the assignments and course material used to make this learning community successful will be presented. Challenges to developing and evaluating shared assignments for such linked classes will also be discussed. Finally, student feedback will be shown from students enrolled in these courses, which illustrate the positive effects blending these two classes had on the student’s learning experience. As an example, an ILC between a general physics course and a literature course will be introduced.
Comparison Of The Fluorescence Of Bulk Cadmium Sulfide And Cadmium Sulfide Nanoparticles, 2024 College of Saint Benedict/Saint John's University
Comparison Of The Fluorescence Of Bulk Cadmium Sulfide And Cadmium Sulfide Nanoparticles, Jacob Goranson
Celebrating Scholarship and Creativity Day (2018-)
The fluorescence of bulk cadmium sulfide and cadmium sulfide nanoparticles were compared. This was done using an 800-nm, unamplified Ti:sapphire laser producing 50-fs pulses. The pulses were frequency doubled using a beta barium borate (BBO) crystal. The 400-nm beam was used to induce fluorescence in the nanoparticles, while the original 800-nm beam was used to induce fluorescence in the bulk CdS by two-photon absorption. The bulk CdS showed a single fluorescent peak at 523 nm. The nanoparticles showed fluorescence at various wavelengths across the visible spectrum. In general, the nanoparticles showed a broad fluorescent spectrum between 500 nm and 750 …
Signal Processing Algorithms For Doppler Lidar Sensors, 2024 Ursinus College
Signal Processing Algorithms For Doppler Lidar Sensors, Samantha Grubb
Physics and Astronomy Honors Papers
Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is a remote sensing technology that obtains relative distance and velocity measurements between a sensor and a defined target by using light transmitted and received from the target. FMCW Doppler LiDAR, a particular variant of LiDAR, functions by analyzing the frequency shift in the reflected light to determine the target's range and velocity. This technology plays a crucial role across various sectors including defense, aerospace, and automotive. This paper presents signal processing algorithms designed to optimize data obtained from Doppler LiDAR sensors. By applying various window functions to time domain data, the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) …
Analyzing Atmospheric Gravity Waves Over Antarctica And Visualizing Machine Learning Data, 2024 Utah State University
Analyzing Atmospheric Gravity Waves Over Antarctica And Visualizing Machine Learning Data, Anastasia N. Brown
Physics Capstone Projects
In an effort to streamline the identification of "clean" windows of airglow images in all sky imager data for the ANGWIN experiment, we have developed a Light Gradient Boosted Machine (LightGBM) learning algorithm that sorts "clean" (marked as 0) wave images from "obscured" (marked as 1) images. These "clean" windows are then processed and undergo FFT-spectrum analysis. We have already successfully created LightGBM models that accurately sort through images taken at the Davis, McMurdo, and Halley research stations in Antarctica. Imager data from the Davis and McMurdo station has been fully processed from the years 2012 to 2022 with clean …