The Effect Of Motive And Coworker Liking On The Intention To Perform Organizational Citizenship Behavior,
2013
Western Kentucky University
The Effect Of Motive And Coworker Liking On The Intention To Perform Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Caley M. Foster
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) is defined as employee behavior that benefits others yet is not required by the employee’s job description. OCB can be divided into two categories: behavior that is either directed toward individuals (OCBI) or behavior that is directed toward the organization (OCBO). Researchers have posited that there are three different motives behind OCB: impression management, prosocial values, and organizational concern. Additionally, researchers have recognized the importance of coworker relationships within organizations and have suggested that the degree to which one likes his or her coworkers may serve as an additional source of motivation to engage in different …
The Effect Of Value Congruence On Work Related Attitudes And Behaviors,
2013
University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
The Effect Of Value Congruence On Work Related Attitudes And Behaviors, Wing Man Leung
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Research has demonstrated that value congruence has the potential to influence work-related outcomes such as turnover intention (Amos & Weathington, 2008). However, few studies have evaluated the variables that may mediate the relationship between value congruence and work outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effects of job satisfaction and organizational commitment on the relationship between work value congruence and employee behaviors. An advertisement was placed on social networking websites to invite individuals to complete the questionnaire. The results revealed that job satisfaction and normative commitment mediated the relationship between work value congruence and turnover intention. …
Using Normative Messages And Incentives To Improve Organizational Performance,
2013
Western Michigan University
Using Normative Messages And Incentives To Improve Organizational Performance, Anna L. Conard
Masters Theses
While social norms have been a popular area of study among social psychologists, they have yet to receive much consideration from an Organizational Behavior Management (OBM) standpoint. Much of OBM research has focused on consequences and the utilization of incentives to improve organizational performance. Such research has shown incentive systems to have sustaining, long-term effects on behaviors. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the impact of normative messages and lottery incentives on organizational performance. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions: a) Standard Message with Lottery Incentive, b) Standard Message without Lottery Incentive, c) …
Observing Culture: Differences In U.S.-American And German Team Meeting Behaviors,
2013
VU University Amsterdam
Observing Culture: Differences In U.S.-American And German Team Meeting Behaviors, Nale Lehmann-Willenbrock, Joseph A. Allen, Annika L. Meinecke
Psychology Faculty Publications
Although previous research has theorized about team interaction differences between the German and U.S. cultures, actual behavioral observations of such differences are sparse. This study explores team meetings as a context for examining intercultural differences. We analyzed a total of 5,188 meeting behaviors in German and U.S. student teams. All teams discussed the same task to consensus. Results from behavioral process analyses showed that German teams focused significantly more on problem analysis, whereas U.S. teams focused more on solution production. Moreover, U.S. teams showed significantly more positive socioemotional meeting behavior than German teams. Finally, German teams showed significantly more counteractive …
The Predictors Of Calling And The Role Of Career Satisfaction In Working Adults,
2013
University of Southern Mississippi
The Predictors Of Calling And The Role Of Career Satisfaction In Working Adults, Kari Ann Leavell
Dissertations
A significant amount of time in adult life is spent working. Individuals enter into their world of work by many circumstances, including feeling called to a given career or viewing their work as a calling. The psychological construct of calling has been shown to have considerable implications for career-related outcomes, including career satisfaction. Further, satisfaction with work has demonstrated a considerable impact on more global areas such as satisfaction with and quality of life, meaning in life, and religiousness. Increased understanding of the construct of calling and its contribution to career development and career-related outcomes can clarify how individuals’ experiences …
Enhanced Simulation Of Partial Gravity For Extravehicular Activity,
2013
NASA Johnson Space Center
Enhanced Simulation Of Partial Gravity For Extravehicular Activity, Steven P. Chappell, David M. Klaus
Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments
Prior studies of human locomotion under simulated partial gravity have hypothesized that energy expenditure is increased in lunar gravity, as compared to that of Mars. This may be due to subjects having to expend excess energy for stability and posture control in the lower gravitational field. The physiological cause of this suspected ‘‘wasted energy’’ during locomotion in low gravity remains to be determined. This paper outlines factors to be considered for these analyses and enhancements to the simulation method that will enable assessment of inertial stability and associated metabolic cost. A novel simulation technique is proposed for assessing the effects …
The Effects Of Leader Behavior On Follower Ethical Behavior: Examining The Mediating Roles Of Ethical Efficacy And Moral Disengagement,
2013
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
The Effects Of Leader Behavior On Follower Ethical Behavior: Examining The Mediating Roles Of Ethical Efficacy And Moral Disengagement, Noel Palmer
College of Business: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Recent ethical scandals in organizations are often cited when pointing to leaders as the culprits who foster corruption in their organization; however, little empirical work examines the individual processes through which leaders may influence follower ethical decision-making and behavior. Drawing from principles of social cognitive theory and self-efficacy theory (Bandura, 1986, 1997), moral self-regulatory capacities are presented as a means by which leaders may influence followers. Specifically, I hypothesize that leader influence on follower (un)ethical behavior is mediated through follower ethical efficacy beliefs and moral disengagement processes. I also suggest that ethical efficacy interacts with ethical leadership to influence behavior. …
Advancing Our Understanding Of Team Motivation: Integrating Conceptual Approaches And Content Areas,
2013
Singapore Management University
Advancing Our Understanding Of Team Motivation: Integrating Conceptual Approaches And Content Areas, Guihyun Grace Park, Matthias Spitzmuller, Richard P. Deshon
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Although research on team motivation has been one of the fastest growing research domains in organizational science, progress in this domain has been hampered by a lack of integrative reviews. Thus, we develop a theoretical framework in this article to summarize and discuss different conceptual approaches to team motivation for the following six content areas: team design, team needs, team goals, team self-regulation, team efficacy, and team affect. Our framework organizes previous research according to two dimensions. First, we assess the degree of interdependence between team members’ motivational states, differentiating between models that conceptualize team motivation as functionally equivalent to …
Relationships Of Work-Family Conflict With Safety, Performance, Occupational Injuries, And Pain Among Construction Workers,
2013
Old Dominion University
Relationships Of Work-Family Conflict With Safety, Performance, Occupational Injuries, And Pain Among Construction Workers, Lori A. Gelinas
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
Construction industry is one of the most dangerous work environments and lapses in safe work practices can be hazardous, and jeopardize the safety and well-being of workers. The purpose ot this study was to integrate the work-family conflict (WFC) and occupational safety literatures by investigating the effects of WFC on safety performance, and occupational injuries and pain among construction workers. As a stressor, WFC reflects the conflict individuals experience when trying to juggle the demands of their family and work roles, which arises when demands in one domain (e.g., work) interfere with performance in the other domain (e.g., family) and …
The Impact Of Trainee Characteristics On Transfer Of Training Over Time,
2013
Old Dominion University
The Impact Of Trainee Characteristics On Transfer Of Training Over Time, Kristina N. Bauer
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
Given that organizations invest a considerable amount of time and money into the training and development function, it is imperative that trainees transfer the learned material back to the job and continue to use the knowledge/skills. Yet, most studies have not assessed the transfer process over time (i.e., maintenance). Based on the lack of empirical investigation of maintenance, the current study had two goals: (1) to identify which factors are most important for skill maintenance (2) to identify when factors are most important to skill maintenance. To these ends, a model was developed and tested that examines the trainee characteristics …
Pay Satisfaction And Work-Family Conflict Across Time,
2013
Singapore Management University
Pay Satisfaction And Work-Family Conflict Across Time, Devasheesh P. Bhave, Amit Kramer, Theresa M. Glomb
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
On the basis of justice and exchange theories, the authors propose that employees offset their levels of work–family conflict (WFC) with their levels of pay satisfaction. Results based on two waves of data indicate that pay satisfaction has a negative relationship with WFC after controlling for actual pay and other work-related and family-related variables. Analysis of pay satisfaction dimensions reveals that satisfaction with benefits and pay structure are negatively related to WFC, whereas satisfaction with pay level and pay raise are not. Number of dependents and level of education moderate the relationship between pay satisfaction and WFC; specifically, having more …
The Effects Of Sexual Orientation And Behavioral Style On Perceptions Of Men's Leadership Potential And Effectiveness,
2013
DePaul University
The Effects Of Sexual Orientation And Behavioral Style On Perceptions Of Men's Leadership Potential And Effectiveness, Kristin Elizabeth Mann
College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations
This study addressed a gap in the industrial-organizational psychology research by investigating perceptions of LGBTQ leaders in the workplace. Specifically, it investigated the theory that gay men and heterosexual women experience similar scrutiny and resulting discrimination when in leadership roles. Participants were 363 psychology students who evaluated an applicant for a managerial position. Participants scored the candidate’s leadership potential (hirability) and effectiveness based upon his resume, biography, and short video interview. The candidate’s sexual orientation (gay, heterosexual, control) and behavioral style (agentic/masculine, communal/feminine) were manipulated, for a resulting 2 x 3 research design. By integrating gender and leadership theories with …
Work Design Characteristics As Moderators Of The Relationship Between Proactive Personality And Engagement,
2013
Portland State University
Work Design Characteristics As Moderators Of The Relationship Between Proactive Personality And Engagement, Damon Thomas Drown
Dissertations and Theses
This study examines which and how trait relevant work design characteristics moderate the relationship between proactive personality and engagement. Proactive personality is defined as an individual's tendency to intentionally and directly affect change in their environment (Bateman & Crant, 1993; Crant, 2000). Previous research has been primarily focused on the positive aspects of proactive personality; to fill this gap, I used trait activation theory (Tett & Burnett, 2003) to identify which work characteristics will activate proactive personality to affect engagement and developed specific hypotheses about which work characteristics will attenuate the proactive personality engagement relationship. In the study I identified …
Personal Factors That Influence Meaning And Prioritizatin In Work-Nonwork Roles,
2013
University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
Personal Factors That Influence Meaning And Prioritizatin In Work-Nonwork Roles, Lindsay Ware Benitez
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The importance an individual places on one role over another is captured by a person’s identity salience, which can affect how work and nonwork roles are viewed and how one allocates time and resources to these roles. Within the literature there is a need to further understand what personal factors may influence the development of a person’s identity salience and ultimately contribute to the choices people make surrounding work and nonwork domains. The present study was designed to assess the impact of four higher order values that contribute to a person’s identity salience. Also examined was the potential impact of …
Competency-Based Versus Task-Based Job Descriptions: Effects On Applicant Attraction,
2013
University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
Competency-Based Versus Task-Based Job Descriptions: Effects On Applicant Attraction, Candace Leann Hawkes
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
In order for organizations to attract applicants, they need to ensure they are using attractive recruitment materials. Previous research has failed to examine the effect of varying types of job description formats on applicants’ level of attraction to an organization. This study examined applicants’ attraction to organizations based on competency-based and task-based job descriptions. A total of 258 participants were from a Southeastern university, representing three different majors. The job descriptions were individualized based on academic major. Participants read both competency and task-based job descriptions and rated their attraction to each organization. The Big Five and Love of Learning measures …
A Resource Management Perspective On Work Design,
2013
University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
A Resource Management Perspective On Work Design, Whitney Lane Huskey
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Chronic, negative, uninterrupted stress, specifically in the workplace, can lead to a variety of health issues as well as decreased job satisfaction and increased intentions to turnover within an organization. An important part of managing this negative stress is identifying the specific factors that contribute to it. The present study focuses on the negative consequences of occupational stress by identifying the work design characteristics that influence an individual’s perception of resource drain or gain and, ultimately, occupational stress. It is hypothesized that positive task characteristics, knowledge characteristics, social characteristics, and work context associated with the work environment will negatively correlate …
Academic And Mental Health Functioning In College Students With Chronic Medical Conditions,
2013
Syracuse University
Academic And Mental Health Functioning In College Students With Chronic Medical Conditions, Casey Lawless
Renée Crown University Honors Thesis Projects - All
As medical technologies continue to improve, what used to be considered terminal illnesses are now becoming chronic medical conditions. Studies have consistently shown that children and adolescents with chronic illnesses are more absent from school than their healthy peers (Fowler, Davenport, & Garg, 1992; Taras & Potts-Datema, 2005), and perform poorly in school despite having equitable intelligence levels (Sexson & Madan-Swain, 1993). However, despite thorough documentation of this phenomenon in younger children, there is a lack of research on the effects of chronic illness among college students. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of chronic illness …
Understanding Organizational Wellness: The Impact Of Perceived Organizational Support, Motivation, And Barriers On The Effectiveness Of Wellness Programs,
2013
University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
Understanding Organizational Wellness: The Impact Of Perceived Organizational Support, Motivation, And Barriers On The Effectiveness Of Wellness Programs, Aaron Owsley Manier
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Organizational wellness programs can serve as a powerful tool for organizations to improve the health and well-being of employees. As organizational wellness grows in popularity and implementation, organizations should seek to understand employee perceptions of these programs to maximize their effectiveness and use. The present study examined the effect of perceived organizational support of wellness, core self-evaluation, and motivation/interest for wellness programs on wellness program use and satisfaction. This effect was tested with barriers to use and participative wellness design as possible mediators. Motivation and interest had a strong and direct effect on program use and satisfaction, while both organizational …
Can't We All Just Get Along? The Impact Of Goal Orientation On The Coach-Athlete Relationship And Coach-Athlete Communication,
2013
University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
Can't We All Just Get Along? The Impact Of Goal Orientation On The Coach-Athlete Relationship And Coach-Athlete Communication, Meredith J. Nordbrock
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Research has demonstrated that the coach-athlete relationship is one of the key interpersonal factors that influences outcomes such as performance (Sánchez, Borrás, Leite, Battaglia, & Lorenzo, 2009), satisfaction with performance (Jowett & Don Carolis, 2003), and dropout rates (Fraser-Thomas, Côté, & Deakin, 2008). However, relatively little is known about the factors necessary to achieve and/or maintain a high-quality coach-athlete relationship. Building upon Jowett and Poczwardowski’s (2007) integrated research model, this study of 355 coach-athlete dyads explored how congruence (i.e., similarity, fit) of goal orientation (GO) impacted the quality of the coach-athlete relationship and coach-athlete communication. Specifically, it was hypothesized that …
Challenge And Hinderance Stressor Appraisals, Personal Resources, And Work Engagement Among K-12 Teachers,
2013
University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
Challenge And Hinderance Stressor Appraisals, Personal Resources, And Work Engagement Among K-12 Teachers, Isaac Benjamin Thompson
Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Stress has long been conceptualized as consisting of two factors, eustress, or good stress, and distress, or bad stress (Selye, 1956). The occupational stress literature identifies challenge stressors as those associated with favorable outcomes, and hindrance stressors as those associated with negative outcomes (Cavanaugh, Boswell, Roehling, & Boudreau, 2000). The current study had three objectives: 1) to investigate occupational level stressor appraisal by K-12 teachers, 2) to explore how the perception of the availability of resources influences individual level stressor appraisal, and 3) to test differential outcomes of challenge and hindrance stress. Results indicate that K-12 teachers appraise workload as …
