Neurosciences Commons^™

Covid 19 What You Need To Know, Dawn P. Wooley, Giancarlo Mariani, Craig Woolley, Laura M. Luehrmann

Neuroscience, Cell Biology & Physiology Faculty Publications

This is the first presentation in the new Shelter-in-Place lecture series. This first lecture is two-fold. First, it covers the basics of the COVID-19 virus including: how it spreads, possible origin, and other pertinent information. This portion of the presentation was followed by an overview of the international recruitment efforts in response to the virus, including: student perspectives, recruitment methods, and other important information.

First-In-Human Studies Of Mw01-6-189wh, A Brain-Penetrant, Antineuroinflammatory Small-Molecule Drug Candidate: Phase 1 Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetic, And Pharmacodynamic Studies In Healthy Adult Volunteers, Linda J. Van Eldik, Lumy Sawaki, Karen Bowen, Daniel T. Laskowitz, Robert J. Noveck, Byron Hauser, Lynn Jordan, Tracy G. Spears, Huali Wu, Kevin Watt, Shruti Raja, Saktimayee M. Roy, D. Martin Watterson, Jeffrey T. Guptill

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

MW01-6-189WH (MW189) is a novel central nervous system-penetrant small-molecule drug candidate that selectively attenuates stressor-induced proinflammatory cytokine overproduction and is efficacious in intracerebral hemorrhage and traumatic brain injury animal models. We report first-in-human, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 1 studies to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of single and multiple ascending intravenous doses of MW189 in healthy adult volunteers. MW189 was safe and well tolerated in single and multiple doses up to 0.25 mg/kg, with no clinically significant concerns. The most common drug-related treatment-emergent adverse event was infusion-site reactions, likely related to drug solution acidity. No clinically concerning changes …

Hybrid Electro-Plasmonic Stimulation Of Primary Neurons, Ratka Damnjanovic

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Biomedical prosthetics utilizing electrical stimulation have limited, effective spatial resolution due to spread of electrical currents to surrounding tissue, causing nonselective stimulation. So, precise spatial resolution is not possible for traditional neural prosthetic devices, such as cochlear implants. More recently, alternative methods utilize optical stimulation, mainly infrared, sometimes paired with nanotechnology for stimulating action potentials, which has its own drawbacks, as it may heat surrounding tissue. Recently, we employed plasmonic stimulation methods utilizing gold nanoparticle-coated nanoelectrodes to convert visible light pulses into localized surface plasmon resonance transduction for stimulation of electrically excitable cells, which had limited success. Here, we report …

Sensory Inflow Manipulation Induces Learning-Like Phenomena In Motor Behavior, Samuele Contemori, Cristina V. Dieni, Jacqueline A. Sullivan, Aldo Ferraresi, Chiara Occhigrossi, Francesco Calabrese, Vito E. Pettorossi, Andrea Biscarini, Roberto Panichi

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

© 2020, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. Purpose: Perceptual and goal-directed behaviors may be improved by repetitive sensory stimulations without practice-based training. Focal muscle vibration (f-MV) modulating the spatiotemporal properties of proprioceptive inflow is well-suited to investigate the effectiveness of sensory stimulation in influencing motor outcomes. Thus, in this study, we verified whether optimized f-MV stimulation patterns might affect motor control of upper limb movements. Methods: To answer this question, we vibrated the slightly tonically contracted anterior deltoid (AD), posterior deltoid (PD), and pectoralis major muscles in different combinations in forty healthy subjects at a frequency of 100 …

Changing The Game: Spine Care In The Era Of Artificial Intelligence And Deep Learning Algorithms., Karsten Wiechert, Jeffrey C Wang, Jens R Chapman

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Editorial Response To Letter To Editor And Response By Authors Regarding "Posterior Subaxial Cervical Spine Screw Fixation: A Review Of Techniques" By Joaquim Et Al., Jens R Chapman, Jeffrey C Wang, Karsten Wiechert

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Radiological Data Of Brachial Plexus Avulsion Injury Associated Spinal Cord Herniation (Bpai-Sch) And Comparison To Anterior Thoracic Spinal Cord Herniation (Atsch)., Andrew Jack, Jens R Chapman, Praveen V Mummaneni, Carter S Gerard, Line Jacques

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Spinal cord herniation (SCH) is a rare cause of myelopathy. When reported, SCH has most commonly been described as occurring spontaneously in the thoracic spine, and being idiopathic in nature (anterior thoracic spinal cord herniation, ATSCH) [1-3]. Several theories have been proposed to explain its occurrence, including congenital, inflammatory, and traumatic etiologies alike [1-4]. Even more rarely, SCH has been described to occur in the cervical spine in association with brachial plexus avulsion injuries (BPAI-SCH). In our accompanying article, "Late Cervical Spinal Cord Herniation Resulting from Post-Traumatic Brachial Plexus Avulsion Injury," two cases of BPAI-SCH are presented and discussed in …

Effect Of Dimethyl Fumarate On Lymphocyte Subsets In Patients With Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis., Guy Buckle, Daniel Bandari, Jeffrey Greenstein, Mark Gudesblatt, Bhupendra Khatri, Mariko Kita, P Repovic, Emily Riser, Bianca Weinstock-Guttman, Ben Thrower, Sherrill Loring, Katherine Riester, Nick Everage, Claudia Prada, Irene Koulinska, Monica Mann

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Background: In patients treated with dimethyl fumarate, absolute lymphocyte count decline typically occurs during the first year and then plateaus; early drops have been associated with the development of severe prolonged lymphopenia.

Objective: We investigated the effect of dimethyl fumarate on absolute lymphocyte counts and CD4+/CD8+ T cells in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis treated with dimethyl fumarate in routine practice.

Methods: Lymphocyte data were collected via medical chart abstraction. Primary endpoint: change from baseline in absolute lymphocyte count and CD4+/CD8+ counts at 6-month intervals following dimethyl fumarate initiation.

Results: Charts of 483 patients were abstracted and 476 patients included …

Sex, Stress, And Prefrontal Cortex: Influence Of Biological Sex On Stress-Promoted Cocaine Seeking, Elizabeth M. Doncheck, Gage T. Liddiard, Chaz D. Konrath, Xiaojie Liu, Laikang Yu, Luke A. Urbanik, Matthew R. Herbst, Margot C. Debaker, Nicholas J. Raddatz, Erik C. Van Newenhizen, Jacob Mathy, Marieke R. Gilmartin, Qing-Song Liu, Cecilia J. Hillard, John Mantsch

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Clinical reports suggest that females diagnosed with substance use disorder experience enhanced relapse vulnerability compared with males, particularly during stress. We previously demonstrated that a stressor (footshock) can potentiate cocaine seeking in male rats via glucocorticoid-dependent cannabinoid type-1 receptor (CB1R)-mediated actions in the prelimbic prefrontal cortex (PrL-PFC). Here, we investigated the influence of biological sex on stress-potentiated cocaine seeking. Despite comparable self-administration and extinction, females displayed a lower threshold for cocaine-primed reinstatement than males. Unlike males, footshock, tested across a range of intensities, failed to potentiate cocaine-primed reinstatement in females. However, restraint potentiated reinstatement in both sexes. While sex differences …

The Effects Of Saido Learning On The Cognition Of Patients With Dementia: A Retrospective Study, Stephanie N. Laduke

Honors Projects

SAIDO Learning is a cognitive and social intervention developed by the Kumon Institute in 2004 to slow the progress of symptoms in patients diagnosed with dementia. Today, twenty-three nursing facilities nationwide utilize SAIDO Learning. The data in this retrospective study compare the baseline Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) scores to the MMSE scores obtained six months after SAIDO Learning is implemented from patients diagnosed with dementia at Waterford Place in Jenison, Michigan. These scores are reassessed every 6 months as a standard of care. The data was deidentified by the staff of Waterford Place before given to the research team. A …

Mass Spectrometry Discovery-Based Proteomics To Examine Anti-Aging Effects Of The Nutraceutical Nt-020 In Rat Serum, Samantha M. Portis

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Aging is a complex physiological process that leads to the deterioration of all cells and tissues throughout the body. Aging is a major risk factor for the onset of many degenerative diseases in both the central nervous system (CNS) and the periphery, but even nonpathological aging (“normal” aging) is associated with chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and decreased stem cell proliferation and regenerative capacity. This decreased regenerative capacity in stem cell niches is thought to be a key component underlying the aging process and many disease states associated with aging.

While the exact biological mechanisms underlying impaired stem cell proliferation and …

Learning In The Machine: To Share Or Not To Share?, Jordan Ott, Erik Linstead, Nicholas Lahaye, Pierre Baldi

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

Weight-sharing is one of the pillars behind Convolutional Neural Networks and their successes. However, in physical neural systems such as the brain, weight-sharing is implausible. This discrepancy raises the fundamental question of whether weight-sharing is necessary. If so, to which degree of precision? If not, what are the alternatives? The goal of this study is to investigate these questions, primarily through simulations where the weight-sharing assumption is relaxed. Taking inspiration from neural circuitry, we explore the use of Free Convolutional Networks and neurons with variable connection patterns. Using Free Convolutional Networks, we show that while weight-sharing is a pragmatic optimization …

Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation-Paired Rehabilitation For Oromotor Feeding Problems In Newborns: An Open-Label Pilot Study, Bashar W. Badran, Dorothea D. Jenkins, Daniel Cook, Sean Thompson, Morgan Darcy, William H. Devries, Georgia Mappin, Philipp Summers, Marom Bikson, Mark S. George

Publications and Research

Neonates born premature or who suffer brain injury at birth often have oral feeding dysfunction and do not meet oral intake requirements needed for discharge. Low oral intake volumes result in extended stays in the hospital (>2 months) and can lead to surgical implant and explant of a gastrostomy tube (G-tube). Prior work suggests pairing vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) with motor activity accelerates functional improvements after stroke, and transcutaneous auricular VNS (taVNS) has emerged as promising noninvasive form of VNS. Pairing taVNS with bottle-feeding rehabilitation may improve oromotor coordination and lead to improved oral intake volumes, ultimately avoiding the …

Quench Assisted (Quest) Mri Used As A Novel Approach To Identify Reactive Oxygen Species As A Result Of Experimental Tbi, Ethan M. Cohen, Eric Chang, Michael C. Schneider, Abigail Teitelbaum, Alexander R. Woznicki, Rachel E. Godfrey, Robert H. Podolsky, Karen L. Childers, Robin Roberts, Bruce A. Berkowitz, Kelly E. Bosse, Alana C. Conti

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction:

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), promoting inflammatory processes and impeding TBI recovery. Within the VA population, over 70% of military personnel that sustain a TBI receive opioid-based pain relief, however, opiates may actually exacerbate post-TBI complications through its documented recruitment of oxidative and inflammatory systems. Thus, we hypothesize that TBI and opioid treatment act synergistically to worsen post-TBI oxidative stress.

Methods:

Mice were exposed to either TBI or sham injury and administered morphine or saline in the acute post-injury period. Afterwards, neuroimaging was conducted using a novel technique, QUEnch assiSTed (QUEST) MRI, which compares standard …

Novel Rvd6 Stereoisomer Induces Corneal Nerve Regeneration And Wound Healing Post-Injury By Modulating Trigeminal Transcriptomic Signature, Thang L. Pham, Azucena H. Kakazu, Jiucheng He, Bokkyoo Jun, Nicolas G. Bazan, Haydee E.P. Bazan

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

The high-density corneal innervation plays a pivotal role in sustaining the integrity of the ocular surface. We have previously demonstrated that pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) plus docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) promotes corneal nerve regeneration; here, we report the mechanism involved and the discovery of a stereospecific Resolvin D6-isomer (RvD6si) that drives the process. RvD6si promotes corneal wound healing and functional recovery by restoring corneal innervation after injury. RvD6si applied to the eye surface elicits a specific transcriptome signature in the trigeminal ganglion (TG) that includes Rictor, the rapamycin-insensitive complex-2 of mTOR (mTORC2), and genes involved in axon growth, whereas genes related …

Longitudinal Analysis Of Gait In People With Parkinson’S Disease To Improve The Detection Of Risk Of Falls, Ryan Meidinger

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Within 3 years of diagnosis, more than 85% of people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) develop gait problems, which may lead to falls resulting in serious injury and reduced quality of life. The evolution of gait impairments with PD progression and the relationship between locomotor performance and falls in PD are unclear. In addition, large individual variations exist at the level of gait performances corresponding to specific levels of disease severity. Deficits in cognitive and sensory-motor functions in PD also impair the ability to walk while doing another task (i.e., dual-tasking). When attentional resources in PD patients are allocated to more …

Cell Type Composition And Circuit Organization Of Clonally Related Excitatory Neurons In The Juvenile Mouse Neocortex, Cathryn R Cadwell, Federico Scala, Paul G Fahey, Dmitry Kobak, Shalaka Mulherkar, Fabian H Sinz, Stelios Papadopoulos, Zheng H Tan, Per Johnsson, Leonard Hartmanis, Shuang Li, Ronald J Cotton, Kimberley F Tolias, Rickard Sandberg, Philipp Berens, Xiaolong Jiang, Andreas Savas Tolias

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Clones of excitatory neurons derived from a common progenitor have been proposed to serve as elementary information processing modules in the neocortex. To characterize the cell types and circuit diagram of clonally related excitatory neurons, we performed multi-cell patch clamp recordings and Patch-seq on neurons derived from Nestin-positive progenitors labeled by tamoxifen induction at embryonic day 10.5. The resulting clones are derived from two radial glia on average, span cortical layers 2–6, and are composed of a random sampling of transcriptomic cell types. We find an interaction between shared lineage and connection type: related neurons are more likely to …

A Nwb-Based Dataset And Processing Pipeline Of Human Single-Neuron Activity During A Declarative Memory Task, N. Chandravadia, D. Liang, A. G. P. Schjetnan, A. Carlson, M. Faraut, J. M. Chung, C. M. Reed, B. Dichter, Uri Maoz, S. K. Kalia, T. A. Valiante, A. N. Mamelak, U. Rutishauser

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

A challenge for data sharing in systems neuroscience is the multitude of different data formats used. Neurodata Without Borders: Neurophysiology 2.0 (NWB:N) has emerged as a standardized data format for the storage of cellular-level data together with meta-data, stimulus information, and behavior. A key next step to facilitate NWB:N adoption is to provide easy to use processing pipelines to import/export data from/to NWB:N. Here, we present a NWB-formatted dataset of 1863 single neurons recorded from the medial temporal lobes of 59 human subjects undergoing intracranial monitoring while they performed a recognition memory task. We provide code to analyze and export/import …

Transcriptomic Evidence That Von Economo Neurons Are Regionally Specialized Extratelencephalic-Projecting Excitatory Neurons., Rebecca D Hodge, Jeremy A Miller, Mark Novotny, Brian E Kalmbach, Jonathan T Ting, Trygve E Bakken, Brian D Aevermann, Eliza R Barkan, Madeline L Berkowitz-Cerasano, Charles Cobbs, Francisco Diez-Fuertes, Song-Lin Ding, Jamison Mccorrison, Nicholas J Schork, Soraya I Shehata, Kimberly A Smith, Susan M Sunkin, Danny N Tran, Pratap Venepally, Anna Marie Yanny, Frank J Steemers, John W Phillips, Amy Bernard, Christof Koch, Roger S Lasken, Richard H Scheuermann, Ed S Lein

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

von Economo neurons (VENs) are bipolar, spindle-shaped neurons restricted to layer 5 of human frontoinsula and anterior cingulate cortex that appear to be selectively vulnerable to neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, although little is known about other VEN cellular phenotypes. Single nucleus RNA-sequencing of frontoinsula layer 5 identifies a transcriptomically-defined cell cluster that contained VENs, but also fork cells and a subset of pyramidal neurons. Cross-species alignment of this cell cluster with a well-annotated mouse classification shows strong homology to extratelencephalic (ET) excitatory neurons that project to subcerebral targets. This cluster also shows strong homology to a putative ET cluster in …

Evidence That Brain-Reactive Autoantibodies Contribute To Chronic Neuronal Internalization Of Exogenous Amyloid-Β1-42 And Key Cell Surface Proteins During Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis, Eric L Goldwaser, Nimish K Acharya, Hao Wu, George A Godsey, Abhirup Sarkar, Cassandra A Demarshall, Mary C Kosciuk, Robert G Nagele

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability is a recognized early feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the present study, we examined consequences of increased BBB permeability on the development of AD-related pathology by tracking selected leaked plasma components and their interactions with neurons in vivo and in vitro. Histological sections of cortical regions of postmortem AD brains were immunostained to determine the distribution of amyloid-β1-42 (Aβ42), cathepsin D, IgG, GluR2/3, and alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR). Results revealed that chronic IgG binding to pyramidal neurons coincided with internalization of Aβ42, IgG, GluR2/3, and α7nAChR as well as lysosomal compartment expansion in these …