Medical Pharmacology Commons^™

A Study Of Awareness Of Antiseptics And Disinfectant Use Among Allied Health Sciences Students And Interns Of A Tertiary Care Hospital, Pooja M, Puneeth A, Sharmi Nm

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Background:

Antiseptics and disinfectants are among the most vital tools in infection prevention and control (IPC), especially in healthcare settings where the risk of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) remains a significant concern. This study aims to assess the awareness and knowledge of antiseptics and disinfectants among Allied Health Sciences (AHS) students and interns, identify knowledge gaps at different stages of training, and recommend educational interventions.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study conducted among 1st to 3rd-year AHS students and interns at a tertiary care hospital. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire via a Google form after obtaining approval from …

Propofol In Chronic Cannabis Users: A Mechanistic Link To Cannabinoid Hyperemesis?, Jonmark I. Dolendo, Sonia Frick, Jia Q. Yang, Brad A. Haubrich

Annual Research Symposium

Purpose: Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) is characterized by cyclic nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain in chronic cannabis users, often relieved by exposure to hot water. Propofol, a widely used GABAergic anesthetic with antiemetic properties, has paradoxically been implicated in exacerbating hyperemetic episodes in some cannabis users. With the growing legalization of marijuana and social acceptance to its recreational use it is believed that this phenomenon will be more ubiquitous to clinicians. This review aims to investigate the mechanistic and clinical evidence linking propofol administration to CHS and to summarize strategies for prevention, diagnosis, and management.

Methods: PubMed and EBSCO were …

Optimization Of A Kcc2 Small Molecule Agonist And The Development Of An In-Silico Model Of Intermolecular Dynamics For The Rational Design Of Therapeutics Against Opioid Use Disorder, William H.D. Ho, Alfred Amendolara, Kenyon Mitchell, Jaden Miner, Braxton Bingham, Andrew Payne

Annual Research Symposium

Roseman University Research Symposium

Wednesday, February 18, 2026 | 3:00 – 6:00 pm (local time)

When Nutrition Fails: Modeling Protein Malnutrition-Driven Vulnerability In Hepatic Drug Metabolism And Inflammatory Stress, Vijitha D. Kantety, Victor Jiminez Jr.

Annual Research Symposium

Background

Protein malnutrition remains a major global health problem and frequently co-occurs with alcohol use, opioid exposure, and infectious disease, particularly in low- and middle-income settings. The liver is central to both metabolism and inflammatory regulation, yet the effects of a malnutrition-like nutrient environment on hepatic responses to combined metabolic and inflammatory insults are not well defined. Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), a key enzyme involved in opioid metabolism, is highly sensitive to inflammatory signaling and may be especially vulnerable under conditions of nutritional deficiency. This project aims to 1) develop an in vitro model of nutritionally competent versus amino acid–restricted …

Immune-Mediated Necrotizing Myopathy In Association With Statin Exposure, Charlie E. Babcock, Phebie Rossi, Jennifer Hasvold

Aesculapius Journal (Health Sciences & Medicine)

Statins are first-line therapy for hyperlipidemia and are widely prescribed in primary care. Although generally safe, they carry rare but serious risks that must be considered on an individual basis. One such complication is immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM), an autoimmune condition characterized by persistent muscle weakness and elevated creatine kinase (CK) despite discontinuation of the statin. We describe an 87-year-old man with a history of atorvastatin intolerance who was reinitiated on the medication five years later. Shortly thereafter, he developed progressive weakness, recurrent hospitalizations, and ultimately was diagnosed with IMNM confirmed by biopsy and HMG-CoA reductase antibodies. Despite treatment with …

Rare Presentation Of Omental Tuberculosis With Drug-Induced Jaundice In A Teenage Female: A Case Report, Archana Venkatesan, Krishna Ravi

Advances in Clinical Medical Research and Healthcare Delivery

Omental tuberculosis (TB) is a rare form of abdominal TB, often presenting with nonspecific symptoms that mimic malignancies. We report a case of a 16-year-old female from India who presented with abdominal distension, vomiting, weight loss, and amenorrhea. Imaging revealed an abdominal mass, and a diagnosis of omental TB was confirmed via histopathology. This case highlights the diagnostic challenge posed by such atypical presentations, especially in TB-endemic regions. The patient also developed rifampicin-induced jaundice, which resolved upon drug cessation and supportive care. Anti-TB therapy was cautiously reintroduced at a modified dose. This report underscores the need for high clinical suspicion, …

Unlocking Hope: Mirtazapine's Promise In Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Treatment, Rebecca K. Hicks, Iram Kingson, Jordan Gaal, Suzanne Holroyd

Marshall Journal of Medicine

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic and debilitating psychiatric condition characterized by intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions). While selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) are first-line treatments for OCD, a significant proportion of patients remain refractory to these interventions. Mirtazapine, an atypical antidepressant with unique pharmacological properties, has emerged as a potential adjunctive therapy for treatment-resistant OCD. This review synthesizes existing evidence regarding the efficacy and safety profile of mirtazapine in OCD management. We analyze clinical trials, observational studies, and case reports, distinguishing high- vs. low-quality evidence, and discuss mechanisms underlying mirtazapine's therapeutic effects. Additionally, …

Synergistic Anti-Tumor Activity Of Ciclopirox Olamine And Metformin In Triple-Negative Breast Cancer, Yakun Wu, Hui Lyu, Congcong Tan, Margaret E. Larsen, Shou Ching Tang, Shile Huang, Bolin Liu

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Impact Of Apitegromab On Motor Function In Spinal Muscular Atrophy, Jordyn Linfield, Ashley Jacob, Haylee Whyde, Owen Fox, Kaitlyn Bowden, Connor Dains, Brenna Hissong, Manoranjan D'Souza

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an inherited neuromuscular disorder characterized by the progressive loss of alpha motor neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord, leading to muscle weakness, atrophy, and impaired motor function.¹ SMA remains an extensive and difficult-to-treat condition, with only three disease-modifying therapies currently available to patients. A new investigational agent with a unique mechanism of action, apitegromab (SRK-015), has shown promising results in recent clinical trials. The safety and efficacy of apitegromab in patients with SMA have been explored in several clinical trials, with the TOPAZ and SAPPHIRE studies being the most notable. This …

Zoliflodacin Versus Ceftriaxone Plus Azithromycin For Treatment Of Uncomplicated Urogenital Gonorrhoea: An International, Randomised, Controlled, Open-Label, Phase 3, Non-Inferiority Clinical Trial, Alison Luckey, Manica Balasegaram, Lindley A. Barbee, Teresa A. Batteiger, Helen Broadhurst, Stephanie E. Cohen, Sinead Delany-Moretlwe, Henry J.C. De Vries, Jodie A. Dionne, Katherine Gill, Chris Kenyon, Rossaphorn Kittiyaowamarn, Drew Lewis, John P. Mueller, Vimla Naicker, Seamus O'Brien, John P. O'Donnell, Nittaya Phanuphak, Elizabeth Spooner, Subasree Srinivasan, Stephanie N. Taylor, Magnus Unemo, Zinhle Zwane, Edward W. Hook, Zoliflodacin Phase 3 Study Group

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background Development of new treatments for gonorrhoea is a global public health priority. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of zoliflodacin versus ceftriaxone plus azithromycin in patients with uncomplicated urogenital gonorrhoea. Methods In this phase 3, multinational, randomised, controlled, open-label, non-inferiority clinical trial, participants aged 12 years and older with clinical suspicion of uncomplicated urogenital gonorrhoea were eligible for inclusion. The trial was done in 17 outpatient clinics in Belgium, the Netherlands, South Africa, Thailand, and the USA. Participating countries with high disease prevalence were identified for participation in the study. Sites selected for participation were led by …

The Effects Of Antidepressant Medications On Sleep Quality In Dominican University Of California Students, Natalie L. Davis, Kenna Wohlford, Stephanie Lee

Physician Assistant Studies | Graduate Research Papers

We spend approximately one third of our life time sleeping or attempting to sleep. The quality of our sleep is equally, if not more important than the amount of sleep we get. This study assesses the effects that medications, specifically antidepressants, can have on sleep quality in Dominican University of California students. 118 participants completed a Qualtrics survey including questions regarding stress, sleep quality, medication lists, and demographics. This study utilized the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to quantify participants’ sleep quality as the outcome. Participant stress levels were assessed with a Likert scale question asking for stress levels on …

Vestibular Migraine And Ssri Withdrawal, Grace Fairchild, Sarah Redding, Ashley Flagge

V&B Posters

No abstract provided.

Vestibular Migraine And Ssri Withdrawal: A Case Presentation, Grace Fairchild, Sarah Redding, Ashley Flagge

V&B Presentations

No abstract provided.

A Ubiquitous Organophosphate Flame Retardant Disrupts Energy And Glucose Homeostasis In Mice, Krystal M. Sewell, Kelly Oriakhi, Sara Y. Ngo Tenlep, Megan L. Weaver, Mansura Shahad Bawa, Se-Hyung Park, Shubh Saraswat, Xiaohua D. Zhang, Robert N. Helsley, Samir Softic, Cetewayo S. Rashid

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) are used in many consumer products, and their presence in our environment raises concerns about potential health dangers. In humans, exposure to OPFRs, such as tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP) is associated with metabolic disorders such as obesity, hyperglycemia, and insulin resistance. Our current study seeks to determine how TDCPP exposure affects body composition, glucose homeostasis, and energy balance in a rodent model. C57Bl/6 J mice were divided into two weight-matched groups and fed purified low phytoestrogen diets containing either 0.1 % DMSO (control) or TDCPP 415 mg/kg resulting in an approximate exposure of 50 mg/kg/day. Both male …

Contribution Of Metabolism-Independent Glucose Sensing To Metabolic Homeostasis, Nadia Rashid, Kavaljit H. Chhabra

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

Glucose sensing and signaling are central to cellular metabolic machinery for the regulation of metabolic homeostasis. Glucose sensing has been almost always assumed to be coupled with glucose metabolism; however, recent findings have unraveled metabolism-independent sensing mechanisms. Here, we discuss whether glucose transporters (GLUTs) and sodium-glucose co-transporters (SGLTs) may also function as glucose sensors independent of their roles in transporting glucose. Moreover, we review the emerging roles of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in sensing glucose and, consequently, initiating its signaling pathways in a cell-specific manner. Altogether, this review offers insights into the newly identified glucose sensing mechanisms and highlights the …

Anatomical Atlas Of Kinase Responsiveness To Weight Gain: Adipose Depot Reprogramming In Diet-Induced Adiposity, Wang-Hsin Lee, Zachary A. Kipp, Sally N. Pauss, Genesee J. Martinez, Mei Xu, Terry D. Hinds, Jr.

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

Background/Objectives: Adipose tissue depots located at different anatomical sites exert differential functions in response to adiposity and glucose intolerance. These fat depots exhibit distinct metabolic signaling patterns that may influence pathological fat accumulation, thereby affecting the efficacy of anti-obesity interventions. Nonetheless, the mechanisms underpinning depot-specific signaling and pathway responsiveness remain insufficiently understood.

Methods: Kinase activity was characterized during the progression of adiposity across five adipose tissue depots in obese versus lean mice using the advanced PamGene kinome technology. Furthermore, kinase pathways in human preadipocytes and mouse 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were analyzed and compared with those in their differentiated, mature adipocytes. The …

Maesa Ramentacea Leaf Extract Protects Against Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity In Wistar Rats By Modulating Renal Oxidative Stress, Inflammation And Apoptosis, Fahmida Akter, Md Shafiqul Islam Sovon, Baizid Hossain, Md Ariful Islam, Subrato Das, Anik Biswas, Md Sohorab Uddin, Md Mahmudul Hasan

Faculty Publications

Background: Gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity continues to be a significant clinical concern, while effective and safe protective options remain limited. The nephroprotective potential of Maesa ramentacea has not yet been explored. To address this gap, the present study investigated the ethanolic leaf extract of M. ramentacea (MR-LEE) for its effects on gentamicin-induced kidney injury in Wistar rats. Methods: GC-MS profiling was employed to identify bioactive metabolites. Rats were categorised into five groups: control, gentamicin (100 mg/kg), gentamicin combined with silymarin (100 mg/kg), gentamicin combined with MR-LEE (200 mg/kg) and gentamicin combined with MR-LEE (400 mg/kg). Renal biomarkers, oxidative stress indicators, inflammatory and …

Kinase Signaling In Liver Disease Via Clinical-Trial-On-A-Pamchip: A Distinctive Methodology For Drug Mechanisms And Personalized Medicine, Zachary A. Kipp, Evelyn A. Bates, Genesee J. Martinez, Wang-Hsin Lee, Sally N. Pauss, Terry D. Hinds, Jr.

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

The utilization of extensive datasets, such as those generated by DNA or RNA sequencing, has become a central focus in drug discovery and personalized medicine (PerMed). Nonetheless, these datasets are constrained by the absence of protein-functionality testing, which affects physiological responses. In this study, we employed PamGene PamStation technology to quantify protein function by kinase activity across more than 500 signaling pathways from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Using proteins derived from nine patients and five human HCC cell lines for drug discovery and the clinical trial-on-a-chip approach, we developed comprehensive PerMed scores from the PamStation data to differentiate individual …

The Gut-Heart Axis: Exploring The Role Of The Gut Microbiome In Cardiovascular Health-A Focused Systematic Review, Yahya Makkieh, Haider Hussain Shah, Sakan Binte Imran, Shadman Mahmood Mahmood Khan Pathan, Anagha Chirayath Saju, Mounica Majooju, Aastha Garg, Tarun Naag, Rabeeul Islam, Cheeranthodika Fahima, Ramsha Ali

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

This focused systematic review examines the role of the gut microbiota in cardiovascular disease (CVD). The review explores mechanisms linking gut dysbiosis with CVD via microbial metabolites such as trimethylamine-Noxide (TMAO) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which affect inflammation, endothelial function, and lipid metabolism. Interventions including dietary modifications, probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and pharmacological agents such as statins, rifaximin, and empagliflozin are evaluated for their impact on microbial composition and cardiovascular outcomes. Probiotic strains and fiber-rich diets demonstrated modest improvements in blood pressure, lipid profiles, and inflammatory markers. Studies revealed that gut microbiome alterations influence drug metabolism and bleeding …

Investigating The Role Of Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine For Cancer Symptom Management In Older Adults: A Rapid Review, Isabelle C. Karshner

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Background: Patients with cancer often experience symptoms related to disease, complications, and treatment. One potential method of alleviating these symptoms is traditional Chinese herbal medications (TCHM). This rapid review explores the role of traditional Chinese herbal medications in treating cancer-related symptoms in older adults.

Purpose: The purpose of this rapid review is to gain and provide a better understanding of the effects of TCHM on cancer-symptom management in the older adult population. This review explores the association between TCHM and effects on cancer symptoms in older adults, including interactions, toxicity, and signs/symptoms of TCHM use that may be useful information …