Veterinary Medicine Commons^™

What Is Your Diagnosis, Pranee Tuntivanich, Suwicha Chuthatep

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Ultrasound Diagnosis, Phiwipha Kamonrat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Moraxella (Branhamella) Ovis Culture Filtrates On Bovine Erythrocytes, Peripheral Mononuclear Cells, And Corneal Epithelial Cells, Henry E. Cerny, Douglas G. Rogers, Jeffrey T. Gray, David R. Smith, Susanne Hinkley

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) is a highly contagious ocular disease that affects cattle of all ages and that occurs worldwide. Piliated hemolytic Moraxella bovis is recognized as the etiologic agent of IBK. According to data from the Nebraska Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory System, however, Moraxella (Branhamella) ovis has been isolated with increasing frequency from cattle affected with IBK. The objective of this study was, therefore, to examine M. ovis field isolates for the presence of the putative virulence factors of M. bovis. Culture filtrates from selected M. ovis field isolates demonstrated hemolytic activity on bovine erythrocytes and cytotoxic activity on …

Relationships Between The Immune System And Stress Reactivity In Pig: Visualizing The Immuno-Neuroendocrine Framework In Action, Sanipa Suradhat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Activation of the immune system is regulated through several mechanisms, within the system itself and by other body systems, in order to maintain disease resistance, and prevent immune-mediated disorders within the host. It is well accepted that the immunological, physiological, behavioral, and psychological state of an animal are closely linked and the factors affecting one feature of the network can influence the rest of the system.In recent years, our understanding of the interactions between the neuroendocrine network (i.e. the hypothalamicp tuitary- adrenal axis, HPA) and immune-mediated inflammatory reactions has expanded enormously. This article outlines the nature of the immuno-neuroendocrine network …

The Investigation Of Soluble Microbial Products In Membrane Fouling, Chackrit Nuengjamnong

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The investigation of the relative roles of Soluble Microbial Products (SMP) in membrane fouling was studied in submerged membrane bioreactors (SMBRs). Three lab-scale SMBRs were operated at a constant permeate flux (12.5 l/m2 h) with a flat sheet microfiltration membrane (hydrophilic polyolefin, pore size of 0.25 μm) using different sludge retention times (SRTs of 8, 20 and 80 days, respectively). The concentrations of SMP in terms of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and protein at the steady-state period were compared. The results showed that as SRT increased, the organic carbon content of SMP tended to be independent of SRT while the …

Proceedings Ann. Con. Vet. Sci. Chula. Meeting/27-28 April, 2006., Ornsiri Cheunsuang

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

The Variations And Patterns Of Renal Arteries In Dogs, Kriengyot Sajjarengpong, Adisorn Adirektaworn

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

288 kidneys complete with renal arteries and abdominal aorta, were collected from 144 dogs (75 males and 69 females), dissected and studied according to the number, branch, length and position of the renal arteries bifurcation. The positions of the left and right renal arteries were also observed. Double renal arteries were noted in 14 of 144 dogs (9.72%) but only on the left side. Single renal arteries had one to six branches. Most kidneys had 2 (39.42%) or 3 (33.58%) branches. The bifurcation mostly occurred in the middle of the renal artery (60.61%). Only ten kidneys (3.65%) were supplied by …

Transcriptome Signature Of Virulent And Attenuated Pseudorabies Virus-Infected Rodent Brain, Christina Paulus, Patricia J. Sollars, Gary E. Pickard, Lynn W. Enquist

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Mammalian alphaherpesviruses normally establish latent infections in ganglia of the peripheral nervous system in their natural hosts. Occasionally, however, these viruses spread to the central nervous system (CNS), where they cause damaging, often fatal, infections. Attenuated alphaherpesvirus derivatives have been used extensively as neuronal circuit tracers in a variety of animal models. Their circuit-specific spread provides a unique paradigm to study the local and global CNS response to infection. Thus, we systematically analyzed the host gene expression profile after acute pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection of the CNS using Affymetrix GeneChip technology. Rats were injected intraocularly with one of three selected …

The Cattle Industry's Guidelines For The Care And Handling Of Cattle

Nebraska Beef Quality Assurance Program

Cattlemen have long recognized the need to properly care for livestock. Sound animal husbandry practices, based on decades of practical experience and research, are known to impact the wellbeing of cattle, individual animal health and herd productivity. Cattle are produced in very diverse environments and geographic locations in the United States. There is not one specific set of production practices that can be recommended for all cattle producers. Personal experience, training and professional judgment can serve as a valuable resource for providing proper animal care.

Conservation Medicine On The Galápagos Islands: Partnerships Among Behavioral, Population, And Veterinary Scientists, Patricia Parker, Noah Whiteman, R. Miller

Biology Department Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Bats: Important Reservoir Hosts Of Emerging Viruses, Charles H. Calisher, James E. Childs, Hume E. Field, Tony Schountz, Kathryn V. Holmes

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

The remarkable mammals known as “bats” and “flying foxes” (order Chiroptera [“hand wing”]) may be the most abundant, diverse, and geographically dispersed vertebrates (Table 1). Although a great deal is known about them, detailed information is needed to explain the astonishing variations of their anatomy, their lifestyles, their roles in ecosystems ecology, and their importance as reservoir hosts of viruses of proven or potential significance for human and veterinary health.

PrpSc Accumulation In Fetal Cotyledons Of Scrapieresistant Lambs Is Influenced By Fetus Location In The Uterus, Janet Alverson, Katherine I. O'Rourke, Timothy V. Baszler

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Placentae from scrapie-infected ewes have been shown to accumulate PrP^Sc when the genotype of the fetus is of a susceptible genotype (VRQ/VRQ, ARQ/VRQ or ARQ/ARQ). Cotyledons from fetuses of genotypes ARR/ARR, ARQ/ARR and ARQ/VRR have previously been shown to be resistant to PrP^Sc accumulation. By using ewes from a naturally infected scrapie flock, cotyledons from fetuses of multiple births of different genotypes were examined. PrP^Sc was detected in fetal cotyledons of genotype ARQ/ARQ, but not in cotyledons from their dizygotic twin of genotype ARQ/ARR. This confirms earlier reports of single fetuses of these genotypes, but is the …

Comparison Of Two Automated Immunohistochemical Procedures For The Diagnosis Of Scrapie In Domestic Sheep And Chronic Wasting Disease In North American White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) And Mule Deer (Odocoileus Hemionus), T. V. Baszler, M. Kiupel, E. S. Williams, B. V. Thomsen, T. Gidlewski, D. L. Montgomery, Katherine I. O'Rourke, S. M. Hall

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Two commercially available automated immunohistochemistry platforms, Ventana NexES and DakoCytomation Autostainer Universal Staining System, were compared for diagnosing sheep scrapie and cervid chronic wasting disease. Both automated platforms used the same antiprion protein monoclonal primary antibodies, but different platform-specific linker and amplification reagents and procedures. Duplicate sections of brainstem (at the level of the obex) and lymphoid tissue (retropharyngeal lymph node or tonsil) from the same tissue block were immunostained for the comparison. Examination of 1,020 tissues from 796 sheep revealed 100% concordance of results between the Ventana NexES and DakoCytomation platforms for diagnosing sheep scrapie from lymphoid tissue (103/103 …

Preliminary Observations Of Genetic Susceptibility Of Elk (Cervus Elaphus Nelsoni) To Chronic Wasting Disease By Experimental Oral Inoculation, Amir N. Hamir, Thomas Gidlewski, Terry R. Spraker, Janice M. Miller, Lynn Creekmore, Michelle Crocheck, Thomas Cline, Katherine I. O'Rourke

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

To compare the genetic susceptibility of elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) with various alleles of the PRNP gene, which encodes the normal cellular prion protein, to chronic wasting disease (CWD), eight 8-monthold elk calves of 3 genotypes (2 132MM, 2 132LM, and 4 132LL) were orally dosed with CWD-infected brain material from elk. During postinoculation (PI) month 23, both 132MM elk had lost appetite, developed clinical signs of weight loss and central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction, and were euthanized. Two other elk (both 132LM) developed similar clinical signs of disease and were euthanized during PI month 40. All 4 …

Avian Influenza: Human Pandemic Concerns, Donna K. Carver, Elizabeth A. Krushinskie

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

The likelihood that the next human influenza pandemic virus will emerge from the Asian strain of the H5N1 high pathogenic bird influenza virus that is causing widespread outbreaks in Eurasia remains unknown. (See Glossary for italicized terms.) Because these bird influenza outbreaks remain primarily an animal disease, there is hope that a human pandemic can be prevented. Eradication of the H5N1 high pathogenic bird influenza virus needs to occur at the farm level in the countries where it is currently circulating. Funding of prevention, surveillance, and eradication efforts in the countries where outbreaks are occurring or in at-risk countries will …

Chronic Wasting Disease Of Elk And Deer And Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Comparative Analysis Of The Scrapie Prion Protein, Zhiliang Xie, Katherine I. O'Rourke, Zhiqian Dong, Allen L. Jenny, Julie A. Langenberg, Ermais D. Belay, Lawrence B. Schonberger, Robert B. Petersen, Wenquan Zou, Quingzhong Kong, Pierluigi Gambetti, Shu G. Chen

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Chronic wasting disease (CWD), a transmissible prion disease that affects elk and deer, poses new challenges to animal and human health. Although the transmission ofCWDto humans has not been proven, it remains a possibility. If this were to occur, it is important to know whether the “acquired” human prion disease would show a phenotype including the scrapie prion protein (PrP^Sc) features that differ from those associated with human sporadic prion disease. In this study, we have compared the pathological profiles and PrP^Sc characteristics in brains of CWD-affected elk and deer with those in subjects with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob …

Department Of Veterinary And Biomedical Sciences: 2006 Annual Report

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Information and History

Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences Personnel . 9-16

Faculty .. 9

VBMS Researchers, Postdoctoral and Senior Research Associates . 10

VBMS Adjunct and Courtesy Faculty .... 11

Emeriti Faculty .. 11

VBMS Faculty and Staff by Function and Unit .. 9-16

VBMS Honors, Awards and Recognitions, 2006 17-19

VBMS Committee Assignments, 2006/2007 . 20-22

Faculty Profiles . 23-45

Raul G. Barletta, BS, MS, PhD .. 23

Bruce W. Brodersen, BS, DVM, MS, PhD .... 24

Michael P. Carlson, BS, MS, PhD ... 25

Subash Das, BSV c, MVSc, PhD .... 26

Alan R. Doster, DVM, MS, PhD, ACVP . …

Wildlife Tuberculosis In South African Conservation Areas: Implications And Challenges, A.L. Michel, R.G. Bengis, D.F. Keet, M. Hofmeyr, L.M. De Klerk, P.C. Cross, A.E. Jolles, D. Cooper, I.J. Whyte, P. Buss, J. Godfroid

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium bovis, was first diagnosed in African buffalo in South Africa’s Kruger National Park in 1990. Over the past 15 years the disease has spread northwards leaving only the most northern buffalo herds unaffected. Evidence suggests that 10 other small and large mammalian species, including large predators, are spillover hosts. Wildlife tuberculosis has also been diagnosed in several adjacent private game reserves and in the Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park, the third largest game reserve in South Africa.

The tuberculosis epidemic has a number of implications, for which the full effect of some might only be seen in the long-term. …

The Epidemiology Of West Nile Virus In Louisiana, Karen Ruth Gruszynski

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the genus Flavivirus transmitted by mosquitoes, first appeared in the New York in 1999. Within five years WNV was detected throughout the contiguous 48 states causing disease in reservoirs and accidental hosts alike. In Louisiana, WNV was first detected in 2001 with one human case, ten equine cases, and six dead birds reported. The introduction of WNV into Louisiana presented an unique opportunity to observe an emerging disease unfold, so a study was launched to gain insight into the epidemiology of WNV in Louisiana. The first component, an environmental predictive model for West …

Calving And Preweaning Growth Performance Traits Of Calves Sired By Charolais, Simmental And Eastern Anatolian Red Bulls, Abdülkadi̇r Özlütürk, Mete Yanar, Naci̇ Tüzemen, Si̇nan Kopuzlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Charolais (C)-, Simmental (S)-, and Eastern Anatolian Red (EAR)-sired calves born in 2 locations in Eastern Anatolia were compared in terms of calving traits and preweaning growth characteristics. Breed of sire effects were significant (P < 0.01) for birth weight, 205-day weaning weight, average daily weight gain from birth to weaning, and some body measurements at birth. S- and C-sired calves were heavier at birth and larger for most body measurements at birth than EAR-sired calves. The C- and S-sired calves also had higher 205-day weight than the EAR-sired calves. Although the level of calving difficulty was higher in the S and C crosses, the differences were not statistically significant. Male calves had significantly (P < 0.01) heavier birth and 205-day weights, higher preweaning average daily gain and greater body measurements (e.g., height at withers, heart girth and cannon bone girth) than females. Location differences were also significant (P < 0.01) for survival rate from birth to weaning, preweaning growth rate and 205-day weight. In conclusion, although C- and S-sired calves performed similarly for most traits, all parameters of the preweaning growth were higher in calves sired by S and C bulls than in calves sired by EAR bulls. Therefore, both C and S could be considered as sire breeds for crossbreeding programs to be implemented in Eastern Anatolia, since these breeds did not cause an adverse influence on the calving and growth traits of the crossbred calves.

New Pelagic Gastropoda Species Encountered On The Turkish Coast Of The Levant Sea, Cem Çevi̇k, Ahmet Kideys, Beni̇n Toklu, Deni̇z Ergüden, Ercan Sarihan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this work, 9 species of pelagic gastropods were studied during bottom trawling and net sampling for zooplankton of Akkuyu in Erdemli and in İskenderun Bay (the northeastern Mediterranean). Among those, Pterotrachea hippocampus Phlippi, 1836, Cavolinia tridentate (Forsskal, 1775), Limacina (Munthea) trochiformis (D'Orbigny, 1836), and Corolla spectabilis (Dall, 1871) were first records for Turkish mollusk fauna, and the remaining, Atlanta peronii Lesuer, 1817, Firoloida desmarestia Lesuer, 1817, Clio pyramidata Linné, 1767, Creseis acicula Rang, 1828, and Creseis virgula Rang, 1828 were first records for the Mediterranean coast of Turkey.

The Effects Of Bacterial Inoculants On The Fermentation, Aerobic Stability And Rumen Degradability Characteristics Of Wheat Silages, Eki̇n Sucu, İsmai̇l Fi̇lya

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was carried out to determine the effects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculants on the fermentation, aerobic stability and in situ rumen degradability characteristics of wheat silages. Wheat was harvested at the early dough stage. Inoculant-1188 (Pioneer^{®}, USA) and Sil-All (Alltech, UK) were used as LAB inoculants. Inoculants were applied to silages at 1.5 x 10^6 cfu/g levels. Wheat material was ensiled in 1.5-l special anaerobic jars, equipped with a lid enabling gas release only. Three jars from each group were sampled for chemical and microbiological analysis 2, 4, 8, 15 and 50 days after ensiling. At the …

Effects Of Double Injections Of Pgf_{2}\Alpha At Different Intervals On Some Reproductive Traits In Tuj Ewes, Nalan Bayşu Sözbi̇li̇r, Şaban Maraşli, Yavuz Öztürkler, Ömer Uçar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study investigated the effects of double injections of PGF_{2}\alpha at different intervals (10 vs. 14 days) on plasma progesterone levels, oestrus and lambing rates in Tuj ewes during the breeding season. Thirty clinically healthy mature ewes were assigned randomly into 2 experimental groups: 2 injections of 125 µg of Cloprostenol (a PGF_{2}\alpha analogue) at either 10 (Group I, n = 15) or 14 day (Group II, n = 15) intervals. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein on the day of the second injection of PGF_{2}\alpha, 4 days post-injection and 16 days after insemination to determine plasma …

Effects Of Feeding Frequency On Growth, Feed Consumption, And Body Composition In Juvenile Turbot (Psetta Maxima Linnaeus, 1758) At Low Temperature, Ali̇ Türker

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Juvenile turbot Psetta maxima (Linnaeus, 1758) (15.23 ± 2.99 g) were fed to satiation with a commercial extruded feed over a 60-day period. Feeding regimens were twice a day (TD), every other day (EOD), and 2-day intervals (TDI). Fish were kept in seawater (18 ppt) at 5-7.5 °C from January 21 to March 23, 2004. Feed conversion rate (FCR) and the protein efficiency ratios (PER) were within the ranges of 1.12-1.14 and 2.26-2.29, respectively. While the maximum relative growth rate (RGR), weight gain, and specific growth rate (SGR) were recorded in the TD group, they were lower in the EOD …

The Role Of Indirect Transmission In The Epidemiology Of Bovine Tuberculosis In Cattle And White-Tailed Deer In Michigan, Amanda Elizabeth Fine

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

Understanding the epidemiology of Mycobacterium bovis transmission in Michigan is an essential component of nationwide efforts to control and eradicate bovine tuberculosis (TB). Determining the role of indirect transmission in bovine TB dynamics is a key to the application of epidemiologically effective methods of disease control in both livestock and wildlife populations. The objective of this dissertation was to characterize the persistence of M. bovis in the environment and its potential role in the indirect transmission of disease among and between cattle (Bos taurus and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Michigan.

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Eradication Project: Activities Report And Conference Proceedings 2006, Bridget Kavanagh-Patrick

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

Bovine tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that is close to being eradicated in the United States, but still poses a significant risk to domestic livestock, wildlife, companion animals and humans throughout the world.

The Michigan Bovine TB Eradication Project involves a multi-agency team of experts from the Michigan Departments of Agriculture (MDA), Natural Resources (DNR) and Community Health (DCH); Michigan State University (MSU) and the US Department of Agriculture (USDA).

Survival Of Mycobacterium Bovis On Feedstuffs Commonly Used As Supplemental Feed For White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus), Mitchell V. Palmer, Diana L. Whipple

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

Mycobacterium bovis, the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis, has become established in free-ranging white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus in northeastern Michigan. The practice of supplemental feeding of white-tailed deer during the winter is believed to contribute to transmission of M. bovis between deer. The current study was conducted to determine the ability of M. bovis to survive on various feedstuffs commonly used as supplemental feed for deer in northeast Michigan (i.e., apples, corn, carrots, sugar beets, potatoes, and hay) and the effect of maintenance at 220 C, 8 C, and 23 C on survival. Mycobacterium bovis survived on all feedstuffs at …

Advances In Bovine Tuberculosis Diagnosis And Pathogenesis: What Policy Makers Need To Know, Mitchell V. Palmer, W. Ray Waters

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

The mainstay of tuberculosis diagnosis in cattle and deer has been the tuberculin skin test. Recent advances have allowed the incorporation of blood based assays to the diagnostic arsenal for both cattle and deer. Use of defined and specific antigens has allowed for improved specificity of cell mediated assays in both cattle and deer and advances in antibody tests for tuberculosis have potential for use in free-ranging and captive cervid populations. Combined use of blood-based assays with skin testing will require further understanding of the effect of skin testing on the accuracy of blood based assays. Models of experimental infection …

Wild Boar And Red Deer Display High Prevalences Of Tuberculosis-Like Lesions In Spain, Joaquín Vicente, Ursula Höfle, Joseba M. Garrido, Isabel G. Fernández-De-Mera, Ramón Juste, Marta Barral, Christian Gortazar

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

We describe the distribution of tuberculosis-like lesions (TBL) in wild boar (Sus scrofa) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Spain. Animals with TBL were confirmed in 84.21% of mixed populations (n = 57) of red deer and wild boar and in 75% of populations of wild boar alone (n = 8) in central and southern Spain (core area). The prevalence of TBL declined towards the periphery of this region. In the core area, the prevalence ranged up to 100% in local populations of wild boar (mean estate prevalence 42.51%) and up to 50% in red deer …

Brugia Phangi: Effects Of Third Stage Larvae Es Immunization On Early Migration And Parasite Establishment In Mongolian Gerbils (Meriones Unguiculatus), Ginger Ann Robertson

LSU Master's Theses

Brugia infections occur via the bite of an infected mosquito. Third stage infective larvae (L3) deposited on the skin during feeding migrate into the bite wound, through skin and into the lymphatic system. It is hypothesized that L3 excretory/secretory products (ES) are important in this initial phase of the infection. A model for these early migrations has been established by inoculating L3s into the dermis (ID) of the permissive gerbil host. In this model, most L3s injected ID in the louer hind limb travel to the popliteal lymph node by 3 days post infection. Adult parasites are located primarily in …