Veterinary Medicine Commons^™

Animal Arterivirus Infections, Denis Archambault, Udeni B. R. Balasuriya, Raymond R. R. Rowland, Hanchun Yang, Dongwan Yoo

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

No abstract.

Physiological And Behavioural Responses To Noxious Stimuli In The Atlantic Cod (Gadus Morhua), Jared R. Eckroth, Øyvind Aas-Hansen, Lynne U. Sneddon, Helena Bichão, Kjell B. Døving

Aquaculture Collection

In the present study, our aim was to compare physiological and behavioural responses to different noxious stimuli to those of a standardized innocuous stimulus, to possibly identify aversive responses indicative of injury detection in a commercially important marine teleost fish, the Atlantic cod. Individual fish were administered with a noxious stimulus to the lip under short-term general anaesthesia (MS-222). The noxious treatments included injection of 0.1% or 2% acetic acid, 0.005% or 0.1% capsaicin, or piercing the lip with a commercial fishing hook. Counts of opercular beat rate (OBR) at 10, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min and observations of …

The 24th Annual Research Conference Abstract Booklet, Nikki Lynn Rogers

University of Gondar Research Conferences

Staff members, postgraduate and senior undergraduate students of the University, invited guests and speakers participated in the conference. The annual conference of the University is meant to share experiences in research activities among juniors and seniors, staff and students, and invited guests. It is also meant to motivate students and young faculty to engage in research and also to initiate and strengthen interdisciplinary collaborations. The findings of the studies and the resulting recommendations are expected to be used in solving the diverse societal problems we have been facing.

Research activities at the University of Gondar are primarily aimed at solving …

Characterization Of Corynebacterium Pseudotuberculosis Biovar Equi Isolates Obtained From Cal Poly Horses And Review Of Application Of Transposons To Better Prevent Pigeon Fever In Horses, Irene Hasen

Animal Science

No abstract provided.

Ophthalmology Snapshot, Nalinee Tuntivanich

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Efficacy Of Live Infectious Bronchitis Vaccine Programs Against Infection By Qx-Like Strain Of Infectious Bronchitis Virus, Ekasingh Sarueng, Wisanu Wanasawaeng, Jiroj Sasipreeyajan, Niwat Chansiripornchai

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of live infectious bronchitis (IB) vaccine programs against infection by a QX-like strain of the IB virus isolated in Thailand. The experimental groups were divided into 5 groups. Group 1 broilers were administered with Poulvac IB QX-like at 1 day old. Group 2 broilers were administered with Poulvac IB QX-like at 1 and 14 days old. Group 3 broilers were administered with Nobilis IB H120 and Poulvac IB QX-like at 1 and 14 days old, respectively. Group 4 broilers were administered with Nobilis IB H120 and Nobilis IB 4-91 at …

Reliability Of Portable Blood Glucose Meters For Using In Small Animal Hospital, Siram Suvarnavibhaja, Poramin Yuennan, Ratanaporn Tangwangwiwat, Aomusa Kuaha, Sirintorn Yibchokeanan

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The objective of this study was to compare blood glucose concentrations obtained from two portable blood glucose meters (PBGM), Sure-step™ and Accucheck™, with reference method, glucose oxidase test. Blood samples were collected from dogs consulting in Small Animal Hospital, Chulalongkorn University. A hundred and thirty four blood samples were collected in the study. Blood glucose concentrations were measured by using Sure-step™, Accucheck™ and glucose oxidase method respectively in all samples. The intra-class correlation was determined to evaluate the correlation between each PBGM and glucose oxidase test. The range of the blood glucose concentrations was 31.47 to 347.49 mg/dl. Overall intra-class …

Effects Of Prolonged Oral Intake Of Monosodium Glutamate (Msg) On Body Weight And Its Correlation To Stomach Histopathological Changes In Male Rats, Gamal S. Abd El-Aziz, Magdy O. El-Fark, Sherif M. Hassan, Mohamed H. Badawoud

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a food additive found in many commercial food products. The safe use of MSG has generated much controversy regarding weight gain and health effects. In the present study, the effects of MSG administration for different periods of time on weight gain and on the structure of gastric mucosa in rats were investigated. Thirty-two adult male rats were used and randomly divided into two treated and two control groups (n=8, each). The rats in the treated groups received a daily oral dose of 395 mg/kg bw of MSG for 3 and 6 weeks, respectively, while the control …

Prevalence And Histopathology Of Trichogaster Pectoralis Harbouring Metacercaria Of Clinostomum Piscidium (Southwell And Prashad, 1918) In Central Thailand, Tawewan Tansatit, Prasert Sobhon, Somphong Sahaphong, Panpanga Sangsuriya, Suriyo Klinsrithong

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aim of this study was to identify the digenea in abdominal cavity of Trichogaster pectoralis from two fish farms in Ban Paew District, Samutsakorn Province, Central Thailand, and to investigate the prevalence, intensity and pathological alterations caused by fluke in the host fish. Two hundred and seventy three 8 to 10- month-old T. pectoralis were obtained from two farms (60 females and 75 males from the first and 63 females and 75 males from the second). Their total length and body weight were measured. Metacercariae of Clinostomum piscidium were identified in the body cavity of T. pectoralis. The parasites …

Pancreas Morphology And Duct System Of Swamp Buffaloes (Bubalus Bubalis), Tilladit Rung-Ruangkijkrai, Wuthichai Klomkleaw

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Swamp buffaloes have been important to Thai countryfolk for centuries. However, it’s meat consumption has increased continuously. Since meat and offal of cattle are very similar, pancreas might be used to differentiate buffalo offal from cow offal. Pancreases from 10 adult buffaloes of both sexes were obtained and studied anatomically. Studies revealed that, unlike human and other animals, buffalo pancreas had a unique F-shape with left lobe, right lobe, body, and uncinate process. There was no main pancreatic duct. Only one accessory pancreatic duct was found open into minor duodenal papilla similar to those of cow. Furthermore, unlike human and …

Importance Of Backfat Thickness To Reproductive Performance In Female Pigs, Atthaporn Roongsitthichai, Padet Tummaruk

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Backfat in pigs consists of water, collagen, and lipid. Apart from age, body weight, and number of estrus expression, backfat thickness is one of the significant parameters to consider when selecting female pigs into breeding herds since it dominates a number of reproductive performances, e.g. puberty attainment, total piglets born (TB), and farrowing rate. Besides, backfat is one of the significant sources of hormones related to puberty attainment, such as leptin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and progesterone (P4). Evaluation of backfat thickness is majorly performed by an A-mode ultrasonography at P2 position; it provides more accurate body condition than visual …

The Effectiveness Of Vaccination With Two Live Infectious Bronchitis Vaccine Strains Against Qx-Like Infectious Bronchitis Virus Isolated In Thailand, Tawatchai Pohuang, Niwat Chansiripornchai, Achara Tawatsin, Jiroj Sasipreeyajan

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the level of protection generated by vaccination with 2 live attenuated vaccine strains against QX-like infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) isolated in Thailand. Eighty-four 1-day-old broiler chickens were randomly allocated into 6 groups with 14 chickens in each group. Groups 1-4 were vaccinated with different vaccination programs against IBV. Groups 5 and 6 did not receive any IBV vaccine and served as positive and negative control groups, respectively. At 1 day old, the chickens in groups 1 and 4 were vaccinated with H120 vaccine whereas the chickens in groups 2 and 3 were …

Phenotypic Characterizations And Genetic Study Of Progressive Rod-Cone Degeneration In Poodles In Thailand, Metita Sussadee, Janjira Phavaphutanon, Chaiyan Kasorndorkbua, Areerat Kongcharoen, Preenun Jitasombuti, Sudtisa Laopiem, Aree Thayananuphat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Progressive rod-cone degeneration (PRCD) is one of several groups of inherited progressive retinal atrophy in dogs. This study aims to describe the characterization of phenotypic appearance and demonstrate the responsible gene mutation, including analysis of the allele frequency of PRCD in Poodle dogs in Thailand. All 10 Poodles with clinical signs of PRCD were identified by a history of progressive vision loss, an abnormal obstacle test, and fundic appearance. Genetic testing of PRCD gene mutation using the Polymerase Chain Reaction and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism technique was performed in all dogs. The result confirmed that all 10 dogs were affected. …

Antiviral Activity Of Four Commercial Tilmicosin Preparations Against Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus (Prrsv): An In Vitro Study, Korakrit Poonsuk, Jirapat Arunorat, Yonlayong Woonwong, Panchan Sitthicharoenchai, Suphattra Jittimanee, Porjit Choojai, Roongroje Thanawongnuwech

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The efficacy of four commercial tilmicosin preparations (A, B, C and D) against type 2 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), 01NP1 (Thai isolate), infection in cultured pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAMs) was conducted in vitro. Primary PAMs were collected from four 4-week-old PRRSV-free pigs. After separately plated onto four 24-well plates, PAMs were treated separately by 4 commercial tilmicosin preparations of 2 concentrations each (0.1 mg/ml and 0.01 mg/ml). The treated PAMs were inoculated with 0.05 MOI of 01NP1 strain and were stained with PRRSV specific antibody using immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA) to evaluate the quantity of PRRSV infected …

Efficacy Of Fenbendazole Against Ascaridia Spp. In Large Macaws, Thawat Lekdumrongsak, Sonthaya Tiawsirisup, Wijit Banlunara, Funknathee Prapasawat, Monchanok Pussayanawin, Nicha Prommatha, Suttipong Suttiyaporn

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Ascarids are common endoparasites in psittacines. Fenbendazole has been reported for treatment of ascarid infection in many avian species. In this study, the efficacy of fenbendazole against Ascaridia spp. in large macaws was evaluated. Seventeen pairs of naturally infected large macaws were divided into 3 groups. Birds in group 1 (6 pairs) were treated with fenbendazole per os at 35 mg/kg and repeatedly on day 10. Birds in group 2 (5 pairs) were treated with fenbendazole mixed in feed at 35 mg/kg and repeatedly on day 10. Birds in group 3 (6 pairs) served as untreated control group. Ascarid eggs …

Normal Electroretinogram In Domestic Shorthair Cats Using A Short Protocol Of Hmserg, Metita Sussadee, Janjira Phavaphutanon, Kanthapan Ubolrat, Aree Thayananuphat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study aimed to determine normal electroretinogram (ERG) parameters in healthy domestic shorthair (DSH) cats. Normal ERG in seventeen DSH cats was recorded using the QuickRetCheck protocol, a very short method to assess retinal function, of the Handheld Multispecies eletroretinography (HMsERG). Scotopic ERGs were recorded in cats under tiletamine-zolazepam and isoflurane anesthesia. At low light intensity (10 mcd.s/m2) stimulation which determined the rod photoreceptor function, a-wave could not be detectable while the mean±standard error of b-wave amplitude and implicit time were 96.26 ± 5.98 μV and 64.66 ± 0.83 msec, respectively. At standard light intensity (3,000 mcd.s/m2), the mean a-wave …

Effects Of Oleic Acid Enriched Oil Supplemented Diets On Feeding Behaviors In Cross-Bred Brahman Cattle, Xin Huo, Chayapol Meeprom, Wisitiporn Suksombat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Two experiments were conducted to compare feeding behavior in the free choice of 3 kinds of oil supplemented diets, and in 2 kinds of oil supplemented diets in beef cattle. Of the two groups, the first group received approximately 6 kg/d of concentrate as a basal diet, whilst the other was a free choice group which was fed the same quantity of basal diet as the control, but 1 kg basal diet was supplemented with 35 g per meal of corn oil (CO), palm oil (PO), and rice bran oil (RO) respectively by top dressing. The 2nd experiment was conducted …

Cloning And Sequence Analysis Of Orf5 Gene Of Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus Of The Zj Strain, Baocheng Hao, Dengyuan Niu, Xiaoyong Xing, Haitao Xiang, Fengqin Wen, Xiaoping Fu, Jianping Liang, Yonghao Hu

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

A pair of the special primers was designed and synthesized according to the ORF5 sequence of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), which was published in GenBank. In 2009 a pig farm in Zhejiang province suspected some diseased and dead pigs displaying symptoms of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome and provided 12 samples (spleen, kidney or lymph nodes) for laboratory diagnosis. The samples were positive of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome by PCR. The ORF5 gene was amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into pMD-18T vector. Nucleotide sequence was determined by sequencing and compared with other ORF5 genes in GenBank. …

Ecg Quiz, Chollada Buranakarl, Thanusorn Phakhawambodee, Rampaipat Tungjitpeanpong, Pakit Boonpala

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Ultrasound Diagnosis, Phiwipha Kamonrat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

What Is Your Diagnosis?, Nan Choisunirachon

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Equine Arteritis Virus Does Not Induce Interferon Production In Equine Endothelial Cells: Identification Of Nonstructural Protein 1 As A Main Interferon Antagonist, Yun Young Go, Yanhua Li, Zhenhai Chen, Mingyuan Han, Dongwan Yoo, Ying Fang, Udeni B. R. Balasuriya

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of equine arteritis virus (EAV) on type I interferon (IFN) production. Equine endothelial cells (EECs) were infected with the virulent Bucyrus strain (VBS) of EAV and expression of IFN-β was measured at mRNA and protein levels by quantitative real-time RT-PCR and IFN bioassay using vesicular stomatitis virus expressing the green fluorescence protein (VSV-GFP), respectively. Quantitative RT-PCR results showed that IFN-β mRNA levels in EECs infected with EAV VBS were not increased compared to those in mock-infected cells. Consistent with quantitative RT-PCR, Sendai virus- (SeV-) induced type I IFN production was …

An Hsi Fact Sheet: Avian Influenza In India, Humane Society International

HSI FACT SHEETS

Avian influenza (AI), commonly known as bird flu, typically causes little or no harm to its wild waterfowl hosts. In 2003-2004, however, nine Asian countries reported unprecedented outbreaks of high-mortality AI in domestic poultry. This viral lineage, subtype H5N1, has spread to over 60 countries, and is considered endemic in at least four.

In India, H5N1 outbreaks were first recorded in 2006, and have continued each year since, reaching a total of 86 by 2012. Millions of India’s chickens and ducks have been culled in efforts to contain and eliminate the virus. India has declared itself free of AI a …

Conformationally Stabilized Hiv Envelope Immunogens, Peter Kwong, John Mascola, Gary Nabel, Richard Wyatt, Barna Dey, Ling Xu, Tongqing Zhou, Joseph Sodroski, Wen Yuan, Shi-Hua Xiang

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Isolated immunogens including a HIV-1 gp120 polypeptide or immunogenic fragment thereof stabilized in a CD4 bound confirmation by crosslinked cysteines, and methods of their use are disclosed. The immunogens are useful, for example, for generating an immune response to HIV-1 gp120 in a Subject.

Zutrition: Analyzing And Evaluating Diets Fed To Captive Mammals At Capron Park Zoo, Briell M. Dzierga

Senior Honors Projects

Zoos provide both experiential and educational opportunities for the general public to learn about animals found in a variety of habitats around the world. A successful zoo must provide a safe and enjoyable environment for the visitors, in addition to the species living within the enclosures. Animal husbandry and welfare are crucial aspects to which close attention must be paid, and zoos have a responsibility to attempt to approximate the captive species’ natural habitats and life histories. An essential part of maintaining a captive zoo animal’s health and wellbeing is providing the animal with an appropriate diet. In addition to …

Isoflupredone Acetate As Ancillary Therapy For Bovine Respiratory Disease In High-Risk Stocker Calves, Claire E. Crews

Animal Science Undergraduate Honors Theses

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the leading cause of illness and death in U.S. feedlot cattle. This study evaluated the use of isoflupredone acetate in the treatment of BRD. Crossbred male beef calves (n = 192; BW = 221 ± 3.9 kg) were acquired in two blocks from regional auction markets and transported to the University of Arkansas Stocker and Receiving Cattle Unit. Calves were observed daily for signs of respiratory illness. Antibiotic treatment was administered if calves displayed signs of respiratory illness and rectal temperature was ≥ 40 °C. Calves (n = 72) requiring antibiotic treatment were assigned randomly …

Effects On Pinniped Immune Response Upon In Vitro Exposure To The Perfluorinated Compounds, Pfos And Pfoa, Elizabeth J. Meiman

Honors Scholar Theses

This study investigated the effects of environmental toxicants on the immune system of two pinniped species, grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) and hooded seals (Cystophora cristata). The toxicants included two perfluorinated compounds (PFC), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), compounds commonly found in a wide variety of household consumer products, including Scotchguard and Teflon. Although corporations such as 3M curtailed the use of these chemicals in the past decade, concentrations of these chemicals are increasing in the arctic aquatic ecosystem and have been measured in the tissues and blood of arctic pinnipeds. However, the effects of …

Antiviral Activity Of Favipiravir (T-705) Against Lethal Rift Valley Fever Virus Infection In Hamsters, Dionna Scharton

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a severe disease affecting both humans and a number of agriculturally important livestock species. The causative agent, RVF virus (RVFV), is primarily transmitted through mosquito bites, with transmission also occurring by exposure to infectious aerosols and direct contact with infected body fluids such as blood. Presently, there are no licensed vaccines or medicines to prevent or treat severe RVFV infection in humans. Favipiravir (T-705) is a novel compound licensed for the treatment of influenza in Japan and presently in Phase III clinical trials in the US, which has demonstrated favorable activity against an attenuated strain …

Chitosan Reduces Enteric Colonization Of Campylobacter In Young Chickens, But Not On Post-Harvest Chicken Skin Samples, Hanna Royce Arambel

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Worldwide, Campylobacter is one of the leading causes of foodborne bacterial gastroenteritis causing an estimated 1.3 million infections in the United States alone. Consumption and/or cross-contamination of raw or undercooked poultry products have been linked as the most common source of Campylobacter infection, making the poultry industry a target for Campylobacter reduction strategies. Campylobacter is prevalent in most poultry flocks in the United States, with as many as 90% of flocks Campylobacter-positive at the time of slaughter. It is estimated that a reduction of Campylobacter in poultry would greatly reduce the risk of campylobacteriosis in humans. Unfortunately, there are …

Genome-Wide Analysis Of The Variation In Host Genetics In Response To Experimental Challenges With Porcine Circovirus 2b, Taylor B. Engle

Department of Animal Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Porcine circovirus is the primary causative agent responsible for inducing a group of associated diseases known as porcine circovirus associated diseases (PCVAD), which can have detrimental effects on production efficiency as well as lead to mortality. The variation in host genetics plays a role in the ability to initiate an effective immune response. The objective of this research was to identify major genetic variants and genes that influence immune response and PCVAD susceptibility. Commercial crossbred pigs (n=974) were experimentally infected with a PCV2b strain to analyze genetic sources of variation in PCVAD susceptibility. The strain used for experimental infection was …