Veterinary Medicine Commons^™

Interlocking Nail Stabilization Technique For Long Bone Fractures In Calves, Mustafa Arican, Semih Altan, Kurtuluş Parlak, Fahrettin Alkan

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aim of this study was to report the clinical and radiographic outcome from using an interlocking nail (ILN) technique for the stabilization of long bone fractures in 15 calves. Forty-eight calves with fractures were presented to the large animal hospital. Fifteen calves of different breeds, age, sex and weight with front or hind limb fractures were considered suitable for ILN application. These included proximal or distal diaphyseal transverse and oblique fractures of the humerus, radius, femur and tibia. The third generation of six, eight, nine and 10mm diameter interlocking nails were used in this study. Interlocking pins were used …

The Effect Of Intranasal Medetomidine/Ketamine And Diazepam/Ketamine Combinations On Tear Production And Intraocular Pressure In Dogs, Osman Bulut, Rahime Yaygingul

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

To determine the effect of intranasal medetomidine/ketamine and diazepam/ketamine combinations on tear production and intraocular pressure in dogs. The animal material included 28 dogs of different breeds, ages, weights and genders that were brought to the surgery department of the Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine for simple anesthesia indications but were otherwise healthy ocularly. In a crossover design, the dogs were randomly assigned to 4 groups of 7 dogs. Animals in the first group were given 50 μg/kg of medetomidine and 10 mg/kg of ketamine intramuscularly (MEK-IM). The second group of animals was given 50 μg/kg of medetomidine …

Productivity Of Young Broilers Fed Phyllanthus Niruri Linn And Melaleuca Cajuput Leaf Meal As A Phytogenic Feed Additive, Listya Purnamasari

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Feed additives from medicinal plants can be used as alternative antibiotics to optimize productivity, growth, and health of livestock. Medicinal plants Phyllanthus niruri Linn (Meniran) and Melaleuca cajuput (Kajuput) as alternative growth promoters contain antioxidants and antimicrobials to improve the quality of animal products. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of medicinal plant leaf meals as phytogenic feed additives on broilers’ productivity and internal organ parameters. For 21 days fed, 80 1-day-old Loughmann broilers (MB202) unsex were distributed in 4 treatments with 4 pens per treatment and 5 birds per pen. The dietary treatments were: T1 …

A Study On Stress-Induced By Anaesthesia And Surgery Training Using Live Animals In A Veterinary School, Krittee Dejyong, Jutapoln Sunghan, Nantarat Chutijiratthitikan, Chonnakarn Jatchavala

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The veterinary curriculum includes an anesthesia and surgery course that utilizes live animal laboratories and euthanasia, potentially causing stress in students. We used a validated psychology questionnaire to assess their stress levels, confirming that live animal laboratories induce significant stress. Forty-two fourth year veterinary students, including individuals who identified as male, female, and LGBTQ, and who held religious beliefs in Buddhism and Islam, volunteered to participate in the study. The study had received ethical approval from the Human Research Ethics Committee at Prince of Songkla University. After series of stress questionnaires before and after Veterinary surgery and anaesthesia class, female …

Characteristics Of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (Esbl)- Producing Escherichia Coli Associated With Antimicrobial Use In Captive Wild Animals, Montira Yossapol, Jinnapat Imidom, Kannarun Sakhorn, Pimpatcha Thanomwat, Sarawut Sonrit, Siraphop Labmala, Tarid Purisotayo, Natapol Pumipuntu, Justice Opare Odoi, Adithep Konputtar

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Antimicrobial agents are a cause of the increase in antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria. We investigated the prevalence and characteristics of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria in captive wild animals before and after exposure to antimicrobial agents. Sixty-six fecal samples were collected from captive animals (spotted deer, Rusa deer, geese, chickens, rabbits, and guinea pigs) at the Mahasarakham University Mini Zoo in Thailand on three sampling occasions: October 2021, January 2022, and April 2022. Using MacConkey agar supplemented with cefotaxime, ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-Ec) was isolated and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility tests and genetic analysis. The results showed a high prevalence of ESBL-Ec …

Effect Of Rosmarinic Acid On Dog Semen Quality After Freeze-Drying By Applying Freeze-Drying Machines For Vaccine Production, Janjira Phavaphutanon, Phannipa Phungsombun, Kornchai Kornkaewrat, Sudtisa Laopiem, Wilairat Chumsing, Pattra Moonjit

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Freeze-drying (FD) is a sperm preservation method that eliminates the need for liquid nitrogen. However, the FD process can expose sperm to free radicals and temperature variations. This study aimed to determine the impact of rosmarinic acid (RA) as an antioxidant, initial sperm motility, and storage temperature on the DNA integrity of freeze-dried dog sperm. Forty-four ejaculates from 15 dogs of various breeds were divided into control (FD extender) and RA (FD extender with RA) groups, further categorized by motility (above or below 70%). After FD, samples were stored for three months at room temperature and 4 °C. Sperm quality …

Relationship Of Hyperlipidemia And Gallbladder Sludge Scores In Dogs With Hyperadrenocorticism, Jayeop Jo, Dohee Lee, Taesik Yun, Yoonhoi Koo, Yeon Chae, Dongwoo Chang, Byeong-Teck Kang, Mhan-Pyo Yang, Kyung-Duk Min, Hakhyun Kim

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Hyperadrenocorticism (HAC) and hyperlipidemia have been identified as the causes of cholestatic disease in dogs. However, the possibility of direct association of HAC with a cholestatic disease or secondary hyperlipidemia-induced cholestatic disease in dogs with HAC has not been elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate the differences in serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and basal cortisol (BC) concentrations based on the gallbladder (GB) sludge score in dogs with HAC. This study was a retrospective cohort study. In total, 36 dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH) were divided into six groups (GB scores 0–5) based on the ultrasonographic evaluation of the …

Effects Of Prostaglandin Administration After Farrowing On Milk Output, Vaginal Discharge, And Mastitis During The Early Postpartum Period In Sows Under Field Conditions, G. Romano, R. Saleri, F. De Rensis, E. Dall’Olio, Padet Tummaruk, M. Andrani, C. Mazzoni

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The present study evaluates the clinical effects of early post-partum prostaglandin administration on milk output, vaginal discharge and mastitis in sow. Two groups of sows were used: sows (n = 25) treated with prostaglandin F-2alpha (PGF-2α) intramuscularly 36 h after farrowing and a control group (n = 48) that did not receive any treatment. Seventy-two hours after farrowing, all animals were scored for rectal temperature, respiratory rate, feed ingestion, milk output, vaginal discharge and mastitis. Rectal temperature, feed intake, and milk output did not differ between the groups (P = 0.43). Regarding the clinical data, vaginal discharge was detected in …

Production, Purification, And Specificity Serologically Determination Of Immunoglobulin-Y (Igy) From Chicken Eggs Against Clostridium Tetani Toxoid, Kürşat Teti̇k, Bariş Sareyyüpoğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Tetanus is a life-threatening bacterial disease of humans and many animal species caused by the neurotoxin tetanospasmin (TeNT) produced by Clostridium tetani. Antitoxins obtained from horses and humans are primarily used to treat this disease. However, there are several clinical side effects and disadvantages associated with the use of these antitoxins. Current techniques for diagnosing tetanus use monoclonal antibodies produced in mice. These antibodies have several advantages, such as homogeneity and specificity. In contrast, a notable feature of polyclonal antibodies, especially egg yolk antibodies (IgYs) extracted from poultry, is that they can be generated in greater quantities than mammalian antibodies …

Antibiotic Resistance In Livestock: A Literature Review Of Its Consequences And International Effort On Human Antimicrobial Agents Resistant Crisis, Ha Nguyen

Theses and Graduate Projects

Background: Despite their benefits, the overuse of antibiotics in livestock has resulted in negative consequences to human health and the augmenting of an antibiotic-resistant crisis. Countries worldwide have conducted analyses and confirmed the growth of bacterial strains immune to most antibiotics. The widespread use of antibiotics is shown in various sectors, including human medicine and agriculture, leading to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains.

Purpose: This comprehensive literature review focuses on finding the connection between the usage of antibiotics in livestock, the transfer of antibiotic resistance to humans through consumption and exposure, and international efforts to find solutions to antimicrobial …

Enhancing The Visual Environment Of Indoor Housed Laboratory Cynomolgus Macaques (Macaca Fascicularis) To Reduce Stress And Maladaptive Behavior, Jeannine C. Rodgers

Theses and Dissertations

Nonhuman primates housed in indoor laboratory environments are generally exposed to nondescript background visual stimuli. This environment is not ideal for species whose primary sensory modality is visual. To provide a more naturalistic visual environment that would potentially improve their welfare, this study assessed the efficacy of a passive natural visual stimulus in the reduction of stress and stereotypy and agonistic behaviors in a cohort of four (2 male, 2 female) Cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) housed in an indoor laboratory facility in New York City. The macaques were exposed to four different videos depicting scenes of natural landscapes that were …

The Use Of Fourier-Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy With An Infrared Biotyper To Establish Classifiers For Major Serogroups Of Moraxella Bovis Based On Spectral Profiles, Jordyn Bailey Schommer

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

A classifier tool was created to identify major serogroups of Moraxella bovis based on spectral profiles collected from bacterial cells through the use of Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy. M. bovis strains were selected from a group of previously sequenced and genotyped isolates, which provided the pilin sequence type for each isolate. The obtained spectroscopic profiles were analyzed through artificial neural networks to create a classifier tool that could identify the PilA type for unknown strains. Once a sufficient spectral library was obtained, the isolates were split into a training and a validation group, each containing spectra from isolates of five …

Canine Parasites In Southern Nevada Urban Dog Parks: Paravec Study, Miklo Azrael A. Alcala

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

While dogs are one of humans’ greatest companions, they also serve as hosts for a multitude of parasites. Urban dog parks serve as environments where the transmission of diseases is likely to occur. Exposure to infective agents, contained within the soil, intermediate hosts (e.g., rodents, rabbits), and feces, can directly affect the health of dogs and their owners. Other factors that can further influence canine health include age, previous diagnoses of parasites/diseases, and migration. Many dog owners visit dog parks to encourage socialization and exercise. Such activities are meant to improve health, but unawareness of microbiological organisms can lead to …

Assessment Of American Tannin-Free Grain Sorghum As Feedstuff For Poultry: Nutrient Composition, Amino Acid Digestibility And Bird Performance, Santiago Sasia

All Dissertations

Given the rising cost of poultry diets, alternative ingredients like sorghum are crucial for maximizing returns without compromising product quality. Sorghum's drought tolerance and adaptability, along with its nutritional profile, make it a viable corn substitute. This dissertation examines the nutrient composition, amino acid digestibility, and performance of poultry fed with American tannin-free grain sorghum. Chapter II evaluates the impact of sorghum-based diets, with or without phytase superdosing, on broiler performance, including body weight, weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio. Results indicate that sorghum can replace corn without adverse effects on broiler performance. Chapter III explores the partial …

Understanding The Role Of The Microbiome In Infectious Disease, Developing Surveillance Tools, And Engineering Direct Fed Microbials To Improve Animal Health, Alison Clare (Bartenslager) Neujahr

Dissertations and Doctoral Documents, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2023–

With the ever-increasing demand for animal protein and the continual need for the assurance of proper animal welfare, investigations of preventative strategies for diseases is greatly needed. Specifically in the cattle industry, infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK), commonly known as pinkeye, causes a large economic loss to the producer. However, effective mitigation strategies are lacking. Partly, this is due to the lack of studies investigating the ocular microbiome. Therefore, studies investigating the bovine ocular microbiome are greatly needed to better understand IBK disease etiology. To this end, we investigated the changes in the ocular microbiome in animals before, during and after …

Antimicrobial Resistance In Equines: A Growing Threat To Horse Health And Beyond-A Comprehensive Review., Ajran Kabir, Bibek Lamichhane, Tasmia Habib, Alexis Adams, Hossam El-Sheikh Ali, Nathan M Slovis, Mats H. T. Troedsson, Yosra A. Helmy

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

The equine industry holds substantial economic importance not only in the USA but worldwide. The occurrence of various infectious bacterial diseases in horses can lead to severe health issues, economic losses, and restrictions on horse movement and trade. Effective management and control of these diseases are therefore crucial for the growth and sustainability of the equine industry. While antibiotics constitute the primary treatment strategy for any bacterial infections in horses, developing resistance to clinically important antibiotics poses significant challenges to equine health and welfare. The adverse effects of antimicrobial overuse and the escalating threat of resistance underscore the critical importance …

A History Of The Development Of Alternatives To Animals In Research And Testing, John Parascandola

New Directions in the Human-Animal Bond

Growing public interest in animal welfare issues in recent decades has prompted increased attention to the efforts to develop alternative, nonanimal methods for use in biomedical research and product testing. In A History of the Development of Alternatives to Animals in Research and Testing, the first book-length study of the subject, John Parascandola traces the history of the concept of alternatives to the use of animals in research and testing in Britain and the United States from its beginnings until it had become firmly established in the scientific and animal protection communities by the end of the 1980s. This …

Canine Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Evaluating Pgam5 And Heterobilharzia Americana, Priscilla Devora

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer in humans and domestic dogs. Despite extensive research, the mechanisms that drive HCC carcinogenesis and perpetuate cancer survival are incompletely understood in both species. The work described herein focused on finding similarities between canine and human HCC, which could be harnessed to benefit humans and dogs with cancer. The first aim was to investigate the expression of phosphoglycerate mutase 5 (PGAM5) in canine HCC. Upregulation of PGAM5 is a negative prognostic indicator in human HCC. Using archival formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples, we found that PGAM5 was overexpressed in canine HCC ( …

Growing South Dakota (Summer 2024), College Of Agriculture, Food And Environmental Sciences

Growing South Dakota (Publication of the College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences)

[Page] 2 Hayengas endow department head of animal science
[Page] 4 Reese named Klingbeil Endowed Educator
[Page] 5 SDSU Rodeo at Nationals
[Page] 6 Nwadike leading Department of Dairy and Food Science
[Page] 8 Hansen serving as 2024 Hobo Day Grand Pooba
[Page] 10 The scoop on the Davis Dairy Plant
[Page] 14 Research shows value in change
[Page] 16 Legacy of 'Yellow Ore, Yellow Hair, Yellow Pine'
[Page] 20 SDSU beef team grows
[Page] 22 SDSU Extension supporting local foods movement
[Page] 24 Bolstering rural child care needs
[Page] 26 Feeding kids great food
[Page] 27 Education Abroad takes …

The Hoof Inside Out: A Comprehensive Investigation About The Shoe Configuration Effects On The Behavior Of The Equine Hoof, Rita Aoun

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The equine hoof is a unique organ in biology that has intricate elastic properties. From simple protection to therapeutic and corrective measures, horseshoes are widely used in the equine industry. Various types of shoeing have been designed and used based on their unique targeted functions following hoof care. Shoes can modify the gait of the horse, affect the alignment of the distal joints, and alter stress and strains on specific hoof regions. The objective of this dissertation is to provide an overview of the available research on the existing methodology and literature on the effects of shoeing on equine gait …

Evaluation Of Surface Type And Time Of Day On Agility Course Performance, Arielle Pechette Markley, Nina R. Kieves, Linda Blake Rivas, Abigail B. Shoben

SKMC Student Presentations and Publications

INTRODUCTION: Canine agility competitions are performed on a variety of surfaces. In the equine and human literature, surface type has been associated with speed, performance, and injury risk. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of general surface type and time of day on calculated speed (yards per second over a measured course distance) and course performance during the UKI Agility International (UKI) U.S. Open. We hypothesized that surface type would affect calculated speed, with sand being the slowest.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data on course performance from the 2021 and 2022 events were obtained directly from UKI. …

Benefits Of Plant Pigment, Quercetin, For Fish And Prawn, Yos Adi Prakoso, Jasir Hakim Hidayah, Michael Richard Sanjaya, Agga Dhigayuka Pratama, Annisha Permata Nurul Azhar, Arya Surya Kuswanto, Berlian Ronaldi April, Intan Karisma Utami, Mahera Sandi Sasmita Putra, Maria Paulina Wukak, Naufal Farros Satria

Makara Journal of Science

Quercetin is an important phytochemical that belongs to the flavonoid group of plant pigments. It has potential benefits as an antioxidant, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory agent. However, the utilization of quercetin in aquaculture is not optimal. Hence, this study conducted a literature review to analyze the potential benefits of quercetin in aquaculture, especially for fish and prawn. Results showed that quercetin can be isolated from herbs using several methods, including sonication, maceration, and fractionation. Its amount in plants can be potentially determined using high-performance liquid chromatography and thin-layer chromatography. Some of the plants containing high quercetin levels include shallot, garlic, apple …

Symmetric Dimethylarginine In Dogs With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, Siwayu Rattanakanokchai, Numfa Fungbun, Ketmanee Senaphan, Supranee Jitpean, Trasida Ployngam

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) causes impaired kidney function in humans. However, this occurrence has not been well investigated in PAH dogs. Serum symmetrical dimethylarginine (SDMA) is one of the early biomarkers of kidney impairment. The present study aims to evaluate SDMA levels of first diagnosed PAH (n=14) compared with healthy dogs (n=12) and to analyze the correlation between SDMA levels and significant echocardiographic parameters of PAH dogs. The mean SDMA of PAH dogs was statistically higher than that of healthy dogs (P = 0.003), while the mean serum creatine level had no difference among groups (P = 0.456). Precapillary PAH …

Concepts In Animal Parasitology, Scott L. Gardner, Sue Ann Gardner

Zea E-Books Collection

Note that this version of the textbook has been superceded by the one updated in 2026, available at the UNL Pressbooks site.

The hard copy version that is for sale at lulu.com is the old version.

"This is a textbook covering concepts in animal parasitology. It is meant to be used by students, teachers, professors, researchers, and members of the public who are interested in learning about animal parasite biology, systematics, taxonomy, zoogeography, and ecology. The primary intended audience is upper-level undergraduate or graduate university students who have knowledge of basic biology and, particularly, basic animal biology. (863 pages, …

Histomorphological Evaluation Of Osteoreplacement With Germanium-Doped Calcium Phosphate Ceramics For Model Bone Defects In Rabbits, Tetiana Todosiuk, Mykhailo Rublenko, Valeriy Chemerovskiy, Nataliia Ulianchych, Volodymyr Kolomiiets

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

To give calcium phosphate ceramics osteoinductive properties, they are doped with silicon, germanium, zinc, and magnesium ions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of doped and undoped calcium phosphate ceramics on reparative osteogenesis in rabbits. Twenty-four California white rabbits, aged 3 months and weighing 2.5 kg each, were used for the study. The rabbits were divided equally into experimental (n=12) and control (n=12) groups. In the experimental group, defects were replaced with granules of germanium-doped hydroxyapatite ceramics (HA/β-TCP/l-Ge–700), while in the control group, defects were filled with granules of unalloyed ceramics (HA/β-TCP–700). Subsequently, clinical and histological …

Features Of Lying Behavior Of Gazella Marica Fawns In Semicaptive Conditions, Adi̇l Uztemur, Abdülkadi̇r Orman

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The lying behavior of Gazella marica fawns was investigated in the gazelle breeding station established to prevent the extinction of this species, whose numbers are decreasing continuously in the wild. There are significant differences between the lying duration in the bedding sites of different kinds (plant-based site, soil-based, side of a stone or rock). Gazella marica fawns were lying on one side of the body 50.23 min on average in the plant-based bed sites, 36.06 min in the soil-based places, and 38.14 min in the stone/ rock area. Gazella marica fawns from semicaptive conditions lied on one body side longer …

Application Of Some Artificial Intelligence Optimization Methods To Determine The Freshness Of Eggs, Hasan Alp Şahi̇n, Hasan Önder

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Egg quality, can be divided into two groups as internal and external, is evaluated using various methods whether breaking eggs. Image processing makes digital images usable for various purposes such as image compression, image editing, object recognition, face recognition, medical imaging, and many other areas such as the automotive industry. This study aimed to determine the freshness of eggs using different artificial intelligence optimization methods with image processing without breaking the eggs. Artificial neural networks (ANNs), artificial bee colony, particle swarm optimization, and genetic algorithms were compared using classification coefficients. As a result of the study, it was determined that …

Normal Thymus Evaluation Using Radiographs And Computed Tomographic Images In Young And Adult Dogs, Yoenhee Park, Sang-Kwon Lee, Sooyoung Choi, Hojung Choi, Youngwon Lee, Kija Lee

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The thymus generally presents as a sail-shaped soft-tissue opacity on thoracic radiographs in young, pre-pubescent dogs. After puberty, lymphatic tissue is replaced by adipose tissue and can usually no longer be identified on radiographs; however, thymic remnants have often been observed in adult dogs. The objective of this retrospective descriptive study was to investigate the incidence of thymic remnants using thoracic radiographs and to analyze the incidence in dogs by age, sex and breed. We analyzed the data from 1,464 dogs that underwent both thoracic ventrodorsal and right lateral radiography, of which 40 underwent both radiography and computed tomography (CT). …

Development Of Wireless Device Prototype For Measurement Of Rumen Ph And Temperature Continuously In Cattle, Piyanat Prasomsri, Apirak Tudsorn, Aekaluck Leklerdsiriwong, Chaidate Inchaisri, Siraphop Tooprakai

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study aims to develop a prototype rumen pH and rumen temperature measuring device for continuous measurement. The benefit is for the monitoring and early diagnosis of metabolic diseases in cattle, especially rumen acidosis and subacute ruminal acidosis. The developed prototype device was approximately 50 millimeters in diameter, 145 millimeters in length and weighed 400 grams. The outer structure of the prototype was made from abs plastic made by a 3D printer, while the internal device contained pH and temperature sensors, a microcontroller and battery. The prototype was placed in the ventral sac of the rumen of fistulated cattle for …

Qualitative Risk Analysis On Likelihood Of Foot And Mouth Disease (Fmd) Reintroduction In The Philippines Through The Importation Of Dairy Cattle From Fmd-Free Zones With Vaccination In Brazil, Emerson P. Tapdasan, Kenny Oriel A. Olana

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The potential of Girolando cattle from Brazil has generated much interest in the Philippines and the possibility of their importation to contribute to the latter’s dairy industry development has been raised. The most crucial issue that needs to be addressed is the probable introduction of exotic livestock diseases or pathogens of different strains like Foot-and-Mouth Disease virus (FMDv) which might destroy the Philippines’ livestock industry. This study involved only the work required to conduct a preliminary qualitative risk analysis (RA) on the likelihood of FMDv being reintroduced into the Philippines through the importation of Girolando cattle from FMD-free zones with …