Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

"Ode To Confidence": Poetry Groups For Dysarthria In Multiple Sclerosis, Rebecca Balchin, Deborah Hersh, Jamaica Grantis, Maddie Godfrey

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Purpose: Approximately 40–50% of people with multiple sclerosis (MS) have dysarthria impacting confidence in communication. This study explored how people with MS experienced a novel therapeutic approach combining dysarthria therapy with poetry in a group format. Method: Participants were recruited through MSWA (formerly known as the Multiple Sclerosis Society of Western Australia), a leading service provider for people living with all neurological conditions in Western Australia. They attended eight weekly sessions led by a speech pathologist and a professional poet. The study was co-designed and qualitative, using observational field notes recorded during sessions and semi-structured in-depth interviews with participants after …

The Rise Of Rapid Implementation: A Worked Example Of Solving An Existing Problem With A New Method By Combining Concept Analysis With A Systematic Integrative Review, James Smith, Frances Rapport, Tracey A. O'Brien, Stephanie Smith, Vanessa J. Tyrrell, Emily V.A Mould, Janet C. Long, Hossai Gul, Jeremy Cullis, Jeffrey Braithwaite

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background The concept of rapid implementation has emerged in the literature recently, but without a precise definition. Further exploration is required to distinguish the concept’s unique meanings and significance from the perspective of implementation science. The study clarifies the concept of rapid implementation and identifies its attributes, antecedents, and consequences. We present a theoretical definition of rapid implementation to clarify its unique meaning and characteristics. Methods Rodgers evolutionary concept analysis method, combined with a systematic integrative review, were used to clarify the concept of rapid implementation. A comprehensive search of four databases, including EMBASE, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and WEB OF SCIENCE …

Prevalence Of Somatic-Mental Multimorbidity And Its Prospective Association With Disability Among Older Adults In China, Haibin Li, Anxin Wang, Qi Gao, Xiaonan Wang, Yanxia Luo, Xinghua Yang, Xia Li, Wei Wang, Deqiang Zheng, Xiuhua Guo

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

We aimed to identify prevalent somatic-mental multimorbidity (SMM) and examine its prospective association with disability among a nationally representative sample. A total of 6728 participants aged 60 years and older in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were included. A total of 14 somatic or mental conditions were assessed in 2013. SMM was defined as any combination of two or more conditions in which at least one condition was somatic and at least one condition was mental. Disability risk was measured using the combined Activities of Daily Living (ADL)-Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) index (range 0–11; higher index …

Importance Of Vitamin D In The Antenatal Period For Maternal Well-Being, Gemma Jarvis, Sadie Geraghty

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Vitamin D deficiency is widely recognised as a major public health issue around the world; and is essential for optimal development and strengthening of the musculoskeletal system including the prevention of conditions such as osteoporosis, osteopenia and rickets. The association between vitamin D and childhood rickets has led to the fortification of food sources and consequently the eradication of the rickets disease. Vitamin D levels are of particular importance for pregnant women, especially for the development of the bone and muscle development of the fetus. In the last decade there has been a substantial increase in the incidence of vitamin …

Igg Glycosylation Profile And The Glycan Score Are Associated With Type 2 Diabetes In Independent Chinese Populations: A Case-Control Study, Zhiyuan Wu, Haibin Li, Di Liu, Lixin Tao, Jie Zhang, Baolu Liang, Xiangtong Liu, Xiaonan Wang, Xia Li, Youxin Wang, Wei Wang, Xiuhua Guo

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background. The relationship between the IgG glycan panel and type 2 diabetes remains unclear in Chinese population. We aimed to investigate the association of the IgG glycan profile and glycan score with type 2 diabetes. Methods. In the discovery population, 162 individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and 162 matched controls from Beijing health management cohort were included. We analyzed the IgG glycan profile and composed a glycan score for type 2 diabetes. Findings were validated in the replication population from Beijing Xuanwu community cohort (280 cases and 508 controls). Area under curve (AUC) using 10-fold and bootstrap validation, net …

Is Dietary Vitamin A Associated With Myopia From Adolescence To Young Adulthood?, Fletcher J. Ng, David A. Mackey, Therese A. O'Sullivan, Wendy H. Oddy, Seyhan Yazar

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Purpose: Potential links may exist between vitamin A intake and myopia via various pathways. In this study, we examined the association between dietary vitamin A intake during adolescence and myopia in early adulthood. Methods: We performed a prospective analysis utilizing data collected from participants of the Raine Study Gen2. Dietary vitamin A intake, determined via food frequency questionnaires completed at ages 14, 17, and 20 years, was compared with ophthalmic measurements collected at year 20. Low vitamin A levels were defined as <600 >µg/day. Regression models were used to adjust for ocular sun exposure level, educational level, and parental myopia as …

Docosahexaenoic Acid-Rich Fish Oil Supplementation Reduces Kinase Associated With Insulin Resistance In Overweight And Obese Midlife Adults, Rohith N. Thota, Jessica I. Rosato, Tracy L. Burrows, Cintia B. Dias, Kylie A. Abbott, Ralph N. Martins, Manohar L. Garg

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Targeting kinases linked to insulin resistance (IR) and inflammation may help in reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in its early stages. This study aimed to determine whether DHA-rich fish oil supplementation reduces glycogen synthase kinase (GSK-3), which is linked to both IR and AD. Baseline and post-intervention plasma samples from 58 adults with abdominal obesity (Age: 51.7 ± 1.7 years, BMI: 31.9 ± 0.8 kg/m2) were analysed for outcome measures. Participants were allocated to 2 g DHA-rich fish oil capsules (860 mg DHA + 120 mg EPA) (n = 31) or placebo capsules …

Absolute And Relative Strength, Power And Physiological Characteristics Of Indian Junior National-Level Judokas, Dale M. Harris, Kristina Kendall, G. Gregory Haff, Christopher Latella

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The physical qualities that underpin successful junior judokas requires continuing investigation. We investigated the physical and physiological characteristics of junior national level judokas. We tested 25 (15 male, 10 female) Indian judokas for absolute and relative strength (back-squat and bench-press one-repetition maximum (1RM) as well as isometric handgrip), aerobic (RAMP test) and lower-body anaerobic power (Wingate 6-s sprint and countermovement jump), change-of-direction (5-0-5 test) and speed (30 m sprint). Athletes were grouped according to national-level competition placing (gold-medal winners (GM; n = 8), all medal winners (MW; n = 13), non-medallists (NM; n = 12), and NM plus silver and …

The Acute Effects Of Whole Body Vibration On Isometric Mid-Thigh Pull Performance, W. Guy Hornsby, Mark A. South, Jason D. Stone, Hugh S. Lamont, G. Gregory Haff, Michael H. Stone

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the acute effects of whole body vibration (WBV) on isometric mid-thigh pull force–time curve (FTC) characteristics. Eleven recreationally trained subjects were randomly assigned to three treatment conditions: sham no vibration protocol (T1), vibration protocol 30 Hz 2–4 mm amplitude (T2), and vibration protocol 30 Hz 2–4 mm (T3). After completing a standardized warm-up, the subject stood on a vibration platform with the knee at a 120° angle and performed one of the three interventions. Each treatment condition required the subject to stand on the platform for thirty-second treatments, each separated by …

The Study Protocol For A Pseudo-Randomised Pre-Post Designed Controlled Intervention Trial To Study The Effects Of A 7-Week Cooking Program On Self-Efficacy And Biomarkers Of Health: The Ecu Lifestyle And Biomarkers Get Connected Study (Eculabjmof) Including The Jamie’S Ministry Of Food Wa Participant Experience, Joanna Rees, Claus C. Christophersen, Joshua R. Lewis, Johnny Lo, Ros Sambell, Leesa Costello, Cailyn Walker, Matt F. Byrne, Mary C. Boyce, Robert U. Newton, Amanda Devine

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Australia, like other nations, has experienced a shift in dietary patterns away from home cooking of nutritious foods, towards a reliance on pre-prepared convenience meals. These are typically energy-dense, nutrient-poor and contribute to the rising prevalence of obesity and chronic disease burden. The aims of this study were to evaluate whether a community-based cooking program instigated a change to participants’ skills, attitudes, knowledge, enjoyment and satisfaction of cooking and cooking confidence (self-efficacy). Methods: The pseudo-random, pre-post study design consisted of an intervention and a control group. Participant recruitment and group allocation was based on their program start dates. Intervention …

Informing Retention In Longitudinal Cohort Studies Through A Social Marketing Lens: Raine Study Generation 2 Participants’ Perspectives On Benefits And Barriers To Participation, Leesa Costello, Julie Dare, Manon Dontje, Leon Straker

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background

Longitudinal cohort studies have made significant contributions to medical discoveries and provide the impetus for health interventions which reduce the risk of disease. Establishing and maintaining these cohorts is challenging and costly. While some attrition is unavoidable, maintaining a sufficient number of participants ensures that results remain representative and free from bias. Numerous studies have investigated ways to reduce attrition but few studies have sought to understand the experience of participants, and none have examined this through a social marketing framework. This first paper in a two part-series describes participants’ experiences according to: benefits, barriers, motivators and influencers. The …

Exploring The Role Of Goal Setting In Weight Loss For Adults Recently Diagnosed With Pre-Diabetes, Lisa Whitehead, Courtney C. Glass, Sally L. Abel, Kiri Sharp, Kirsten Coppell

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background

The management of prediabetes in the community setting is a global priority. We evaluated the feasibility of a 6-month multilevel practice nurse-led prediabetes dietary intervention which involved goal setting. The aim of this paper is to explore the weight loss goals and strategies reported by participants to achieve their weight loss goals as recorded by practice nurses, and report on factors that influenced dietary behaviours.

Methods

This study used a convergent mixed-methods design. A six-month pragmatic non-randomised pilot study with a qualitative process evaluation was conducted in two neighbouring provincial cities in New Zealand. A structured dietary intervention delivered …

Tropomyosin Autoantibodies Associated With Checkpoint Inhibitor Myositis, Pauline Zaenker, David Prentice, Melanie Ziman

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background

Treatment plan adherence is recognized as a worldwide health issue, particularly important in the management of cardiovascular patients. Healthcare professionals are the primary sources of information and support for people diagnosed with CVD and those who have experienced a cardiac event, yet we know little about how healthcare professionals contribute to the process of adherence to treatment plans that aim to prevent and/or reduce disease and adverse events. Qualitative evidence that explores factors that influence adherence to treatment plans is limited.

Objective

This systematic review identified and synthesised the best available evidence on factors that influence adherence to treatment …

The Creation Of Goal Scoring Opportunities At The 2015 Women’S World Cup, Mark Scanlan, Craig Harms, Jodie Cochrane Wilkie, Fadi Ma’Ayah

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Women’s international football is growing in terms of popularity, but to date there is limited published research in women’s football and even less that describes effective attacking strategies and the creation of goal scoring opportunities (GSO). The purpose of this research was to investigate and assess the factors related to the creation of GSO that led to a Top 4 position Canada Women’s World Cup 2015. Video footage of each match (n = 52) from the Women’s World Cup (Canada 2015) was analysed using SportsCode Software. The results revealed that the middle third of the pitch was the most effective …

The Relationship Between Lifestyle And Serum Neurofilament Light Protein In Huntington’S Disease, Travis Cruickshank, Danielle Bartlett, Andrew Govus, Anthony Hannan, Wei-Peng Teo, Sarah Mason, Johnny Lo, Mel Ziman

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Objectives: Serum neurofilament light protein (NfL) is a promising marker of disease onset and progression in Huntington's disease (HD). This study investigated associations between lifestyle factors and NfL levels in HD mutation carriers compared to healthy age- and sex-matched controls. Materials and Methods: Participants included 29 HD mutation carriers and 15 healthy controls. Associations between serum NfL concentrations and lifestyle factors, including cardiorespiratory fitness, social network size and diversity, physical activity, cognitive reserve, smoking status, and alcohol consumption, were examined using a stepwise multivariable linear regression model. Results: Higher NfL levels were associated with lower cognitive reserve, social network size …

Long-Term Strength Adaptation: A 15-Year Analysis Of Powerlifting Athletes, Christopher Latella, Wei-Peng Teo, Jemima Spathis, Daniel Van Den Hoek

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Strength is a fundamental component of athletic performance and development. This investigation examined the long-term strength development of powerlifting (PL) athletes. The rate of strength gain/day was assessed in 1897 PL athletes (F = 626, M = 1,271) over a 15-year period (2003–2018). Independent T-tests explored sex differences in baseline absolute (kg) and relative strength (kg·body mass⁻¹ [bm]) recorded from the first competition, and strength gain/day (kg·d⁻¹). Analyses based on initial strength quartiles were conducted using one-way analysis of variances with significance set at p < 0.05. Bivariate correlational analysis tested for relationships between strength gain/day and baseline strength, the number of competitions, and mean days between competitions. Males had greater absolute (M: 513.3 ± 99.8 kg, F: 289.4 ± 55.7 kg, p < 0.001) and relative (M: 5.89 ± 1.04 kg·bm⁻¹, F: 4.27 ± 0.85 kg·bm⁻¹, p < 0.001) strength at baseline. Overall, strength gain/day (F: 0.12 ± 0.69 kg·d^{−1 …}

Chronic Stress Influences Nociceptive Sensitivity Of Female Rats In An Estrous Cycle-Dependent Manner, Chun-Xiao Yang, Yi Wang, Qi Lu, Yan-Na Lian, Enoch Odame Anto, Ying Zhang, Wei Wang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Exposure to chronic stress can influence nociception and further induce hyperalgesia. Whether stress modulation of pain in female animals occurs in an estrous cycle-specific manner is still unclear. We profiled the changes in nociception (thermal, mechanical, formalin-evoked acute and inflammatory pain) of female Sprague-Dawley rats after treatment with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) and investigated whether these changes occur in an estrous cycle-dependent manner. The results showed that CUMS female rats exhibited a lower mechanical withdrawal threshold in proestrus and estrus, a longer formalin-evoked licking time in metestrus and diestrus, but no changes in the latency time on the tail-flick …

Cost-Effectiveness Of An Environmental Cleaning Bundle For Reducing Healthcare-Associated Infections, Nicole M. White, Adrian G. Barnett, Lisa Hall, Brett G. Mitchell, Alison Farrington, Kate Halton, David L. Paterson, Thomas V. Riley, Anne Gardner, Katie Page, Christian A. Gericke, Nicolas Graves

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) remain a significant patient safety issue, with point prevalence estimates being ~5% in high-income countries. In 2016–2017, the Researching Effective Approaches to Cleaning in Hospitals (REACH) study implemented an environmental cleaning bundle targeting communication, staff training, improved cleaning technique, product use, and audit of frequent touch-point cleaning. This study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of the environmental cleaning bundle for reducing the incidence of HAIs. Methods: A stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized trial was conducted in 11 hospitals recruited from 6 Australian states and territories. Bundle effectiveness was measured by the numbers of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia, Clostridium difficile infection, and vancomycin-resistant …

Aboriginal People With Chronic Hcv: The Role Of Community Health Nurses For Improving Health-Related Quality Of Life, Amineh Rashidi, Peter Higgs, Susan Carruthers

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Introduction: There is a lack of knowledge about Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQL) of Aboriginal Australians with self-reported hepatitis C infection in Western Australia. This marginalised group of people is disproportionally affected by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) for which there is no preventative vaccine. This study provides data that help understand the long-term consequences of living with HCV infection within the Aboriginal community. It outlines opportunities for nursing interventions for hepatitis care that focus on supporting mental health and drug and alcohol issues within this population. Methods: We surveyed 123 Aboriginal people living with HCV in a community setting. …

Dietary Inflammatory Index And The Aging Kidney In Older Women: A 10‑Year Prospective Cohort Study, Nicola P. Bondonno, Lauren Blekkenhorst, Anna L. Bird, Joshua R. Lewis, Johnathan M. Hodgson, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hebert, Richard J. Woodman, Germaine Wong, Deborah A. Kerr, Wai H. Lim, Richard L. Prince

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Purpose: Chronic inflammation plays a role in the pathogenesis of age-related renal disease and the diet can moderate systemic inflammation. The primary objective of this study was to examine the associations between a dietary inflammatory index ( DII®) score and renal function, the trajectory of renal function decline, and renal disease-related hospitalizations and/or mortality over 10 years. Methods: The study was conducted in 1422 Western Australian women without prevalent chronic kidney disease and aged ≥ 70 years. Baseline dietary data, obtained from a validated food frequency questionnaire, were used to calculate a DII score for each individual. Results: In this …

Can We Predict Expected Adenoma Weight Preoperatively With Reference To The Correlation Of Preoperative Biochemical Tests With Parathyroid Adenoma Weight?, David Chee Weng Leong, Johnny Lo, Hieu Nguyen, Simon Ryan

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism is a prevalent disease with proven benefits for appropriately selected patients who undergo parathyroidectomy. The ability to accurately predict expected single adenoma gland weight as the cause based on preoperative biochemical tests could improve cure rates in a minimally invasive approach. Objective: To assess the correlation between parathyroid weight and preoperative parathyroid hormone and calcium levels in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism with a solitary adenoma and determine if these could be used to predict expected parathyroid weight. Methods: Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism who underwent curative parathyroidectomy from 2013 to 2018 was retrospectively analysed. Results: There is a …

Causal Association Of Circulating Cholesterol Levels With Dementia: A Mendelian Randomization Meta-Analysis, Xiaoyu Zhang, Qiuyue Tian, Di Liu, Tao Geng, Xizhu Xu, Siqi Ge, Deqiang Zheng, Lijuan Wu, Manshu Song, Haifeng Hou, Wei Wang, Youxin Wang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Prospective studies have shown that abnormally circulating cholesterol is associated with the risk of dementia. However, whether the association is causal or not remains unclear. We attempt to infer the causal association in a MR meta-analysis by using ApoE gene polymorphisms as instrument variables. Studies with dementia risk (27 studies) or circulating lipid levels (7 studies) were included, with totally 3136 dementia patients and 3103 healthy controls. The analyses showed that carriers of ε2 allele significantly were of decreased risk of AD (OR = 0.70; 95% CI: 0.58–0.84; P < 0.01), whereas carriers of ε4 allele were of increased risk of AD (OR = 3.62; 95% CI: 3.03–4.32; P < 0.05), compared to these of ε3 allele. Circulating TC was significantly reduced in carriers of ε2 allele (WMD = − 0.29 mmol/L; 95% CI: −0.54 to −0.03; P < 0.05) and increased in carriers of ε4 allele (WMD = 0.42 mmol/l; 95% CI: 0.001–0.84; P < 0.05). In addition, carriers of ε4 allele had reduction in circulating HDL-C (WMD = − 0.04 mmol/L; 95% CI: − 0.07 to −0.001; P < 0.05). In comparing allele ε2 with ε3, the predicted OR of having AD for 1 mg/dL increment in circulating TC was 0.97 (95% CI: 0.86–0.98; P < 0.05). Comparing allele ε4 with ε3, the predicted OR for a 1 mg/dL increment in TC was 1.08 (95% CI: 1.05–17.58; P < 0.05), and reduction in HDL-C was 2.30 (95% CI: 1.51–43.99; P < 0.05). Our findings demonstrate that high circulating TC and reduced HDL-C levels might be potential risk factors of the development of AD.

Population-Based Case-Control Study Revealed Metabolomic Biomarkers Of Suboptimal Health Status In Chinese Population—Potential Utility For Innovative Approach By Predictive, Preventive, And Personalized Medicine, Hao Wang, Qiuyue Tian, Jie Zhang, Hongqi Liu, Xiaoyu Zhang, Weijie Cao, Jinxia Zhang, Enoch Odame Anto, Xingang Li, Xueqing Wang, Di Liu, Yulu Zheng, Zheng Guo, Lijuan Wu, Manshu Song, Youxin Wang, Wei Wang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Suboptimal health status (SHS) is a subclinical stage of chronic diseases, and the identification of SHS provides an opportunity for the predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM) of chronic diseases. Previous studies have reported the associations between metabolic signatures and early signs of chronic diseases. Methods: This study aimed to detect the metabolic biomarkers for the identification of SHS in a case-control study. SHS questionnaire-25 (SHSQ-25) was used in a population-based health survey to measure the SHS levels of participants. The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics analysis was conducted on plasma samples collected from 50 SHS participants and 50 …

Cyp1a2 Genotype And Acute Effects Of Caffeine On Resistance Exercise, Jumping, And Sprinting Performance, Jozo Grgic, Craig Pickering, David J. Bishop, Brad J. Schoenfeld, Pavle Mikulic, Zeljko Pedisic

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: It has been suggested that polymorphisms within CYP1A2 impact inter-individual variation in the response to caffeine. The purpose of this study was to explore the acute effects of caffeine on resistance exercise, jumping, and sprinting performance in a sample of resistance-trained men, and to examine the influence of genetic variation of CYP1A2 (rs762551) on the individual variation in responses to caffeine ingestion. Methods: Twenty-two men were included as participants (AA homozygotes n = 13; C-allele carriers n = 9) and were tested after the ingestion of caffeine (3 mg/kg of body mass) and a placebo. Exercise performance was assessed …

The Gut Microbiota, Environmental Factors, And Links To The Development Of Food Allergy, Khui Hung Lee, Yong Song, Weidong Wu, Kan Yu, Guicheng Zhang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Food allergy appears to have its roots in an insufficient exposure to a diverse range of environmental microbiota during early life. Microbial exposure ensures the colonization of the gastrointestinal tract with commensal microbes, which is necessary for the induction of a balanced and tolerogenic immune function. High-throughput sequencing technology has facilitated in-depth studies of the gut microbiota as well as bacterial-derived metabolites. Although the role of the microbiota in allergies is now widely studied, its importance for food allergy was only recently noted. Studies in human cohorts have shown that there is an association of dysbiosis and pathogenesis of food …

Elecsys Csf Biomarker Immunoassays Demonstrate Concordance With Amyloid-Pet Imaging, James A. Doecke, Larry Ward, Samantha C. Burnham, Victor L. Villemagne, Qiao-Xin Li, Steven Collins, Christopher J. Fowler, Ekaterina Manuilova, Monika Widmann, Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith, Ralph N. Martins, Colin L. Masters, Aibl Research Group

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: β-amyloid (Aβ) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging is currently the only Food and Drug Administration-approved method to support clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, numerous research studies support the use of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers, as a cost-efficient, quick and equally valid method to define AD pathology. Methods: Using automated Elecsys® assays (Roche Diagnostics) for Aβ (1-42) (Aβ42), Aβ (1-40) (Aβ40), total tau (tTau) and phosphorylated tau (181P) (pTau), we examined CSF samples from 202 participants of the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) study of ageing cohort, to demonstrate the concordance with pathological AD via PET imaging. …

Should The Pbl Tutor Be Present? A Cross-Sectional Study Of Group Effectiveness In Synchronous And Asynchronous Settings, Samuel Edelbring, Siw Alehagen, Evalotte Mörelius, Annakarin Johansson, Patrik Rytterström

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: The tutorial group and its dynamics are a cornerstone of problem-based learning (PBL). The tutor's support varies according to the setting, and it is pertinent to explore group effectiveness in relation to different settings, for example online or campus-based. The PBL groups' effectiveness can partly be assessed in terms of cognitive and motivational aspects, using a self-report tool to measure PBL group effectiveness, the Tutorial Group Effectiveness Instrument (TGEI). This study's aim was to explore tutor participation in variations of online and campus-based tutorial groups in relation to group effectiveness. A secondary aim was to validate a tool for …

The Effect Of Sleep Restriction, With Or Without High-Intensity Interval Exercise, On Myofibrillar Protein Synthesis In Healthy Young Men, Nicholas J. Saner, Matthew J. -C. Lee, Nathan W. Pitchford, Jujiao Kuang, Gregory D. Roach, Andrew Garnham, Tanner Stokes, Stuart M. Phillips, David J. Bishop, Jonathan D. Bartlett

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Key points: Sleep restriction has previously been associated with the loss of muscle mass in both human and animal models. The rate of myofibrillar protein synthesis (MyoPS) is a key variable in regulating skeletal muscle mass and can be increased by performing high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE), although the effect of sleep restriction on MyoPS is unknown. In the present study, we demonstrate that participants undergoing a sleep restriction protocol (five nights, with 4 h in bed each night) had lower rates of skeletal muscle MyoPS; however, rates of MyoPS were maintained at control levels by performing HIIE during this period. …

Definitions, Sources And Self-Reported Consumption Of Regionally Grown Fruits And Vegetables In Two Regions Of Australia, Katherine Kent, Stephanie Godrich, Sandra Murray, Stuart Auckland, Lauren Blekkenhorst, Beth Penrose, Johnny Lo, Amanda Devine

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Regional food systems are complex networks, with numerous retail sources that underpin a local economy. However, evidence is limited regarding how consumers define, identify, and source regionally grown fresh fruits and vegetables (RGFFV). A cross-sectional study was conducted in Tasmania (TAS) and South Western Australia (SWA) to compare how RGFFV are defined, identified and sourced by consumers, including self-reported consumption of selected RGFFV. Survey data were analyzed using the Chi-square test and t-tests. Results (TAS n = 120, SWA n = 123) identified that consumers had mixed perceptions of how RGFFV are defined, including produce sold at farmers markets, or …

A Comparative Study Of Extracellular Vesicle-Associated And Cell-Free Dna And Rna For Hpv Detection In Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Bella Nguyen, Katie Meehan, Michelle R. Pereira, Bob Mirzai, Si Hong Lim, Connull Leslie, Michael Clark, Chady Sader, Peter Friedland, Andrew Lindsay, Colin Tang, Michael Milward, Elin S. Gray, Annette M. Lim

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Purpose: This study compares the detection sensitivity of two separate liquid biopsy sources, cell-free (cf) DNA/RNA and extracellular vesicle (EV)-associated DNA/RNA (EV-DNA/RNA), to identify circulating Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) DNA/RNA in plasma obtained from patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPCSCC). We also report on the longitudinal changes observed in HPV-DNA levels in response to treatment. Experimental design: A prospective study was conducted that included 22 patients with locally advanced disease and six patients with metastatic OPCSCC. Twenty-three patients had HPV-related OPCSCC defined by p16 immunohistochemistry. Levels of circulating HPV-DNA and HPV-RNA from plasma-derived cf-DNA/RNA and EV-DNA/RNA were quantified using …