Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Association Between Telomere Length In Peripheral Blood Leukocytes And Risk Of Ischemic Stroke In A Han Chinese Population: A Linear And Non‑Linear Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Weijie Cao, Deqiang Zheng, Jie Zhang, Anxin Wang, Di Liu, Jinxia Zhang, Manjot Singh, Isinta Elijah Maranga, Mingyang Cao, Lijuan Wu, Manshu Song, Wei Wang, Youxin Wang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Many contradictory conclusions pertaining to the telomere length in peripheral leukocyte chromosomes as a potential biomarker for ischemic stroke (IS) risk have been reported by the various observational studies in previous years. This study aims to investigate whether the leukocyte telomere length is associated with an increased IS risk or not, based on the Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Methods: Based on the NHGRI-EBI GWAS Catalog database, the Chinese online genetic database as well as the previous published studies, twelve single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with minor allele frequency ≥ 0.05 were selected and the leukocyte telomere length was measured in …

Cochrane Corner Summary Of Review Titled: “Peer Support For People With Schizophrenia Or Other Serious Mental Illness”, Beverley Ewens, Amanda Barnard-Towell, Sheila Mortimer-Jones, Vivien Kemp, Amanda Cole

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Serious mental illnesses affect how people feel, think, and behave, and frequently contribute to disability in psychosocial and occupational functioning and quality of life (American Psychiatric Association 2015; Harvey & Strassnig, 2012; Mohamed et al., 2008). Psychosocial interventions designed to support people with schizophrenia and their families have shown to improve the person’s rehabilitation, reintegration into the community, and recovery (The National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health, 2009; Pharoah et al., 2012). Peer workers are defined as individuals with lived experience of mental illness (Aguey-Zinsou et al., 2018), with peer support principles based on shared responsibility and mutual respect (Mead …

Cardiovascular Health In China: Low Level Vs High Diversity, Wei Wang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

No abstract provided.

Fatigue-Related Feedback From Calf Muscles Impairs Knee Extensor Voluntary Activation, Harrison T. Finn, David S. Kennedy, Simon Green, Janet L. Taylor

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

INTRODUCTION:

Fatigue-related group III/IV muscle afferent firing from agonist, antagonist or distal muscles impairs the ability to drive the elbow flexors maximally, that is, reduces voluntary activation. In the lower limb, the effect of feedback from distal muscles on the proximal knee extensors is unknown. Here, we test whether maintained group III/IV afferent feedback from the plantarflexor muscles reduces voluntary activation of the knee extensors.

METHODS:

On 2 d, voluntary activation of the knee extensors during maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs) was assessed in 12 participants before and after a 3-min fatiguing task of the plantarflexors. On 1 d, an inflatable …

Effects Of An 8-Week Resistance Training Intervention On Plantar Flexor Muscle Quality And Functional Capacity In Older Women: A Randomised Controlled Trial, Pedro Lopez, Brendan James Crosby, Bruna Patrícia Robetti, Douglas Jean Preussler Turella, Thaís Andréia Schepa Weber, Morgana Lima De Oliveira, Anderson Rech

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 The present study examined 8 weeks of resistance training and its effects on muscle quality measures, plantar flexor muscle strength, muscle thickness and functional capacity in older women. Moreover, we tested if changes in muscle quality were associated with functional capacity. Twenty-four older women (66.3 ± 5.8 years; 69.0 ± 3.0 kg; 25.3 ± 1.4 kg·m−2) were recruited to the study. After completion of the baseline assessment, participants were randomly assigned to either the resistance training (RET, n = 12) or an active control group (CTR, n = 12). Muscle quality was evaluated through muscle echo intensity (MQEI) …

Postgraduate Nurse Education And The Implications For Nurse And Patient Outcomes: A Systematic Review, Ma'en Zaid Abu-Qamar, Caroline Vafeas, Beverley Ewens, Manonita Ghosh, Deborah Sundin

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 Elsevier Ltd Objectives: To synthesise the current evidence of the implications of postgraduate nursing qualifications on patient and nurse outcomes. Design: A systematic review. Data sources: Primary research findings. Review methods: A systematic search following PRISMA guidelines and the Joanna Briggs Institute's framework was conducted. A structured and comprehensive search of three electronic databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, search engine Google Scholar, and a manual-search of reference lists was undertaken. The search was limited to articles in English between 2000 and 2019. The combined search yielded 3710 records. Search records were exported to EndNote X8 and duplicates were removed. …

Associations Between Social And Intellectual Activities With Cognitive Trajectories In Chinese Middle-Aged And Older Adults: A Nationally Representative Cohort Study, Haibin Li, Changwei Li, Anxin Wang, Yanling Qi, Wei Feng, Chengbei Hou, Lixin Tao, Xiangtong Liu, Xia Li, Wei Wang, Deqiang Zheng, Xiuhua Guo

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

BACKGROUND: Associations between the frequency of social and intellectual activities and cognitive trajectories are understudied in Chinese middle-aged and older adults. We aimed to examine this association in a nationally representative longitudinal study. METHODS: The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) is a nationally representative sample of Chinese middle-aged and older participants. The frequency of social and intellectual activities was measured at baseline. Interview-based cognitive assessments of orientation and attention, episodic memory, and visuospatial skills and the calculation of combined global scores were assessed every 2 years from 2011 to 2016. Cognitive aging trajectories over time were analyzed using …

Otud4 Enhances Tgfβ Signalling Through Regulation Of The Tgfβ Receptor Complex, Patrick William Jaynes, Prasanna Vasudevan Iyengar, Sarah Kit Leng Lui, Tuan Zea Tan, Natali Vasilevski, Sarah Christine Elizabeth Wright, Giuseppe Verdile, Anand D. Jeyasekharan, Pieter Johan Adam Eichhorn

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020, The Author(s). Systematic control of the transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) pathway is essential to keep the amplitude and the intensity of downstream signalling at appropriate levels. Ubiquitination plays a crucial role in the general regulation of this pathway. Here we identify the deubiquitinating enzyme OTUD4 as a transcriptional target of the TGFβ pathway that functions through a positive feedback loop to enhance overall TGFβ activity. Interestingly we demonstrate that OTUD4 functions through both catalytically dependent and independent mechanisms to regulate TGFβ activity. Specifically, we find that OTUD4 enhances TGFβ signalling by promoting the membrane presence of TGFβ receptor …

Risk Prediction Of Late-Onset Alzheimer’S Disease Implies An Oligogenic Architecture, Qian Zhang, Julia Sidorenko, Baptiste Couvy-Duchesne, Riccardo E. Marioni, Margaret J. Wright, Alison M. Goate, Edoardo Marcora, Kuan-Lin Huang, Tenielle Porter, Simon M. Laws, Perminder S. Sachdev, Karen A. Mather, Nicola J. Armstrong, Anbupalam Thalamuthu, Henry Brodaty, Loic Yengo, Jian Yeng, Naomi R. Wray Robertson, Allan F. Mcrae, Peter M. Visscher, Steven Collins, Christine Thai, Brett Trounson, Kate Lennon, Qiao Xin Li, Fernanda Yevenes Ugarte, Irene Volitakis, Michael Vovos, Australian Imaging Biomarkers And Lifestyle

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020, The Author(s). Genetic association studies have identified 44 common genome-wide significant risk loci for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD). However, LOAD genetic architecture and prediction are unclear. Here we estimate the optimal P-threshold (Poptimal) of a genetic risk score (GRS) for prediction of LOAD in three independent datasets comprising 676 cases and 35,675 family history proxy cases. We show that the discriminative ability of GRS in LOAD prediction is maximised when selecting a small number of SNPs. Both simulation results and direct estimation indicate that the number of causal common SNPs for LOAD may be less than 100, suggesting …

Age And Apoe Genotype Affect The Relationship Between Objectively Measured Physical Activity And Power In The Alpha Band, A Marker Of Brain Disease, Jaisalmer De Frutos-Lucas, Pablo Cuesta, Federico Ramírez-Toraño, Alberto Nebreda, Esther Cuadrado-Soto, África Peral-Suárez, David Lopez-Sanz, Ricardo Bruña, Silvia Marcos-De Pedro, María Luisa Delgado-Losada, Ana María López-Sobaler, Inmaculada Concepción Rodríguez-Rojo, Ana Barabash, Juan Manuel Serrano Rodriguez, Simon M. Laws, Alberto Marcos Dolado, Ramón López-Higes, Belinda M. Brown, Fernando Maestú

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

BACKGROUND: Electrophysiological studies show that reductions in power within the alpha band are associated with the Alzheimer's disease (AD) continuum. Physical activity (PA) is a protective factor that has proved to reduce AD risk and pathological brain burden. Previous research has confirmed that exercise increases power in the alpha range. However, little is known regarding whether other non-modifiable risk factors for AD, such as increased age or APOE ε4 carriage, alter the association between PA and power in the alpha band. METHODS: The relationship between PA and alpha band power was examined in a sample of 113 healthy adults using …

Arthropathy In Hereditary Haemochromatosis Segregates With Elevated Erythrocyte Mean Corpuscular Volume, A. Rehman, G. J. Carroll, L. W. Powell, L. E. Ramm, G. A. Ramm, John K. Olynyk

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 Informa Healthcare on license from Scandinavian Rheumatology Research Foundation. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between erythrocyte parameters and the presence or absence of arthritis in HFE C282Y homozygous hereditary haemochromatosis (HH) subjects compared to control groups of non-HH subjects with arthritis. Method: Erythrocyte and arthritis parameters [mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean cell haemoglobin (MCH)] were obtained from consecutive HH subjects (n = 119) who were referred for initial evaluation and management. For comparison, MCV and MCH values were collected from randomly selected non-HH subjects with rheumatoid arthritis (n = 100) and osteoarthritis (n = 100), consisting of …

A Pilot Evaluation Of Simulation-Based Interprofessional Education For Occupational Therapy, Speech Pathology And Dietetic Students: Improvements In Attitudes And Confidence, Brennen Mills, Sara Hansen, Charn Nang, Helen Mcdonald, Philippa Lyons-Wall, Jacqui Hunt, Therese O’Sullivan

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Many higher education institutions struggle to provide interprofessional practice opportunities for their pre-licensure students due to demanding workloads, difficulties with timetabling, and problems with sourcing suitable placements that provide appropriate practice opportunities. A series of complex unfolding video-based simulation scenarios involving a patient who had experienced a stroke was utilized as a case study for a three-hour interprofessional practice workshop. 69 occupational therapy (OT), speech pathology (SP) and dietetics (DT) students participated in a mixed-methods study comparing interprofessional attitudes before and after the workshop. Attitudes toward interprofessional practice improved pre- vs. post-workshop and overall. Students were highly satisfied with the …

Voluntary Exercise In Mesothelioma: Effects On Tumour Growth And Treatment Response In A Murine Model, Scott A. Fisher, Carolyn J. Peddle-Mcintyre, Kimberley Burton, Robert U. Newton, Elly Marcq, Richard A. Lake, Anna K. Nowak

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

OBJECTIVE: There is substantial evidence that exercise can safely reduce the risk of cancer and improve survival in different human cancer populations. Long latency periods associated with carcinogen-induced cancers like asbestos induced mesothelioma provide an opportunity to implement exercise as an intervention to delay or prevent disease development. However, there are limited studies investigating the ability of exercise to prevent or delay cancer, and exercise as a preventive strategy has never been assessed in models with a known carcinogen. We investigated the potential of voluntary exercise (VE) to delay development of asbestos related disease (ARD) in our well-characterised, asbestos induced …

Prevalence Of Motor Impairment In Residents Of New South Wales, Australia Aged 55 Years And Over: Cross-Sectional Survey Of The 45 And Up Cohort, R. D. Herbert, Janet L. Taylor, S. R. Lord, S. C. Gandevia

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

BACKGROUND: The population prevalence of many diseases is known. However, little is known of the population prevalence of motor impairments. METHODS: The aim of this study was to determine the point prevalence of specific motor impairments (weakness, fatigue, contracture, impaired balance and impaired coordination) in the population aged 55 years and older resident in New South Wales, Australia in 2018. 55,210 members of the 45 and Up cohort were invited to participate in a follow-up survey that included questions on motor impairment. Responses were received from 20,141 people (36%). Calibrated estimates of prevalence of specific motor impairments, and of having …

Human Respiratory And Gut Microbiomes - Do They Really Contribute To Respiratory Health?, Juliana Durack, Claus T. Christophersen

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© Copyright © 2020 Durack and Christophersen. Human gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts are colonized by diverse polymicrobial communities shortly after birth, which are continuously molded by environmental exposure. The development of the resident microbiota in early life is a critical factor in the maturation of a healthy immune system. Disturbances to the intricate relationship between environmental exposure and maturation of the infant microbiome have been increasingly identified as a potential contributor to a range of childhood diseases. This review details recent evidence that implicates the contribution of gut and airway microbiome to pediatric respiratory health.

Childcare Food Provision Recommendations Vary Across Australia: Jurisdictional Comparison And Nutrition Expert Perspectives, Alison Spence, Penelope Love, Rebecca Byrne, Amy Wakem, Louisa Matwiejczyk, Amanda Devine, Rebecca Golley, Ros Sambell

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Early childhood is a critical stage for nutrition promotion, and childcare settings have the potential for wide-reaching impact on food intake. There are currently no Australian national guidelines for childcare food provision, and the comparability of existing guidelines across jurisdictions is unknown. This project aimed to map and compare childcare food provision guidelines and to explore perspectives amongst early childhood nutrition experts for alignment of jurisdictional childcare food provision guidelines with the Australian Dietary Guidelines (ADG). A desktop review was conducted and formed the basis of an online survey. A national …

Glycomics: Immunoglobulin Gn-Glycosylation Associated With Mammary Gland Hyperplasia In Women, Zixiu Meng, Cancan Li, Guoyong Ding, Weijie Cao, Xizhu Xu, Yuanyuan Heng, Yang Deng, Yuejin Li, Xiaoyu Zhang, Dong Li, Wei Wang, Youxin Wang, Weijia Xing, Haifeng Hou

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Mammary gland hyperplasia (MGH) is very common, especially among young and middle-aged women. New diagnostics and biomarkers for MGH are needed for rational clinical management and precision medicine. We report, in this study, new findings using a glycomics approach, with a focus on immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycosylation. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a community-based population sample in Beijing, China. A total of 387 participants 40-65 years of age were enrolled in this study, including 194 women with MGH (cases) and 193 women who had no MGH (controls). IgG N-glycans were characterized in the serum by ultra-performance liquid chromatography. The …

Factors Associated With Stunting And Wasting In Children Under 2 Years In Bangladesh, Tuhinur Rahman Chowdhury, Sayan Chakrabarty, Muntaha Rakib, Sabiha Afrin, Sue Saltmarsh, Stephen Winn

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 Child undernutrition has been a major concern for Bangladesh as it is amongst the highest stunting and wasting prevalent countries in the world. The objective of our study was to explore the socioeconomic determinants of stunting and wasting in children under two years. This study explored nationally representative sample of 7,230 children ranging in age from 0 to < 24 months using two separate binary logistic regression models to determine the risk factors associated with child stunting and wasting. Our study estimated approximately 33 percent children to be stunted and 11 percent to be wasted. Our analysis found that, 12 to < 24 months old children's height-for-age-z-score and weight-for-height-z-score deteriorated in comparison to those of below 6 months. Female children had significantly lower odds of stunting and wasting compared with male children. Study revealed that children from wealthier families were at lower risk of being stunted and wasted compared to children from poorer households. Parental education was determined as a significant predictor of stunting. Children who lived in Sylhet division were 1.26 times more likely to be stunted than the children of Dhaka division [OR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.02–1.55]. Our study revealed age, gender, geographic distribution, and household's position in wealth index as common determinants of child stunting and wasting in Bangladesh. While parental education was significant predictor for child stunting, type of toilet facility was found as statistically significant determinant of child wasting in children of less than two years age.

Timing Of Exercise For Muscle Strength And Physical Function In Men Initiating Adt For Prostate Cancer, Robert U. Newton, Daniel A. Galvão, Nigel Spry, David Joseph, Suzanne K. Chambers, Robert A. Gardiner, Dickon Hayne, Dennis R. Taaffe

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020, The Author(s). Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in men with prostate cancer (PCa) results in adverse effects, including reduced muscle strength and physical function, potentially compromising daily functioning. We examined whether it was more efficacious to commence exercise at the onset of ADT rather than later in treatment to counter declines in strength and physical function. Methods: One-hundred-and-four men with PCa (68.3 ± 7.0 years) initiating ADT were randomised to immediate exercise (IMX, n = 54) or delayed exercise (DEL, n = 50) for 12 months. IMX comprised 6 months of supervised resistance/aerobic/impact exercise initiated at the onset …

Rice Bran Arabinoxylan Compound And Quality Of Life Of Cancer Patients (Rbac-Qol): Study Protocol For A Randomized Pilot Feasibility Trial, Soo Liang Ooi, Sok Cheon Pak, Peter S. Micalos, Emily Schupfer, Rob Zielinski, Thomas Jeffries, Garth Harris, Terry Golombick, David Mckinnon

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 Introduction: Rice bran arabinoxylan compound (RBAC) is a nutraceutical for enhancing a depleted immune system during and after cancer treatment. This pilot feasibility trial aims to evaluate the effects of RBAC on cancer patients' quality of life during active treatment, compared to placebo, using a validated questionnaire. Other outcome measures include changes in inflammatory and nutritional status, cytokine profile, and gut microbiota. Methods/Design: The study will recruit 50 participants from a regional cancer center in Australia. Patients aged 18–70, diagnosed with solid organ cancers stage II and above, and currently undergoing active systemic therapies, are eligible. Random allocation …

Biological Basis Of Bone Strength: Anatomy, Physiology And Measurement, Nicolas H. Hart, Robert U. Newton, Jocelyn Tan, Timo Rantalainen, Paola Chivers, Aris Siafarikas, Sophia Nimphius

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020, International Society of Musculoskeletal and Neuronal Interactions. All rights reserved. Understanding how bones are innately designed, robustly developed and delicately maintained through intricate anatomical features and physiological processes across the lifespan is vital to inform our assessment of normal bone health, and essential to aid our interpretation of adverse clinical outcomes affecting bone through primary or secondary causes. Accordingly this review serves to introduce new researchers and clinicians engaging with bone and mineral metabolism, and provide a contemporary update for established researchers or clinicians. Specifically, we describe the mechanical and non-mechanical functions of the skeleton; its multidimensional and …

Mentalisation Amongst Maternal And Child Health Nurses Using The Newborn Behavioural Observations With Infant-Mother Dyads: A Qualitative Study, Kim Simkin-Tran, Bronwyn Harman, Susan Nicolson

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 Elsevier Inc. Purpose: This study explored Maternal and Child Health Nurses' (MCHN) mentalisation processes towards infant-mother dyads when using the Newborn Behavioural Observations (NBO) system in practice. Design and methods: Ten Australian MCHNs (female; aged 31–66 years), who had used the NBO clinically within the last 12 months, were recruited from a database of NBO-trained practitioners. Interpretative phenomenological analysis of one-on-one semi-structured interviews explored MCHNs experiential meaning-making. Results: Analysis of the data produced four main themes: reflections regarding the dyad, personal reflections, reflection into action, and professional identity and future practice. MCHNs reported that the NBO's focus on …

Factors Affecting Hepatitis C Treatment Intentions Among Aboriginal People In Western Australia: A Mixed-Methods Study, Amineh Rashidi, Peter Higgs, Susan Carruthers

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the hepatitis C treatment intentions of Aboriginal people living with hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Western Australia. Methods: This study used a mixed-methods design. In the cross-sectional survey, 123 Aboriginal people who inject drugs and self-report as living with hepatitis C completed a purpose-designed questionnaire. In the qualitative phase, 10 participants were interviewed about the factors influencing their future intentions to undertake hepatitis C treatment. Results: Analysis of the survey data revealed significant associations between an intention to undertake hepatitis C treatment and support, community attachment, stable housing and stigma. In …

Disrupted Sleep And Associated Factors In Australian Dementia Caregivers: A Cross-Sectional Study, Aisling Smyth, Lisa Whitehead, Eimear Quigley, Caroline Vafeas, Laura Emery

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

BACKGROUND: Sleep disturbance is an issue reported by caregivers. Waking at night is a feature of dementia and by proxy, sleep disturbance among caregivers is reported to be high. Little is known about the characteristics of dementia caregivers' sleep and the factors that may influence sleep disruption. The purpose of this study was to investigate the sleep characteristics and disturbances of Australian caregivers of a person living with dementia. In addition, it evaluated the psychological wellbeing of caregivers by evaluating associations between mood and sleep in this population. METHODS: This study used a cross-sectional, descriptive, correlation design. Participants were recruited …

Survival Rates Of Head And Neck Cancers In Ghana: A Retrospective Study At The Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Osei Owusu-Afriyie, W. K.B.A. Owiredu, Alexander Acheampong Oti, Emmanuel Acheampong, Kwabena Owusu-Danquah, Rita Larsen-Reindorf, Linda Ahenkorah Fondjo, Evans Asamoah Adu, Sampson Donkor, Peter Donkor

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

OBJECTIVE: Data was collected to evaluate the survival rates of head and neck (conjunctiva, oropharyngeal and non-oropharyngeal) squamous cell carcinomas in Ghana. DATA DESCRIPTION: We provided data on a retrospective review of 8 years (January 2004 to December 2009) survival rate of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Ghana. The data consist of patient demographic data and clinicopathological findings which includes tumour site, tumour stage and histological grades of the patients. Clinical outcome measurement was death through to January 2013 on record and confirmed from the hospitals birth and death registry department. …

The Peripheral Hearing And Central Auditory Processing Skills Of Individuals With Subjective Memory Complaints, Dona M.P. Jayakody, Holly K. Menegola, Jessica M. Yiannos, Jack Goodman-Simpson, Peter L. Friedland, Kevin Taddei, Simon M. Laws, Michael Weinborn, Ralph N. Martins, Hamid R. Sohrabi

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© Copyright © 2020 Jayakody, Menegola, Yiannos, Goodman-Simpson, Friedland, Taddei, Laws, Weinborn, Martins and Sohrabi. Purpose: This study examined the central auditory processing (CAP) assessment results of adults between 45 and 85 years of age with probable pre-clinical Alzheimer’s disease – i.e., individuals with subjective memory complaints (SMCs) as compared to those who were not reporting significant levels of memory complaints (non-SMCs). It was hypothesized that the SMC group would perform significantly poorer on tests of central auditory skills compared to participants with non-SMCs (control group). Methods: A total of 95 participants were recruited from the larger Western Australia Memory …

Lift, Stop, Rest, Repeat: The Potential Of ‘Cluster Sets’ As Interval Resistance Exercise For Copd, Christopher Latella

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Exercise training is often a focus of clinical rehabilitation programmes aimed at improving patient health and function and decreasing mortality rate. Demonstrated benefits extend across a plethora of chronic conditions including chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD). Briefly, COPD is a progressive chronic inflammatory lung disease typically resulting from long‐term exposure to irritants (e.g. smoking) causing respiratory issues. Disease progression is often accompanied by peripheral muscle discomfort, weakness and dysfunction. Intolerable dyspnoea sensations are also common during exercise. Subsequently, exercise tolerance and health‐related quality of life are severely reduced in COPD patients leading to morbidity and ultimately mortality. As such, exercise …

All-Cause Mortality In Metabolically Healthy Individuals Was Not Predicted By Overweight And Obesity, Qiuyue Tian, Anxin Wang, Yingting Zuo, Shuohua Chen, Haifeng Hou, Wei Wang, Shouling Wu, Youxin Wang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

BACKGROUND

Metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically healthy overweight (MH-OW) have been suggested to be important and emerging phenotypes with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, whether MHO and MH-OW are associated with all-cause mortality remains inconsistent.

METHODS The association of MHO and MH-OW and all-cause mortality was determined in a Chinese community-based prospective cohort study (the Kailuan study), including 93,272 adults at baseline. Data were analyzed from 2006 to 2017. Participants were categorized into 6 mutually exclusive groups, according to BMI and metabolic syndrome (MetS) status. The primary outcome was all-cause death, and accidental deaths were excluded. …

Investigating The Psychometric Properties Of The Carers’ Fall Concern Instrument To Measure Carers’ Concern For Older People At Risk Of Falling At Home: A Cross-Sectional Study, Seng Giap Marcus Ang, Anthony Paul O’Brien, Amanda Wilson

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Aims:

This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Carers’ Fall Concern Instrument (CFC-I) for measuring carers’ concern for older people (care recipients) at risk of falling.

Background:

Family carers are crucial in preventing older people from falling at home. Their concerns for older people at risk of falling have severe implications on carers’ psychological well-being and ability to prevent falls. However, there is no validated instrument measuring this concern.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was used to examine the validity and reliability of the CFC-I. Carers looking after older people living at home completed the 17-item CFC-I and …

Effects Of Food Gums And Pre-Drying On Fat Content Of Fabricated Fried Chips, Jane C. Lumanlan, Warnakulasuriya M.A.D.B. Fernando, Weeraya Karnpanit, Vijay Jayasena

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 Institute of Food Science and Technology Deep-frying contributes to the unique taste and texture of fried products. However, they are low in nutritional value. Food industries actively trying to find ways to reduce the fat content while maintaining organoleptic properties of fried foods. In this work, effects of pre-drying and adding food gums on the moisture and fat contents of chips were evaluated. The chips were pre-dried for 60 and 90 min, and gellan gum, guar gum, methylcellulose and xanthan gum were added at the concentration of 0.25, 0.75, 1 and 2 % w/w. The xanthan gum was …