Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Association Between High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Chinese: The Beijing Longitudinal Study Of Aging, Xue Cao, Zhe Tang, Jie Zhang, Haibin Li, Manjot Singh, Fei Sun, Xiaochun Li, Changwei Li, Youxin Wang, Xiuhua Guo, Deqiang Zheng

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Some previous studies on different populations have yielded inconsistent findings with respect to the relationship between levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and future type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) incidence. This study was designed to gain further insight into this relationship through a cohort study with a 25-year follow-up duration. Methods: In total, 1462 individuals that were 55 years of age or older and were free of T2DM at baseline were enrolled in the present study. T2DM incidence among this study population was detected through self-reported diagnoses or the concentration of fasting plasma glucose. The data were derived from …

Patterns Of Immunotherapy-Induced Pneumonitis In Patients With Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Case Series, Sarah Picard, Desiree Goh, Ashley Tan, Nisha Sikotra, Eli Gabbay, Tim Clay

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Immunotherapy has become an efficacious option in the management of solid organ malignancies. Immune-related adverse events including pneumonitis are well described and may be particularly of concern in patients receiving immunotherapy for non-small-cell lung cancer. Case presentations: In this paper, we describe three cases of immunotherapy-induced pneumonitis occurring in the management of lung malignancy. Our cases include a 54-year-old Caucasian woman with squamous cell lung cancer who was successfully rechallenged with immunotherapy after prior significant pneumonitis, a 65-year-old Caucasian man with metastatic squamous cell lung cancer who developed pneumonitis after multiple cycles of uneventful immunotherapy, and a 73-year-old Caucasian …

Epidemiological Overview Of Multidimensional Chromosomal And Genome Toxicity Of Cannabis Exposure In Congenital Anomalies And Cancer Development, Albert Stuart Reece, Gary K. Hulse

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Cannabis and cannabinoids are implicated in multiple genotoxic, epigenotoxic and chromosomal-toxic mechanisms and interact with several morphogenic pathways, likely underpinning previous reports of links between cannabis and congenital anomalies and heritable tumours. However the effects of cannabinoid genotoxicity have not been assessed on whole populations and formal consideration of effects as a broadly acting genotoxin remain unexplored. Our study addressed these knowledge gaps in USA datasets. Cancer data from CDC, drug exposure data from National Survey of Drug Use and Health 2003–2017 and congenital anomaly data from National Birth Defects Prevention Network were used. We show that cannabis, THC cannabigerol …

Maintaining Weight Loss In Obese Men With Prostate Cancer Following A Supervised Exercise And Nutrition Program—A Pilot Study, Rebekah L. Wilson, Dennis R. Taaffe, Robert U. Newton, Nicolas H. Hart, Philippa Lyons-Wall, Daniel A. Galvão

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Supervised exercise and nutrition programs can mitigate or reverse androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) induced fat mass (FM) gain, lean mass (LM) loss, and impaired physical function. It is unclear whether these benefits are retained following transition to self-management. This study examined the effect of a home-based weight maintenance program on body composition and physical function in obese men with prostate cancer (PCa) on ADT following a 12-week supervised weight loss intervention. Eleven obese PCa patients (74 ± 5 years, 40.0 ± 4.9% body fat) on ADT ( > 6 months) com-pleted a 12-week self-managed home-based weight maintenance program consisting of 150 …

Can Positive Mindsets Be Protective Against Stress And Isolation Experienced During The Covid-19 Pandemic? A Mixed Methods Approach To Understanding Emotional Health And Wellbeing Needs Of Perinatal Women, Jacqueline A. Davis, Lisa Y. Gibson, Natasha L. Bear, Amy L. Finlay-Jones, Jeneva L. Ohan, Desiree T. Silva, Susan L. Prescott

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between emotional health and well-being and support needs of perinatal women during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to understand their experiences and need for support. This is a potentially vulnerable group and a critical developmental phase for women and infants. A mixed methods design was used to collect quantitative and qualitative data that provided a robust insight into their unique needs. A total of 174 women who were either pregnant or post-birth participated. The main findings demonstrated that women in this cohort experienced varying levels of stress and isolation but also …

Major Genetic Discontinuity And Novel Toxigenic Species In Clostridioides Difficile Taxonomy, Daniel R. Knight, Korakrit Imwattana, Brian Kullin, Enzo Guerrero-Araya, Daniel Paredes-Sabja, Xavier Didelot, Kate E. Dingle, David W. Eyre, César Rodríguez, Thomas V. Riley

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) remains an urgent global One Health threat. The genetic heterogeneity seen across C. difficile underscores its wide ecological versatility and has driven the significant changes in CDI epidemiology seen in the last 20 years. We analysed an international collection of over 12,000 C. difficile genomes spanning the eight currently defined phylogenetic clades. Through whole-genome average nucleotide identity, and pangenomic and Bayesian analyses, we identified major taxonomic incoherence with clear species boundaries for each of the recently described cryptic clades CI–III. The emergence of these three novel genomospecies predates clades C1–5 by millions of years, rewriting the …

Estimated Financial Impacts Of Inaccurate Obese Patient Data Recorded By The Western Australian Country Health Service, Kim Mcclean, Martyn Cross, Sue Reed

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Purpose: Pressure on Australia’s healthcare system is increasing annually due to corresponding increases in chronic diseases such as obesity and rapidly ageing population growth across Australia, resulting in requirements for increased funding. This study investigates the financial impact to hospitals due to inaccurate obese patient recording and coding.

Background: Australian healthcare organisations receive Activity-Based Funding (ABF) which provides reimbursement of costs relating to the type of patient care delivered and the resources required for the patient treatment. Accurate healthcare data are essential to ensure accuracy of ABF and appropriate reimbursement of costs incurred by hospitals that manage obese patients. Managing …

Associations Of Physical Activity And Exercise With Health-Related Outcomes In Patients With Melanoma During And After Treatment: A Systematic Review, Brendan J. Crosby, Pedro Lopez, Daniel A. Galvao, Robert U. Newton, Dennis Taaffe, Tarek M. Meniawy, Lydia Warburton, Muhammad A. Khattak, Elin S. Gray, Favil Singh

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Purpose:

Although exercise medicine is recommended to counter treatment-related side-effects and improve health-related outcomes of patients affected by different cancers, no specific recommendations exist for patients with melanoma. As a result, we systematically examined the current evidence regarding the effects of physical activity and exercise on objectively-measured and patient-reported outcomes among patients with melanoma.

Methods:

Searches were conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science databases. This review included published data involving physical activity or exercise and objectively-measured or patient-reported outcomes of patients with cutaneous melanoma. The quality of included studies was assessed using …

Lower-Limb Injury In Elite Australian Football: A Narrative Review Of Kinanthropometric And Physical Risk Factors, Callum J. Mccaskie, Marc Sim, Robert U. Newton, Nicolas H. Hart

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Objective

This review aims to provide a succinct and critical analysis of the current physical and mechanical demands of elite Australian football while examining lower-limb injury and the associated physical and kinanthropometric risk factors.

Methods

MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science and SPORTSDiscus electronic databases were searched for studies that investigated the playing demands, injury trends, and physical and kinanthropometric injury risk factors of elite Australian football. Articles from similar team sports including soccer and rugby (union and league) were also included.

Results

While the physical demands of elite AF have steadied over the past decade, injury rates continue to rise …

Causal Inference Multiple Imputation Investigation Of The Impact Of Cannabinoids And Other Substances On Ethnic Differentials In Us Testicular Cancer Incidence, Albert Stuart Reece, Gary Kenneth Hulse

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Ethnic differences in testicular cancer rates (TCRs) are recognized internationally. Cannabis is a known risk factor for testicular cancer (TC) in multiple studies with dose-response effects demonstrated, however the interaction between ancestral and environmental mutagenic effects has not been characterized. We examined the effects of this presumed gene-environment interaction across US states. Methods: State based TCR was downloaded from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) website via SEERStat. Drug use data for cigarettes, alcohol use disorder, analgesics, cannabis and cocaine was taken from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health a nationally representative study conducted annually by …

Complete Genome Assemblies Of Three Highly Prevalent, Toxigenic Clostridioides Difficile Strains Causing Health Care-Associated Infections In Australia, Keeley O'Grady, Thomas V. Riley, Daniel R. Knight

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is the leading cause of life-threatening health care-related gastrointestinal illness worldwide. Phylogenetically appropriate closed reference genomes are essential for studies of C. difficile transmission and evolution. Here, we provide high-quality complete hybrid genome assemblies for the three most prevalent C. difficile strains causing CDI in Australia.

Prevalence And Patterns Of Multimorbidity In Australian Baby Boomers: The Busselton Healthy Ageing Study, Michael L. Hunter, Matthew W. Knuiman, Bill A. W. Musk, Jennie Hui, Kevin Murray, John P. Beilby, David R. Hillman, Joseph Hung, Robert U. Newton, Romola S. Bucks, Leon Straker, John P. Walsh, Kun Zhu, David G. Bruce, Robert H. Eikelboom, Timothy M. E. Davis, David A. Mackey, Alan L. James

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background and objective: Chronic medical conditions accumulate within individuals with age. However, knowledge concerning the trends, patterns and determinants of multimorbidity remains limited. This study assessed the prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity using extensive individual phenotyping in a general population of Australian middle-aged adults. Methods: Participants (n = 5029, 55% female), born between 1946 and 1964 and attending the cross-sectional phase of the Busselton Healthy Ageing Study (BHAS) between 2010 and 2015, were studied. Prevalence of 21 chronic conditions was estimated using clinical measurement, validated instrument scores and/or self-reported doctor-diagnosis. Non-random patterns of multimorbidity were explored using observed/expected (O/E) prevalence …

Usability, Acceptability, And Safety Analysis Of A Computer-Tailored Web-Based Exercise Intervention (Exerciseguide) For Individuals With Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Multi-Methods Laboratory-Based Study, Holly E. L. Evans, Cynthia C. Forbes, Daniel A. Galvão, Corneel Vandelanotte, Robert U. Newton, Gary Wittert, Suzanne Chambers, Andrew D. Vincent, Ganessan Kichenadasse, Danielle Girard, Nicholas Brook, Camille E. Short

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background:

Digital health interventions such as tailored websites are emerging as valuable tools to provide individualized exercise and behavioral change information for individuals diagnosed with cancer.

Objective:

The aim of this study is to investigate and iteratively refine the acceptability and usability of a web-based exercise intervention (ExerciseGuide) for men with metastatic prostate cancer and determine how well individuals can replicate the video-based exercise prescription.

Methods:

A laboratory-based multi-methods design was used, incorporating questionnaires, think-aloud tests, interviews, and movement screening among 11 men aged 63 to 82 years with metastatic prostate cancer. Overall, 9 participants were undergoing androgen deprivation therapy, …

Play In Children With Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Psychometric Properties Of A Parent Report Measure ‘My Child’S Play’, Dulce Romero-Ayuso, María Ruiz-Salcedo, Sabina Barrios-Fernández, José Matías Triviño-Juárez, Donald Maciver, Janet Richmond, Miguel A. Muñoz

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Play is essential in childhood, allowing for a positive trend in development and learning. Health professionals need useful tools to assess it, especially in the case of children with neurodevelopmental disorders. The aim of this study was to validate and cross-culturally adapt the My Child’s Play questionnaire and to find out if this instrument allows us to differentiate the play of children with neurodevelopmental disorders from the play of children with neurotypical development. A total of 594 parents completed the questionnaire. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted, which showed a similar structure to the English version: (1) executive functions; (2) …

Cationic Peptidomimetic Amphiphiles Having A N-Aryl- Or N-Naphthyl-1,2,3-Triazole Core Structure Targeting Clostridioides (Clostridium) Difficile: Synthesis, Antibacterial Evaluation And An In Vivo C. Difficile Infection Model, Muni K. Mahadari, Andrew J. Tague, Papanin Putsathit, Melanie L. Hutton, Katherine A. Hammer, Daniel R. Knight, Thomas V. Riley, Dena Lyras, Paul A. Keller, Stephen G. Pyne

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Clostridioides (also known as Clostridium) difficile is a Gram-positive anaerobic, spore producing bacterial pathogen that causes severe gastrointestinal infection in humans. The current chemotherapeutic options are inadequate, expensive, and limited, and thus inexpensive drug treatments for C. difficile infection (CDI) with improved efficacy and specificity are urgently needed. To improve the solubility of our cationic amphiphilic 1,1′-binaphthylpeptidomimetics developed earlier that showed promise in an in vivo murine CDI model we have synthesized related compounds with an N-arytriazole or N-naphthyltriazole moiety instead of the 1,1′-biphenyl or 1,1′-binaphthyl moiety. This modification was made to increase the polarity and thus water solubility of …

Enhancing Adaptions To Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Training Interventions, Anthony J. Blazevich, David F. Collins, Guillaume Y. Millet, Marco A. Vaz, Nicola A. Maffiuletti

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) applied to skeletal muscles is an effective rehabilitation and exercise training modality. However, the relatively low muscle force and rapid muscle fatigue induced by NMES limit the stimulus provided to the neuromuscular system and subsequent adaptations. We hypothesize that adaptations to NMES will be enhanced by the use of specific stimulation protocols and adjuvant interventions.

The Role Of Acceptance And Commitment Therapy In Cardiovascular And Diabetes Healthcare: A Scoping Review, Amineh Rashidi, Lisa Whitehead, Lisa Newson, Felicity Astin, Paramjit Gill, Deirdre A. Lane, Gregory Y. H. Lip, Lis Neubeck, Chantal F. Ski, David R. Thompson, Helen Walthall, Ian D. Jones

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is an adapted form of cognitive behavioural therapy. ACT focuses on how thinking affects behaviour and promotes psychological flexibility. The prevalence of psychological distress among people living with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is high, and ACT may offer an alternative treatment approach. This scoping review explored the use of ACT as an intervention to support adults living with CVD and/or T2DM. A systematic search of the literature resulted in the inclusion of 15 studies. Studies were reviewed using the Joanna Briggs Institute approach to conducting scoping reviews. Most studies (n …

Healing Right Way: Study Protocol For A Stepped Wedge Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial To Enhance Rehabilitation Services And Improve Quality Of Life In Aboriginal Australians After Brain Injury, Elizabeth Armstrong, Juli Coffin, Deborah J. Hersh, Judith M. Katzenellenbogen, Sandra Thompson, Leon Flicker, Meaghan Mcallister, Dominique A. Cadilhac, Tapan Rai, Erin Godecke, Colleen Hayward, Graeme J. Hankey, Neil M. Drew, Ivan Lin, Deborah Woods, Natalie Ciccone

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Introduction: Despite higher incidence of brain injury among Aboriginal compared with non-Aboriginal Australians, suboptimal engagement exists between rehabilitation services and Aboriginal brain injury survivors. Aboriginal patients often feel culturally insecure in hospital and navigation of services post discharge is complex. Health professionals report feeling ill-equipped working with Aboriginal patients. This study will test the impact of a research-informed culturally secure intervention model for Aboriginal people with brain injury.

Methods and Analysis: Design: Stepped wedge cluster randomised control trial design; intervention sequentially introduced at four pairs of healthcare sites across Western Australia at 26-week intervals.

Recruitment: Aboriginal participants aged ≥18 years …

All Around Suboptimal Health — A Joint Position Paper Of The Suboptimal Health Study Consortium And European Association For Predictive, Preventive And Personalised Medicine, Wei Wang, Yuxiang Yan, Zheng Guo, Haifeng Hou, Monique Garcia, Xuerui Tan, Enoch O. Anto, Gehendra Mahara, Yulu Zheng, Bo Li, Timothy Kang, Zhaohua Zhong, Youxin Wang, Xiuhua Guo, Olga Golubnitschaja, Suboptimal Health Study Consortium And European Association For Predictive, Preventive And Personalised Medicine

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

First two decades of the twenty-first century are characterised by epidemics of non-communicable diseases such as many hundreds of millions of patients diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases and the type 2 diabetes mellitus, breast, lung, liver and prostate malignancies, neurological, sleep, mood and eye disorders, amongst others. Consequent socio-economic burden is tremendous. Unprecedented decrease in age of maladaptive individuals has been reported. The absolute majority of expanding non-communicable disorders carry a chronic character, over a couple of years progressing from reversible suboptimal health conditions to irreversible severe pathologies and cascading collateral complications. The time-frame between onset of SHS and clinical manifestation …

Changes In Plasma C1q, Apelin And Adropin Concentrations In Older Adults After Descending And Ascending Stair Walking Intervention, Trevor C. Chen, Tsang-Hai Huang, Wei-Chin Tseng, Kuo-Wei Tseng, Chung-Chan Hsieh, Mei-Yen Chen, Tai-Ying Chou, Yuh-Chuan Huang, Hsin-Lian Chen, Kazunori Nosaka

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This study compared changes in plasma complement component 1q (C1q), apelin and adropin concentrations in older obese women after descending (DSW) and ascending stair walking (ASW) training (n = 15/group) performed twice a week for 12 weeks, with gradual increases in exercise time from 5 to 60 min. Fasting blood samples were collected 3 days before the first and 4 days after the last training session. The improvements in the maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) strength of the knee extensors, functional physical fitness [e.g., 30-s chair stand (CS) performance], resting systolic blood pressure (SBP), insulin sensitivity [e.g., oral glucose tolerance …

Cross-Education And Detraining Effects Of Eccentric Vs. Concentric Resistance Training Of The Elbow Flexors, Shigeru Sato, Riku Yoshida, Ryosuke Kiyono, Kaoru Yahata, Koki Yasaka, Kazunori (Ken) Nosaka, Masatoshi Nakamura

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Unilateral resistance training increases the strength of the contralateral non-trained homologous muscles known as the cross-education effect. We tested the hypothesis that unilateral eccentric resistance training (ET) would induce greater and longer-lasting cross-education effect when compared with concentric resistance training (CT). Methods: Young (20–23 y) participants were allocated to ET (5 males, 4 females) or CT (5 males, 4 females) group that performed unilateral progressive ET or CT of the elbow flexors, twice a week for 5 weeks (10 sessions) followed by a 5-week detraining, and control group (7 males, 6 females) that did not perform any training. Maximum …

Video Analysis And Verification Of Direct Head Impacts Recorded By Wearable Sensors In Junior Rugby League Players, Lauchlan Carey, Douglas P. Terry, Andrew S. Mcintosh, Peter Stanwell, Grant L. Iverson, Andrew J. Gardner

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Rugby league is a high-intensity collision sport that carries a risk of concussion. Youth athletes are considered to be more vulnerable and take longer to recover from concussion than adult athletes. Purpose: To review head impact events in elite-level junior representative rugby league and to verify and describe characteristics of X-patchTM-recorded impacts via video analysis. Study Design: Observational case series. Methods: The X-patchTM was used on twenty-one adolescent players (thirteen forwards and eight backs) during a 2017 junior representative rugby league competition. Game-day footage, recorded by a trained videographer from a single camera, was synchronised with X-patchTM-recorded timestamped events. …

Potential Of Sorghum Polyphenols To Prevent And Treat Alzheimer's Disease: A Review Article, Nasim Rezaee, Warnakulasuriya Mary Ann Dipika Fernando, Eugene Hone, Hamid R. Sohrabi, Stuart K. Johnson, Stuart Gunzburg, Ralph Martins

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by the excessive deposition of extracellular amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) and the build-up of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles containing hyperphosphorylated tau proteins. This leads to neuronal damage, cell death and consequently results in memory and learning impairments leading to dementia. Although the exact cause of AD is not yet clear, numerous studies indicate that oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction significantly contribute to its onset and progression. There is no effective therapeutic approach to stop the progression of AD and its associated symptoms. Thus, early intervention, preferably, pre-clinically when the brain is not significantly affected, is a …

Inconsistent Use Of Resistance Exercise Names In Research Articles: A Brief Note, James L. Nuzzo

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Academic fields require standard nomenclature to communicate concepts effectively. Previous research has documented resistance training exercises are named inconsistently. This inconsistent use has been observed among fitness professionals and within resistance training textbooks. The purpose of the current note was to explore inconsistent use of resistance training exercise names in scientific articles. Keyword searches were performed in PubMed to identify articles that referred to 4 different resistance training exercises. The search was limited to titles and abstracts of articles published between 1960 and 2020. For exercise 1, "shoulder press," "overhead press," and "military press" were searched. For exercise 2, "arm …

Adaptations To Post-Exercise Cold Water Immersion: Friend, Foe, Or Futile?, Mohammed Ihsan, Chris R. Abbiss, Robert Allan

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

In the last decade, cold water immersion (CWI) has emerged as one of the most popular post-exercise recovery strategies utilized amongst athletes during training and competition. Following earlier research on the effects of CWI on the recovery of exercise performance and associated mechanisms, the recent focus has been on how CWI might influence adaptations to exercise. This line of enquiry stems from classical work demonstrating improved endurance and mitochondrial development in rodents exposed to repeated cold exposures. Moreover, there was strong rationale that CWI might enhance adaptations to exercise, given the discovery, and central role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma …

Influence Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Mood And Training In Australian Community Tennis Players, Mitchell Turner, Philipp Beranek, Shane L. Rogers, Kazunori Nosaka, Olivier Girard, Travis Cruickshank

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The COVID-19 outbreak has led to the implementation of strict restrictions in Australia, which have severely impacted sporting activities. Tennis is played by 6.2% of the population within the Oceania region, and is a valuable sport for maintaining social, mental, and physical health. Current literature indicates the COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected the mental health of Australian residents. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in training and match play due to the outbreak, and its effects on emotional well-being of Australian senior tennis players. Additionally, explore any differences between middle aged (41-60 years) and senior (61 years …

Joint Angles In Elbow Flexor Unilateral Resistance Exercise Training Determine Its Effects On Muscle Strength And Thickness Of Trained And Non-Trained Arms, Shigeru Sato, Riku Yoshida, Ryosuke Kiyono, Kaoru Yahata, Koki Yasaka, João Pedro Nunes, Kazunori Nosaka, Masatoshi Nakamura

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The present study compared two unilateral arm curl resistance exercise protocols with a different starting and finishing elbow joint angle in the same ROM for changes in elbow flexors strength and muscle thickness of the trained and non-trained arms. Thirty-two non-resistance trained young adults were randomly assigned to one of the three groups: extended joint training (0°-50°; EXT, = 12); flexed joint training (80°-130°; FLE, = 12); and non-training control ( = 8). The exercise training was performed by the dominant arms twice a week for 5 weeks with gradual increases in the training volume over 10 training sessions, and …

Plasma Amyloid‐Beta Levels In A Pre‐Symptomatic Dutch‐Type Hereditary Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Pedigree: A Cross‐Sectional And Longitudinal Investigation, Pratishtha Chatterjee, Michelle Tegg, Steve Pedrini, Anne M. Fagan, Chengjie Xiong, Abhay K. Singh, Kevin Taddei, Samantha Gardener, Colin L. Masters, Peter R. Schofield, Gerhard Multhaup, Tammie L. S. Benzinger, John C. Morris, Randall J. Bateman, Steven M. Greenberg, Mark A. Van Buchem, Erik Stoops, Hugo Vanderstichele, Charlotte E. Teunissen, Graeme J. Hankey, Marieke J. H. Wermer, Hamid R. Sohrabi, Ralph N. Martins, The Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Plasma amyloid‐beta (Aβ) has long been investigated as a blood biomarker candidate for Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA), however previous findings have been inconsistent which could be attributed to the use of less sensitive assays. This study investigates plasma Aβ alterations between pre‐symptomatic Dutch‐type hereditary CAA (D‐CAA) mutation‐carriers (MC) and non-carriers (NC) using two Aβ measurement platforms. Seventeen pre‐symptomatic members of a D‐ CAA pedigree were assembled and followed up 3–4 years later (NC = 8;MC = 9). Plasma Aβ1‐40 and Aβ1‐42 were cross‐sectionally and longitudinally analysed at baseline (T1) and follow‐up (T2) and were found to be lower in MCs …

Exploring The Usability Of The Com-B Model And Theoretical Domains Framework (Tdf) To Define The Helpers Of And Hindrances To Evidence-Based Practice In Midwifery, Annemarie De Leo, Sara J. Bayes, Dianne Bloxsome, Janice Butt

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background Despite the advancement of scientific research in the field of maternity care, midwives face challenges translating latest evidence into evidence-based practice (EBP) and express reticence towards leading practice change in clinical areas. This study aimed to explore midwifery leaders’ views on what factors help or hinder midwives’ efforts to translate latest evidence into everyday practice and consider them in relation to both the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation and Behaviour (COM-B) model and Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). Methods This qualitative study formed part of a larger action research (AR) project that was designed to improve midwives’ EBP implementation capability. Data were …

Hospital Staff, Volunteers’ And Patients’ Perceptions Of Barriers And Facilitators To Communication Following Stroke In An Acute And A Rehabilitation Private Hospital Ward: A Qualitative Description Study, Sarah D'Souza, Erin Godecke, Natalie Ciccone, Deborah J. Hersh, Heidi Janssen, Elizabeth Armstrong

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Objectives

To explore barriers and facilitators to patient communication in an acute and rehabilitation ward setting from the perspectives of hospital staff, volunteers and patients following stroke.

Design

A qualitative descriptive study as part of a larger study which aimed to develop and test a Communication Enhanced Environment model in an acute and a rehabilitation ward.

Setting

A metropolitan Australian private hospital.

Participants

Focus groups with acute and rehabilitation doctors, nurses, allied health staff and volunteers (n=51), and interviews with patients following stroke (n=7), including three with aphasia, were conducted.

Results

The key themes related to barriers and facilitators to …