Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Music Performance (25518)
- History (3929)
- Music Education (3333)
- Composition (3294)
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (3275)
-
- Musicology (2648)
- Education (2574)
- Music Pedagogy (2244)
- Music Practice (2234)
- Other Music (2146)
- Fine Arts (1997)
- United States History (1963)
- Religion (1946)
- Music Theory (1891)
- Anthropology (1810)
- Ethnomusicology (1752)
- Folklore (1635)
- Theatre and Performance Studies (1556)
- Art and Design (1333)
- Philosophy (1146)
- Creative Writing (1131)
- History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology (1038)
- Art Education (1018)
- Race, Ethnicity and Post-Colonial Studies (978)
- Liturgy and Worship (957)
- Architecture (949)
- Aesthetics (942)
- African American Studies (810)
- Institution
-
- Illinois State University (7035)
- University of Arkansas, Fayetteville (3136)
- Lynn University (2692)
- University of Mississippi (2141)
- University of Northern Iowa (2127)
-
- University of Richmond (1888)
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas (1421)
- Lincoln Memorial University (1407)
- Marshall University (1073)
- Brigham Young University (1056)
- Rhode Island School of Design (925)
- Gardner-Webb University (888)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (772)
- Liberty University (708)
- Butler University (706)
- Western Kentucky University (639)
- Louisiana State University (609)
- Western Michigan University (592)
- Old Dominion University (566)
- Dordt University (565)
- Syracuse University (524)
- Eastern Illinois University (517)
- Andrews University (508)
- Chapman University (488)
- Lawrence University (482)
- University of North Florida (436)
- University of Denver (407)
- University of Kentucky (402)
- Claremont Colleges (387)
- University of Nebraska - Lincoln (386)
- Keyword
-
- Music (3773)
- Concert program--Iowa--Cedar Falls; (1731)
- Nineteenth Century (1359)
- Sheet Music (1265)
- Choir (932)
-
- Art school (899)
- RISD (899)
- Art college (898)
- Student newspapers (795)
- Civil War Music (793)
- Piano (597)
- Student Life (581)
- Choral music (569)
- Campus Events (555)
- Student Creative Work (552)
- Grotenhuis (515)
- Chorus (514)
- Concert (488)
- Student Organizations (468)
- Conservatory of Music (464)
- Recitals (446)
- Exhibitions (Museum/Faculty/Student) (433)
- Music performances (425)
- CoPA (423)
- Music education (383)
- Curriculum and Academic Department News (382)
- Recital (375)
- Composition (354)
- University Concert (328)
- Community Engagement (319)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- School of Music Programs (6812)
- Concert Recordings & Programs (3068)
- Music Recital Programs (1758)
- Music Department Concert Programs (1674)
- ALLM: Civil War Sheet Music Collection (1393)
-
- Broadside Ballads: England (1371)
- All Performances (972)
- All Student Newspapers (899)
- The Etude Magazine: 1883-1957 (880)
- Masters Theses (589)
- Music Faculty Scores (579)
- Performance Forum (523)
- Theses and Dissertations (519)
- Journal of the Jussi Björling Societies of the USA & UK (499)
- Junior and Senior Recitals (481)
- Conservatory of Music Concert Programs (457)
- LSU Doctoral Dissertations (449)
- Setnor School of Music - Performance Programs (442)
- Printed Performance Programs (PDF Format) (423)
- Doctoral Dissertations and Projects (380)
- Performance Programs (344)
- Choral Arrangements and Compositions (339)
- Newsletter of the Jussi Björling Societies of the USA & UK (338)
- Jack Kleinsinger Presents Highlights in Jazz (320)
- Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects (318)
- Publications and Research (295)
- Theses and Dissertations--Music (295)
- Performance Practice Review (283)
- Student Recitals (256)
- Master Classes (248)
- Publication Type
Articles 9001 - 9030 of 45977
Full-Text Articles in Music
Krithi: Cows At The Beach: Improvising Carnatic-Jazz, Toby Wren, Suresh Vaidyanathan
Krithi: Cows At The Beach: Improvising Carnatic-Jazz, Toby Wren, Suresh Vaidyanathan
Staff Scholarship - Australia & Dubai
Intercultural creative practice is a topic that has attracted a lot of recent scholarly attention. As improvising musicians from very different cultures and traditions, we decided to analyse a recent collaborative performance that we were involved in to unpack the ways that we were interacting through music. As performers, we were interested primarily in the ways that such an analysis would help us to work more effectively in intercultural situations, but we also wanted to understand the synergies and dissonances that exist between improvising cultures more broadly. For the essay we adopt the musical form of a krithi, a …
Sound To Symbol: Teaching Music Literacy, Katherine Herzberg
Sound To Symbol: Teaching Music Literacy, Katherine Herzberg
Graduate Teacher Education
Music educators aim to teach music literacy, which is the ability to read music; however, resources for differentiating specifically in the field of music are difficult to find. This paper analyzed available research on creating meaningful ways to represent sound aside from traditional music notation and using this notation to differentiate instruction. Graphic notation, as opposed to standard notation, is therefore analyzed as a potential tool for differentiation both in terms of its benefits when created by teachers or textbook companies as well as when students create their individual graphic notation. Other issues addressed include a focus on aural preparation, …
A Hall That Hits The High Notes
A Hall That Hits The High Notes
DePaul Magazine
The newest addition to the Holtschneider Performance Center of the DePaul School of Music (SOM) is the Eugene and Sasha Jarvis Opera Hall. The hall, a complete renovation of the Concert Hall on DePaul's Lincoln Park Campus (LPC), has been designed specifically for the needs of opera performance. Donor Sasha Gerritson, SOM Dean Ron Caltabiano and DePaul Opera Theatre Director Harry Silverstein discuss the new advantages of the new hall.
Therapist And Individual Experiences And Perceptions Of Music Therapy For Adolescents Who Stutter: A Qualitative Exploration, Jessica O'Donoghue, Hilary Moss, Amy Clements-Cortés, Carol Freeley
Therapist And Individual Experiences And Perceptions Of Music Therapy For Adolescents Who Stutter: A Qualitative Exploration, Jessica O'Donoghue, Hilary Moss, Amy Clements-Cortés, Carol Freeley
Music Faculty Publications
Introduction
Affective reactions frequently reported by adolescents who stutter include embarrassment, frustration, and feelings of anxiety about further stuttering. It is possible that music therapy may enhance stuttering treatment outcomes; however, little is known about how individuals who stutter, and therapists working with this group, view such therapy. The purpose of this study was to explore individuals who stutter and therapist experiences with, and perceptions of, music and music therapy for stuttering. This work is part of a larger mixed-methods project to explore the effectiveness and potential benefit of music therapy with adolescents who stutter.
Method
Semi-structured interviews were conducted …
Williams, Michael Ann (Fa 459), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives
Williams, Michael Ann (Fa 459), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives
Folklife Archives Finding Aids
Finding aid and interview transcriptions for Folklife Archives Project 459. Interviews related to Sarah Gertrude Knott and the National Folk Festival conducted by Michael Ann Williams and Hillary Glatt as part of a joint project for the Kentucky Oral History Commission and Western Kentucky University. The audio interviews did not come with this collection. Interview transcriptions may be accessed by clicking on the "Download" button to the right and then clicking on the hyperlinks in the finding aid.
The Impact Of Singing Engagement On Food Intake Of Individuals With Alzheimer’S Disease And Related Dementias: A Multi-Site, Repeated Measures Study, James Hiller
Department of Music Faculty Publications
Malnutrition among older adults with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) is a serious and long-recognized health concern. Identifying nonpharmacological means for enhancing the volume of nutrition intake is an urgent need. Researchers have explored the use of music and music therapy as nonpharmacological avenues in this regard, but most music-based studies related to food intake focus on receptive interventions wherein participants are exposed to recorded music during meal times. The purpose of the present research is to investigate whether residents with ADRD would significantly increase their volume of food intake during the midday meal immediately following 30 minutes of …
Second Sonata For Piano And Violin In F Minor Op. 6 By George Enesco A Transcription For Cello, Andrian Harabaru
Second Sonata For Piano And Violin In F Minor Op. 6 By George Enesco A Transcription For Cello, Andrian Harabaru
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
George Enesco (1881-1955) was one of the most important musical personalities, fascinating and diverse of the XX Century. Acclaimed as a composer, appreciated as a conductor, and considered an example of the highest order of violin playing, he performed throughout Europe, Russia, and North America. His compositional legacy succeeded in incorporating a wide variety of genres: chamber music for strings, wind and voice, instrumental solo concertos, symphonies, and operas, Oedipe being one of the most acclaimed. The purpose of this paper is to explain the process of transcribing Enesco’s Violin and Piano Sonata No. 2 in F minor Op. 6 …
Regina Caeli, Anthony Elia
Regina Caeli, Anthony Elia
Bridwell Library Research
Regina Caeli is one choral piece of the planned 12-part "Marian Cycle" based on some twelve Latin (and other) texts about the Virgin Mary. The Stabat Mater was completed in 2013 and published at Columbia University Academic Commons. The planned works include the following, but may have others added later: 1) Stabat Mater, 2) Ave Regina Caelorum, 3) Alma Redemptoris Mater, 4) Ave Maris Stella, 5) Angelus, 6) Flos Carmeli, 7) Ave Maria, 8) Magnificat, 9) Memorare, 10) Regina Caeli/Coeli, 11) Salve Regina, 12) Sub Tuum Praesidum.
The Concurrent Prevalence Of Modernism And Romanticism As Seen In The Operas Performed Between The World Wars And Exemplified In Ernst Krenek’S Jonny Spielt Auf, Nicole Fassold
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Ernst Krenek’s 1927 opera Jonny Spielt Auf represents Zeitoper, or “opera of the times”. The opera’s story line and characters symbolize Krenek’s internal debate of a divided artistic world between all that is modern and innovative and the older mindset of romanticism, both of which he used in his compositions. This dissertation intends to peer into Krenek’s world and influences of the 1920s to consider the symbols in the opera that represent Modernism and Romanticism. The Golden Age of the Weimar Republic occurred from 1924 to 1929, between the World Wars. During this time, Austrian and German composers had the …
Nossa Senhora De Fátima, Anthony Elia
Nossa Senhora De Fátima, Anthony Elia
Bridwell Library Research
Nossa Senhora de Fátima is one choral piece of the planned 12-part "Marian Cycle" based on some twelve Latin (and other) texts about the Virgin Mary. The work is written for three voices--reflecting the children who witnessed the Fatima vision in Portugal. Likewise, the language of the text is in Portuguese, rather than Latin. The planned works include the following, but may have others added later--such as the present work: 1) Stabat Mater, 2) Ave Regina Caelorum, 3) Alma Redemptoris Mater, 4) Ave Maris Stella, 5) Angelus, 6) Flos Carmeli, 7) Ave Maria, 8) Magnificat, 9) Memorare, 10) Regina Caeli/Coeli, …
Ave, Regina Caelorum, Anthony Elia
Ave, Regina Caelorum, Anthony Elia
Bridwell Library Research
Ave, Regina Caelorum is one choral piece of the planned 12-part "Marian Cycle" based on some twelve Latin (and other) texts about the Virgin Mary. The composer began the piece "Ave, Regina Caelorum" in 2013 but only finished it in 2020. The Stabat Mater was completed in 2013 and published at Columbia University Academic Commons. The planned works include the following, but may have others added later: 1) Stabat Mater, 2) Ave Regina Caelorum, 3) Alma Redemptoris Mater, 4) Ave Maris Stella, 5) Angelus, 6) Flos Carmeli, 7) Ave Maria, 8) Magnificat, 9) Memorare, 10) Regina Caeli/Coeli, 11) Salve Regina, …
“Compassionate Dictatorship”: Leading Old Singers In Community Choirs In Australia, Dawn Joseph Dr, Jane Southcott Dr
“Compassionate Dictatorship”: Leading Old Singers In Community Choirs In Australia, Dawn Joseph Dr, Jane Southcott Dr
The Qualitative Report
In Australia, the ageing population generate challenges, pressures and opportunities for both governmental and community organisations. Involvement in community choirs offers older people diverse benefits that increase with ongoing participation. The music directors/conductors (MD/C) of community choirs are pivotal in the success of ensembles. This paper forms part of our wider study into Well-being and ageing: community, diversity and the arts in Victoria, Australia and addresses the questions, how do music directors/conductors (MD/C) of community choirs understand working with older people? And, how do older choir members understand the role of their MD/C? We interviewed two MD/Cs and thematically analysed …
The Seven Valleys For Orchestra And A Study Of Music Composition Pedagogy, Niloufar Iravani
The Seven Valleys For Orchestra And A Study Of Music Composition Pedagogy, Niloufar Iravani
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This dissertation consists of two parts. The first part consists of an original orchestral work, The Seven Valleys, featuring seven movements, each of which presents various musical elements. The piece is a symphonic poem inspired by a chapter with the same name in the celebrated masterpiece of Persian literature, The Conference of the Birds, by the 12th-century poet Farid ud-Din Attar. The second part presents a study of music composition pedagogy, investigating past and present pedagogical practices in music composition. Chapter 3 provides a conceptual and historical examination of music composition pedagogy. Chapter 4 surveys the …
A Conductor's Guide To Dale Trumbore's How To Go On, Stuart Dameron
A Conductor's Guide To Dale Trumbore's How To Go On, Stuart Dameron
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
How To Go On is a thirty-five minute work for a cappella choir composed by Dale Trumbore from 2015 to 2017. Since its premiere, How To Go On has been performed by notable choral ensembles including The Esoterics, the Harvard-Radcliffe Collegium Musicum, the Los Angeles Master Chorale, The Singers: Minnesota Choral Artists, and Webster University’s Chamber Singers. The work was awarded the ASCAP Morton Gould Young Composer Award in 2017.
This dissertation serves as an analysis and conductor’s guide for this work through the fulfillment of several purposes: a detailed and thorough investigation into the background and history behind the …
Advanced Analysis Mus 516, Jim Kinnie
Advanced Orchestration Mus 517, Jim Kinnie
Advanced Orchestration Mus 517, Jim Kinnie
Library Impact Statements
No abstract provided.
Emergent Formal Functions In Schubert's Piano Sonatas, Yiqing Ma
Emergent Formal Functions In Schubert's Piano Sonatas, Yiqing Ma
LSU Master's Theses
Drawing on the work of Janet Schmalfeldt and William Caplin, I explore the way in which emergent formal function determines our perception of form in four piano sonata movements by Schubert: D.840, D.845, D.850 and D.894. Janet Schmalfeldt adapts the notion of formal function to directly address the dialectic between “being” and “becoming,” approaching formal function from a phenomenological perspective. Building on her work, I define emergent formal function as a formal function that is conditioned by how the listener’s expectations change. It is an important analytical tool that helps us understand how and why Schubert’s sonata forms depart from …
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders: A Musical Adaptation, Krista Connelly
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders: A Musical Adaptation, Krista Connelly
Glenn Korff School of Music: Dissertations, Theses, Student Creative Work, and Performances
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders is an original song cycle for soprano and baritone voices with Pierrot ensemble (flute/piccolo, B-flat clarinet/bass clarinet, violin, cello, piano, and percussion), utilizing poetry taken from Autumn Slaughter’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders-Poetry. Of Slaughter’s poetic interpretation of 35 of the diagnoses within the psychiatric manual (the DSM-5), eleven poems/diagnoses are used for this musical work. This document is an analysis of the theoretical constructs of each movement and the musical representation of the poem and diagnosis.
Advisor: Tyler G. White
Designing Collaborative And Mediated Experiences With Networked Circuit-Bent Devices, Anthony T. Marasco, Tate Carson, Matthew A. Bardin
Designing Collaborative And Mediated Experiences With Networked Circuit-Bent Devices, Anthony T. Marasco, Tate Carson, Matthew A. Bardin
School of Music Faculty Publications
Circuit bending provides creative methods of generating sound by subverting a device’s normal operation through hacking. While the means of interacting with hacked devices in performance are primarily limited to tactile controls and explicitly mapped actions, exploring alternative methods of engaging with these instruments would allow for mediation systems and collaborative performance design to enhance the use of nostalgic devices in audio/visual art. This paper discusses the artistic benefits of blending the musical and aesthetic practices of circuit bending with the field of networked musical performance. We present the artistic benefits of traditional circuit bending and methods of extending networked …
A Musically Embedded Curriculum For Rural Elementary Schools, Rachael Marie Dubay
A Musically Embedded Curriculum For Rural Elementary Schools, Rachael Marie Dubay
Masters Theses
Rural school districts across the nation have been at a crossroads for decades. The amount of funding and resources provided to these small towns is often meager and falls short to provide the schools and students with the proper education, teacher training, curriculum, building maintenance, and other necessary educational materials. School officials and board members in these areas across the nation each year have had to make the hard decisions of what to prioritize and what will have to fall by the wayside. Unfortunately, cuts in budgetary and educational reform have regularly faced music education programs and it has become …
Music Education Transformation: How Orff, Kodaly, And Suzuki Promote Academic Success, Michelle M. Angeli
Music Education Transformation: How Orff, Kodaly, And Suzuki Promote Academic Success, Michelle M. Angeli
Masters Theses
We all need Music in our lives. Music education is valued less in the education system, but present data from these literature sources of articles, books, and research, tells us another story. For decades school systems have struggled with whether or not to include Music in the education system. There are many values for Music, including individual growth and development. In this research study, I intend to showcase the central benefits of Music to help show there is a need for these programs and to help promote music programs based on their own merits and not just because of academic …
Singing In Synchrony: A Feasibility Study Of Interpersonal Familiarity And Movement Synchrony In Group Singing, Sheridan Rockwell Brown
Singing In Synchrony: A Feasibility Study Of Interpersonal Familiarity And Movement Synchrony In Group Singing, Sheridan Rockwell Brown
Masters Theses
In a time when social isolation and decreased in-person interactions pose increasing risks for physical, emotional, and mental well-being, it is more important than ever to find ways to combat the negative consequences of social isolation. Moving in synchrony with others and singing with others have both been identified as social activities through which social bonding may occur, yet little is known about the role of natural movement synchrony in group singing. This study sought to explore the feasibility of using motion capture technology to examine the natural head movements of groups of four participants singing together. The study consisted …
Singing With Strangers: A Feasibility Study Examining The Effect Of Interpersonal Familiarity On Social Bonding During Group Singing, Molly Grettenberger
Singing With Strangers: A Feasibility Study Examining The Effect Of Interpersonal Familiarity On Social Bonding During Group Singing, Molly Grettenberger
Masters Theses
Social isolation and loneliness have become major health concerns in today’s world, and the healthcare field needs effective approaches to ameliorating the effects of social isolation and loneliness and increasing opportunities for social bonding. Group singing may be one such approach. This feasibility study focused specifically on interpersonal familiarity during shortterm, small-group singing and its effect on the subjective experience of social bonding. A between-groups design and group interviews were used to examine the subjective experience of social bonding resulting from singing. Two groups of four, including one familiar group and one group of strangers, engaged in a brief group …
Analyzing Perceptions Of Music From A Songwriting Perspective, Jackson Stephen Reynosa
Analyzing Perceptions Of Music From A Songwriting Perspective, Jackson Stephen Reynosa
Communication Studies
This study seeks to understand listeners’ perceptions of music from a generational and songwriting approach. A total of 123 participants aged 18 and older took part in an open-ended survey design that measured their subjective music preferences. Four different sections tested participants’ music taste, music tied to generations, an original song made by the researcher, and songwriting in a holistic sense. It was found that participants exercised individualism and authenticity in their responses throughout. By using the Uses and Gratifications Theory, it is explainable that people listened and sought out music for their own unique reasons. By applying Mood Management …
The Mutability Of The Score: An Examination Of The Value Of Score Alteration In Virtuosic Piano Repertoire, Wayne Weng
The Mutability Of The Score: An Examination Of The Value Of Score Alteration In Virtuosic Piano Repertoire, Wayne Weng
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
This dissertation is a defense of the value of score alteration in virtuosic piano repertoire. Score alteration is a performance practice, much heard during the so-called “Golden Age” of pianism, in which pianists would freely modify the score in order to suit their interpretation and make their performances more effective. In our present age of urtext editions and absolute fidelity to the score, I believe that a re-examination of score alteration is crucial to any modern performer.
I have examined numerous recordings and performances (many of them rare and not commercially released), to explore how the practice of score modification …
Encounters: System For Creative Improvisation, Drake R. Andersen
Encounters: System For Creative Improvisation, Drake R. Andersen
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Encounters is an indeterminate musical composition or, more precisely, a flexible system for creative improvisation. Performers improvise and interact with one another through four possible games whose instructions are laid out in the performance materials. This version of Encounters includes parts for flute, clarinet in B-flat, violin, viola, cello, double bass, percussion and piano, reflecting the performing forces of the premiere. However, the instrumentation is open, and any of the parts can be adapted to other instruments contingent upon the range and transposition of the particular instrument. The duration is indeterminate.
Audio Quality As Content: Everyday Criticism Of The Lo-Fi Format, Elizabeth Newton
Audio Quality As Content: Everyday Criticism Of The Lo-Fi Format, Elizabeth Newton
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
This dissertation examines the matter of authenticity with respect to audio recordings. In the early 1990s, the term “lo-fi” (“low-fidelity”) emerged as a label used to categorize many different types of popular music, indicating widespread fascination with what I call audio quality, the perceived character of an audio recording. I define audio quality as the relationship between content and mediation, which varies greatly by circumstance. My archival research of zines, press releases, and correspondence examines this relationship in three case studies: Wu-Tang Clan, Bratmobile, and Elliott Smith. I posit the lo-fi format as a critical structure that emerged in …
'Odd Secrets Of The Line': Emily Dickinson And The Uses Of Folk, Wendy Tronrud
'Odd Secrets Of The Line': Emily Dickinson And The Uses Of Folk, Wendy Tronrud
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Emily Dickinson and her poetry have famously been used as a defining example of American lyric poetry. The traditional scholarly perspective maintains that the lyric poem and its speaker exist in isolation and at a remove from social and political contexts. Recent scholarship on American poetry of the long nineteenth century, however, has taken a more historical and cultural turn, reconsidering how poetic and vernacular forms and genres circulated both privately and publicly. “Odd Secrets of the Line”: Emily Dickinson and the Uses of Folk joins this conversation by theorizing how Dickinson’s poetry, written during the 1859-1865 period, registers the …
Scaffolding Autonomy In The Practice Room: A Mixed Methods Study Examining The Impact Of Digital Scaffolds On High School String Musicians' Self-Correction And Improvement Of Pitch And Rhythmic Accuracy During Independent Music Practicing, Brittany Rom
Glenn Korff School of Music: Dissertations, Theses, Student Creative Work, and Performances
The purpose of this study was to gain insight into the deficiencies and capabilities of high school string players in the practice room, through a mixed methods within- subjects experiment exploring the impact of digital scaffolds on pitch and rhythmic accuracy growth, self-assessment, self-correction, and other self-regulatory behavior during independent music practicing. Sixty high school string students individually completed a 30-minute practice session divided into four practice conditions with the order randomly assigned (1.Model, 2.Model+Playback, 3.Model+Playback+Feedback, and 4.Control). During each practice condition, performances at sight-read (pretest), during practicing (formative), and after practicing (posttest) were assessed for pitch and rhythmic accuracy …
The Limits Of Indeterminacy: The Performance And Analysis Of Selected Indeterminate Compositions By John Cage And Earle Brown, Drake R. Andersen
The Limits Of Indeterminacy: The Performance And Analysis Of Selected Indeterminate Compositions By John Cage And Earle Brown, Drake R. Andersen
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
This study elucidates the relationship between notation, performance practice, and musical realization in several indeterminate compositions by John Cage and Earle Brown. While both Cage and Brown emphasized the multiplicity of possible outcomes in these works, the distinct configurations of fixed and unfixed elements in each ensure particular kinds of musical results to the exclusion of others. In tracing the musical limits and possibilities of each work, this research project also seeks to correct a longstanding belief that indeterminate music is not meaningfully responsive to the tools of music theory.
Chapter one historicizes the emergence, presentation, and reception of indeterminate …