A Study Of Performance Based Budgeting Reforms In The National Park Service And Their Effects On Agency Management And Operations,
2015
Wayne State University
A Study Of Performance Based Budgeting Reforms In The National Park Service And Their Effects On Agency Management And Operations, Nichole Marie Fifer
Wayne State University Dissertations
This is a case study of performance-based and budgeting reforms in National Park Service (NPS). The study examines the effects of reform initiatives on the agency’s administration, budgeting, and management. Previous research suggests that current reform initiatives are more effective than those of the past. Further research on reforms suggests reform impacts, while small or non-existent at the agency level may be significant at the sub-agency level. The main reform studied here is performance based budgeting (PBB), under the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA). Its purpose is to improve policy implementation at the “street level.” If working as intended, …
Identifying Functional Characteristics That Influence Team Outcomes,
2015
Walden University
Identifying Functional Characteristics That Influence Team Outcomes, Eduardo Diego Diaz
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Industry and research have shown that, in addition to the knowledge, skills, and abilities of individuals, other factors play an influential role in the efficiency of a team. The research questions for this study examined the influence of functional characteristics, defined as the cognitive and evaluative processes such as intentions, emotions, planning, and perception that influence decisions, on team outcomes and the time it takes to complete a task. Using a quantitative, experimental research design, the research questions were grounded in personality systems interactions as the theoretical framework. Analysis of variance was applied to evaluate the hypotheses with an independent …
Productivity Standards, Marriage And Family Therapist Job Satisfaction, And Turnover Intent,
2015
Walden University
Productivity Standards, Marriage And Family Therapist Job Satisfaction, And Turnover Intent, Gilbert Ernest Franco
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Turnover among mental health professionals is high, which can have a direct impact on access to services and continuity of care. Informed by goal-setting theory, social-cognitive theory, and self-efficacy, this quantitative study investigated how California community mental health agency productivity standards were related to self-efficacy, job satisfaction, and marriage and family therapist (MFT) turnover intent among 141 MFTs. Participants completed a Demographic and Productivity Questionnaire, Job Self-Efficacy Scale, Job Satisfaction Scale, and Turnover Intention Scale. The relationship between participant age, gender, experience, number of work hours, licensure status, and job site with job satisfaction and turnover intent were assessed using …
A Survey Of Probation Officers' Opinions: Risk Assessments,
2015
Walden University
A Survey Of Probation Officers' Opinions: Risk Assessments, Kenika Kiante' Canty
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The U. S. criminal justice system has used risk assessment tools in an effort to reduce recidivism and risk assessment tools are now commonplace. Correctional organizations, however, have struggled with officers' resistance to these tools in spite of the evidence for their utility. There is limited research that explores the impact of resistance to organizational change within the context of correctional agencies. To address that gap, this correlational study used organizational change theory to examine officers' resistance to the use of risk assessment tools based on officers' opinions of the risk assessment tool being used in North Carolina. Data were …
Effective Methods Of Communicating Organizational Values: A Case Study,
2015
Andrews University
Effective Methods Of Communicating Organizational Values: A Case Study, Caralin B. Mchan
Master's Theses
Organizational values affect business success, and employee satisfaction and commitment. Value training begins during socialization. This qualitative case study of Adventist Frontier Missions explored effective methods the organization’s trainers used to communicate and motivate newcomers to assimilate organizational values during the2015 short-term missions training. Through observation, surveys, focus groups and interviews, I found that newcomers were motivated by seeing a connection between the organization’s values and its mission, and by seeing the values enacted by the trainers. I also found that newcomers perceived nonverbal communication of organizational values to be integral to their value-assimilation process. These findings should be useful …
Deception In Cosmetics Advertising: Examining Cosmetics Advertising Claims In Fashion Magazine Ads / 化妆品广告中的欺骗:分析时尚杂志广告中的化妆品广告,
2015
Valdosta State University
Deception In Cosmetics Advertising: Examining Cosmetics Advertising Claims In Fashion Magazine Ads / 化妆品广告中的欺骗:分析时尚杂志广告中的化妆品广告, Jie G. Fowler, Timothy H. Reisenwitz, Les Carlson
Department of Marketing: Faculty Publications
The FDA has only focused upon the physical safety of cosmetics and has ignored the significant reasonability of advertising claims. As such, the present article is intended to examine/ascertain the extent to which cosmetics claims contain deceptive content in fashion ads. Through a content analysis, the study reported herein revealed that cosmetics claims were not evenly distributed. To that end, the preponderance of the claims appeared to be described primarily by three categories (scientific, performance and subjective). The results also showed that more cosmetics claims were classified as deceptive than were deemed as acceptable. Close examination of these trends revealed …
The Recruitment Paradox: Network Recruitment, Structural Position, And East German Market Transition,
2015
Duke University
The Recruitment Paradox: Network Recruitment, Structural Position, And East German Market Transition, Richard A. Benton, Steve Mcdonald, Anna Manzoni, David F. Warner
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
Economic institutions structure links between labor-market informality and social stratification. The present study explores how periods of institutional change and post-socialist market transition alter network-based job finding, in particular informal recruitment. We highlight how market transitions affect both the prevalence and distribution of network-based recruitment channels: open-market environments reduce informal recruitment’s prevalence but increase its association with high wages. We test these propositions using the case of the former East Germany’s market transition and a comparison with West Germany’s more stable institutional environment. Following transition, workers in lower tiers increasingly turned toward formal intermediaries, active employee search, and socially “disembedded” …
Beyond The Bright Side: Dark Personality At Work,
2015
University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Beyond The Bright Side: Dark Personality At Work, Peter D. Harms, Seth M. Spain
P. D. Harms Publications
Despite the long history of the psychological study of dark personality characteristics and the recent surge of interest in the topic, much work remains to fully understand the breadth and depth of the impact of dark personality in the workplace. This commentary briefly covers the history of dark personality, discusses the place of this special issue within that history, and then proposes a number of avenues for future research in terms of defining, measuring, and providing a more comprehensive theoretical framework for the study of dark personality.
Effects Of Psychological Capital On Mental Health And Substance Abuse,
2015
University of Texas at San Antonio
Effects Of Psychological Capital On Mental Health And Substance Abuse, Dina V. Krasikova, Paul B. Lester, Peter D. Harms
P. D. Harms Publications
Luthans, Youssef, Sweetman, and Harms proposed a holistic approach to psychological capital that involves examining psychological capital and its effects across multiple life domains, including work, relationships, and health. This article focuses on the effects of psychological capital on objective health outcomes. Using data from a sample of 1,889 U.S. Army soldiers, we demonstrate that soldiers with higher levels of psychological capital prior to deployment were less likely to receive diagnoses for mental health problems and substance abuse postdeployment. In addition, the effects of psychological capital on mental health diagnoses were mediated by soldiers’ overall health perceptions.
Can Resilience Be Developed At Work? A Meta-Analytic Review Of Resilience-Building Programme Effectiveness,
2015
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Can Resilience Be Developed At Work? A Meta-Analytic Review Of Resilience-Building Programme Effectiveness, Adam J. Vanhove, Mitchel Herian, Alycia L. U. Perez, Peter D. Harms, Paul B. Lester
P. D. Harms Publications
Organizations have increasingly sought to adopt resilience-building programmes to prevent absenteeism, counterproductive work behaviour, and other stress-related issues. However, the effectiveness of these programmes remains unclear as a comprehensive review of existing primary evidence has not been undertaken. Using 42 independent samples across 37 studies, the present meta-analysis sought to address this limitation in the literature by summarizing the effectiveness of resilience-building programmes implemented in organizational contexts. Results demonstrated that the overall effect of such programmes was small (d = 0.21) and that programme effects diminish over time (dproximal = 0.26 vs. ddistal = 0.07). Alternatively, …
Promoting Fairness In The Workplace: Identifying And Overcoming The Barriers To Managerial Fairness In Organizations,
2015
Wilfrid Laurier University
Promoting Fairness In The Workplace: Identifying And Overcoming The Barriers To Managerial Fairness In Organizations, David B. Whiteside
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Research examining “justice as a dependent variable” has largely focused on examining the factors that can promote fairness in the workplace whereas significantly less attention has been devoted to understanding the barriers and obstacles that can exist throughout the fairness process. This is an important gap in the literature because the absence of fairness can also have considerable implications for organizations. In this dissertation, I argue that it is important to adopt a “barriers to fairness” approach that sheds more light on how these obstacles can affect managers’ fair behavior. Specifically, I present a typology of the different barriers to …
Diversity, Inclusion And Organizational Citizenship Behaviours: A Study Of Nurses In The Irish Healthcare Sector,
2015
Cork Institute of Technology
Diversity, Inclusion And Organizational Citizenship Behaviours: A Study Of Nurses In The Irish Healthcare Sector, Deirdre O'Donovan
PhDs
This thesis focuses on inclusion, national culture and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) in the Irish healthcare sector. Due to the high number of migrant nurses employed in the sector, the level of understaffing and subsequent requirement for effective performance and behaviours, the Irish healthcare sector was chosen as the primnary focus for the research. In particular, the study draws on in-depth interviews undertaken with 37 nurses and midwives, from four cultures, currently employed in hospitals in Cork. Analysis of the interviews resulted in the identification of a number of findings. One significant finding concerns the identification of a set of …
National Culture And Leadership Style In A Multicultural Environment: The Luxembourg Case,
2015
Sacred Heart University, Luxembourg
National Culture And Leadership Style In A Multicultural Environment: The Luxembourg Case, Petra Garnjost, Stephen M. Brown, Jeanine K. Andreassi
WCBT Faculty Publications
Hofstede’s research on cultural differences and its implication for management style has been reviewed and acknowledged for decades. His findings suggest cultural dimensions have strong impact on expected behavior of supervisors and subordinates. The GLOBE survey identified leadership styles that work in any cultural environment. There is a strong indicator that in addi-tion to cultural specific leadership styles there is also a universal one. The leadership categories identified by GLOBE as universally effective, were very similar to the dimensions of transforma-tional leadership. This paper analyzes nationality as a predictor of Transformational Leadership style with a sample of 250 managers from …
The Role Of Information Technology Organizational Design In Firms' Ability To Innovate,
2015
Walden University
The Role Of Information Technology Organizational Design In Firms' Ability To Innovate, Hassan S. Halimi
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Information technology (IT) organizations have become an integral part of many firms, with increasing strategic significance. Consequently, investments in IT represent a significant percentage of a firm's expenditure. Despite the investment, the business value of IT has been difficult to quantify, creating uncertainty about a firm's investments in IT innovation. The purpose of this nonexperimental study was to examine relationships between a firm's innovativeness and 3 IT organizational design factors: knowledge creation, dynamic capabilities, and communication structures. The research questions addressed the relationships between a firm's ability to innovate and specific design elements of the IT organization. The study was …
Organizational Innovation's Moderation Of Culture Effects On Company Financial Performance,
2015
Walden University
Organizational Innovation's Moderation Of Culture Effects On Company Financial Performance, Christopher Lee Slaughter
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Despite 40 years of research, little is known about what moderates the relationship between organizational culture and company financial performance. This quantitative study examined if innovation moderates the relationship between an organization's culture, as measured by the Denison Organizational Culture Survey, and a company's financial performance, as indicated by return on assets (ROA). Understanding if innovation moderates the relationship between organizational culture and ROA could help business leaders foster a culture that maximizes financial performance. Lewin's field theory was the theoretical foundation explaining organizational culture. Denison Consulting provided the archival dataset, which included organizational culture scores and ROA data for …
Self Efficacy Of African American Women In Leadership Roles,
2015
Walden University
Self Efficacy Of African American Women In Leadership Roles, Varil Deloise Williams
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Little research has focused on developing female African American leaders. A mixed methods study examined the influence of conservation of resources (COR) and locus of control (LOC) on the self-efficacy (SE) of 26 female African American leaders. It also explored the role of mentoring and spirituality in leadership development for a subset of 5 participants. Data were obtained using a demographic questionnaire, the General SE Scale, the COR Evaluation Gain scale, and the LOC Assessment, along with transcribed responses to mentoring and spirituality interview questions. Pearson correlations run between age, education, and income, as well as COR, LOC, and SE …
The Relationship Between Self-Efficacy And Employee Commitment Among Perfusionists,
2015
Walden University
The Relationship Between Self-Efficacy And Employee Commitment Among Perfusionists, Gilbert F. Garcia
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Certified clinical perfusionists (CCPs) operate a variety of complex, invasive devices to provide heart-lung support. Job-related stress has been identified as having unfavorable influences on self-efficacy and commitment of employees in many domains, but this relationship has not been examined among CCPs. Guided by self-efficacy theory and organizational commitment model, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether a relationship exists between self-efficacy and commitment among CCPs and the extent to which age, gender, workload, experience, or education impacted CCPs' commitment. Data were collected from 264 respondents via 2 established survey instruments: the organizational commitment questionnaire and the work …
Exploring Antecedents To Work Engagement And Psychological Well-Being Within A Canadian Provincial Ministry,
2015
Walden University
Exploring Antecedents To Work Engagement And Psychological Well-Being Within A Canadian Provincial Ministry, Kris Ellis
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
A gap exists in organizational development strategies on why some individuals remain disengaged with their work. This study addressed whether a combination of specific contextual factors could support individuals, teams, and leaders to demonstrate the attitudes and behaviors consistent with work engagement. The theoretical frameworks of social constructivism, the conceptual framework of symbolic interactionism, and a hermeneutic inquiry approach were used to address how individual psychological traits/abilities of employees support work engagement. Nineteen employees of a Canadian provincial government ministry completed an engagement survey, MSCEIT, MBTI, and SDI assessments. They also participated in focus groups. Survey results showed high engagement …
Ethical Insights Of Early 21st-Century Corporate Leaders,
2015
Walden University
Ethical Insights Of Early 21st-Century Corporate Leaders, Kevin B. Jones
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
From 2001 to 2010, a lack of documented standards within ethics programs inhibited decision making, management practices, and corporate strategies for corporate leaders in the United States. Seminal theories in transformational, charismatic, servant, spiritual, and ethical leadership formed the conceptual framework for this phenomenological study, whose intent was to explore how senior leaders of Fortune 500 companies in Washington, DC integrated ethics into daily business decisions and the role in organizational performance. A convenience sample of 20 Fortune 500 leaders participated in face-to-face semistructured interviews to explore the assessment, definition, and documentation of various ethical standards in the company; the …
Leadership Strategies To Influence Employee Engagement In Health Care,
2015
Walden University
Leadership Strategies To Influence Employee Engagement In Health Care, John David Vizzuso
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Hospitals are in a precarious financial position with declining reimbursement, eroding profit margins, and low patient satisfaction. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 reform may decrease hospital reimbursement by $500 billion from 2010 to 2020, while low patient satisfaction may decrease profitability for hospitals by 27%. Employee disengagement may decrease patient satisfaction and consumer loyalty. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of health care leaders as they worked to engage employees and provide better patient care. Improving patient care provides opportunities to capture new market shares, which increases sustainability of health …
