Control Of Invasive Plant Spartina Alterniflora: Concept, Technology And Practice,
2023
CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Restoration/Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Coastal Zone Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
Yellow River Delta Ecology Research Station of Coastal Wetland, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dongying 257500, China
Control Of Invasive Plant Spartina Alterniflora: Concept, Technology And Practice, Baohua Xie, Guangxuan Han
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Alien Species Spartina alterniflora occupy the living space of native animals and plants, and lead to the reduction of biodiversity in the intertidal zone and wetland ecological service functions. Therefore, it is urgent to curb the rapid expansion of S. alterniflora in China’s coastal areas. This paper introduced the invasion situation and main ecological hazards of S. alterniflora in China, as well as put forward the concept of S. alterniflora control of “hazard assessment – zoning control – monitoring and early warning”. We summarized the control technologies of S. alterniflora at home and abroad and the current situation of S. …
Spatial Agglomeration And Environmental Effects Of Heavy Polluting Industries In China: Characteristics And Enlightenment,
2023
CAS Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Spatial Agglomeration And Environmental Effects Of Heavy Polluting Industries In China: Characteristics And Enlightenment, Hongyang Chen, Jianhui Yu, Wenzhong Zhang
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Heavy polluting industries are the important sources of industrial pollutant. Understanding the spatial agglomeration characteristics, influencing factors, agglomeration mechanism and environmental effects of China’s heavy polluting industries can help identify potential pollution risk areas to cope with increasingly severe environmental pollution problems. Based on the industrial economic data from 1999 to 2021, the spatial distribution and agglomeration characteristics of heavy polluting industries are characterized. It is found that: (1) Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Guangdong are the regions with high output value of the development of heavy polluting industries in the past 20 years, while Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan, …
Five Issues And Countermeasures Of China Cropland Resource Use,
2023
State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Five Issues And Countermeasures Of China Cropland Resource Use, Sijing Ye, Changqing Song, Changxiu Cheng, Peichao Gao, Shi Shen, Wangshu Mu
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Understand the cropland use situation, analyze management countermeasures, and explore the regional suitable cropland use mode are important prerequisites for the implementation of the strictest protection of cultivated land strategy with Chinese characteristics. At present, the cropland resource utilization in China is facing the five issues of non-agricultural, non-grain, fragmentation, marginalization, and ecological degradation. This study estimates the spatial-temporal changes of these cropland use issues in China, analyzes the challenges of cropland use governance from the aspects of complex driving factors, phase characteristics, cognitive differences of responsible subjects, and dynamic changes of external factors. On this basis, the countermeasures of …
Commonalities And Differences In Governments’ Covid-19 Public Health Responses Around The World,
2023
Binghamton University--SUNY
Commonalities And Differences In Governments’ Covid-19 Public Health Responses Around The World, Olga Shvetsova, Andrei Zhirnov
Political Science Faculty Scholarship
As the world enters the era of increased frequency of global health crises and natural disasters, with climate change looming as an ever-present threat, how we govern ourselves matters for the ways in which we will live through these difficult times. The authors in this volume provide observations backed by mixed methods of analysis on the many ways in which government organization and political realities affect crisis response and crisis management. In this chapter, we further strengthen the validity of their findings with large N global sample analyses where the timing and stringency of the adoption of public health policies …
How Can China Avoid The Middle-Technology Trap?,
2023
The Institute for International Affairs, Qianhai, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China
How Can China Avoid The Middle-Technology Trap?, Yongnian Zheng
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
No matter from the perspective of supply chain, industrial chain or value chain, China’s current technology is generally at a middle-technology level. The status quo of Chinese technological development has the following three characteristics. First, there is a lack of original technology, which means technological creation from “0 to 1”. Second, technological development is mainly applied technology. If we measure China’s level of applied technology development from “1 to 10”, China is in the position of “4 to 7” on the scale of “1 to 10”, but lacks the technical level of “8 to 10”. In other words, China’s applied …
Empirical Analysis For China’S Middle-Technology Status,
2023
The Institute for International Affairs, Qianhai, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China
Empirical Analysis For China’S Middle-Technology Status, Ge Lai, Bo Meng
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
After years of development, it is evident that China’s manufacturing industry has been seen a significant improvement in its scale and coverage. However, it has still not broken free from the dilemma of being big but not strong, comprehensive but not excellent. This phenomenon has garnered extensive attention from both the academic and policy communities. This study contends that technological progress is the core of high-quality development in the manufacturing industry. Through empirical research, it is discovered that for latecomer countries in the early stages of economic development, achieving economic growth and income improvement through technology imitation is relatively feasible. …
Concept Of Dual-Track System For Enhancing China’S Scientific Research Institution And R&D System,
2023
School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China
Concept Of Dual-Track System For Enhancing China’S Scientific Research Institution And R&D System, Lu Chen, Ping Huang
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Through an analysis of the scientific research institution and R&D system of three typical models in the United States, Germany, and Japan, this study summarizes six common characteristics of the scientific research institution and R&D system. Based on this, it analyzes the current status and issues of China’s scientific research institution and R&D system. Finally, this study proposes the establishment of a dual-track scientific research institution and R&D system. On the one hand, it suggests creating a new track of R&D policies aimed at the private sector to address questions like why innovate, where to innovate, and how to innovate …
How To Improve Pure Basic Research System In China?,
2023
The Institute for International Affairs, Qianhai, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China
How To Improve Pure Basic Research System In China?, Randong Yuan
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
A major pillar of the new innovation-driven three-pronged development model is pure basic research. With the development of an innovation-driven economy, pure basic research has become increasingly important in promoting scientific and technological progress. In the past few decades, China has made a lot of progress in pure basic research. However, in the new three-pronged development model consisting of the pure basic research system, the applied technology system and the financial support system, pure basic research is generally where China’s weakness lies. This study proposes that in order to comprehensively improve China’s pure basic research capabilities, we must first clarify …
Scientific And Technological Population, Tacit Technological Knowledge And Applied Technological System In China,
2023
The Institute for International Affairs, Qianhai, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China
Scientific And Technological Population, Tacit Technological Knowledge And Applied Technological System In China, Randong Yuan
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
One of the conditions for breaking through the middle-technology trap is that there are some companies or institutions that could transform basic research into applied technologies. The progress of applied technology, as well as the inventions and new products and services produced by the applied technology system, play an important role in increasing productivity, improving quality of life, and promoting social and economic development. Different from the situation in basic scientific research, China’s applied technology used to be among the most advanced in the world in history. It was not until the Industrial Revolution in Europe in the 18th century …
How Does China’S Chip Industry Overcome Middle-Technology Trap?,
2023
Institute of Public Policy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
How Does China’S Chip Industry Overcome Middle-Technology Trap?, Rui Tan
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Due to China’s great attention to and strong support for the chip industry, China’s chip technology level has made considerable progress. Nevertheless, compared with the United States, Europe, Japan, South Korea, and other countries, there is still a big gap. Specially, in the high-end chip product market, the scenario that China is subject to others has not been fundamentally changed. This study finds that to solve the stuck neck problem of China’s chip industry, it is needed to analyze internal institutional factors. China’s chip technology progress requires joint promotion from multiple actors, namely, government, enterprises, universities and research institutions to …
How Enterprises Achieve Technological Progress Through Openness?,
2023
The Institute for International Affairs, Qianhai, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China
How Enterprises Achieve Technological Progress Through Openness?, Yongnian Zheng, Lanmeng Xu
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
As the main body of a country’s economic activities, enterprises play an important role in transforming basic scientific research into applied technology to achieve technological upgrading of national industries. It is crucial to explore how Chinese enterprises can achieve rapid technological upgrading and industrial transformation in order to realize the transition from quantitative economic development to high-quality economic development. It is worth noting that in key technological fields such as chips, precision manufacturing, medical devices, and artificial intelligence, core technologies are still firmly controlled by enterprises in developed countries such as Europe, the United States, Japan, and South Korea. Currently, …
Overcoming Middle-Technology Trap: Role Of Regional Science And Technology Innovation Highlands,
2023
The Guangzhou Institute of the Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou 510700, China
Overcoming Middle-Technology Trap: Role Of Regional Science And Technology Innovation Highlands, Dongni He, Da Yi
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Building regional scientific and technological innovation highlands is an important solution to the problem of the middle-technology trap. Scientific and technological innovation highlands play significant roles on and carry out major tasks such as breaking through original technological innovation barriers, facilitating efficient conversion of scientific and technological fruits, attracting and gathering global high-end innovation factors, and creating an open and competitive innovation ecosystem. They serve as leaders, pioneers, and experimental fields in promoting the country to transcend the middle-technology trap. In this regard, this study attempts to review and summarize relevant literature on regional innovation systems, elucidate the role of …
Policy Research On Allocation Of Science And Technology Funds For State Key Laboratory After Reorganization,
2023
Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Bureau of Facility Support and Budget, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100864, China
Policy Research On Allocation Of Science And Technology Funds For State Key Laboratory After Reorganization, Bo Zhang, Xue Wang, Congli Sun
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
The state key laboratory is an important component of the national strategic scientific and technological strength. The CPC Central Committee made a major decision to reorganize the state key laboratory system, proposed to increase investment in the reorganized state key laboratory, and to reform support policies. Aiming to achieve sci-tech self-reliance and self-strengthening at higher levels, studying the funds allocation of state key laboratory in the new era has important practical and far-reaching significance. In the previous practice, China’s allocation of funds for state key laboratory has 4 problems, such as weak correlation between fund allocation and the mission orientation …
The 14-Day Rule For In Vitro Human Embryo Research Requires Adjustment: From A Comprehensive Perspective Of Science, Ethics And Policy Research,
2023
Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
The 14-Day Rule For In Vitro Human Embryo Research Requires Adjustment: From A Comprehensive Perspective Of Science, Ethics And Policy Research, Xiao Lu, Ming Zhao, Huihui Liu, Tianqing Li, Tao Tan, Weizhi Ji
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Since it was proposed, in vitro human embryo research had been following the 14-day rule, which limited in vitro research on human embryos within 14 days after fertilization. With the advancement in embryo culturing technology, this ethical rule has been greatly challenged. In 2021, the International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR) recommended a conditional extension of the existing time limit in ISSCR Guidelines for Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, hence the international scientific community has restarted the debate on the 14-day rule. This study systematically analyzed the historical background and controversies of the 14-day rule ethical regulation of …
Platform Practice And Exploration Of Science Popularization By One Body With Two Wings Mode: Take Innovation China-Academician Opening Lecture As An Example,
2023
China Science and Technology Press Co. Ltd., Beijing 100081, China
Platform Practice And Exploration Of Science Popularization By One Body With Two Wings Mode: Take Innovation China-Academician Opening Lecture As An Example, Kun Bai, Baoyu Jia
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Science popularization is not only an activity of the state and society to popularize scientific and technological knowledge, promote scientific spirit, propagate scientific ideas and advocate scientific method, but also an important foundation for achieving innovative development. Based on the in-depth study on General Secretary Xi Jinping important remarks of science and technology innovation and science popularization, and science communication Dialogue Model, this study puts forward a dynamic model of One Body with Two Wings. Combine with Innovation China-Academician Opening Lecture of science popularization practice, this study analyzes the effectiveness and experience of the expert groups represented by the academicians …
How To Bypass Middle-Technology Trap: Lessons From Successful Experience Of East Asian Economies,
2023
The Institute for International Affairs, Qianhai, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China
How To Bypass Middle-Technology Trap: Lessons From Successful Experience Of East Asian Economies, Ge Lai, Zilan Huang, Haoyan Yuan
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
In the second half of the 20th century, a few East Asian economies successfully bypassed the middle-technology trap through technological progress and industrial upgrading. How could these economies utilize foreign technology, thereby catching up with and surpassing the medium level of technological development, stepping into the edge of technological frontier? Their successful experience can be used by China to stride over the trap. This study analyzes the common elements of the success of these economies from both external and internal aspects. Externally, these economies happened to be benefited from an international business environment that is open and free. Consequently, the …
How To Improve Application Technology System?,
2023
The Guangzhou Institute of the Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou 510700, China
How To Improve Application Technology System?, Han Jiang, Weichuang Fang
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
One of the ways to break through the middle-technology trap is to require enterprises or institutions to transform basic scientific research into applied technology, which cannot be separated from the support of application technology systems. It has proven that a perfect application technology system is conducive to enhancing the country’s scientific and technological strength. China’s technological innovation has a clear application orientation, nevertheless, there are still some shortcomings in the application technology system. The constraints of traditional institutional mechanisms still exist, the contradiction between planned and market economic measures has not been completely resolved; research and application are relatively independent, …
Towards A Comprehensive Venture Capital Model: Enhancing China’S Innovation And Technology Ecosystem Through Global Insights,
2023
The Guangzhou Institute of GBA, Guangzhou 510700, China
Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
Towards A Comprehensive Venture Capital Model: Enhancing China’S Innovation And Technology Ecosystem Through Global Insights, Xuanming Pan, Aiwen Liu
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Innovation needs financial support. In the process of basic research and the transformation of applied technology, finance plays an important role. The risk appetite of the traditional financial system, however, fails to match with the financial demand of technology innovation. By contrast, venture capital fills the gaps in meeting the demand for funds, and simultaneously, plays the role of value discovery, guides the direction of research and development, and so on. In recent years, while China’s venture capital has developed rapidly, the venture capital system still needs to be improved. This study compares and analyzes the global representative models including …
Policy Overview (October, 2023),
2023
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Policy Overview (October, 2023)
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
No abstract provided.
The State-Led Platformisation Of Financial Services: Frictionless Ecosystems And An Expansive Logic Of "Smartness" In Singapore,
2023
Singapore Management University
The State-Led Platformisation Of Financial Services: Frictionless Ecosystems And An Expansive Logic Of "Smartness" In Singapore, Orlando Woods, Tim Bunnell, Lily Kong
Research Collection College of Integrative Studies
This article explores the role of the state in driving the platformisation of industry, and in doing so offers a counterpoint to scholarship that focusses on the exploitative effects of private sector-led platformisation. That scholarship views platformisation as the latest incarnation of neoliberal urbanism, with the profit-maximising tendencies of the private sector driving the proliferation of platforms throughout everyday life. Notwith- standing, there remains a need to consider alternative models of platformisation. Drawing on 31 interviews with architects of Singapore’s Smart Nation initiative, we consider the state-led platformisation of financial services. We argue that state-led platformisation can open up marketplaces …
