Computing System For Simulation Intelligence,
2024
Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Computing System For Simulation Intelligence, Guangming Tan, Weile Jia, Zhan Wang, Guojun Yuan, En Shao, Ninghui Sun
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
This study refers computer simulation in scientific research to as scientific simulation. Based on its narrow and broad definitions, this study divides scientific simulation into three stages: numerical computation, simulation intelligence, and science brain. Now, scientific simulation is entering the era of simulation intelligence, i. e., driven by scientific big data and artificial intelligence technology, scientific simulation is shifting from traditional numerical simulation to simulation integrated with artificial intelligence. In order to understand what the right computing system for simulation intelligence is, the design guidelines, basic methods, and key technical problems are discussed.
Large Model-Driven, Human-Computer Collaborative Robotic Ai-Chemist Cloud Facility,
2024
Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
Large Model-Driven, Human-Computer Collaborative Robotic Ai-Chemist Cloud Facility, Yuanyuan Chong, Shuo Feng, Song Wang, Jun Jiang
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
At present, chemical science is facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges due to the technological changes brought by artificial intelligence. In order to promote the paradigm shift in chemical research, this study proposes the construction plan of the robotic AI-chemist cloud facility. This system realizes a new paradigm of scientific research by collecting multi-channel data to build a database, developing large scientific models enhanced by chemical knowledge, constructing clusters of robotic facilities, and building an intelligent management decision system, which will dramatically improve the efficiency of scientific research and solve scientific problems in terminal applications. This infrastructure is expected to change …
Review On Reform Of International Research Evaluation In Past Decade,
2024
Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
S&T Management and Evaluation Committee of CASSSP, Beijing 100080, China
Review On Reform Of International Research Evaluation In Past Decade, Fang Xu, Xiaoxuan Li
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
In May 2013, with the release of the San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA) as a symbol, the reform of international research evaluation began. Over the past decade, the reform of international research evaluation has undergone extensive theoretical preparation and initiatives, and is now moving towards practice. More than 350 institutions from over 40 countries have signed agreements to reform research evaluation and carried out pilot reforms, with initial results. This study systematically summarizes and analyzes the ten-year reform of international research evaluation in three aspects: reform goals, measures, and cases. From the perspective of comparing with China’s research …
Ai For Science: Ai Enabled Scientific Facility Transforms Fundamental Research,
2024
Artificial Intelligence Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Ai For Science: Ai Enabled Scientific Facility Transforms Fundamental Research, Xiaokang Yang, Yanyan Xu, Lu Chen, Yunbo Wang, Yue Gao, Jidong Tian, Kai Yu, Yaohui Jin, Hong Mei
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has achieved numerous disruptive breakthroughs in frontier scientific and technological fields, such as AlphaFold2 for protein structure prediction, intelligent control of nuclear fusion, and drug design for COVID-19. These achievements indicate that AI for Science is becoming a new paradigm in research. To achieve fundamental scientific innovation and major technological breakthroughs in the era of intelligence, two core issues should be addressed: 1) how to harness the generality and creativity of the new-generation of AI, especially generative AI and large language models (LLMs), to promote the formation of new paradigms; 2) how to empower …
Nine-Step Approach Of Smart Agricultural Helps Grain Production Reduce Costs, Increase Yield And Efficiency,
2024
Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Nine-Step Approach Of Smart Agricultural Helps Grain Production Reduce Costs, Increase Yield And Efficiency, Shuqin Gao, Zhaomin Hu, Hongsheng Wang, Xiaobo Zhang, Yucheng Zhang
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Food security is a top priority in national governance. Since 1949, high-standard farmland construction, agricultural mechanization development, and agricultural technology promotion have all contributed to the grain production. To ensure grain security, China has drawn a “red line” of 1.8 billion mu (about 120 million hectares) as the official minimum of arable land. At the same time, increasing the investment of capital goods such as fertilizer and pesticides can no longer produce more food. Due to the extensive farming method in the past, the continuous increase in total grain output becomes difficult in the future. With the rapid development of …
Ai4r: The Fifth Scientific Research Paradigm,
2024
Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Ai4r: The Fifth Scientific Research Paradigm, Guojie Li
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
This article refers to “AI for Research（AI4R）” as the fifth research paradigm and summarizes its characteristics, including: (1) the fully integration of artificial intelligence into various scientific and technology researches; (2) machine intelligence has become an integral part of scientific research; (3) effectively handles the combinatorial explosion problem with high computational complexity; (4) probability and statistical models play a greater role in scientific research; (5) realize the integration of four existing research paradigms, cross disciplinary cooperation has become the mainstream research method; (6) scientific research relies more on large research platforms characterized by large models. This article points out that …
Ai Helps To Establish A New Paradigm For Scientific Research,
2024
Perking University, Beijing 100871, China
AI for Science Institute, Beijing, Beijing 100084, China
Ai Helps To Establish A New Paradigm For Scientific Research, Weinan E
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
The main purpose of scientific research is to discover fundamental principles and solve practical problems. Although tremendous progress has been made on both fronts, the lack of effective tools and efficient organizational structure still stands as the main bottleneck for scientific progress. The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) offers a new possibility. In recent years, deep learning has had an impressive performance, both in helping to solve fundamental scientific problems and in improving the effectiveness of scientific research tools. A new set of infrastructure is emerging, leading us to a new paradigm, the“Android paradigm”, for doing scientific research.
Ai For Technology: Applied Practices And Future Perspectives Of Technological Intelligence In High Tech Areas,
2024
State Key Laboratory of Processors, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Ai For Technology: Applied Practices And Future Perspectives Of Technological Intelligence In High Tech Areas, Yunji Chen, Qi Guo
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
As the core of the fifth research paradigm, AI for Science has been widely used in multiple research fields of natural sciences and high technologies. In contrast to that the application of AI in natural sciences mainly focuses on discovering new theories, principles, and laws, the application of AI in high technologies mainly focuses on creating new plans, tools, and products, in order to resolve concrete problems in related fields. This study first summarizes the typical characteristics and scientific problems of the application of AI in high technologies, i.e., AI for Technology, and then introduces a successful case study of …
A New Paradigm Of Life Science Research Driven By Artificial Intelligence,
2024
Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
A New Paradigm Of Life Science Research Driven By Artificial Intelligence, Xin Li, Hanchao Yu
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
The rapid development of biotechnology and information technology has brought life sciences into a new era of data explosion. The traditional life science research paradigm struggles to reveal the fundamental rules of complex biological systems from rapidly growing biological big data. As artificial intelligence continues to achieve disruptive breakthroughs in life science, a new paradigm driven by AI is emerging. This study delves into typical examples of life science research driven by AI, proposes the concept and key elements of the new life science research paradigm, elaborates on the cutting-edge of life science research under this new paradigm, and discusses …
Research On Science And Technology Innovation Strategy And Policy System: “3+5” Analytical Framework,
2024
Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Research On Science And Technology Innovation Strategy And Policy System: “3+5” Analytical Framework, Jiaofeng Pan, Zihao He, Xiao Lu
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
As an important means of promoting national scientific and technological development, S&T innovation strategy and policy are advancing towards a multidimensional “synergy” among S&T, the economy, society, and the environment, and they need to encompass many internal and external elements of S&T system. Accordingly, an overall S&T policy framework covering key elements and relevant interactions should be constructed. This study proposes “3+5” analytical framework for S&T innovation strategy and policy. Specifically, (1) this study defines the conceptual connotation of “3+5” framework, and puts forward the “design layer” including guiding strategy, planning layout, and institutional arrangement, and the “construction layer” including …
Research On Evolution And Countermeasures Of International Technology Export Controls,
2024
China Association of Science and Technology Evaluation and Management of Scientific and Technical Achievement, Beijing 100081, China
Research On Evolution And Countermeasures Of International Technology Export Controls, Defang He, Guangjian Li, Fuqiang Tang, Fangjuan Yang
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Imposing strict export control on technologies related to national security and interests is common international practice. In recent years, with the increasingly fierce international competition, developed countries and regions such as the United States, Europe, and Japan are adjusting their technology export control policies. On the basis of summarizing the evolution of technology export control system in major developed countries and regions, this study mainly analyzes the latest trend of technology export control of western countries such as the United States and its impact on China’s science and technology innovation. Finally, countermeasures and policy suggestions are put forward from the …
Global Technological Competition Enters High-Tech Cold War Era,
2024
Chongyang Institute for Financial Studies, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
Global Technological Competition Enters High-Tech Cold War Era, Wen Wang
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
In the third decade of the 21st century, global technological competition is spreading at an unprecedented level in every corner of the whole world. Major economies view technological change as a fundamental core capability for maintaining national security. Western countries, led by the United States, view technological change as a fundamental core capability for maintaining national security, making every effort to build leadership and consistency in the field of technology, and resorting to a high-tech cold war approach to suppress non-western countries. In the foreseeable future, China will build a strong country in science and technology, and achieve the goal …
Building New Paradigm Of Digital Intelligence Security For New Development Pattern,
2024
Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
School of Economics and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Building New Paradigm Of Digital Intelligence Security For New Development Pattern, Xiaoguang Yang, Yang Wu, Xingwei Zhang, Xiaolong Zheng
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
After the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has entered a new era of development. Simultaneously, the rapid advancement and extensive application of artificial intelligent technologies have activated a new wave of economic potential and brought about new security challenges to socioeconomic development. This study firstly analyzes the characteristics of the new development pattern in global contexts, and examines the risks and challenges of digital intelligence security (DIS) under the new pattern, encompassing technological security and personal security at the micro-level, as well as economic security, social security, and cultural security at the macro-level. Based on …
Strategic Research On Information Technology Promoting National Governance Modernization—Review On The S70th Xiangshan Science Conferences,
2024
Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Strategic Research On Information Technology Promoting National Governance Modernization—Review On The S70th Xiangshan Science Conferences, Chao Zhang, Weiyu Duan, Kaihua Chen, Xiaoguang Yang, Yuntao Long
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
This study systematically summarizes the reports and speeches of the S70th Xiangshan Science Conferences on the theme of “Strategic Research on Information Technology Promoting the National Governance Modernization” and summarizes the consensus of the conference in the following three aspects. (1) Important progress and achievements have been made in the four typical areas, i.e., smart justice, internet governance, data governance, and emergency management. (2) Using information technology to promote the modernization of national governance is confronted with unprecedented opportunities and challenges. And (3) it is necessary to take a series of effective measures to promote information technology to facilitate the …
Experience And Thinking Of Promoting Open Source Of Achievement Of State-Funded Scientific Research Projects,
2024
Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Experience And Thinking Of Promoting Open Source Of Achievement Of State-Funded Scientific Research Projects, Yuntao Long, Zhe Wang, Zheping Xu, Tao Wang, Yungang Bao, Yanjun Wu, Qigang Zhu, Rong Gu
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
In the era of digital economy, open source innovation has become the stimulator of innovation vitality, and is becoming an important source of high-quality supply of digital public goods. This study focuses on the importance of promoting the open source of state-funded scientific research projects, and summarizes the practical experience and policy measures of major countries and regions in the world on the open source of state-funded scientific research projects. It is also emphasized that the challenges of promoting the open source of state-funded scientific research projects in China. Suggestions for promoting the establishment of an open source mechanism of …
Measurement, Evolution And International Comparison Of National Science And Technology Competitiveness,
2024
School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Measurement, Evolution And International Comparison Of National Science And Technology Competitiveness, Kaihua Chen, Xin Wen, Chao Zhang
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
The measurement of national science and technology competitiveness helps to describe the international competition pattern, and to provide decision-making reference for future-oriented science and technology policy and strategy formulation. From the perspective of input-process-output, the study proposes a three-dimensional measurement framework of potential-efficiency-strength for national science and technology competitiveness and realizes a multi-dimensional comprehensive measurement of national science and technology competitiveness, which takes the differences in both scale and efficiency into account. Based on The Report on National Science and Technology Competitiveness 2023, the study measures the national science and technology competitiveness of 34 major countries in the world and …
Analysis And Enlightenment Of International Policy Trends In Basic Research,
2024
Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing 100085, China
Analysis And Enlightenment Of International Policy Trends In Basic Research, Minzhuo Huang, Jinglei Wu, Zhen Ren, Qingfeng Meng
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
As the intensity of international competition in science and technology continues to escalate, basic research has taken center stage in the strategic planning of countries worldwide. To address the challenges of the new era, major countries have evaluated the essence of basic research, as well as its positioning within national innovation systems, and are continuously explored innovative funding models. Based on monitoring and analysis of the latest policy developments in foreign basic research in 2022, and on the basis of analysis and data mining, this study comprehensively evaluates the policy trends and future directions of basic research in major countries. …
Technological Bottlenecks And Innovative Developments For Rubber Tree Breeding In China,
2024
Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xishuangbanna 666303, China
Technological Bottlenecks And Innovative Developments For Rubber Tree Breeding In China, Yongshuai Sun, Weimin Tian, Deli Zhai, Yongping Yang
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Superior varieties of rubber trees are crucial elements in achieving stable production and supply of natural rubber. In China, rubber tree planting areas are situated at the northern edga of the world’s tropical zone and thus belong to non-traditional rubber tree planting areas with climatic conditions inferior to the traditional ones in Southeast Asia. The planted rubber trees are frequently damaged by low temperatures and diseases. Therefore, an urgent need in natural rubber production is to develop varieties with highyield potential and strong stress-tolerance. The scarcity of such varieties is mainly ascribed to the highly heterozygous genome, a long juvenile …
Editorial For Special Column “Biomanufacturing: Retrospect And Prospects”,
2024
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Editorial For Special Column “Biomanufacturing: Retrospect And Prospects”
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
No abstract provided.
Microbial Production Of Feed Amino Acids Promotes Reduction And Replacement Of Soybean Meal,
2024
Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
Microbial Production Of Feed Amino Acids Promotes Reduction And Replacement Of Soybean Meal, Jia Liu, Qi Sheng, Kaifang Liu, Liming Liu
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
With the promotion of soybean meal reduction and substitution as well as lower-protein diet technologies, China has become a leading global producer of feed amino acids. However, the amino acid industry faces significant challenges due to its relatively late start in independently developing industrial strains, resulting in relatively lagging key economic and technical parameters and a less robust intellectual property framework. The rapid progress of synthetic biology has provided promising avenues for the design and optimization of industrial amino acid-producing strains, offering new opportunities for the amino acid fermentation industry to enhance the global competitiveness. This study offers an in-depth …
