Using Yoga Practice To Empower Psychotherapists’ Interpersonal Process,
2014
University of Denver
Using Yoga Practice To Empower Psychotherapists’ Interpersonal Process, Jennifer Paz
Graduate School of Professional Psychology: Doctoral Papers and Masters Projects
Yoga practice promotes awareness and acceptance, and serves as a body-centered medium for developing deepened self-understanding. Among patient populations, a growing body of evidence suggests that the benefits of yoga practice extend to both physical health and psychological well-being. However, the psychological impact of yoga practice on psychotherapists’ interpersonal responses, while potentially promising, has received little attention in the literature. This paper provides a historical overview of contemplative practices and discusses the role that yoga can play in developing certain interpersonal characteristics of the psychotherapist that are hypothesized to empower the therapeutic relationship and facilitate constructive behavior change on the …
Sad Mood Reduces Inadvertent Plagiarism: Effects Of Affective State On Source Monitoring In Cryptomnesia,
2014
Butler University
Sad Mood Reduces Inadvertent Plagiarism: Effects Of Affective State On Source Monitoring In Cryptomnesia, Amanda Gingerich, Chad Dodson
Amanda C. Gingerich
In two experiments, we explored the influence of affective state, or mood, on inadvertent plagiarism, a memory failure in which individuals either misattribute the source of an idea to themselves rather than to the true originator or simply do not recall having encountered the idea before and claim it as novel. Using a paradigm in which participants generate word puzzle solutions and later recall these solutions, we created an opportunity for participants to mistakenly claim ownership of items that were, in fact, initially generated by their computer ‘partner.’ Results of both experiments suggest that participants induced into a sad mood …
Study Smarter, Not Harder,
2014
Butler University
Study Smarter, Not Harder, Tara T. Lineweaver, Amanda C. Gingerich
Tara T. Lineweaver
Provides tips for studying.
Claiming Hidden Memories As One’S Own Ideas: A Review Of Inadvertent Plagiarism,
2014
Butler University
Claiming Hidden Memories As One’S Own Ideas: A Review Of Inadvertent Plagiarism, Amanda Gingerich, Meaghan Sullivan
Amanda C. Gingerich
Inadvertent plagiarism, or cryptomnesia, occurs when an individual claims another's idea as his or her own with no recollection of having been exposed to the idea before. Although some variation exists in the explanations of this occurrence, the source monitoring framework has emerged as the most plausible account. The purpose of this paper is to review the core body of research that has been conducted on cryptomnesia over the past two decades, with particular focus on the factors that affect the propensity of this phenomenon and how these influences inform a theoretical explanation of cryptomnesia. This paper also includes some …
Omg! Texting In Class = U Fail :( Empirical Evidence That Text Messaging During Class Disrupts Comprehension,
2014
Butler University
Omg! Texting In Class = U Fail :( Empirical Evidence That Text Messaging During Class Disrupts Comprehension, Amanda Gingerich, Tara Lineweaver
Amanda C. Gingerich
In two experiments, we examined the effects of text messaging during lecture on comprehension of lecture material. Students (in Experiment 1) and randomly assigned participants (in Experiment 2) in a text message condition texted a prescribed conversation while listening to a brief lecture. Students and participants in the no-text condition refrained from texting during the same lecture. Postlecture quiz scores confirmed the hypothesis that texting during lecture would disrupt comprehension and retention of lecture material. In both experiments, the no-text group significantly outscored the text group on the quiz and felt more confident about their performance. The classroom demonstration described …
The Religious Shaping Of Feeling: Implications Of Affect Valuation Theory,
2014
Santa Clara University
The Religious Shaping Of Feeling: Implications Of Affect Valuation Theory, Jeanne L. Tsai, Birgit Koopmann-Holm, Masako Miyazaki, Cameron Ochs
Psychology
Over 80% of the world population identifies with a specific religion (Adherents. com, 2007; Central Intelligence Agency, 2011). For some individuals, this religion structures and shapes every dimension of their daily lives: what they wear, with whom they spend time, where they go, and what they eat. As important, but perhaps less overt, is how religion shapes people's psyches. Indeed, one of the major functions of religion is to provide followers with a way of understanding and coping with their life circumstances (see Pargament, Falb, Ano, & Wachholtz, Chapter 28, this volume; Park, 2005). Another is to provide a guide …
Judging By Heuristic: Cognitive Illusions In Judicial Decision Making,
2014
Vanderbilt University Law School
Judging By Heuristic: Cognitive Illusions In Judicial Decision Making, Chris Guthrie, Jeffrey J. Rachlinski, Andrew J. Wistrich
Jeffrey J. Rachlinski
Many people rely on mental shortcuts, or heuristics, to make complex decisions, but this sometimes leads to inaccurate inferences, or cognitive illusions. A recent study suggests such cognitive illusions influence judicial decision making.
Heuristics, Biases, And Philosophy,
2014
Cornell Law School
Heuristics, Biases, And Philosophy, Jeffrey J. Rachlinski
Jeffrey J. Rachlinski
Commenting on Professor Cass Sunstein's work is a daunting task. There is simply so much of it. Professor Sunstein produces scholarship at a rate that is faster than I can consume it. Scarcely an area of law has failed to feel his impact. One cannot today write an article on administrative law, free speech, punitive damages, Internet law, law and economics, separation of powers, or animal rights law without addressing one or more of Sunstein's papers. And his work is typically not a mere footnote. Sunstein has changed how scholars think about each of these areas of law. More broadly, …
Law, Environment, And The “Nondismal” Social Sciences,
2014
University of Colorado Law School
Law, Environment, And The “Nondismal” Social Sciences, William Boyd, Douglas Kysar, Jeffrey J. Rachlinski
Jeffrey J. Rachlinski
Over the past 30 years, the influence of economics over the study of environmental law and policy has expanded considerably, becoming in the process the predominant framework for analyzing regulations that address pollution, natural resource use, and other environmental issues. This review seeks to complement the expansion of economic reasoning and methodology within the field of environmental law and policy by identifying insights to be gleaned from various “nondismal” social sciences. In particular, three areas of inquiry are highlighted as illustrative of interdisciplinary work that might help to complement law and economics and, in some cases, compensate for it: the …
The Psychological Foundations Of Behavioral Law And Economics,
2014
Cornell Law School
The Psychological Foundations Of Behavioral Law And Economics, Jeffrey J. Rachlinski
Jeffrey J. Rachlinski
Over the past decade, psychological research has enjoyed a rapidly expanding influence on legal scholarship. This expansion has established a new field—“Behavioral Law and Economics” (BLE). BLE’s principal insight is that human behavior commonly deviates from the predictions of rational choice theory in the marketplace, the election booth, and the courtroom. Because these deviations are predictable, and often harmful, legal rules can be crafted to reduce their undesirable influence. Ironically, BLE seldom recognizes that its intellectual origins lie with psychology more so than economics. This failure leaves BLE open to criticisms that can be answered only by embracing the underlying …
Regulating In Foresight Versus Judging Liability In Hindsight: The Case Of Tobacco,
2014
Cornell Law School
Regulating In Foresight Versus Judging Liability In Hindsight: The Case Of Tobacco, Jeffrey J. Rachlinski
Jeffrey J. Rachlinski
Potentially dangerous products, such as cigarettes, can be regulated through ex post liability or ex ante regulation. Both systems should reach the same result. In practice, however, cognitive biases that influence the liability system can produce incentives to take an excess of precautions. In particular, because people tend to see past events as more predictable than they really were, judges and juries will tend to find defendants who took reasonable care negligent or even reckless. As a consequence of these biases, a liability system can be more expensive than a regulatory system, both to potential defendants and to society. Cognitive …
Is Evolutionary Analysis Of Law Science Or Storytelling?,
2014
Cornell Law School
Is Evolutionary Analysis Of Law Science Or Storytelling?, Jeffrey J. Rachlinski
Jeffrey J. Rachlinski
In recent years, some legal scholars have argued that legal scholarship could benefit from a greater reliance on theories of human behavior that arise from biological evolution. These scholars contend that reliance on biological evolution would successfully combine the rigor of economics with the scientific aspects of psychology. Complex legal systems, however, are uniquely human. Law has always been the product of cognitive processes that are unique to humans and that developed as a response to an environment that no longer exists. Consequently, the evolutionary development of the cognitive mechanisms upon which law depends cannot be rigorously modeled or studied …
Barack Obama, Implicit Bias, And The 2008 Election,
2014
Cornell Law School
Barack Obama, Implicit Bias, And The 2008 Election, Jeffrey J. Rachlinski, Gregory S. Parks
Jeffrey J Rachlinski
The election of Barack Obama as the forty-fourth president of the United States suggests that the United States has made great strides with regard to race. The blogs and the pundits may laud Obama’s win as evidence that we now live in a “post-racial America.” But is it accurate to suggest that race no longer significantly influences how Americans evaluate each other? Does Obama’s victory suggest that affirmative action and antidiscrimination protections are no longer necessary? We think not. Ironically, rather than marking the dawn of a post-racial America, Obama’s candidacy reveals how deeply race affects judgment.
Gains, Losses, And The Psychology Of Litigation,
2014
Cornell Law School
Gains, Losses, And The Psychology Of Litigation, Jeffrey J. Rachlinski
Jeffrey J. Rachlinski
No abstract provided.
A Positive Psychological Theory Of Judging In Hindsight,
2014
Cornell Law School
A Positive Psychological Theory Of Judging In Hindsight, Jeffrey J. Rachlinski
Jeffrey J. Rachlinski
No abstract provided.
Heuristics And Biases In The Court: Ignorance Or Adaptation?,
2014
Cornell Law School
Heuristics And Biases In The Court: Ignorance Or Adaptation?, Jeffrey J. Rachlinski
Jeffrey J. Rachlinski
No abstract provided.
Cognitive Errors, Individual Differences, And Paternalism,
2014
Cornell Law School
Cognitive Errors, Individual Differences, And Paternalism, Jeffrey J. Rachlinski
Jeffrey J. Rachlinski
Legal scholars commonly argue that the widespread presence of cognitive errors in judgment justifies legal intervention to save people from predictable mistakes. Such arguments often fail to account for individual variation in the commission of such errors even though individual variation is probably common. If predictable groups of people avoid making the errors that others commit, then law should account for such differences because those who avoid errors will not benefit from paternalistic interventions and indeed may be harmed by them. The research on individual variation suggests three parameters that might distinguish people who can avoid error: cognitive ability, experience …
The Uncertain Psychological Case For Paternalism,
2014
Cornell Law School
The Uncertain Psychological Case For Paternalism, Jeffrey J. Rachlinski
Jeffrey J. Rachlinski
No abstract provided.
The Psychology Of Global Climate Change,
2014
Cornell Law School
The Psychology Of Global Climate Change, Jeffrey J. Rachlinski
Jeffrey J. Rachlinski
In its attempt to address the threat of global climate change, society has struggled to reach a consensus regarding the need for preventive measures. Professor Rachlinski describes the threat of global climate change as a unique commons dilemma and explains that various psychological phenomena of judgment render it unlikely that society will be able to respond effectively to the threat. After considering the effects of biased assimilation, loss aversion, and other psychological processes, the author explains that an innovative approach is necessary to properly address the dilemma of global climate change. Specifically, the author examines the prospect of governmental intervention …
California Community Colleges Child Development Laboratory Schools,
2014
Brandman University
California Community Colleges Child Development Laboratory Schools, Shari Yates
Dissertations
Community colleges in California are the primary source for preparing the early childhood care and education (ECE) workforce. The California child development lab school mission is to prepare ECE practitioners, provide a laboratory where college students can study and research child development/education, and offer a service to children and families. There are many benefits that are derived from laboratory schools but many community college lab schools have been reduced and/or closed over the past three years. The purposes of this Delphi study were (a) to examine the most pressing issues, problems and barriers facing California community colleges child development labs …
