Capacity-Related Driver Behavior On Modern Roundabouts Built On High-Speed Roads,
2014
Purdue University
Capacity-Related Driver Behavior On Modern Roundabouts Built On High-Speed Roads, Shaikh Ahmad
Open Access Theses
The objective of this thesis was to investigate the factors that affect capacity-related driver behavior on modern roundabouts built on high-speed roads. The capacity of roundabouts is strongly affected by the behavior of drivers as represented by critical headway (critical gap) and follow-up headway (follow-up time). The effects of heavy vehicles (single-unit truck, bus, and semi-trailer) and area type (rural or urban) on roundabout capacity were investigated by comparing the critical headways for roundabouts located on high-speed and low-speed roads. The effects of nighttime conditions (in the presence of street lighting) were also considered. Data were collected using the Purdue …
Optimization Of Switch Virtual Keyboard By Using Computational Modelling,
2014
Purdue University
Optimization Of Switch Virtual Keyboard By Using Computational Modelling, Xiao Zhang
Open Access Theses
In this thesis, I first reviewed some keyboard technologies used by people with motor difficulties, and described design elements that influence efficiency. I cast the design of a switch keyboard as an optimization problem, and arrangement of keys on such a keyboard as a Mixed Integer Programming problem. One significant variable in the MIP problem, the error rate, is related to several other variables. I treated modeling of the error rate as a parameter estimation problem, and used a data mining method. I designed HCI experiments to gather data for parameter estimation, using Bayesian logistic regression model. The empirical data …
The Phenomenon Of The Third Year,
2014
Jacksonville State University
The Phenomenon Of The Third Year, Jody Long, David Allen
Research, Publications & Creative Work
This article describes the phenomenon of the outpatient year experiences of the PGY(Post Graduate Year)-3 year psychiatry residents using participant interviews, focus groups, and research observation at a university health science center. A qualitative research approach was used to identify and understand psychiatric residents’ experiences of their third year. The research question was, “What are the important and valuable experiences of psychiatry residents and what meaning do they ascribe to these experiences in their acquisition of psychiatric skills?” Four themes emerged from the study: Specialty Choice Was a Momentous Decision, Observation and Reflection Should Be Modeled Prior to Practice, The …
Critical Cultural Awareness: Contributions To A Globalizing Psychology,
2014
Swarthmore College
Critical Cultural Awareness: Contributions To A Globalizing Psychology, J. C. Christopher, D. C. Wendt, Jeanne Marecek, D. M. Goodman
Psychology Faculty Works
The number of psychologists whose work crosses cultural boundaries is increasing. Without a critical awareness of their own cultural grounding, they risk imposing the assumptions, concepts, practices, and values of U.S.-centered psychology on societies where they do not fit, as a brief example from the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami shows. Hermeneutic thinkers offer theoretical resources for gaining cultural awareness. Culture, in the hermeneutic view, is the constellation of meanings that constitutes a way of life. Such cultural meanings-especially in the form of folk psychologies and moral visions-inevitably shape every psychology, including U.S. psychology. The insights of hermeneutics, as well as …
The Clinical Psychology Training Program At The University Of Nebraska–Lincoln,
2014
University of Nebraska - Lincoln
The Clinical Psychology Training Program At The University Of Nebraska–Lincoln, David J. Hansen, Timothy D. Nelson, David Dilillo, Debra A. Hope
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
The Clinical Psychology Training Program (CPTP) at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln (UNL) has been continuously accredited by the American Psychological Association (APA) since 1948, the first year any programs were accredited. The CPTP’s history and approach to training through the years have been described in numerous articles (DiLillo & McChargue, 2007; Hargrove, 1991; Hargrove & Howe, 1981; Hargrove & Spaulding, 1988; Hope, Hansen, & Cole, 1994; Howe, 1974; Howe & Neimeyer, 1979; Jones & Levine, 1963; Rivers & Cole, 1976). Our program was historically described as a “Community-Clinical” psychology training program, and this focus on understanding and enhancing well-being at …
Advancing The Measurement Of Violence: Challenges And Opportunities,
2014
Marquette University
Advancing The Measurement Of Violence: Challenges And Opportunities, John H. Grych, Sherry L. Hamby
Psychology Faculty Research and Publications
Our understanding of the causes and consequences of violence depends on accurately defining and measuring the constructs we study. Although the methods used most often in violence research have led to a wealth of important findings, the field is ripe for both reflection and innovation. The purpose of this special issue is to highlight critical measurement issues in the study of violence and to describe innovative approaches that will move this research forward. In this Introduction to the special issue, we identify 3 challenges for the valid measurement of violence—defining constructs, accurately capturing responses in scoring, and diversifying measurement methods—and …
Dynamics Of Alpha Control: Preparatory Suppression Of Posterior Alpha Oscillations By Frontal Modulators Revealed With Combined Eeg And Event-Related Optical Signal,
2014
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Dynamics Of Alpha Control: Preparatory Suppression Of Posterior Alpha Oscillations By Frontal Modulators Revealed With Combined Eeg And Event-Related Optical Signal, Kyle E. Mathewson, Diane M. Beck, Tony Ro, Edward L. Maclin, Kathy A. Low, Monica Fabiani, Gabriele Gratton
Publications and Research
We investigated the dynamics of brain processes facilitating conscious experience of external stimuli. Previously, we proposed that alpha (8–12 Hz) oscillations, which fluctuate with both sustained and directed attention, represent a pulsed inhibition of ongoing sensory brain activity. Here we tested the prediction that inhibitory alpha oscillations in visual cortex are modulated by top–down signals from frontoparietal attention networks. We measured modulations in phase-coherent alpha oscillations from superficial frontal, parietal, and occipital cortices using the event-related optical signal (EROS), a measure of neuronal activity affording high spatiotemporal resolution, along with concurrently recorded EEG, while participants performed a visual target detection …
Security Policies That Make Sense For Complex Systems: Comprehensible Formalism For The System Consumer,
2014
Nova Southeastern University
Security Policies That Make Sense For Complex Systems: Comprehensible Formalism For The System Consumer, Rhonda R. Henning
CCE Theses and Dissertations
Information Systems today rarely are contained within a single user workstation, server, or networked environment. Data can be transparently accessed from any location, and maintained across various network infrastructures. Cloud computing paradigms commoditize the hardware and software environments and allow an enterprise to lease computing resources by the hour, minute, or number of instances required to complete a processing task. An access control policy mediates access requests between authorized users of an information system and the system's resources. Access control policies are defined at any given level of abstraction, such as the file, directory, system, or network, and can be …
The Influence Of Advanced Cognitive Ability On The Development Of Psychological Defenses And In Understanding And Managing Affect: A Study Of Latency-Aged Gifted Students,
2014
Graduate Center, City University of New York
The Influence Of Advanced Cognitive Ability On The Development Of Psychological Defenses And In Understanding And Managing Affect: A Study Of Latency-Aged Gifted Students, Kahlila Ife Robinson
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The present study examines the influence of advanced cognitive ability on the development of psychological defenses and in understanding and managing affect, using the lens of Emotional Intelligence (EI). Theories of psychological defense maturity state that defense mechanisms are influenced both by the cognitive level of the individual and by the cognitive complexity of the defense itself (Cramer, 1999; Cramer, 2009). Individuals with exceptional cognitive ability may therefore show a corresponding "match" with complex defense use. In addition to defense use, how well one is able to identify, understand, manage and use emotion to facilitate thought, abilities often labelled Emotional …
The Imposter Phenomenon Among Emerging Adults Transitioning Into Professional Life: Developing A Grounded Theory,
2014
Portland State University
The Imposter Phenomenon Among Emerging Adults Transitioning Into Professional Life: Developing A Grounded Theory, Joel A. Lane
Counselor Education Faculty Publications and Presentations
This study qualitatively explored the imposter phenomenon among 29 emerging adults who were transitioning into professional life. A grounded theory was developed that described the imposter phenomenon, internal and external contributing factors, and its impact in terms of performance and affective reactions. Implications for counselors of emerging adults are discussed.
The Relationship Of Socioeconomic Status And Counseling Outcomes,
2014
Oakland University
The Relationship Of Socioeconomic Status And Counseling Outcomes, Lisa D. Hawley, Todd W. Leibert, Joel A. Lane
Counselor Education Faculty Publications and Presentations
This study examined the relationship between various indices of socioeconomic status (SES) and clinical outcomes among clients at a university counseling center. It also explored links between SES and three factors that are generally regarded as facilitative of client change in counseling: motivation, treatment expectancy, and social support. Regression analyses showed that, overall, SES predicted positive changes in symptom checklists over the course of treatment. Individual SES variables predicting positive change were educational attainment and whether or not the client had health insurance. SES was not associated with motivation, treatment expectancy, or social support. Implications for SES research and counseling …
Analyzing Multiple Outcomes In Clinical Research Using Multivariate Multilevel Models,
2014
Brigham Young University - Provo
Analyzing Multiple Outcomes In Clinical Research Using Multivariate Multilevel Models, Scott A. Baldwin, Zac E. Imel, Scott Braithwaite, David C. Atkins
Faculty Publications
Objective—Multilevel models have become a standard data analysis approach in intervention research. Although the vast majority of intervention studies involve multiple outcome measures, few studies use multivariate analysis methods. The authors discuss multivariate extensions to the multilevel model that can be used by psychotherapy researchers. Method and Results—Using simulated longitudinal treatment data, the authors show how multivariate models extend common univariate growth models and how the multivariate model can be used to examine multivariate hypotheses involving fixed effects (e.g., does the size of the treatment effect differ across outcomes?) and random effects (e.g., is change in one outcome related to …
Mindful Eating: Trait And State Mindfulness Predict Healthier Eating Behavior,
2014
Wilfrid Laurier University
Mindful Eating: Trait And State Mindfulness Predict Healthier Eating Behavior, Christian H. Jordan, Wan Wang, Linda R. Donatoni, Brian P. Meier
Psychology Faculty Publications
Obesity and excess weight are significant societal problems. Mindfulness may encourage healthier weight and eating habits. Across four studies, we found a positive relation between mindfulness and healthier eating. Trait mindfulness was associated with less impulsive eating, reduced calorie consumption, and healthier snack choices. In addition, we found a causal effect of mindfulness on healthier eating. An experimental manipulation of state mindfulness led participants to consume fewer calories in a spontaneous eating task. We also found preliminary evidence that mindfulness affects eating behavior by encouraging attitudinal preferences for healthier foods. Taken together, these results provide strong evidence that mindfulness encourages …
Telework And Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: The Underexplored Roles Of Social Identity And Professional Isolation,
2014
Graduate Center, City University of New York
Telework And Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: The Underexplored Roles Of Social Identity And Professional Isolation, Lauren Mondo Kane
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Although telework--a flexible work arrangement in which employees work from a remote location at least some of the time--has been increasing in practice, little research has investigated its implications for employee behaviors and performance. The main focus of this study was to identify the mediating processes that explain the relationship between telework frequency and OCB performance, and to determine whether personality moderates the psychological consequences of teleworking. Survey data were collected from 286 teleworkers and 62 of their coworkers across organizations from a range of industries, jobs, and locations. Coworkers were recruited in order to assess teleworkers' OCBs, but OCBs …
Positive Affect Facilitates Task Switching In The Dimension Change Card Sort Task: Implications For The Shifting Aspect Of Executive Functions,
2014
Singapore Management University
Positive Affect Facilitates Task Switching In The Dimension Change Card Sort Task: Implications For The Shifting Aspect Of Executive Functions, Hwajin Yang, Sujin Yang
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Using the modified Dimensional Change Card Sort task, we examined the influence of positive affect on task switching by inspecting various markers for the costs, including restart cost, switch cost and mixing cost. Given that the executive-control processes that underlie switching performance—i.e., inhibition or shifting—are distinct from the component processes that underlie non-switching performance—i.e., stimulus evaluation, resource allocation or response execution—we hypothesised that if positive affect facilitates task switching via executive-control processes, rather than via component processes, positive affect would reduce both switch and restart costs, but not mixing cost, because both switch and restart costs rely on executive processes, …
The Role Of Instrumental Emotion Regulation In The Emotions-Creativity Link: How Worries Render Individuals With High Neuroticism More Creative,
2014
Singapore Management University
The Role Of Instrumental Emotion Regulation In The Emotions-Creativity Link: How Worries Render Individuals With High Neuroticism More Creative, Angela K.-Y. Leung, Shyhnan Liou, Lin Qiu, Letty Y. Y. Kwan, Chi-Yue Chiu, Jose C. Yong
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Based on the instrumental account of emotion regulation (Tamir, 2005), the current research seeks to offer a novel perspective to theemotions–creativity debate by investigating the instrumental value of trait-consistent emotions in creativity. We hypothesize that emotionssuch as worry (vs. happy) are trait-consistent experiences for individuals higher on trait neuroticism and experiencing these emotions can facilitate performance in a creativity task. In 3 studies, we found support for our hypothesis. First, individuals higher in neuroticism had a greater preference for recalling worrisome (vs. happy) events in anticipation of performing a creativity task (Study 1). Moreover, when induced to recall a worrisome …
Using A Shared Parameter Mixture Model To Estimate Change During Treatment When Termination Is Related To Recovery Speed,
2014
Brigham Young University - Provo
Using A Shared Parameter Mixture Model To Estimate Change During Treatment When Termination Is Related To Recovery Speed, Scott A. Baldwin, Nisha C. Gottfredson, Daniel J. Bauer, John C. Okiishi
Faculty Publications
Objective—This study demonstrates how to use a shared parameter mixture model (SPMM) in longitudinal psychotherapy studies to accommodate missing that are due to a correlation between rate of improvement and termination of therapy. Traditional growth models assume that such a relationship does not exist (i.e., assume that data are missing at random) and will produce biased results if this assumption is incorrect. Method—We use longitudinal data from 4,676 patients enrolled in a naturalistic study of psychotherapy to compare results from a latent growth model and a shared parameter mixture model (SPMM). Results—In this dataset, estimates of the rate of improvement …
Facial Affect Recognition And Social Functioning In Individuals At Risk For Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders,
2014
Graduate Center, City University of New York
Facial Affect Recognition And Social Functioning In Individuals At Risk For Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders, Marta Ewa Statucka
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Facial affect recognition (FAR) is impaired in schizophrenia patients and to a lesser extent in individuals at familial/genetic, clinical, and psychometric risk for psychosis. Reduced FAR reaction time and negative bias are present in patients; however, their role is less clear in at-risk samples. Impaired social functioning, a hallmark of schizophrenia, is also impaired in at-risk individuals and is associated with FAR impairment. Given FAR deficits in schizophrenia, the current study aimed to elucidate the nature of FAR and social functioning impairments among individuals at high psychometric risk for psychosis and to examine whether FAR acts as a mediator in …
Predictive Factors For Commitment To The Priestly Vocation: A Study Of Priests And Seminarians,
2014
Marquette University
Predictive Factors For Commitment To The Priestly Vocation: A Study Of Priests And Seminarians, Yulius Sunardi
Dissertations (1934 -)
The present study examined factors for priestly commitment and the relationship between priestly commitment and well-being of Catholic priests and seminarians. While evidence for the effectiveness of assessment in identifying the suitability of applicants to the priesthood and evaluating the general psychological health of priests and seminarians has been well documented, the effectiveness of assessment in predicting commitment to the priesthood remains under question. This study addressed such an issue by identifying the individual and sets of factors for priestly commitment using a sample of 120 priests and 52 seminarians. Through Hierarchical Multiple Regression analyses, the present study examined the …
Botulinum Toxin-Induced Facial Muscle Paralysis
Affects Amygdala Responses To The Perception Of
Emotional Expressions: Preliminary Findings From
An A-B-A Design,
2014
Dartmouth College
Botulinum Toxin-Induced Facial Muscle Paralysis Affects Amygdala Responses To The Perception Of Emotional Expressions: Preliminary Findings From An A-B-A Design, M. Justin Kim, Maital Neta, F. Caroline Davis, Erika J. Ruberry, Diana Dinescu, Tood F. Heatherton, Mitchell A. Scotland, Paul J. Whalen
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Background: It has long been suggested that feedback signals from facial muscles influence emotional experience. The recent surge in use of botulinum toxin (BTX) to induce temporary muscle paralysis offers a unique opportunity to directly test this “facial feedback hypothesis.” Previous research shows that the lack of facial muscle feedback due to BTX-induced paralysis influences subjective reports of emotional experience, as well as brain activity associated with the imitation of emotional facial expressions. However, it remains to be seen whether facial muscle paralysis affects brain activity, especially the amygdala, which is known to be responsive to the perception of …
