[Sabbatical Report],
2014
Western Kentucky University
[Sabbatical Report], Steven Haggbloom
Sabbatical Reports
The purpose of my sabbatical leave was to develop an independent research program I could implement upon returning to full-time faculty status beginning in the fall 2014 semester after a nearly 12-year term as department head. My intent was to develop a research program that would utilize the University's recently acquired EEG/ERP equipment to explore neural correlates of reward based and error driven learning.
Default Effects In The Endorsement Of Environmental Policies,
2014
Old Dominion University
Default Effects In The Endorsement Of Environmental Policies, Blake J. Bent
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
When making decisions, people are often presented with a default option. Across many different domains, individuals show an inflated preference for the default option, a phenomenon known as the default effect. The current research examined the default effect and the role of loss aversion and implied endorsement in the context of environmental policy. Two hundred nineteen undergraduate participants were asked to vote on an ostensible ballot question regarding the enactment of seven environmental policies. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions based on a manipulation of the default option: a default to enact the policy (the opt-out condition), …
The Effects Of Serial Position, Evaluation Format, And Behavioral Isolate On Verbal And Nonverbal Clinical Cue Recognition And Performance Ratings,
2014
Old Dominion University
The Effects Of Serial Position, Evaluation Format, And Behavioral Isolate On Verbal And Nonverbal Clinical Cue Recognition And Performance Ratings, Timothy Robert Turner Jr.
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
Standardized patients are individuals trained to realistically portray specific physical and psychological symptoms and evaluate healthcare trainees on their patient interaction skills. Prior research suggests that individual differences among standardized patients often result in assessment variance. This study examined the effects of cue serial position and evaluation format on individuals' perceptual awareness and recognition accuracy of verbal and nonverbal clinical cues. It was predicted that implementing periodic evaluations would reduce participant working memory load and permit better awareness and recognition of relevant clinical cues than the traditional post-scenario evaluation format. The concurrent evaluation benefit was also expected to mitigate the …
Racial Bias In Driver Yielding Behavior At Crosswalks,
2014
Portland State University
Racial Bias In Driver Yielding Behavior At Crosswalks, Tara Goddard, Kimberly Barsamian Kahn, Arlie Adkins
Psychology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Racial minorities are disproportionately represented in pedestrian traffic fatalities, indicating a significant public health and safety issue. Psychological and social identity-related factors have previously been shown to influence drivers’ behaviors toward pedestrians. If drivers’ behavior reflects racial bias and results in differential behavior toward Black and White pedestrians, this may lead to disparate pedestrian crossing experiences based on race and potentially contribute to disproportionate safety outcomes. We tested this hypothesis in a controlled field experiment at an unsignalized midblock marked crosswalk in downtown Portland, Oregon. Six trained male research team confederates (3 White, 3 Black) simulated an individual pedestrian crossing, …
The Link Between Dissociation, Eating Disorders, And Self-Harm,
2014
Liberty University
The Link Between Dissociation, Eating Disorders, And Self-Harm, Amy A. Zimmerman
Senior Honors Theses
Many researchers and psychological professionals believe that there is a link between eating disorders and self-harm, though this has been less widely researched than other correlations such as that between eating disorders and substance abuse. Various studies have also indicated a relationship between these two variables and dissociation independently; however, there does not seem to be a comprehensive study covering the correlations between all three variables. The researcher for this study aimed to test the correlation between eating disorders and self-harm and collect new information on the link between all three to further the available data on this topic. Data …
Who Confronts Sexual Prejudice? How Gender And Ideologies Are Related To Heterosexual Allies Challenging Hate Speech,
2014
Marquette University
Who Confronts Sexual Prejudice? How Gender And Ideologies Are Related To Heterosexual Allies Challenging Hate Speech, Kelly L. Lemaire
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Sexual prejudice and discrimination are extremely prevalent throughout society and previous research suggests that there are a multitude of negative consequences associated with being the target of this prejudice. One way of reducing prejudice is by confronting the perpetrator; however the majority of previous research examining confrontation has focused on the target's response to racism or sexism. The current study utilized a 10-condition experimental design in order to examine how the gender of the perpetrator, target, and non-target witness of heterosexist prejudice affected the witness' responses. Attitudinal variables and past allied behaviors were also examined in order to determine if …
"Does This Thesis Make My Behind Look Big?" A Master's Thesis Using Qualitative Research To Examine Clothing As A Communication Tool,
2014
Liberty University
"Does This Thesis Make My Behind Look Big?" A Master's Thesis Using Qualitative Research To Examine Clothing As A Communication Tool, Lynne Forth
Masters Theses
The purpose of this narrative research study is to discover and understand what and how clothing communicates by using carefully selected individuals as studied in their natural environment. The study utilized Geert Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions Theory, which is based on in-depth research and analysis of cultures across the globe and what aspects define each culture. In order to understand clothing as a communication tool, the researcher interviewed participants from both American and Dutch cultures. Many books, articles and the above mentioned interviews were utilized to gain a more in-depth understanding of clothing as a form of communicating and how this …
Gender Stereotypes In Leadership: How Threatening Are They?,
2014
Old Dominion University
Gender Stereotypes In Leadership: How Threatening Are They?, Valerie N. Streets
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
Women's persistent underrepresentation in management has prompted a considerable body of research to better understand how gender stereotyping contributes to this disparity. One possible explanation for the impact of stereotyping on women in management is stereotype threat (i.e., the risk of confirming negative stereotypes as true). Experimental research concerning stereotype threat as it affects women within the domain of leadership has been limited, with no published study specifically manipulating stereotype threat and testing effects on subsequent leadership performance. This thesis expands upon the current literature by replicating classic stereotype threat experimental designs and applying such a design to a leadership …
Aesthetically Designed Maps: Development And Perception,
2014
California Polytechnic State University - San Luis Obispo
Aesthetically Designed Maps: Development And Perception, Catherine Wang
Graphic Communication
This research explored the creative element of subway map creation in light of its effectiveness. Printed subway maps, used often for metropolitan cities and areas, are limited in physical dimension and scale, carrying minimal information. The New York, San Francisco Bay Area, Tokyo, Paris, London and Moscow subway maps highlight similar design and abstraction that fulfill the basic necessary elements for subway patrons. Over the years since the first metro map for each city was created, maps have become more simplified by removing physical land features and reference points to make way for expanding and new subway lines, stations, and …
Interest Level Improves Learning But Does Not Moderate The Effects Of Interruptions: An Experiment Using Simultaneous Multitasking,
2014
Sacred Heart University
Interest Level Improves Learning But Does Not Moderate The Effects Of Interruptions: An Experiment Using Simultaneous Multitasking, Maureen A. Conard, Robert F. Marsh
Psychology Faculty Publications
It has become common practice for people to multitask with electronic devices in everyday situations. We examined the effects of interrupting participants with instant messages while they watched a video presentation in a situation that resembled commonplace events such as a business meeting, a training presentation, or a classroom lecture. We compared them to participants who were not interrupted. We also investigated how interest in the topics presented affected learning. Results showed that interruptions reduced learning, by a small but statistically significant margin, which is consistent with the findings of similar studies. Importantly, interest level was as strong a predictor …
Effects Of 5-Hydroxytryptamine 2c Receptor Agonist Mk212 And 2a Receptor Antagonist Mdl100907 On Maternal Behavior In
Postpartum Female Rats,
2014
Southwest University, Chongqing, China
Effects Of 5-Hydroxytryptamine 2c Receptor Agonist Mk212 And 2a Receptor Antagonist Mdl100907 On Maternal Behavior In Postpartum Female Rats, Weihai Chen, Qi Zhang, Wenxin Su, Yu Yang, Jing Qiao, Nan Sui, Ming Li
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Maternal behavior in rats is a highly motivated and well-organized social behavior. Given the known roles of serotonin (5-HT) in emotion, motivation, social behavior, and major depression – and its known interaction with dopamine – it is likely that serotonin also plays a crucial role in this behavior. So far, there are surprisingly few studies focusing on 5-HT in maternal behavior, except for maternal aggression. In the present study,we examined the effects of 5-HT2C receptor agonism and 5-HT2A receptor antagonism on maternal behavior in postpartum female rats.We hypothesized that activation of 5-HT2C receptors and blockade of 5-HT …
Predictors Of The Risk For Aberrant Drug-Related Behavior In Chronic Pain Patients: A Mixed Methods Design,
2014
University of Denver
Predictors Of The Risk For Aberrant Drug-Related Behavior In Chronic Pain Patients: A Mixed Methods Design, Courtney Renee Morris
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The use of opioids for the treatment of chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) remains controversial (Manchikanti, 2008; McQuay, 1999). Controversy surrounds the type of conditions that should be treated with opioids, whether the treatment can be generally safe and effective, and what the clinical goals should be. If providers can predict those patients who will be most at risk for aberrant drug-related behavior, efficacious changes in chronic pain management could be initiated and fewer patients potentially at risk for addiction. The current study explored the role of self-efficacy of pain, severity of depressive symptoms, perceived social support, and ethnic identity as …
Development Of A Brief Screening Measure For Depression And Problem Drinking,
2014
University of Denver
Development Of A Brief Screening Measure For Depression And Problem Drinking, Chris Wera
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This study examined the psychometric characteristics of a brief assessment measure for screening for depression and alcohol use on a college campus prior to primary care medical office visits. The measure was adapted from two widely used measures: the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) and the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT-C). Impulsivity, which has been associated with both depression and problematic alcohol use, was also examined through additional questions. The research study investigated the psychometric properties of the PHQ-4 and the AUDIT-C, and explored if eight impulsivity items from the UPPS-P measure could enhance screening for depression and problematic alcohol …
Why Do Narcissists Disregard Social-Etiquette Norms? A Test Of Two Explanations For Why Narcissism Relates To Offensive-Language Use,
2014
University of Alabama - Tuscaloosa
Why Do Narcissists Disregard Social-Etiquette Norms? A Test Of Two Explanations For Why Narcissism Relates To Offensive-Language Use, John Milton Adams, Dan Florell, K. Alex Burton, William Hart
Psychology Faculty and Staff Research
Narcissists often fail to abide by norms for polite social conduct, but why? The current study addressed this issue by exploring reasons why narcissists use more offensive language (i.e., profanity) than non-narcissists. In this study, 602 participants completed a survey in which they responded on a measure of trait narcissism, rated several offensive words on the degree to which the words were attention-grabbing and offensive, and then indicated how frequently they used the words. Consistent with the idea that narcissists use offensive language to gain attention, narcissists were incrementally more likely to use offensive language if they perceived such language …
Curiosity Killed The Cat: Investigating A Link Between Curiosity And Risk-Taking Propensity,
2014
Georgia Southern University
Curiosity Killed The Cat: Investigating A Link Between Curiosity And Risk-Taking Propensity, Carolyn E. Gibson
College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations
Curiosity, or the drive for information and experiences that motivates exploration, plays a role in intellectual development. Curiosity is perhaps essential to education and intellectual achievement, but curiosity research is limited. Curiosity has been thought a motivation for learning and a cause of non-sanctioned behaviors and behavioral disorders. This prompts a connection with decision-making, specifically risky decision-making, perhaps with curiosity as a motivating force. In Experiment 1, college students were primed with curiosity, then participated in a lab-based behavioral measure of risk-taking, the Balloon Analogue Risk Task, and answered self-report inventories concerning risk-taking and curiosity. In Experiment 2, 4th and …
The Ebb And Flow Of Performance Feedback,
2014
Butler University
The Ebb And Flow Of Performance Feedback, Chris Thompson
Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection
Researchers have suggested differences between mindfulness and flow in their attentional breadth or focus. Being high or low in attentional breadth is more desirable depending on the situation or the focal task. I sought to better understand mindfulness and flow by seeing how they lessen negative emotional reactions to negative feedback, a process which can hinder performance improvement. In a laboratory experiment 92 Butler University undergraduate students underwent a Tetris performance task; where all participants received the same negative feedback. Measuring for emotional reactions and interest after the negative feedback I did not find significant findings in light of my …
Public And Private Goal Commitment : Self-Control And Choice,
2014
University at Albany, State University of New York
Public And Private Goal Commitment : Self-Control And Choice, Rebekah L. Layton
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Public precommitment to a goal may drive goal achievement. This work explores the effects of public precommitment on goal achievement using the limited-resource model of self-control. Goal commitment which alters future choices available by inflicting a self-imposed cost for giving up is called precommitment. Public commitment to a goal can be viewed as precommitment by imposing a social cost for failure (e.g., anticipated embarrassment). This may facilitate goal pursuit through two processes: First, by shifting the cost earlier in the process via the structural route in which goal-setting processes may deplete self-control resources initially (Studies 1 and 2), while improving …
Exercise Behavior Patterns In Emerging Adulthood: An Exploration Of Predictor Variables From Self-Determination Theory And Transtheoretical Model,
2014
Georgia Southern University
Exercise Behavior Patterns In Emerging Adulthood: An Exploration Of Predictor Variables From Self-Determination Theory And Transtheoretical Model, Chad R. Johnson
College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations
During the transition from childhood to adulthood, young people establish patterns of behavior and make lifestyle choices that affect both their current and future health (NCHS, 2010). Emerging adulthood – a new conception of development for the period from the late teens through the twenties – focuses on individuals ages 18-25 who did not have a child, own a home, or have sufficient income to be fully independent (Arnett, 2000). Very little is known about social influence, motivational mediators, and motivation on exercise behavior within this developmental period. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the influence of …
Risk Factors For Physical Violence Against Partners In The U.S.,
2014
Stony Brook University
Risk Factors For Physical Violence Against Partners In The U.S., K. Daniel O'Leary, Nathan L. Tintle, Evelyn Bromet
Faculty Work Comprehensive List
Objective: To examine unique and relative predictive values of demographic, social learning, developmental, psychopathology, and dyadic variables as risk factors for perpetration of intimate partner physical aggression in a national sample of married or cohabiting individuals. Method: Men (n = 798) and women (n = 770) were selected from the public use data file of the 2003 National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) which used a multistage cluster sampling design. Results: Eight percent of women and 5% of men reported perpetrating physical aggression in the past year. Based on multivariable regression analyses, among men, the unique risk factors for perpetrating physical …
The Effect Of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid In A Mouse Model Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder,
2014
Central Washington University
The Effect Of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid In A Mouse Model Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Rosalind Chaffee
All Master's Theses
The goals of the experiment presented in this thesis were threefold. The primary goal was to construct a mouse model of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) from an existing rat model that utilizes predator scent exposure as a traumatic event that then triggers changes in anxiety-like behavior. The second goal of the experiment was to study the rate of occurrence of PTSD in female and male mice to determine whether the model would mirror the higher rate of PTSD observed in women. Finally, the role of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) as a protective element in biological susceptibility to PTSD was assessed via …
