Effects Of A Visual Script With Multiple Peer Responses On The Reciprocal Responses Of Preschool-Aged Children During Play,
2020
James Madison University
Effects Of A Visual Script With Multiple Peer Responses On The Reciprocal Responses Of Preschool-Aged Children During Play, Shea Manship
Masters Theses, 2020-current
A primary focus of many early childhood educational settings is the development of appropriate play skills. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of using a visual script that included multiple peer responses on the participants’ appropriate reciprocal responses to peers during play time. A concurrent multiple baseline design across participants was used to determine if the use of the visual script would increase the number of appropriate reciprocal responses to peers, and if the average duration of play following successful initiation would increase. The researcher observed two preschool-aged children during free play. During free play, the …
Using Behavioral Skills Training And Video Examples To Teach Undergraduates To Identify The Function Of Behaviors,
2020
James Madison University
Using Behavioral Skills Training And Video Examples To Teach Undergraduates To Identify The Function Of Behaviors, Eliana A. Segal
Masters Theses, 2020-current
This study investigated the relative effectiveness and efficiency of three different training sequences in teaching undergraduate students in psychology and/or special education to identify the function of undesirable behaviors in video examples. The study also evaluated whether the procedures were effective in promoting the generalization from videos of role-played practitioner-child interactions to videos of children displaying undesirable behaviors similar to those depicted in the training videos, but in naturalistic environments. Behavior skills training (BST) and multiple exemplar training were utilized in all three training sequences. The data were supposed to be analyzed through a multiple baseline across participants embedded within …
The Effects Of Training Modality On Acquisition Of Therapeutic Skills Using Behavior Skills Training (Bst): In-Vivo Vs. Tele-Training Modality,
2020
James Madison University
The Effects Of Training Modality On Acquisition Of Therapeutic Skills Using Behavior Skills Training (Bst): In-Vivo Vs. Tele-Training Modality, Sabrena Samuel
Masters Theses, 2020-current
With the small number of Board-Certified Behavior Analysts (BCBA) located outside of the United States, there is a continually increasing demand for applied behavior analysis (ABA) services across the globe. It is critical, therefore, to develop widely accessible, ethically compliant and effective ways to train clinicians to implement ABA procedures and interventions. With advancements in technology, online modalities can be an efficient and effective alternative to train clinicians across a wide range geographically. This study compared the effectiveness of a behavioral skills training (BST) training package used to teach the implementation of the first three phases of the picture exchange …
Using Differential Reinforcement And Stimulus Control To Decrease Child Elopement And Increase Engagement In Play,
2020
James Madison University
Using Differential Reinforcement And Stimulus Control To Decrease Child Elopement And Increase Engagement In Play, Emory C. Bruno
Masters Theses, 2020-current
The purpose of this study was to use a specialized form of differential attention to increase the length of time a child is able to remain within close proximity of an adult during play. The therapist used two sets of skills in the context of play, one for when the child was within close proximity, and the other for when the child was not. The close proximity skills were adapted from Parent-Child Interaction Therapy, an evidence-based therapy designed to create and maintain positive interactions between parent and child. The second skill set consisted of positive play statements and descriptive play …
Analysis Of An Antecedent Prompting Error Correction On Rates Of Disruptive Behaviors And Compliance In Children Diagnosed With Autism Spectrum Disorder,
2020
James Madison University
Analysis Of An Antecedent Prompting Error Correction On Rates Of Disruptive Behaviors And Compliance In Children Diagnosed With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Emily Knox
Masters Theses, 2020-current
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose defining characteristics include deficits in social communication and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, and/or activities (Weiss, Baker, & Butter, 2016). Children diagnosed with ASD frequently engage in disruptive and destructive behaviors that have the function of escaping from work demands. These behaviors impact their ability to contact important instructional material, further impacting their levels of independence. Practitioners typically intervene on these behaviors using interventions that rely heavily on consequence-based interventions. Although there is an abundance of research on effective consequence-based interventions to treat these behaviors, these interventions are often difficult …
The Use Of Digital Millenium Copyright Act To Stifle Speech Through Non-Copyright Related Takedowns,
2020
Seattle University School of Law
The Use Of Digital Millenium Copyright Act To Stifle Speech Through Non-Copyright Related Takedowns, Miller Freeman
Seattle Journal of Technology, Environmental, & Innovation Law
In 1998, Congress passed the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. This law provided new methods of protecting copyright in online media. These protections shift the normal judicial process that would stop the publication of infringing materials to private actors: the online platforms. As a result, online platforms receive notices of infringement and issue takedowns of allegedly copyrighted works without the judicial process which normally considers the purpose of the original notice of infringement. In at least one case, discussed in detail below, this has resulted in a notice and takedown against an individual for reasons not related to the purpose of …
A Comparison Of Technology Based And Non-Technology Based Self-Monitoring Systems Towards Increasing On-Task Behavior In Students With Disabilities,
2020
James Madison University
A Comparison Of Technology Based And Non-Technology Based Self-Monitoring Systems Towards Increasing On-Task Behavior In Students With Disabilities, Cindy Steele May
Masters Theses, 2020-current
The goal of this study is to provide educators, schools systems, behavior analysts and families with a study through single case experimentation to determine if a technology based self-monitoring system is more efficient in increasing on-task behavior for students than a non-technology based self-monitoring system. The researcher will utilize both technology based and non-technology based self-monitoring systems with three middle school students who have an educational eligibility of either autism or an emotional disability. The researcher will collect interobserver agreement with the students as they self-monitor to ensure that each student is utilizing self-monitoring correctly. Both self-monitoring systems will be …
Effects Of Peak Equivalence And Transformation Treatment On Derived Relational Responding As A Generalized Operant And Iq,
2020
Missouri State University
Effects Of Peak Equivalence And Transformation Treatment On Derived Relational Responding As A Generalized Operant And Iq, Lindsey Schneider
Graduate Theses/Dissertations
The present study examined Promoting the Emergence of Advanced Knowledge Relational Training System; Equivalence (PEAK-E) and Transformation’s (PEAK-T) effect on a participant with ASD’s derived relational responding, intelligence scores (WPPSI-IV; Weschler 2012), and the deceleration coefficient. One participant with ASD was given 10 weeks of PEAK-E and PEAK-T treatment for four hours a week, along with probes throughout the study for IQ scores and deceleration coefficient scores. The data indicated a significant relationship between PEAK-E and PEAK-T treatment and IQ scores, as well as a relationship between PEAK scores and a participant’s deceleration coefficient. This indicated that PEAK-E and …
Goal-Setting And Prompting To Increase Id-Checking Behavior,
2020
Missouri State University
Goal-Setting And Prompting To Increase Id-Checking Behavior, Samantha N. Carton
Graduate Theses/Dissertations
Credit card fraud is an important issue that occurs in many different business settings and locations across the world (Federal Trade Commission, 2018). The United States shifted to the use of Europay, Mastercard, and Visa (EMV) system to help with this issue but credit card fraud continues unabated. ID-checking is infrequently performed by employees when customers are purchasing items with debit/credit cards and results in an increase in fraudulent charges that cost businesses and consumers a considerable amount of time, frustration, and money. Two studies (Geller 1997; Geller 2001) showed that by using goal-setting, feedback, prompting, and utilizing managerial involvement …
Evaluating The Construct Validity Of The Peak Comprehensive Assessment: Measuring Language And Cognition,
2020
Missouri State University
Evaluating The Construct Validity Of The Peak Comprehensive Assessment: Measuring Language And Cognition, Nicole Rae Mcdonald
Graduate Theses/Dissertations
The purpose of the current study was to conduct a pilot investigation of the internal construct validity of the four modules of the PEAK Comprehensive Assessment (PCA). The PCA has been developed through robust research over the past five years (Dixon et al. 2017) and is designed to evaluate language and cognitive skills of individuals with developmental disabilities, including neurodevelopmental disorders such as Autism Spectrum Disorder. Although the PCA contains four modules exemplifying four distinct learning processes (Direct Training, Generalization, Equivalence, and Relational Learning), these four processes may represent one singular learning construct, described loosely as “executive functioning” or “cognitive …
Delay And Geographic Discounting Exert Multiple Control Over Climate Change Policy Preference,
2020
Missouri State University
Delay And Geographic Discounting Exert Multiple Control Over Climate Change Policy Preference, Celeste Noelle Unnerstall
Graduate Theses/Dissertations
The procedures were informed by a pilot investigation conducted by this research team that is described below. In the primary study, students attending Missouri State University chose between a policy with no restrictions or taxation on their carbon emissions versus a restriction on the amount of mileage driven per month and taxation related to the mileage. The main study also included an added variable of the influence a redistribution taxation policy into different geographic distances would have on policy preference. Results were interpreted in terms of a multilevel hyperbolic discounting model using the “R” program. The results suggest that there …
Relationships Among Specific Types Of Trait Mindfulness, Need For Cognitive Closure, And Affect,
2020
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Relationships Among Specific Types Of Trait Mindfulness, Need For Cognitive Closure, And Affect, Kelly Parker
Psychological Science Undergraduate Honors Theses
Mindfulness has a multitude of benefits including, but not limited to, increasing one’s positive affect, decreasing stress, lowering blood pressure, protecting against depression and reducing chronic pain. The pre-existing literature on mindfulness unanimously suggests that mindfulness relies on self-regulating functions to improve overall well-being but lacks information regarding which specific emotion-regulating characteristics may play a role in determining mindfulness tendencies. The present research investigated whether or not an individual’s trait mindfulness is correlated with one’s need for cognitive closure (NFC) and how these measures relate to positive and negative affect. A total of 328 participants, recruited from the University of …
Training Teachers To Differentiate Instruction To Address Work Completion Problems In Math,
2020
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Training Teachers To Differentiate Instruction To Address Work Completion Problems In Math, Elisabeth Kane
College of Education and Human Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
This dissertation investigated an adaptation of functional analysis methodology, performance deficit analysis (PDA), and its use in training teachers to differentiate instruction for students having difficulty completing independent math seatwork. Participants included three middle school teachers and one of their students who was referred for having difficulty completing his or her work. Behavioral skills training was used to individually train each teacher to interpret her student’s PDA data, determine if the student had a skill or performance deficit, and select appropriate motivational and instructional strategies to increase the student’s performance. To answer the research questions, a multiple-baseline-design across teachers was …
Evaluating Changes In Peak And Iq Scores In Children With Autism Following A Peak Treatment Program,
2020
Missouri State University
Evaluating Changes In Peak And Iq Scores In Children With Autism Following A Peak Treatment Program, Megan Nicole Kimzey
Graduate Theses/Dissertations
The present study evaluated the relationship between scores on the Promoting the Emergence of Advanced Knowledge Pre-Assessments (Equivalence & Transformation Modules; PEAK) in one individual with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their corresponding performance on standardized IQ tests (WPPSI-IV Short Form), their performances on PEAK assessments following 10 weeks of treatment with four hours per week, and the corresponding obtained relational deceleration coefficient. The data indicated a strong, significant relationship between participation in PEAK treatment and an increase in scores on PEAK and IQ tests. The relational deceleration coefficient score did not change significantly. These results have the implications PEAK …
The Impact Of Stress On Diet, Sleep, And Exercise Amongst College Students,
2020
University of Rhode Island
The Impact Of Stress On Diet, Sleep, And Exercise Amongst College Students, Jessica Rizzo
Senior Honors Projects
Stress is something that everyone faces in their lifetime and has an everlasting impact on their health. College students face high levels of stress throughout the semester, but how is that impacting their behavior? I conducted a survey alongside Dr. Melanson, a professor in the Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, to see just how college students are reacting to stress. The survey was circulated to different departments and classes to achieve a widespread collection of data. The survey remained completely anonymous and posed questions about eating, exercise, and sleep habits, along with questions on demographics and stress levels. Our …
Evaluating Correlations Between The Peak Equivalence And Transformation Assessments With Intelligence Quotient Scores And The Relational Acquisition Of Skills In Children With Autism,
2020
Missouri State University
Evaluating Correlations Between The Peak Equivalence And Transformation Assessments With Intelligence Quotient Scores And The Relational Acquisition Of Skills In Children With Autism, Hannah L. Wallace
Graduate Theses/Dissertations
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate correlations between PEAK Equivalence and Transformation assessment scores to Intelligence Quotient (IQ) scores in children with autism. An assessment called the Relational Acquisition of Skills in Children with autism (RASC) was created as a pilot test. This method was used to test relational responding in young children with autism. The scores of this assessment were correlated with scores obtained using PEAK Equivalence and Transformation assessments and IQ. It was found that PEAK Equivalence and Transformation assessments had a strong positive correlation with IQ. No significant relationship between the Relational Acquisition of …
Through Their Eyes: Exploring The Relationship Between College Females' Body Perceptions And Recreation Center Messaging,
2020
University of Northern Iowa
Through Their Eyes: Exploring The Relationship Between College Females' Body Perceptions And Recreation Center Messaging, Sydney Leigh Ann Cindrich
Dissertations and Theses @ UNI
The study aimed to investigate the influence that recreation center promotional messaging had on college females’ body perceptions. Body perceptions among young adult females have been linked to mental health (McKay, 2013; Miner-Rubino, Twenge, & Fredrickson, 2002). Female participants 18 to 25 years of age (N = 137, Mage = 20.41) from a mid-sized, Midwestern university completed two separate body perception questionnaires. These questionnaires assessed body appreciation (functionality) and body shame (objectification). Participants were divided into three groups and shown a collage of recreation center messages that were portraying one of three conditions (a) body functionality, (b) self-objectification, or (c) …
Depletion Manipulations Decrease Openness To Dissent Via Increased Anger,
2020
Singapore Management University
Depletion Manipulations Decrease Openness To Dissent Via Increased Anger, Ming-Hong Tsai, Norman P. Li
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
We investigated a potential outcome of ego depletion manipulations and an importantfactor behind cooperative failure: a lack of openness to others’ dissenting opinions.Across five studies in a variety of task settings, we examined the effect of depletionmanipulations on openness to dissent and investigated two negative emotions as potentialmediators of this process: fatigue and anger. The results demonstrated a negative effect ofdepletion manipulations on openness to dissent through increased anger rather thanfatigue (Studies 1–5). In Studies 3 and 4, we also eliminated perceived trust towards a taskcounterpart as a significant mediator of the relationship between depletion manipulationsand openness to dissent. These …
Toward The Development Of A Practitioner-Friendly Delay Tolerance Assessment And Treatment For Typically-Developing Children,
2020
Florida Institute of Technology
Toward The Development Of A Practitioner-Friendly Delay Tolerance Assessment And Treatment For Typically-Developing Children, Kaitlynn Mary Gokey
Theses and Dissertations
Delay discounting is the decrease in the value of a reinforcer as a function of the delay to the delivery of the reinforcer. Individuals who exhibit steep delay discounting are commonly referred to as ‘impulsive’ and are at a greater risk of behavior problems such as poor academic performance, addiction, and excessive risk-taking. One effective intervention is a concurrent activity, in which the individual must complete a task demand during the waiting period. Rules and rulegoverned behavior also play a critical role in improving delay discounting rates across populations, and may be used as an intervention to promote self-controlled responses. …
Evaluating The Diverted Attention Condition In A Trial-Based Functional Analysis,
2020
Rollins College
Evaluating The Diverted Attention Condition In A Trial-Based Functional Analysis, Kyle Frank
Thesis Projects
The diverted attention condition of a functional analysis is similar to the standard attention condition; however, instead of the therapist engaging in another task and ignoring the participant, the therapist provides attention to a confederate while diverting attention away from the participant. Contingent upon the occurrence of problem behavior, attention is diverted back to the participant. This study evaluated the diverted attention condition using a trial-based functional analysis format. Results of the standard functional analysis for both subjects were undifferentiated, whereas results of the trial-based functional analysis showed an attention function for one subject through the use of a diverted …
