Improved Attending In An 8-Year-Old Boy Diagnosed With Down Syndrome Through Teaching With Acoustical Guidance,
2022
St. Cloud State University; Beyond Behavior, LLC
Improved Attending In An 8-Year-Old Boy Diagnosed With Down Syndrome Through Teaching With Acoustical Guidance, Jessica Bracken, Cara Holtz, Benjamin Witts
SCSU Journal of Student Scholarship
Skill acquisition can be particularly difficult when prerequisites are lacking (e.g., attending to learning materials) that are necessary to expand academic abilities. However, behavioral technologies exist that can help individuals overcome, or at least improve their quality of life despite these difficulties. The current case study used a quasi-changing-criterions-design to examine the effectiveness of a Teaching with Acoustical Guidance (TAGteach) technique to increase attending to learning materials in an eight-year-old participant with Down syndrome. The TAGteach technique was effective in increasing the percentage of trials in which the participant looked at materials and the duration of looking at presented materials …
Human Dimensions Of Natural Resources: A Case Of Farmers In Northern Rwanda,
2022
University of Tennessee, Knoxville
Human Dimensions Of Natural Resources: A Case Of Farmers In Northern Rwanda, Jean Francois Regis Nisengwe
Doctoral Dissertations
As food demand increases globally, the world faces the challenge of feeding everyone without harming the environment. Meeting this challenge requires increased food production. Paradoxically, increased food production can harm the environment and natural resources. Change in consumption patterns offers an opportunity to reconcile the increase in food production and environmental protection. However, consumption patterns can only change if they are perceived first, then acted upon. Research shows that people who perceive their consumption of natural resources are more likely to conserve them as they can see how much they are consuming. This study investigated perceptions of natural resources and …
Prospective Person Memory In The Case Of Missing Persons: A Coffee Shop Study,
2022
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Prospective Person Memory In The Case Of Missing Persons: A Coffee Shop Study, Cara Bascom
Psychological Science Undergraduate Honors Theses
Prospective person memory (PPM) is the process of remembering to perform some action after encountering a target individual, such as identifying and reporting a missing person sighting after viewing a missing person alert (Moore et al., 2021). Research has shown that identification rates generally tend to be low in simulated missing person studies (Lampinen & Moore, 2016b). The purpose of the current research is to determine how to improve missing person recognition rates. This project explores the potential effects of using videos in missing person reports as compared to using static images. We also consider differences between rigid and non-rigid …
Relationship Between Pet And Human Separation Anxiety On Owners’ Anxiety And Physical Health,
2022
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Relationship Between Pet And Human Separation Anxiety On Owners’ Anxiety And Physical Health, Noah Ross
Psychological Science Undergraduate Honors Theses
Pet ownership has always been thought to be beneficial, but some recent studies have not been consistent with this statement. A possible explanation for this is an unhealthy overdependence that pets and pet owners have developed as a result of the Coronavirus pandemic. In this paper, I examine whether separation anxiety from pets, people, and separation behavior of pets could be predictors of anxiety and physical health. The first prediction was that pet and non pet owners differed demographically. Also, it was hypothesized that separation anxiety from humans, separation anxiety from pets, but not pet separation behaviors predicted anxiety and …
Impact Of Fear On Interpersonal And Economic Decision-Making,
2022
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Impact Of Fear On Interpersonal And Economic Decision-Making, John Wilson
Economics Undergraduate Honors Theses
Fear is one of the most basic, intrinsic, and powerful emotions an individual may experience when faced with known or unknown threats, imminent pressures, or expectations of approaching doom. Fear may allow an individual to act quickly in a fight-or-flight response. Fear can alter both physiological and psychological frameworks to avoid certain calamity. Fear provides motivation to protect oneself or to effectuate altruistic behavior towards others for the greater good. One lesser explored area of research pertaining to fear and its implications is the influence of fear on interpersonal and economic decision-making. Economic volatility can produce both immediate consequences as …
Examining The Effects Of Different Coping Styles On Dependent Stress Generation,
2022
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Examining The Effects Of Different Coping Styles On Dependent Stress Generation, Whitney Skaggs
Psychological Science Undergraduate Honors Theses
In this study, I prospectively examined the associations between different coping styles and stress. Stress can be classified as independent, which is stress that an individual has no control over, or dependent stress, which is stress that occurs because of the individuals’ actions. Coping is how individuals deal with that stress. With the role that coping plays in stress, I expected that it would relate to stress generation. I hypothesized that some forms of coping would prospectively predict the occurrence of less dependent stress but not independent stress. To test this hypothesis, I had college students (N=73) complete …
An Exploration Of Skills And Competencies To Develop Tiny Tasks For A Sustainability Mindset,
2022
College for Creative Studies
An Exploration Of Skills And Competencies To Develop Tiny Tasks For A Sustainability Mindset, Migielia Ga De Rooij
Creative Studies Graduate Student Master's Projects
The Journal of Environmental Psychology and Human Ecology Review have produced various articles about the relationship between values, environmental attitudes, happiness, and sustainable lifestyles. Research shows that a change of individual behaviors and lifestyles is generally considered to be of vital importance for making the transition to a sustainable society. This project explored the individual skills and competencies that are needed to develop a Sustainability Mindset, also referred to as the 12 Sustainability Principles in the book The Sustainability Mindset Principles: A Guide to Developing a Mindset for a Better World written by Isabel Rimanoczy in 2021. The first result …
Examining Difference In Social Perceptions Between Women Using Hormonal Contraceptives And Naturally Cycling Women,
2022
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Examining Difference In Social Perceptions Between Women Using Hormonal Contraceptives And Naturally Cycling Women, Caroline B. Johnson
Biological Sciences Undergraduate Honors Theses
The term “stress” refers to a person’s psychological and physiological response to the demands and pressures of the world around them (Farlex, 2021). Past research has shown that stress can have negative side effects on a person’s well-being (Aneshensel et al., 1991; Wunsch et al., 2017; Michie, 2002). Although people experience stress, some people perceive more stress than others. Perceptions are important because the way one understands certain conditions can elicit distinct emotional and physiological responses (Kemeny, 2003). An important factor that has not received a lot of attention is women’s use of hormonal contraceptives. In the United States, 24.4% …
Combating Recidivism,
2022
University of Rhode Island
Combating Recidivism, Shaylin Daley
Senior Honors Projects
SHAYLIN DALEY (Psychology) Combating Recidivism Sponsor: Lisa Holley (Political Science) Many people believe that criminals cannot be helped. It is evident that at least some of society shuns people who break laws and have negative views about the amount of money spent on detaining inmates. Thousands of individuals are released from United States prisons a day. Many of these individuals have no plan in place for their return home and are sent into the streets with nothing except for a jail ID. Most of these people will end up returning to prison. A good sum of these people face problems …
Reimaging Take-Up In Challenging Times: Determining The Predictive Value Of Publicly Available Socio-Demographic Data For Social Assistance Programs,
2022
University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
Reimaging Take-Up In Challenging Times: Determining The Predictive Value Of Publicly Available Socio-Demographic Data For Social Assistance Programs, Margaret Dempsey
Honors Theses
Social assistance programs throughout the nation have experienced major obstacles to both funding and service provision related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study examines one strategy that a local Chattanooga nonprofit organization, Chattanooga Endeavors, explored to increase the rate of participation in a 21-day online program that assists justice involved individuals to address goals related to employment, education, and public assistance. The organization has access to judgment orders from Hamilton County (TN) Criminal Court and has used this information to identify individuals who have been sentenced to serve a prison term and who are eligible for an outreach program …
The Vigilante Identity And Organizations,
2022
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
The Vigilante Identity And Organizations, Fan Xuan Chen, Maja Graso, Karl Aquino, Lily Lin, Joey T. Cheng, Katherine Decelles, Abhijeet K. Vadera
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
We test the theoretical and practical utility of the vigilante identity, a self-perception of being the kind of person who monitors their environment for signs of norm violations, and who punishes the perceived norm violator, without formal authority. We develop and validate a measure of the vigilante identity scale (VIS) and demonstrate the scale’s incremental predictive validity above and beyond seemingly related constructs (Studies 1 – 2e). We show that the VIS predicts hypervigilance towards organizational wrongdoing (Studies 2 and 4), punishment intentions and behavior in and of organizations (Studies 3 and 4) as well as in the wider community …
A Global Experiment On Motivating Social Distancing During The Covid-19 Pandemic,
2022
Singapore Management University
A Global Experiment On Motivating Social Distancing During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Nicole Legate, Thuy-Vy Nguyen, Et Al.
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This crosscountry, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e., a controlling message) compared with no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. …
Reducing A Dog’S Problem Behavior Using Functional Communication Training: A Case Study,
2022
Lindenwood University
Reducing A Dog’S Problem Behavior Using Functional Communication Training: A Case Study, Audrey Blunt, Robbie Hanson
Theses
Many dogs are relinquished to animal shelters and subsequently euthanized each year due to problem behaviors, such as excessive barking (ASPCA, n.d.). Unfortunately, punishment-based procedures (e.g., bark collars) have been commonly used to reduce these behaviors, despite negative side-effects such as escape and aggression. Functional communication training (FCT) involves teaching a replacement behavior that is functionally equivalent to the problem behavior and is a documented strategy to reduce problem behaviors in humans (e.g., Carr & Durand, 1985). In the current study, one 11-month old dog who had a history of whining, mouthing, and pawing was taught to mand (request) for …
The Effect Of A Toilet Training Seminar On Classroom Staff's Knowledge Of Evidence-Based Toileting Practices,
2022
Western Michigan University
The Effect Of A Toilet Training Seminar On Classroom Staff's Knowledge Of Evidence-Based Toileting Practices, Madeline Ritter
Honors Theses
Toileting is a critical life skill that may present challenges to individuals with an intellectual or developmental disability (IDD). Extensive research on toilet training has been conducted in clinical, residential, and home settings; however, limited research has been conducted on toilet training in educational settings. Educational settings present unique challenges that other settings may not, which makes research on toilet training in these settings critical (Cagliani et al., 2021). Additionally, research on toileting in educational settings have not evaluated classroom staff’s acceptance of evidence-based toileting strategies. The current study used a pre posttest design to examine the effect of a …
A Comparison Of Models In Video Modeling To Teach Vocal Skills,
2022
Rollins College
A Comparison Of Models In Video Modeling To Teach Vocal Skills, Caroline Phan
Thesis Projects
Video modeling is a strategy used to teach learners new skills by viewing a video of a model engaging in a target behavior and then having the learner imitate the behavior (Cooper et al., 2019). Much research has been conducted on the effectiveness of video modeling when compared to in vivo modeling, but there are still various limitations to consider, including its effectiveness as a solo intervention, who are the most impactful models to include, and the effectiveness of the intervention for certain populations. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of video modeling as a solo …
Buprenorphine Effects On Anxiety-Like Behavior In B6 Mice,
2022
University of Tennessee, Knoxville
Buprenorphine Effects On Anxiety-Like Behavior In B6 Mice, Megan K. Thibert
Select or Award-Winning Individual Scholarship
Buprenorphine, a semi-synthetic opioid prescribed for the treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD), has been suggested as a potential pharmacological treatment for anxiety. Some preclinical and clinical studies provide support for the anxiolytic effects of buprenorphine, but research in this area is scarce, and findings to date have been mixed. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that buprenorphine alters anxiety-like behavior in C57BL/IJ (B6) mice measured using the elevated zero maze (EZM). Adult, male mice (n=10) were given subcutaneous injections of saline (control) and three doses of buprenorphine (0.3, 1, and 10 mg/kg). One hour following injection, …
Classical Conditioning Of Cognitive States,
2022
Ursinus College
Classical Conditioning Of Cognitive States, Arthur Burns
Neuroscience Honors Papers
Classical conditioning has been a fundamental concept and practice throughout the history of psychology. While classical conditioning traditionally seeks to elicit target behaviors in correlation to specific stimuli, we sought to do the same with cognitive states in place of behaviors. Specifically, we wanted to determine the effectiveness of conditioning states of cognitive arousal in human participants in conjunction with cues presented in a designed learning task. We designed a cognitive task specifically for this research, referred to as “the Tone Pitching Task”, which utilized a combination of working memory and mental processing in order to elicit cognitive arousal and …
The Effectiveness Of A Skills Assessment Sequence On Evaluating Independent Handwriting,
2022
Rollins College
The Effectiveness Of A Skills Assessment Sequence On Evaluating Independent Handwriting, Rebecca Mischuck
Thesis Projects
Skills assessments are an important component of effective applied behavior analysis services. Rapid skills assessments can help clinicians determine whether an observed skill deficit requires intervention in the form of changing reinforcement contingencies or through teaching. Response prompt assessments determine which prompt type is most effective and efficient for individuals. Both assessments provide a more comprehensive approach to developing effective skill acquisition services. The purpose of this study was to combine the rapid skills and prompt type assessments into one assessment sequence. An adapted alternating treatments design examined the effectiveness of first assessing reinforcement alone; then a response prompt assessment …
Comparing Operant Discrimination Training And Response Contingent Pairing For Eliciting Vocalizations,
2022
Rollins College
Comparing Operant Discrimination Training And Response Contingent Pairing For Eliciting Vocalizations, Jade Grimes
Thesis Projects
Delays to language acquisition can have negative impacts to a child’s academic and social interactions. Stimulus-stimulus pairing (SSP) is a clinical procedure used to increase vocalizations by early language learners. Alternative interventions to SSP include response contingent pairing (RCP) and operant discrimination training (ODT). The results from previous research in RCP and ODT have limited benefit to clinical applications because verbal approximations were not reinforced, and they did not bring the vocalizations under stimulus control. The present study sought to evaluate the use of RCP and ODT to determine which intervention increased vocalizations. Two children aged 2- and 6-years-old, diagnosed …
More Than Just Virtual Communication: Examining Canadian Volunteers’ Virtual Contact Experiences With Refugees,
2022
The University of Western Ontario
More Than Just Virtual Communication: Examining Canadian Volunteers’ Virtual Contact Experiences With Refugees, Maria Besselink
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Canada plays a key role in addressing the ‘global refugee crisis’ as it accepts more refugees per capita than any other country. Although Canadians increasingly view support for immigration and multiculturalism as integral components of their national identity, the number of immigrants and refugees Canada accepts yearly is an increasingly polarized issue. In line with the Intergroup Contact Hypothesis, the current study investigated how Canadian volunteers’ repeated virtual contact experiences with refugees affected their generalized attitudes towards refugees over time. Our findings did not suggest that the quality and quantity of participants’ virtual contact experiences affected their attitudes. The findings …
