White Matter Changes Associated With Antipsychotic Treatment In First-Episode Psychosis,
2014
Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine
White Matter Changes Associated With Antipsychotic Treatment In First-Episode Psychosis, P. Szeszko, D. G. Robinson, T. Ikuta, B. D. Peters, J. Gallego, J. Kane, A. K. Malhotra
Journal Articles
Second-generation antipsychotics are utilized extensively in the treatment of psychotic disorders and other psychiatric conditions, but the effects of these medications on human brain white matter are not well understood. We thus investigated the effects of second-generation antipsychotics on white matter integrity using tract-based spatial statistics in patients experiencing a first episode of psychosis with little or no prior antipsychotic exposure, and how potential changes were associated with metabolic side effects. Thirty-five (26 men/9 women) patients experiencing a first episode of psychosis received diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) exams, clinical assessments, and provided fasting blood samples at the onset of antipsychotic …
Prevalence And Correlates Of Antipsychotic Polypharmacy In Children And Adolescents Receiving Antipsychotic Treatment*,
2014
Northwell Health
Prevalence And Correlates Of Antipsychotic Polypharmacy In Children And Adolescents Receiving Antipsychotic Treatment*, N. Toteja, J. Gallego, E. Saito, T. Gerhard, A. Winterstein, M. Olfson, C. U. Correll
Journal Articles
Antipsychotic polypharmacy (APP), which is common in adults with psychotic disorders, is of unproven efficacy and raises safety concerns. Although youth are increasingly prescribed antipsychotics, little is known about APP in this population. We performed a systematic PubMed search (last update 26 January 2013) of studies reporting the prevalence of APP in antipsychotic-treated youth. Summary statistics and statistical tests were calculated at the study level and not weighted by sample size. Fifteen studies (n=58041, range 68-23183) reported on APP in youth [mean age=13.4 +/- 1.7 yr, 67.1 +/- 10.2% male, 77.9 +/- 27.4% treated with second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs)]. Data collected …
Age-Associated Alterations In Corpus Callosum White Matter Integrity In Bipolar Disorder Assessed Using Probabilistic Tractography,
2014
Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine
Age-Associated Alterations In Corpus Callosum White Matter Integrity In Bipolar Disorder Assessed Using Probabilistic Tractography, N. Toteja, P. Guvenek-Cokol, T. Ikuta, V. Kafantaris, B. D. Peters, K. E. Burdick, M. John, A. K. Malhotra, P. Szeszko
Journal Articles
OBJECTIVES: Atypical age-associated changes in white matter integrity may play a role in the neurobiology of bipolar disorder, but no studies have examined the major white matter tracts using nonlinear statistical modeling across a wide age range in this disorder. The goal of this study was to identify possible deviations in the typical pattern of age-associated changes in white matter integrity in patients with bipolar disorder across the age range of 9-62 years. METHODS: Diffusion tensor imaging was performed in 57 (20 male and 37 female) patients with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder and 57 (20 male and 37 female) …
Genome-Wide Mapping Of Ibd Segments In An Ashkenazi Pd Cohort Identifies Associated Haplotypes,
2014
Northwell Researcher
Genome-Wide Mapping Of Ibd Segments In An Ashkenazi Pd Cohort Identifies Associated Haplotypes, V. Vacic, L. J. Ozelius, L. N. Clark, A. Bar-Shira, M. Gana-Weisz, T. Gurevich, A. Gusev, S. Guha, T. Lencz, A. Orr-Urtreger, +10 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
The recent series of large genome-wide association studies in European and Japanese cohorts established that Parkinson disease (PD) has a substantial genetic component. To further investigate the genetic landscape of PD, we performed a genome-wide scan in the largest to date Ashkenazi Jewish cohort of 1130 Parkinson patients and 2611 pooled controls. Motivated by the reduced disease allele heterogeneity and a high degree of identical-by-descent (IBD) haplotype sharing in this founder population, we conducted a haplotype association study based on mapping of shared IBD segments. We observed significant haplotype association signals at three previously implicated Parkinson loci: LRRK2 (OR = …
Hospitalization Rates In Patients Switched From Oral Anti-Psychotics To Aripiprazole Once-Monthly: Final Efficacy Analysis,
2014
Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine
Hospitalization Rates In Patients Switched From Oral Anti-Psychotics To Aripiprazole Once-Monthly: Final Efficacy Analysis, John Kane, C. Zhao, B. R. Johnson, R. A. Baker, A. Eramo, R. D. Mcquade, A. R. Duca, R. Sanchez, T. Peters-Strickland
Journal Articles
Abstract Objective: To compare hospitalization rates in patients with schizophrenia treated prospectively with aripiprazole once-monthly 400 mg (AOM 400; an extended-release injectable suspension) vs the same patients' retrospective rates with their prior oral anti-psychotic therapy. Research design and methods: Multi-center, open-label, mirror-image, naturalistic study in a community setting in North America. Patients who required a change in treatment and/or would benefit from long-acting injectable anti-psychotic therapy were treated prospectively for 6 months with AOM 400. Retrospective data on hospitalization rates were obtained. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01432444. Main outcome measures: The proportion of patients with >/=1 psychiatric inpatient hospitalization with …
Optimal Treatment Of Alzheimer's Disease Psychosis: Challenges And Solutions,
2014
Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine
Optimal Treatment Of Alzheimer's Disease Psychosis: Challenges And Solutions, Jeremy Koppel, Blaine Greenwald
Journal Articles
Psychotic symptoms emerging in the context of neurodegeneration as a consequence of Alzheimer's disease was recognized and documented by Alois Alzheimer himself in his description of the first reported case of the disease. Over a quarter of a century ago, in the context of attempting to develop prognostic markers of disease progression, psychosis was identified as an independent predictor of a more-rapid cognitive decline. This finding has been subsequently well replicated, rendering psychotic symptoms an important area of exploration in clinical history taking - above and beyond treatment necessity - as their presence has prognostic significance. Further, there is now …
The Relationship Of Neurocognition And Negative Symptoms To Social And Role Functioning Over Time In Individuals At Clinical High Risk In The First Phase Of The North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study,
2014
Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine
The Relationship Of Neurocognition And Negative Symptoms To Social And Role Functioning Over Time In Individuals At Clinical High Risk In The First Phase Of The North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study, E. C. Meyer, Ricardo Carrion, Barbara Cornblatt, J. Addington, K. S. Cadenhead, T. D. Cannon, T. H. Mcglashan, D. O. Perkins, M. T. Tsuang, L. J. Seidman, +3 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
OBJECTIVES: Impaired social, role, and neurocognitive functioning are preillness characteristics of people who later develop psychosis. In people with schizophrenia, neurocognition and negative symptoms are associated with functional impairment. We examined the relative contributions of neurocognition and symptoms to social and role functioning over time in clinically high-risk (CHR) individuals and determined if negative symptoms mediated the influence of cognition on functioning. METHODS: Social, role, and neurocognitive functioning and positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms were assessed in 167 individuals at CHR for psychosis in the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study Phase 1 (NAPLS-1), of whom 96 were reassessed at 12 …
Comparative Effectiveness Of Risperidone Long-Acting Injectable Vs First-Generation Antipsychotic Long-Acting Injectables In Schizophrenia: Results From A Nationwide, Retrospective Inception Cohort Study,
2014
Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine
Comparative Effectiveness Of Risperidone Long-Acting Injectable Vs First-Generation Antipsychotic Long-Acting Injectables In Schizophrenia: Results From A Nationwide, Retrospective Inception Cohort Study, J. Nielsen, S. O. Jensen, R. B. Friis, J. B. Valentin, Christoph Correll
Journal Articles
Objective: To compare in a generalizable sample/setting objective outcomes in patients receiving first-generation antipsychotic long-acting injectables (FGA-LAIs) or risperidone-LAI (RIS-LAI). Methods: Nationwide, retrospective inception cohort study of adults with International Classification of Diseases-10 schizophrenia using Danish registers from 1995 to 2009 comparing outcomes between clinician's/patient's choice treatment with FGA-LAIs or RIS-LAI. Primary outcome was time to psychiatric hospitalization using Cox-regression adjusting for relevant covariates. Secondary outcomes included time to all-cause discontinuation and psychiatric hospitalization in patients without LAI possession gap >28 days, and number of bed-days after psychiatric hospitalization. Results: Among 4532 patients followed for 2700 patient-years, 2078 received RIS-LAI …
Antipsychotic Treatment For Children And Adolescents With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Protocol For A Network Meta-Analysis Of Randomised Trials,
2014
Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine
Antipsychotic Treatment For Children And Adolescents With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Protocol For A Network Meta-Analysis Of Randomised Trials, A. K. Pagsberg, S. Tarp, D. Glintborg, A. D. Stenstrom, A. Fink-Jensen, Christoph Correll, R. Christensen
Journal Articles
Introduction: Antipsychotic treatment in early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) lacks a rich evidence base, and efforts to rank different drugs concerning their efficacy have not proven any particular drug superior. In contrast to the literature regarding adult-onset schizophrenia (AOS), comparative effectiveness studies in children and adolescents are limited in number and size, and only a few meta-analyses based on conventional methodologies have been conducted. Methods and analyses: We will conduct a network meta-analysis of all randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluate antipsychotic therapies for EOS to determine which compounds are efficacious, and to determine the relative efficacy and safety of these treatments …
Towards A Psychosis Risk Blood Diagnostic For Persons Experiencing High-Risk Symptoms: Preliminary Results From The Napls Project,
2014
Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine
Towards A Psychosis Risk Blood Diagnostic For Persons Experiencing High-Risk Symptoms: Preliminary Results From The Napls Project, D. O. Perkins, C. D. Jeffries, J. Addington, C. E. Bearden, K. S. Cadenhead, T. D. Cannon, Barbara Cornblatt, D. H. Mathalon, S. W. Woods, R. Heinssen, +4 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
INTRODUCTION: A barrier to preventative treatments for psychosis is the absence of accurate identification of persons at highest risk. A blood test that could substantially increase diagnostic accuracy would enhance development of psychosis prevention interventions. METHODS: The North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study project is a multisite endeavor that aims to better understand predictors and mechanisms for the development of psychosis. In this study, we measured expression of plasma analytes reflecting inflammation, oxidative stress, hormones, and metabolism. A "greedy algorithm" selected analytes that best distinguished persons with clinical high-risk symptoms who developed psychosis (CHR-P; n = 32) from unaffected comparison (UC) …
Child And Adolescent Psychiatrists' Attitudes And Practices Prescribing Second Generation Antipsychotics,
2014
Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine
Child And Adolescent Psychiatrists' Attitudes And Practices Prescribing Second Generation Antipsychotics, A. M. Rodday, S. K. Parsons, C. U. Correll, A. S. Robb, B. T. Zima, T. S. Saunders, L. K. Leslie
Journal Articles
Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine psychiatrists' attitudes and practices in prescribing second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) to children and adolescents (referred to here as "children") and identify factors associated with off-label SGA use. Methods: A survey was mailed to a national, randomly selected sample of 1600 child and adolescent psychiatrists identified by the American Medical Association. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors, including psychiatrists' characteristics, practice characteristics, and psychiatrists' attitudes, that are associated with off-label SGA use (i.e., SGAs used in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, or nonbipolar mood disorders). Results: …
Perceived Discrimination In Those At Clinical High Risk For Psychosis,
2014
Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine
Perceived Discrimination In Those At Clinical High Risk For Psychosis, M. M. Saleem, J. Stowkowy, K. S. Cadenhead, T. D. Cannon, B. Cornblatt, T. H. Mcglashan, D. O. Perkins, L. J. Seidman, M. T. Tsuang, S. W. Woods, +2 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
Aim: There is evidence to suggest that perceived discrimination may be associated with psychosis. Less is known about its potential impact on those at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of perceived discrimination in a CHR sample and its possible relationship to attenuated positive symptoms and negative self-beliefs. Methods: Participants were 360 CHR individuals and 180 healthy controls. Assessments included a self-report measure of perceived discrimination, the Scale of Prodromal Symptoms and the Brief Core Schema Scale. Results: CHR participants reported significantly more perceived discrimination. Perceived discrimination was significantly associated …
Antidepressants For Cognitive Impairment In Schizophrenia - A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis,
2014
Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine
Antidepressants For Cognitive Impairment In Schizophrenia - A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, J. A. Vernon, E. Grudnikoff, A. J. Seidman, T. W. Frazier, M. S. Vemulapalli, P. Pareek, T. Goldberg, J. Kane, C. U. Correll
Journal Articles
Background: Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia is disabling, but current treatment options remain limited. Objective: To meta-analyze the efficacy and safety of adjunctive antidepressants for cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. Data sources and study selection: PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library databases were searched until 12/2013 for randomized controlled trials comparing antidepressant augmentation of antipsychotics with placebo regarding effects on cognitive functioning in schizophrenia. Data extraction: Two authors independently extracted data. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated for continuous outcomes and risk ratios for categorical outcomes. SMDs of individual cognitive tests were pooled on a study level within domains (primary outcome) and …
Current Status Specifiers For Patients At Clinical High Risk For Psychosis,
2014
Northwell Health
Current Status Specifiers For Patients At Clinical High Risk For Psychosis, S. W. Woods, B. C. Walsh, J. Addington, K. S. Cadenhead, T. D. Cannon, B. A. Cornblatt, R. Heinssen, D. O. Perkins, L. J. Seidman, T. H. Mcglashan, + 3 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
Background: Longitudinal studies of the clinical high risk (CHR) syndrome for psychosis have emphasized the conversion vs non-conversion distinction and thus far have not focused intensively on classification among non-converters. The present study proposes a system for classifying CHR outcomes over time when using the Structured Interview for Psychosis-risk Syndromes and evaluates its validity. Method: The system for classifying CHR outcomes is referred to as "current status specifiers," with "current" meaning over the month prior to the present evaluation and "specifiers" indicating a set of labels and descriptions of the statuses. Specifiers for four current statuses are described: progression, persistence, …
The 12th Annual Pharmacogenetics In Psychiatry Meeting Report,
2014
Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine
The 12th Annual Pharmacogenetics In Psychiatry Meeting Report, J. Zhang, K. J. Aitchison, A. K. Malhotra
Journal Articles
The 12th Annual Pharmacogenetics in Psychiatry meeting was held in Hollywood, Florida, from 31 May to 1 June 2013, in conjunction with the NCDEU meeting. It included a series of oral presentations as well as a poster session. This report summarizes the presentations at the conference. (C) 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Prospective Memory Performance In Non-Psychotic First-Degree Relatives Of Patients With Schizophrenia: A Controlled Study,
2014
Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine
Prospective Memory Performance In Non-Psychotic First-Degree Relatives Of Patients With Schizophrenia: A Controlled Study, F. C. Zhou, W. M. Hou, C. Y. Wang, G. S. Ungvari, H. F. K. Chiu, C. U. Correll, D. H. K. Shum, D. Man, D. T. Liu, Y. T. Xiang
Journal Articles
Objective: We aimed at investigating prospective memory and its socio-demographic and neurocognitive correlates in nonpsychotic, first-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with schizophrenia compared to patients with first episode schizophrenia (FES), and healthy controls (HCs). Methods: Forty-seven FES patients, 50 non-psychotic FDRs (23 offspring and 27 siblings) of patients with chronic schizophrenia (unrelated to the FES group) and 51 HCs were studied. The Chinese version of the Cambridge Prospective Memory Test (C-CAMPROMPT) was used to measure time-based prospective memory (TBPM) and event-based prospective memory (EBPM) performance. Other cognitive functions (involving respective memory and executive functions) were evaluated with standardized tests. Results: …
Circulating Complexes Of The Vitamin D Binding Protein With G-Actin Induce Lung Inflammation By Targeting Endothelial Cells,
2014
Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell
Circulating Complexes Of The Vitamin D Binding Protein With G-Actin Induce Lung Inflammation By Targeting Endothelial Cells, L. Y. Ge, G. Trujillo, E. J. Miller, R. R. Kew
Journal Articles
This study investigated the actin scavenger function of the vitamin D binding protein (DBP) in vivo using DBP null (-/-) mice. Intravenous injection of G-actin into wild-type (DBP+/+) and DBP-/- mice showed that contrary to expectations, DBP+/+ mice developed more severe acute lung inflammation. Inflammation was restricted to the lung and pathological changes were clearly evident at 1.5 and 4 h post-injection but were largely resolved by 24 h. Histology of DBP+/+ lungs revealed noticeably more vascular leakage, hemorrhage and thickening of the alveolar wall. Flow cytometry analysis of whole lung homogenates showed significantly increased neutrophil infiltration into DBP+/+ mouse …
Low Vitamin D Level Is An Independent Predictor Of Poor Outcomes In Clostridium Difficile-Associated Diarrhea,
2014
Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell
Low Vitamin D Level Is An Independent Predictor Of Poor Outcomes In Clostridium Difficile-Associated Diarrhea, W. J. Wang, S. Gray, C. Sison, S. Arramraju, B. K. John, S. A. Hussain, S. H. Kim, P. Mehta, M. Rubin
Journal Articles
Background: The incidence, recurrence, and all-cause mortality rate for Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) has increased markedly over the past 10 years despite treatment. Low vitamin D levels are known to impair immune responses to infection and are associated with increased mortality. We compared the role of patient comorbidity measured by the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) with vitamin D levels to ascertain whether vitamin D levels were an independent variable affecting the outcome of CDAD or a marker of overall comorbidity. Methods: A prospective cohort study studied 62 patients hospitalized between 2008 and 2009 with manifestations of CDAD and a positive …
Autoimmunity To Vimentin And Lupus Nephritis,
2014
Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell
Autoimmunity To Vimentin And Lupus Nephritis, A. Davidson
Journal Articles
No abstract provided.
Letter From Incoming Editor In Chief Of Molecular Medicine, Dr. Betty Diamond,
2014
Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell
Letter From Incoming Editor In Chief Of Molecular Medicine, Dr. Betty Diamond, B. Diamond
Journal Articles
No abstract provided.
