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Articles 6391 - 6420 of 73574
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
A Decision-Space Model Explains Context-Specific Decision Making, Dirk W. Beck, Cory N. Heaton, Luis D. Davila, Lara I. Rakocevic, Sabrina M. Drammis, Danil Tyulmankov, Atanu Giri, Shreeya Umashankar Beck, Qingyang Zhang, Michael Pokojovy, Kenichiro Negishi, Alexis A. Salcido, Neftali F. Reyes, Andrea Y. Macias, Serina A. Batson, Paulina Vara, Raquel J. Ibáñez Alcalá, Safa B. Hossain, Graham L. Waller, Laura E. O'Dell, Travis M. Moschak, Ki A. Goosens, Alexander Friedman
A Decision-Space Model Explains Context-Specific Decision Making, Dirk W. Beck, Cory N. Heaton, Luis D. Davila, Lara I. Rakocevic, Sabrina M. Drammis, Danil Tyulmankov, Atanu Giri, Shreeya Umashankar Beck, Qingyang Zhang, Michael Pokojovy, Kenichiro Negishi, Alexis A. Salcido, Neftali F. Reyes, Andrea Y. Macias, Serina A. Batson, Paulina Vara, Raquel J. Ibáñez Alcalá, Safa B. Hossain, Graham L. Waller, Laura E. O'Dell, Travis M. Moschak, Ki A. Goosens, Alexander Friedman
Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Publications
Optimal decision-making requires consideration of internal and external contexts. Biased decision-making is a transdiagnostic symptom of neuropsychiatric disorders. We created a computational model demonstrating how the striosome compartment of the striatum constructs a context-dependent mathematical space for decision-making computations, and how the matrix compartment uses this space to define action value. The model explains multiple experimental results and unifies other theories like reward prediction error, roles of the direct versus indirect pathways, and roles of the striosome versus matrix, under one framework. We also found, through new analyses, that striosome and matrix neurons increase their synchrony during difficult tasks, caused …
Therapy-Based Strategies To Support Tummy Time In Infants Post-Hospital Discharge: A Scoping Review Protocol, Ketaki Inamdar, Sonia Khurana
Therapy-Based Strategies To Support Tummy Time In Infants Post-Hospital Discharge: A Scoping Review Protocol, Ketaki Inamdar, Sonia Khurana
Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty Publications
Tummy time is essential for infant development, yet many caregivers face significant challenges with adherence due to behavioral and contextual barriers. While numerous tummy time interventions exist, a limited understanding of their behavioral components hinders effective replication and implementation. This scoping review aims to identify multidisciplinary interventions used to promote tummy time in infants aged 0–12 months, evaluate their impact on adherence, developmental and health outcomes, and examine the behavior change techniques employed using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). Following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology, a comprehensive search will be conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science Core Collection, …
The Effect Of Need For Closure, Gender Essentialism, And Contact On Transphobia, Jacob E. Vargas
The Effect Of Need For Closure, Gender Essentialism, And Contact On Transphobia, Jacob E. Vargas
College of Education and Human Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Using a motivated social cognition framework, this study explores whether there is an indirect effect of need for closure on transphobia via gender essentialism and whether this relationship is moderated by transgender contact. Data were collected from an undergraduate sample of 405 cisgender participants (nmen = 159, nwomen = 246). A simple mediation and a moderated mediation were used to examine the hypothesized relationships, controlling for participant gender. Results reinforced the positive correlation between gender essentialism and transphobia and the negative correlation between transgender contact and transphobia. However, the mediation and moderation hypotheses were not supported. Need …
Examining Trauma And Substance Use Co-Morbidity In African Americans, Breanne Maray Sande Russell
Examining Trauma And Substance Use Co-Morbidity In African Americans, Breanne Maray Sande Russell
Dissertations and Doctoral Documents, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2023–
Childhood maltreatment (CM) is a profound public health crisis that significantly elevates the risk for substance use disorders (SUDs), including alcohol and opioid misuse. Adolescents exposed to CM are especially vulnerable, often turning to substances as maladaptive coping mechanisms during critical developmental periods. African American youth bear this disproportionate burden, yet research addressing their unique experiences remains strikingly limited. Furthermore, while the co-occurrence of trauma-related disorders and substance use is well documented, racial and ethnic minority groups continue to be underrepresented in this literature. Emotion regulation difficulties are increasingly recognized as a mechanism linking PTSD symptoms with substance use, yet …
Echo Chambers On The Left, Echo Chambers On The Right: How Socioideological Identity Emotion Shape Social Interaction Behavior On Social Media, Dean Carl Jackson
Echo Chambers On The Left, Echo Chambers On The Right: How Socioideological Identity Emotion Shape Social Interaction Behavior On Social Media, Dean Carl Jackson
Dissertations and Doctoral Documents, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2023–
This dissertation investigates how echo chambers emerge on social media by shifting the lens from aggregate patterns of information exposure to moment-by-moment, individual level interaction decisions between peers. I theorize that selective exposure online is not only about what content people consume or avoid, but also about selective social exposure—accepting, rejecting, or sharing with the sources of that content—guided by sociopolitical identity, ideological distance (ID), and discrete emotions. To test this, I employ two survey experiments using real tweets varying in ideological extremity and measure user’s likelihood to Block, Follow, Retweet, or reply, alongside self-reported emotional reactions and ID between …
Breaking The Chains: An Exploration Of The Effectiveness Of Cbt On Violent Vs. Nonviolent Offenders, Emma E. Sheppleman
Breaking The Chains: An Exploration Of The Effectiveness Of Cbt On Violent Vs. Nonviolent Offenders, Emma E. Sheppleman
Capstone Showcase
Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a well known and common form of theory used to treat a variety of disorders. Our criminal justice system has tried and failed at rehabilitating offenders through a punishment-based approach. CBT opens the door to a treatment approach that actually reduces recidivism. Specifically, this research aims to look at the varying effects that CBT has on violent vs nonviolent offenders. Different types of CBT yield differing effects for violent and nonviolent offenders, with some benefitting one more than the other. Looking at the integrity of the CBT program is an important component to keep in mind …
(In)Attention To Attractive Brand Alternatives, Danielle J. Brick, Veronica L. Thomas
(In)Attention To Attractive Brand Alternatives, Danielle J. Brick, Veronica L. Thomas
Marketing Faculty Publications
Understanding how consumers maintain their brand relationships has important implications for marketers as committed consumers contribute significant value to firms. In the present research, we propose and test one such way consumers protect their brand relationships, namely through attentional avoidance of attractive alternative partners. Across multiple studies, we find support for our theory that committed consumers avoid attending to alternative brand partners by recalling less about and spending less time focused on attractive alternatives. We further find that this inattention occurs because consumers view the competing brand as a threat to the consumer’s current relationship. In addition, we investigate a …
Harming To Healing: Exploring Harm Reduction In Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Treatment, Athena Lewin
Harming To Healing: Exploring Harm Reduction In Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Treatment, Athena Lewin
Scripps Senior Theses
Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) is a maladaptive behavior that impacts individuals from all backgrounds, yet existing interventions often neglect harm reduction tactics that may enhance treatment outcomes. This study presents a quasi-experimental design to assess the effectiveness of harm reduction education when combined with a dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) based and motivational interviewing (MI) based counseling for young women (ages 18-26) who meet the criteria for Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Disorder (NSSID). Participants will be randomly assigned to either a control group receiving only DBT/MI based therapy or an experimental group receiving both the DBT/MI based therapy and harm reduction education, which will …
Investigating The Effect Of Ai Use Disclosure And Identity On Faculty Evaluation, Nchimunya Mwiinga
Investigating The Effect Of Ai Use Disclosure And Identity On Faculty Evaluation, Nchimunya Mwiinga
Honors Program Theses
This study examines how professors' disclosure of artificial intelligence (AI) use affects student evaluations and whether these effects vary by professor ethnicity and gender. Participants reviewed identical course materials attributed to professors varying in gender and ethnicity (Asian, Black, Hispanic), with half explicitly disclosing AI use in material preparation. Results revealed that professors who disclosed AI use received significantly lower ratings across all evaluation dimensions. Furthermore, ethnicity interacted significantly with disclosure—Asian professors experienced the most substantial negative impact, Hispanic professors showed moderate negative effects, and Black professors demonstrated minimal differences between disclosure conditions. No significant gender effects were observed. These …
Cultural Factors Associated With Parenting Practices And Wellbeing Among Pakistani Immigrants, Yumna Khan
Cultural Factors Associated With Parenting Practices And Wellbeing Among Pakistani Immigrants, Yumna Khan
Honors Program Theses
Immigrant parents experience many challenges when shifting to a new culture, such as rearing children in a culture different from the one in which they were reared. Adjusting to a new culture is associated with aspects of parental wellbeing and the parenting practices that they adopt (Murthy, 2024). This has been studied widely among immigrant parents, but not among Pakistani immigrants. The present descriptive study aimed to address the following questions among a sample of Pakistani immigrant participants (N = 61): 1) What parenting practices and values are embraced by Pakistani immigrant parents and to what extent are these values …
The Role Of Adverse Childhood Experiences On Aggression And Substance Use In Young Adulthood, Sadie Goralski
The Role Of Adverse Childhood Experiences On Aggression And Substance Use In Young Adulthood, Sadie Goralski
Murray State Theses and Dissertations
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are widespread within the United States. More than half of the population has experienced at least one adverse event during their youth. Such experiences range from parental divorce to sexual assault. Past research has shown that adverse experiences during the formative years play a major role in the development of multiple physical and mental health issues. The current study aimed to explore the interplay among ACEs and two of these covariates: aggression and substance use. Moreover, the proposed study further investigated the development of substance use in emotionally dysregulated individuals with past adverse experiences. In doing …
A Discussion Of Positioning Theory: An Interview With Michael Bamberg And Luk Van Langenhove, Pasi Hirvonen, Michael Bamberg, Luk Van Langenhove, Bo Allesøe Christensen
A Discussion Of Positioning Theory: An Interview With Michael Bamberg And Luk Van Langenhove, Pasi Hirvonen, Michael Bamberg, Luk Van Langenhove, Bo Allesøe Christensen
Psychology
Since 2015 a Positioning Theory conference has been held biannually in either Europe or the US. These conferences have become a significant event for scholars and practitioners interested in the development and application of PT providing thereby a platform for discussing the latest research, sharing insights, and fostering collaborations. In the fourth edition of the conference, organised in Finland in July 2024, Professor Van Langenhove and Professor Bamberg both provided keynotes and Pasi Hirvonen and Bo Allesøe Christensen seized the opportunity of engaging both in an interview discussing their insights, contributions and personal thoughts about PT and its history. © …
The Ascendance Of Influencers: Saints Of Capitalism In The Digital Age, Riley R. Hourihan
The Ascendance Of Influencers: Saints Of Capitalism In The Digital Age, Riley R. Hourihan
Master of Liberal Studies Theses
This thesis examines the rise of social media influencers as modern-day saints within the cultural and economic framework of late capitalism. Drawing on interdisciplinary scholarship from religious studies, media theory, and cultural criticism, it argues that influencer culture does not replace religion but retools its structures—ritual, authority, devotion, and community—for the digital age. Through detailed case studies ranging from Hailey Bieber and Taylor Swift to Ballerina Farm and MrBeast, the paper explores how influencers shape identity, mediate ethics, and mobilize affect through algorithmic rituals and parasocial relationships. Influencers perform a form of digital sanctity that parallels traditional hagiography, guiding followers …
The Csi Effect: Media Influence On Juror Perceptions Of Forensic Evidence, Toni Besselaar
The Csi Effect: Media Influence On Juror Perceptions Of Forensic Evidence, Toni Besselaar
Scripps Senior Theses
Can the media you consume shape your expectations in the courtroom? This thesis explores how legal media consumption influences jurors' perceptions of forensic evidence, focusing on blood spatter analysis and its potential impact on verdicts. Drawing on the CSI Effect, the proposed study will examine whether fictional crime dramas and true crime documentaries differ in their effects on jurors’ expectations and skepticism about forensic evidence. Approximately 150 jury-eligible participants will be recruited for an experimental study exploring the effects of media exposure and prior legal media consumption. Participants will view a legal scenario involving inconclusive blood spatter evidence after exposure …
A Women's College Advantage? The Impacts On Leadership Stereotypes, Riya Hariharan
A Women's College Advantage? The Impacts On Leadership Stereotypes, Riya Hariharan
Scripps Senior Theses
Gender stereotyping is pervasive across many societal contexts. Stereotypes indicate that male leaders are agentic - assertive, results driven, and engaged in technical details. Female leaders on the other hand, are supposed to be more communal oriented - communicative, collaborative, and nurturing. These stereotypes further affect the perceptions of men and women as leaders. Women’s colleges however, have been proposed as institutions which enable women to grow their leadership capabilities. This study expands on this literature, looking at how women’s colleges compare to coeducational institutions in reducing self stereotype perceptions towards women’s leadership. Using a longitudinal within subjects design, female …
The Role Of Reason In Religion, Moses Morgan
The Role Of Reason In Religion, Moses Morgan
Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects
In this work, I will argue that there is a proper place for reason within religion. I am primarily arguing against the claim that religions are sets of beliefs without reason, citing various thinkers who have made this claim. I will explicate and critique various conceptions of religion pulled from Muslim philosophers al-Farabi and Averroes and Catholic philosopher and theologian St. Thomas Aquinas. I will then provide an alternative position, synthesizing elements of each view, stating that religion is the primary way everyone interacts with reality in each moment. After establishing this concept, I will then argue for the extent …
An In-Depth Review Of Euthanasia-Related Practices, Arguments For/Against Them, And Proposed Solutions For Their Most Glaring Legal/Ethical Problems, Macon Plecha
Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects
This paper’s goal is to cover the topic of euthanasia-related practices at great length. Terminology, history, and current programs around the world are discussed first, with the last point covering a wide geographical range: Colombia, Japan, Israel, and Africa, to name a few outside of the Western world standard. Arguments for and against euthanasia-related practices are explored. Within these arguments, several pressing legal and ethical issues arise, and the most severe of these are expanded on through the offering of potential solutions: how to handle stand-alone psychiatric cases, how to improve advanced directives and poor reporting rates, and how to …
Exploring Psychological Implications Of The Contemporary Lung Transplant, Isaac C. Machar
Exploring Psychological Implications Of The Contemporary Lung Transplant, Isaac C. Machar
Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects
Since its inception in 1963 at the University of Mississippi Medical Center, more than 50,000 lung transplant procedures have been performed. During its 50-year anniversary, 2023 saw just over 3,000 lung transplants performed in the United Sates. However, as this procedure continues to increase in execution each year, it is critical that the psychological implications of this procedure are explored. In this paper, I hope to develop an understanding of the psychological background of contemporary lung transplantation. Reviewing the lung and double lung transplant, the goal is to apply biopsychology principles to the field. Background information about transplant science is …
Body Imagery: How Exercise Motivation Type Affects Self And Social Perceptions, Alexander Granat
Body Imagery: How Exercise Motivation Type Affects Self And Social Perceptions, Alexander Granat
Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects
The current research revolves around individuals’ motivations for engaging in regular exercise and how this motivation may be associated with self-esteem, social confidence, social anxiety, and social media behavior. Recent literature on exercise and its relation to anxiety and social media usage has almost exclusively addressed a one-way direction: how social media, especially problematic social media use, and the anxiety derived thereof influence individuals to increase exercise frequency. The present research seeks to understand the potential relationship within the opposite direction, looking to discover confluence between one’s drive to exercise (i.e., for functional reasons or social desirability and aesthetics), derived …
How Do Religious Beliefs, Practices, And Experiences Impact Mental Health?, Samantha Coyne, Margo Gregor
How Do Religious Beliefs, Practices, And Experiences Impact Mental Health?, Samantha Coyne, Margo Gregor
Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects
The following literature review discusses the influence religious practices, beliefs, and experiences impact mental health. The discussion will revolve around three main religions: Catholocism, Judaism, and other denominations of Christianity. Negative and positive influences of religion on mental health were found and discussed.
Examining The Gender Disparity In College Enrollment: Implications For Female Representation In Managerial Positions, Natalia Y. Felicelli
Examining The Gender Disparity In College Enrollment: Implications For Female Representation In Managerial Positions, Natalia Y. Felicelli
Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects
The current gender disparity in college enrollment, with women constituting nearly 60% of enrollees and men approximately 40%, marks the highest recorded differential in educational participation. While society has made progress in challenging traditional gender roles, the glass ceiling may persist. This study explores the relationship between gender imbalance in college enrollment and prospects for increased female representation in managerial positions. By investigating this phenomenon, the study aims to identify factors contributing to women’s underrepresentation in leadership. Understanding this relationship could provide insights for policymakers, educators, and organizations. Increased female leadership presence may also inspire more women to pursue such …
Talking About Cancer And Tobacco (Tact) Study With Lgbtq Patients And Their Care Providers, William Bowling
Talking About Cancer And Tobacco (Tact) Study With Lgbtq Patients And Their Care Providers, William Bowling
Theses and Dissertations--Psychology
Due to multilevel factors, including a high prevalence of tobacco use, the burden of some cancers is disproportionately higher in the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) community than the general population. Evidence-based tobacco treatment delivery with high rates of tobacco cessation would be a powerful tool for secondary cancer prevention in the LGBTQ community, yet few studies have explored this issue. The current study aimed to 1) uncover both positive and negative aspects related to the lived experience and treatment of LGBTQ cancer survivors who use tobacco, 2) elucidate barriers and facilitators of tobacco treatment and cessation, and …
The Impact Of Victim Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (Ptsd) On Legal Decision-Making In A Rape Trial, Mary M. Levi
The Impact Of Victim Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (Ptsd) On Legal Decision-Making In A Rape Trial, Mary M. Levi
Theses and Dissertations--Psychology
Prior psychology and law research has investigated juror perceptions of victims and defendants with mental health issues. However, one factor that has yet to be fully examined empirically is how the presentation of a victim who developed a mental health disorder, such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), following a rape impacts legal decision-making. Understanding this impact is crucial considering over 36 million individuals in the United States report being a victim of rape in their lifetime, many of which report developing psychological disorders following the crime. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate how presenting mock jurors with victim testimony …
Unveiling Secrecy: A Qualitative Analysis Of The Breonna Taylor Grand Jury Proceedings, Taylor Bettis
Unveiling Secrecy: A Qualitative Analysis Of The Breonna Taylor Grand Jury Proceedings, Taylor Bettis
Theses and Dissertations--Psychology
Grand juries have faced heightened scrutiny in recent decades following high-profile cases involving police use of lethal force against Black civilians. In 2020, Police officers killed Breonna Taylor while executing a search warrant at her home. Despite widespread public outcry, it remains unclear how prosecutors failed to indict the officers involved on charges directly related to her death. Guided by critical race theory, procedural justice, and theories of authority, the current project used reflexive thematic analysis to examine the Breonna Taylor grand jury proceedings. We identified two main themes: structural influences and narrative influences. Structural influences examine how prosecutorial authority, …
A Dual Process Model Perspective On Associations Between Parent And Offspring Problem Drinking, Karallyn E. Fitisone
A Dual Process Model Perspective On Associations Between Parent And Offspring Problem Drinking, Karallyn E. Fitisone
Theses and Dissertations--Psychology
Parental problem drinking (PPD) is a well-established risk factor for adolescent alcohol use, yet the complex mechanisms involved remain underexplored. The present study addresses this critical gap by examining how PPD, parent emotion socialization, and emerging adult problem drinking are associated within the framework of the Dual Process Model of Substance Use. Participants were 2,036 undergraduates who completed an online survey assessing PPD, retrospective reports of parental reactions to their negative emotions in childhood, and students’ current levels of problem drinking, negative urgency, negative emotional reactivity, and emotion-regulation difficulties. Structural equation modeling was used to clarify the roles of emotion-related …
Self-As-Context Moderation Of Relationship Fusion: A Comparison Of Intimate And Familial Relationship Impact On Weight Concern, Carly Carrasco-Wyant
Self-As-Context Moderation Of Relationship Fusion: A Comparison Of Intimate And Familial Relationship Impact On Weight Concern, Carly Carrasco-Wyant
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
This study explored how fusion in important relationships relates to weight concern and whether these effects are moderated by self-as-context perspectives and racial and ethnic background. Grounded in acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and relational frame theory (RFT), eight models were constructed to evaluate influence of important others when absent or present and when moderated by self-as-context, racial and ethnic background and in multiple moderation models analyses using data from 1,323 participants. Results indicated that fusion with family was significantly associated with greater weight concern, when family was absent (ß = 0.10, p = .03) and present (ß = 0.12, …
Caregiver Training To Enhance Care Interactions With Persons With Neurocognitive Disorders: An Additive Treatement Study, Samantha J. Killian
Caregiver Training To Enhance Care Interactions With Persons With Neurocognitive Disorders: An Additive Treatement Study, Samantha J. Killian
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Persons with neurocognitive disorders (NCD) rely on family and friends to help them with everyday tasks, yet informal caregivers might not be aware of the need to scaffold tasks or know how to maximize the care recipients’ engagement. The current study recruited three men who were full-time family caregivers for women (spouses, their mother). The study assessed the care recipients’ need for scaffolding of instrumental tasks and the caregivers’ perception thereof and then trained the caregivers in task analysis and prompting. An additive treatment design examined the differential effects of a two-part training intervention on caregivers’ perceptions of the need …
Latent Classes Of Comorbid Clinical Presentations For Patients With Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures, Joseph W. Tu
Latent Classes Of Comorbid Clinical Presentations For Patients With Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures, Joseph W. Tu
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) are episodes of motor, sensory, and/or cognitive seizures without detectable epileptic activity. The integrative cognitive model conceptualizes PNES as an activation of learned mental representations of a seizure often combined with concurrent physiological arousal. PNES are not treatable by antiepileptic medications and are often accompanied by psychiatric and medical comorbidities, complicating treatment following diagnosis. Further, individuals with PNES often incur greater medical costs through hospital admissions and emergency department visits. Multidisciplinary care including behavioral health interventions like cognitive behavior therapy have demonstrated initial success at reducing seizure frequency but impacts on healthcare utilization are unknown. Patients …
Evaluating Educational Bias In Executive Function Assessments: A Comparison Of Reacstick And The Nih Toolbox In Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis, Maura Lane
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
This study investigated the influence of educational attainment on executive function performance across two cognitive assessment tools—ReacStick (RS) and the National Institute of Health Cognition Toolbox Cognition Battery (NIH Toolbox-CB)— in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). Participants with confirmed MS diagnoses completed both cognitive assessment tools, and the correlation between years of education and task performance was analyzed to evaluate the presence of educational bias. Results showed that NIH Toolbox-CB scores were significantly associated with education level, whereas RS parameters did not demonstrate this relationship. These findings suggest that RS performance may be less influenced by educational background and could …
Increasing Nature Connection And Decreasing Climate Change Distress In An Indigenous Population: The Development Of A Traditional Ecological Knowledge Intervention Framework, Olathe Antonio
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Research suggests that nature connection is positively correlated with pro-environmental behaviors, concern for the climate, general wellbeing, and subjective levels of climate change distress. Few research studies have examined how to increase nature connectedness without increasing psychological distress. Such research is especially important for those who are disproportionately affected by climate change such as Indigenous Peoples. To address this discrepancy, we developed a culturally-grounded psychological intervention framework based in traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) for Indigenous populations and offered an adapted example for a Navajo population. The intervention was created in collaboration with TEK experts to conceptualize key psychologically-relevant TEK principles, …