Psychology Commons^™

Predictors Of Stress In Minority Students: The Relative Importance Of Optimism Vs Resilience, Rashelle Sanchez, Ho Phi Huynh

Student Research Symposium 2023 (Archived)

Many college students experience stress; optimism and resilience may help students cope with it. Optimism is a person’s positive outlook on their circumstances and their future, whereas resilience is a persons ability to adapt and
overcome challenges throughout their life. In this study, we compared the two to see which one would be a better predictor of stress. First year students (N =355) at a public regional university completed an online study that measure their perceive stress, optimism, and resilience. Bivariate correlations showed that resilience and optimism were both negatively correlated with all four sub-scales of students stress. Linear regression …

Intellectual Limitations And Doctor’S Orders: Examining The Relationship Between Intellectual Humility And Adherence To Medical Advice, Briella A. Nava, Caitlin Weldon, Ho Phi Huynh

Student Research Symposium 2023 (Archived)

Nonadherence to medical advice poses a threat to patients, providers, and the health care system. Intellectual humility reflects one’s ability to recognize their intellectual limitations through the components of independence of intellect
and ego, openness to revising one’s viewpoint, respect for other’s viewpoints, and lack of intellectual overconfidence. Possessing more intellectual humility may help improve the way people interact with medical information, thereby increasing their understanding of medical conditions and necessary treatment. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between intellectual humility and adherence by having participants (N = 196) complete the Comprehensive Intellectual Humility Scale and the General Medication Adherence Scale. …

Exploring The Association Between Humility And Self-Compassion, Analise Espinoza

Student Research Symposium 2023 (Archived)

Humility is virtue that allows one to pursue life with limited pride or arrogance. Humble people tend to view themselves accurately, and tend to be aware and appreciate their strengths and weaknesses. We wondered whether humble people would be more self-compassionate. Self-compassionate people are more likely to treat themselves with kindness, and mindfulness, especially when faced with adverse events. As such, it would make sense that humble people, who have the ability to assess their own faults and gifts, can extend themselves grace and kindness in the face of adversity. To test this association, we asked participants to complete an …

The Relationship Between Test-Anxiety, Test Performance, Metacognitive Beliefs And Self-Esteem In College Students, Amie Shelley

Campus Research Month

Test anxiety and low self-esteem could affect the validity of certain academic examinations especially if it limits students from performing successfully. There is a need to ensure that students, whose future is often tied to academic success, are adequately educated and assisted in understanding the many layers of internal and external influence that can be in effect. This research will be based on the following question: How are metacognitive beliefs and self-esteem related to test anxiety and academic performance? Essentially, the research is focused on better understanding the tenuous relationship observed from previous research between test-anxiety and academic performance by …

The Relationship Between Test-Anxiety, Test Performance, Metacognitive Beliefs And Self-Esteem In College Students, Amie Shelley

Campus Research Month

Test anxiety and low self-esteem could affect the validity of certain academic examinations especially if it limits students from performing successfully. There is a need to ensure that students, whose future is often tied to academic success, are adequately educated and assisted in understanding the many layers of internal and external influence that can be in effect. This research will be based on the following question: How are metacognitive beliefs and self-esteem related to test anxiety and academic performance? Essentially, the research is focused on better understanding the tenuous relationship observed from previous research between test-anxiety and academic performance by …

Do Allyship And Motivation Influence Women’S Cognitive Functioning And Self-Regulation After Witnessing Sexism?, Christina Garasky

Dissertations

Prior research shows the effects of sexism can accumulate over time, resulting in severe negative, cognitive, affective, motivational, and physiological consequences for women; however, most research focuses on the consequences of being a direct target of sexism, and the cognitive and motivational consequences of being a witness of sexism have not yet been fully explored. Additionally, while it is thought that allyship can help mitigate the consequences of sexism, minimal research has tested this relationship. It was proposed that shifts in reactive approach motivation (RAM); aimed to protect against anxiety and negative affect, may direct attention away from goal-oriented behaviors, …

A Comparison Of Nonverbal And Paraverbal Behaviors In Simulated And Virtual Patient Encounters, Sarah Powers, Mark W. Scerbo, Matthew Pacailler, Macy Kisiel, Baillie Hirst, Ginger S. Watson, Lauren Hamel, Fred Kron

Modeling, Simulation and Visualization Student Capstone Conference

The present study assessed whether trainees display similar nonverbal and paraverbal behaviors when interacting with a simulated (SP) and virtual patient (VP). Sixty second slices of time following four interactions were rated for the presence and frequency of three nonverbal and paraverbal behaviors. Results revealed that students exhibited fewer behaviors in the VP interaction, possibly due to differences social inhibition or fidelity between the two formats.

Relations Between Peer Influence, Perceived Cost Versus Benefits, And Sexual Offending Among Adolescents Aware Of Sex Offender Registration Risk, Cynthia J. Najdowski, Hayley M. D. Cleary, Paige M. Oja

Psychology Faculty Scholarship

A policy's general deterrent effect requires would-be offenders to be aware of the policy, yet many adolescents do not know they could be registered as sex offenders, and even adolescents who do know may still commit registerable sexual offenses. We tested whether peer influences shape the perceived costs/benefits of certain sexual offenses and, subsequently, registration policy's general deterrent potential in a sample of policy-aware adolescents. The more adolescents believed their peers approve of sexting of nude images, the more likely they were to have sexted. For forcible touching, having more positive peer expectations about sex and perceiving forcible touching as …

Art Therapy And Internal Family Systems For Adolescents At A Therapeutic School: A Qualitative, Arts-Based Study, Emma Pici-D'Ottavio

Expressive Therapies Capstone Theses

Adolescence is an important developmental period marked by a search for identity and an increase in impulsive behaviors and intense emotions. The current study explored how a combined art therapy and Internal Family Systems (IFS) model is beneficial and appropriate for adolescents in a school setting. A brief art therapy group was facilitated with students at a therapeutic high school. The intervention integrated IFS approaches, including externalization and guided visualizations, with the goal of understanding parts and increasing self-compassion. Three main themes emerged based on observations of the sessions: 1) the concept of parts encouraged self-understanding and reduced shame; 2) …

Volume 18, Issue 1, Table Of Contents

Journal of Youth Development

No abstract provided.

Editor's Note: A Season Of Change For The Journal Of Youth Development: Implications For Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, Assets, And Supports In The Jyd Publication Process, Barry A. Garst

Journal of Youth Development

No abstract provided.

Youth Science Learning As/For Community Participation: Examples From Youth Participatory Action Research, Steven M. Worker, Sally Neas, Dorina Espinoza, Car Mun Kok, Martin Smith

Journal of Youth Development

Youth development programs often provide young people with science learning experiences. We argue for reframing youth science learning from a focus on individual scientific literacy to an emphasis on collective scientific literacy—community science—to support young people in using science to address issues in their lives and communities. We provide examples from youth participatory action research (YPAR), one community science pedagogical approach. The YPAR model supports youth in deciding upon an environmental, economic, or social issue; designing and implementing research; and using their research findings to improve their community. We implemented YPAR with eight cohorts of youth over three years at …

Journey To Praxis: Supporting Youth Activism, Rachael Lee Ficke Clemons

Journal of Youth Development

Drawing on the work of critical scholars, this study is guided by the idea that systems and structures are malleable, and young people can challenge the conditions and policies which inform their lives. Utilizing qualitative methods, I investigated how nine adult youth workers from three different non-profit organizations supported youth of color as they engaged in social justice activism. I found that participants shared fundamental strengths-based beliefs about youth and their communities; however, their processes of engagement in social justice activism were different at each organization. This paper outlines processes participants engaged to support youth of color on their journeys …

The Lasting Benefits Of Multiyear Camp Programming For Youth From Low-Income Backgrounds, Victoria Povilaitis, Robert Warner, Katie Mcgregor Wheatley

Journal of Youth Development

Summer camps are a common youth development setting in North America; however, youth from lowincome backgrounds often cannot attend because of financial barriers. Subsequently, although a robust camp literature exists, little is known about the lasting benefits for youth from low-income backgrounds. Even less is known about how these outcomes may differ based on the number of years youth attend a multi-year camp. The purpose of this study was to examine the long-term outcomes camp alumni reported as attributable to camp and that remain important in their life today. Eighteen outcomes examined via a cross-sectional retrospective survey completed by 449 …

Job Stress Moderates The Effects Of A Mindfulness Intervention On Early Childhood Teachers' Emotion Dysregulation, Emily J. Starr

College of Education and Human Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Addressing the current crisis of early childhood (EC) teacher turnover is essential for supporting the development of young children. Teacher attrition remains a concern for policymakers globally, and in the United States, early childhood teachers frequently cite job stress and lack of support as reasons for leaving the field. For over 40 years, researchers who study childcare have been concerned about the consequences of work-related stressors. Even if these stressors do not result in turnover, EC teachers’ psychological well-being may be impacted, leading to increased emotion regulation difficulties and more frequent negative teacher-child interactions. Young children’s emotional development is significantly …

Elementary School Parent Perceptions Of “Critical Race Theory” In The Curriculum, Helen Wallace

Honors Theses

Critical Race Theory (CRT) implementations within educational settings is a controversial and polarizing concept in the American political climate. Many Americans are strongly opposed to the idea of CRT within the classroom due to a misguided belief that children have no idea what race or racism is until it is taught to them explicitly. On the other hand, proponents of CRT argue that teaching children to ignore race further perpetuates racial discrimination and prevents children from adequately understanding racial injustice. There is currently a lack of research investigating perceptions of CRT implementations in education among parents. This research aimed to …

Psychological Influences On Problem-Solving Following Lab-Induced Learned Helplessness, Aqdas Khan

Honors Theses

The purpose of the present study was to examine psychological influences on problem-solving following lab-induced learned helplessness. There are several related psychological constructs in the literature that appear relevant. These have been typically examined in isolation in various sub-fields within psychology. Determining which is most influential, and their unique and overlapping contributions, could provide important conceptual clarity and point to ways to streamline and guide targets of psychological intervention. The constructs of interest were: need for cognition, psychological flexibility, grit, learned helplessness (LH) attributional style, cognitive fusion, and the Big 5 personality trait of neuroticism. A within-subjects correlational research group …

Examining Youth Bicycle Programming Through The Empowerment- Based Youth Development Model, Thomas Clanton, Charles Chancellor, Harrison Pinckney, Venera Balidemaj

Journal of Youth Development

This study evaluates Momentum Bicycle Clubs (MBC) through the empowerment-based positive youth development framework (EMPYD). Data were collected through eight cross-sectional focus groups of MBC youth participants (ages 10-17). Sessions included three topics: the MBC program, the mentors, and the bicycle, all of which elucidated elements of an EMPYD program for analysis. The data were analyzed utilizing an interpretative phenomenological approach. The results of the focus groups revealed how MBC empowers its youth participants. MBC displayed characteristics of the EMPYD model by providing youth with opportunities to develop mastery and moral identity in addition to the 5Cs of positive youth …

Grief And Trauma-Informed Empowerment Summer Community Arts Curriculum: Qualitative Perceptions Of A Pilot Implementation, Chavez Phelps, Samantha Francois, Kyle Hucke

Journal of Youth Development

This article aims to illuminate the perceptions of a pilot grief- and trauma-informed empowerment arts summer program for adolescents who lived in an at-risk Southern, urban neighborhood identified by the city in question as having a high percentage of street violence. The study it is based on was grounded in qualitative techniques, which consisted of focus groups and interviews. All focus groups and interviews were analyzed for themes to determine common experiences among adolescent participants and instructors responsible for implementing the curriculum. Responses from 18 African American adolescents and four instructors were included in the data analysis. Themes from focus …

Investigating Correlations Among A Growth-Mindset Intervention, Students’ Math Anxiety, And Students’ Math Self-Efficacy, Anna Grace Chamberlain

Honors Projects

This paper details the methodology, data, and conclusions of a research study investigating the correlations among a growth-mindset intervention, math anxiety, and math self-efficacy. The study found that teaching students about mindset through an intervention approach did not make a significant difference in students’ math anxiety or math self-efficacy. Teacher-centered factors are discussed as having a greater impact on students’ math anxiety and math self-efficacy.

Food Insecurity Among College Students: Implication For Wellbeing And Academic Success, Ashley Lenarz, Amelie Pflamminger, Erin Farina, Catherine Mcbride

Research & Creative Achievement Day

Introduction: Food insecurity is associated with many negative effects such as increased stress and reduced well-being. Food insecurity among college students is a growing area of research as students often leave school due to financial concerns, mental health struggles, and illness. This study was conducted to assess student food insecurity in the hopes of learning how to better assist students' wellbeing and success.

Methods: Using both standardized assessments and researcher-developed questions, an online survey was created to examine food insecurity, sleep, mental and physical health, ability to focus on academics, and awareness and usage of food resources. Participants were recruited …

Self-As-Doer Identity And Health Behaviors: How Approach And Avoidant Orientation Correlate With Healthy Eating, Cooper Scheldroup, Kaitlyn Rusch, Katelyn Kelley, Abree Dieterman

Research & Creative Achievement Day

Introduction: The self-as-doer identity, an identity which describes one in correspondence with doing a behavior, has shown to improve healthy eating behaviors but less is known about how the orientation toward the doer identity (i.e., approach vs avoidant) might affect healthy eating behaviors. Approach motivation puts energy towards achieving a positive stimulus whereas avoidant motivation uses energy to avoid an aversive stimulus. Research indicates that approach goals are simpler to implement and may be better for initial behavioral enactment, while avoidance goals may be better for behavior maintenance.

Although research suggests that approach goals may be successful in behavioral change …

Effects Of Labetolol On Sign Tracking, Cassidy Bos, Brandon Yates, Liam Kubitschek, John Holden

Research & Creative Achievement Day

Sign tracking is defined as when an organism interacts with a conditioned stimulus that signals something desired. This is comparable to when a drug addict is engaging in drug seeking behaviors after interacting with a stimulus which could be associated with drug use. Reducing this type of behavior in addicts who are trying to overcome drug dependence may help prevent relapse. One drug which could be useful is Labetalol, which is an alpha and beta-blocker that is used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). 17 male Sprague Dawley rats were conditioned over the course of 5 days to associate the …

Changes In Depression, Stress, And Anxiety For Student Athletes: Using Guided Imagery, Synetha K. Sultze-Lor

Research & Creative Achievement Day

Introduction: Mental health concerns among college students are increasing in severity. Researchers have shown that elite level athletes may be at a higher risk for suicide, with possible risks including injury, pressure, and substance abuse. Due to the high-stress levels of student athletes, this study was created to explore whether guided imagery (GI) can help student athletes reduce symptoms of stress, depression, and anxiety.GI has been shown to decrease depression and anxiety among a variety of populations, but less work has explored the role that GI has in student athletes. Therefore, it was hypothesized that GI will reduce stress, and …

The Promise Of Media Literacy Education When “Everything Is At Stake” And “Everything Is Expected”, Monica Bulger, Gina Baleria, Renee Hobbs, Kimberly R. Moffitt

Journal of Media Literacy Education

In the midst of a tumultuous time in American and global history, the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication Annual Conference 2021 hosted a panel to explore the promise and limits of media literacy. Panelists discussed the vital role of media literacy education in responding to challenges to democracy, social justice, and public health. With “everything at stake,” the panelists moved through responses to current crises while grounding in a historical context and offering recommendations for the future. Curated transcripts share a pivotal moment when much was expected of media literacy and media literacy experts explored promise and …

The Effects Of School-Based Art Therapy On Depressed Adolescents, Jasmine Nicolas

Nursing | Student Research Posters

Depression in adolescents is associated with deficient behavioral and health outcomes (Fletcher, 2019). Art therapy has been shown to be effective in treating mental health condition such as depression. A student’s academic success heavily depends on treating their depression. Community health nurses can play a vital role in advocating for adequate mental health support to improve a student’s overall well-being and academic success. The literature review contains six articles on the prevalence and impact of depression among adolescents, art therapy as an intervention for improving psychological outcomes and resilience among adolescents, and experiences of adolescent clients in art therapy within …

Pupil Dilation Is Not Associated With Memory For Prior Remembering, Sana Aftab

Departmental Honors & Graduate Capstone Projects

This experiment was conducted to assess the relationship between pupil dilation and memory for prior remembering. Prior remembering is the judgment of whether a memory was previously remembered. Previous studies have suggested that pupil dilation can change in response to emotional stimuli as well as “old” versus “new” stimuli in recognition memory tests. The present experiment had participants view emotional and neutral context image-word pairs before they completed two separate cued-recall tests. Critically, some image-word pairs changed between tests. During the second cued-recall test, participants were also asked to make a judgment about whether they previously retrieved a given word …

Lgbtq Related Intervention In Indonesia: A Literature Review, Gary Collins Brata Winardy, Eva Septiana

Psychological Research on Urban Society

Sexuality remains a divisive but relevant topic in Indonesia, especially concerning sexual minorities, societal view on sexuality, and what role education should take regarding sexuality. The views on the education field in Indonesia are separated on two camps, with some scholars decrying LGBTQ as a problem, a phenomenon incompatible with the national, cultural, and religious values. Whereas at the same time, other schools of thought are pushing for the integration and tolerance toward sexual minority. This article aims to review the current practices on how Indonesia education system handle the topic of LGBTQ. This is done through reviewing research articles …

A Review Of Pre-Clinical Studies On Meth-Induced Gut Microbiome Alterations, Payton Brabant

Honors Theses

Substance use disorder (SUD) is a chronic, pervasive disease that affects approximately 40.3 million people aged 12 and over within the United States (SAMHSA, 2021). Recent investigations have emphasized preventive measures targeting the development of SUDs and the occurrence of relapse. However, to date, FDA-approved medications are only available for those with alcohol (AUD) and opioid use disorders (OUD) (Forouzan et al., 2021). Given that about 964,000 people have methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) within the United States, investigation of novel treatment approaches for psychostimulant abuse is warranted (Forouzan, Hoffman, and Kosten, 2020). Several negative effects can occur after using methamphetamine …

Children's And Caregivers' Review Of A Guided Imagery Therapy Mobile App Designed To Treat Children With Functional Abdominal Pain Disorders: Leveraging A Mixed Methods Approach With User-Centered Design, John M Hollier, Tiantá A Strickland, C Michael Fordis, Miranda Al Van Tilburg, Robert J Shulman, Debbe Thompson

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPDs) are highly prevalent and associated with substantial morbidity. Guided imagery therapy (GIT) is efficacious; however, barriers often impede patient access. Therefore, we developed a GIT mobile app as a novel delivery platform.

OBJECTIVE: Guided by user-centered design, this study captured the critiques of our GIT app from children with FAPDs and their caregivers.

METHODS: Children aged 7 to 12 years with Rome IV-defined FAPDs and their caregivers were enrolled. The participants completed a software evaluation, which assessed how well they executed specific app tasks: opening the app, logging in, initiating a session, setting the …