Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Commons^™

Servsafe® Exam: Student's Memory Retention Two Years Later, Laura E. Tincher

Theses and Dissertations--Nutrition and Food Systems

This study analyzed the memory retention of University of Kentucky Dietetic and Hospitality students as it relates to food safety and sanitation knowledge originally presented on the ServSafe® certification exam. Dietetic and hospitality students take the ServSafe® certification course during the sophomore year of their degree program, but they are responsible for the sanitation and food safety information throughout their entire program of undergraduate study. The final sample consisted of 25 participants, with 84% (n=21) in the Dietetics program and 16% (n=4) in the Hospitality, Management and Tourism program. The mean difference in total score, domain one, domain two, domain …

Scientific And Regulatory Policy Committee (Srpc) Review*: Interpretation And Use Of Cell Proliferation Data In Cancer Risk Assessment, Charles E. Wood, Renee R. Hukkanen, Radhakrisha Sura, David Jacobson-Kram, Thomas Nolte, Marielle Odin, Samuel M. Cohen

United States Food and Drug Administration: Publications

Increased cell proliferation is a central key event in the mode of action for many non-genotoxic carcinogens, and quantitative cell proliferation data play an important role in the cancer risk assessment of many pharmaceutical and environmental compounds. Currently, there is limited unified information on assay standards, reference values, targeted applications, study design issues, and quality control considerations for proliferation data. Here, we review issues in measuring cell proliferation indices, considerations for targeted studies, and applications within current risk assessment frameworks. As the regulatory environment moves toward more prospective evaluations based on quantitative pathway-based models, standardiza- tion of proliferation assays will …

Project Spraoi: A Strategy To Improve Nutrition And Increase Physical Activity In Primary School Children, Lisa Delaney

Masters

Introduction: Paediatric obesity has become a global epidemic with many countries developing strategies to help tackle its prevalence. School based physical activity (PA) and nutrition interventions have proven to play a promising role in tackling childhood obesity.

Background: Project Spraoi is an Irish primary school based intervention. The intervention was delivered to an intervention school to help enhance PA and nutritional behaviour amongst pupils. The intervention school was assigned an ‘Energizer’; a trained PA and nutrition change agent who worked with the school to achieve the objectives. For evaluation purposes a control school was recruited.

Methodology: Pupils from the intervention …

Cultural Competence And The Global Role Of Dietitians: A Haitian Medical Mission And Inter-Professional, Service-Learning Nutrition Course, Joanne Christaldi, Jessica R. Bodzio

Nutrition Faculty Publications

As the poorest Western Hemisphere country, Haiti has a long history of health disparity including elevated rates of hypertension, HIV/AIDS, and tuberculosis. In the summer of 2012, a four-week knowledge and skills based course, including a one-week medical mission, was developed to meet the need for medical care in Haiti, and to provide an interprofessional, service-learning environment to enhance students’ cultural competence. A nonprofit volunteer organization that connects healthcare people with a community in need assisted in developing the mission trip. Background on the culture of Haiti, medical education, and development of nutrition education materials were incorporated into the course. …

Clinician Attitudes Concerning Ethical Practice In Nutrition Care: A.S.P.E.N Member Perspective (Abstract), Nader Armanios, Denise Baird Schwartz, David August, Eric Frankel, Elizabeth Sussman, Cheryl Monturo, Alessandro Pontes-Arruda

Nursing Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Food Security Factors Affect Growth In Young Children In An Ecuadorian Indigenous Community, Whitney Jeannine Asher

Theses and Dissertations--Nutrition and Food Systems

Inadequate nutrition in preschool-aged children in an urban indigenous community outside of Santo Domingo, Ecuador has a negative impact on growth and development. Nutritional assessments have shown that children are underweight and that there are some effects of stunting and wasting in the population. This study was conducted to assess the extent of food security in this indigenous community in preparation for addressing two of the Millennium Development Goals for 2015: reducing the under-five child mortality rate by two-thirds and eradicating extreme poverty and hunger. An aim was to validate on-site assessment measures in this indigenous community regarding geographic circumstances, …

Impact Of The Healthy Hunger-Free Kids Act On Changes In The Phytochemical Content Of School Lunch Menus And Implications Of Science-Based Nutrition Education On Promoting Student Identification Of Foods High In Phytochemicals, Siddhi Lalit Shroff

Theses and Dissertations--Nutrition and Food Systems

Concern that youth do not have enough fruit and vegetable intake lead to two strategies implemented to influence intake in the school environment: the Healthy Hunger-Free Kids Act (HHFKA) and Fighting with Food: Battling Chemical Toxicity with Good Nutrition program (FF), which could influence phytochemical content and knowledge regarding phytochemicals, respectively. Individual food logs (n=468) were assessed upon completion of FF curriculum to determine whether students were able to correctly apply their nutrition knowledge regarding FF. Menus from one district were analyzed pre-HHFKA and post-HHFKA in elementary (n=156), middle (n=171), and high schools (n=171), for change in the frequency of …

Are New Sodium Targets In The National School Lunch Program Feasible And Are They Necessary?, Yaneve Shemesh

PCOM Biomedical Studies Student Scholarship

In many societies, high salt intake is a continuing issue in adults, and is of growing concern in children due to the prevalence of processed foods. In response, the USDA has set three targets for sodium in meals offered in the National School Lunch Program (NSLP), and the National School Breakfast Program (NSBP). This 8-year goal is meant to decrease overall sodium levels in both meal programs. However, many associated with school nutrition ask if there is significant evidence to show what effect sodium plays on children’s health, and thus determine if these targets are necessary or achievable. In addressing …

United States Food Insecurity And The Need For Improved Nutrition And Additional Nutrition Education In Local Food Assistance Programs, Carissa Hohider, Elizabeth Sain

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

No abstract provided.

Beverage Selections And Presence Affect Healthy Eating Index Scores In Lunches Of Elementary Age Children, Whether From Home Or School, Mary K. Barbee

All Master's Theses

Objectives: Examined differences in school lunch meals (served and consumed) brought from home (LBFH) versus National School Lunch Program (NSLP) using Healthy Eating Index 2010 scores for assessment of Meal Quality by component food groups. Influence of beverage selections on HEI-2010 scores were examined for each meal origin. Methods: Digital plate waste estimations were analyzed for 509 NSLP meals and 524 LBFH from 2nd-5th-grade students in four elementary schools during the 2011-2012 academic year. Nutrient Data Software for Research (NDSR) determined food groups and nutrients for calculations. Independent t-tests compared NSLP and LBFH meal components. Two one-way ANOVA tests compared …

Nutrinews Volume 1, January, 2015, Department Of Nutrition And Dietetics, University Of North Florida

NutriNews

This issue features Who are we? Introducing the Editorial Board, Students of the Month, Faculty Spotlight

Steps In Metagenomics: Let’S Avoid Garbage In And Garbage Out, Jacques Izard

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Is metagenomics a revolution or a new fad? Metagenomics is tightly associated with the availability of next-generation sequencing in all its implementations. The key feature of these new technologies, moving beyond the Sanger-based DNA sequencing approach, is the depth of nucleotide sequencing per sample.Knowing much more about a sample changes the traditional paradigms of “What is the most abundant?” or “What is the most significant?” to “What is present and potentially sig­nificant that might influence the situation and outcome?” Let’s take the case of identifying proper biomarkers of disease state in the context of chronic disease prevention. Prevention has been …

The Impact Of Nutrition Education On Fruit And Vegetable Consumption Of Elementary School Students, Constance Evans Herriott

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of nutrition education on the fruit and vegetable consumption of third grade students. This was in an effort to determine whether nutrition education played a role in the consumption of fruits and vegetables because current intakes are very low. This quasi-experimental study consisted of a relatively small convenience sample at a rural elementary school. For this study, thirty-minute nutrition education lessons were delivered for four consecutive weeks to the experimental group. In order to assess the impact of the lessons, fruit and vegetable plate waste were gauged prior to and …

Can Consumers Perceive A Difference In Quality When Comparing Whole-Grain Gluten-Free Baked Goods To Refined Gluten-Free Baked Goods At Varying Flour Levels, Jenna R. Carlson

Masters Theses

The prevalence of celiac disease and gluten intolerances has increased drastically in the last few decades, accounting for 1 in 100 individuals, or about 1% of Americans (Mager, Qiao, & Turner, 2012). The only treatment for celiac disease or any other gluten intolerance is the gluten-free diet. The gluten-free diet can lack many essential nutrients. The purpose of this research was to identify if consumers could perceive a difference in quality when comparing whole-grain gluten-free baked goods to refined gluten-free baked goods at varying flour levels of 20%, 50%, and 100%.

The researcher-developed Carlson Acceptability of Gluten-Free Baked Goods Survey …

An Exploration Of College Student Experiences Regarding Healthy Eating At A Midsized Midwestern University: A Qualitative Approach, E. Jordan Stayer

Masters Theses

This study was an exploration of the experiences college students have while eating in on-campus dining centers at a midsized, Midwest, public university. The present study examined college students' (n = 7) experiences of eating in the dining centers with a campus meal plan. Participants were asked a series of questions regarding their individual beliefs, their surrounding environment, and their physical behaviors while dining.

The study concluded that dining habits are very personal to each and every human being in the world. At the higher education level, because each student brings with them a completely different taste, desire, and …

Major Dietary Patterns And Risk Of Acute Myocardial Infarction In Young, Urban Pakistani Population, Romaina Iqbal, Saleem Perwaiz Iqbal, Mohsin Yakub, Asal Khan Tareen, Mohammad Perwaiz Iqbal

Community Health Sciences

Objective: To investigate the role of dietary intake in the development of premature acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in a hospital-based Pakistani population in Karachi.
Methods: In a case control study, 203 consecutive patients (146 males and 57 females) with their first AMI and age below 45 years were enrolled with informed consent. Similarly, 205 gender and age matched (within 3 years) healthy adults were also included as controls. Dietary intake of both cases and controls was assessed by using a simple 14-item food frequency questionnaire. Using factor analysis, 3 major dietary patterns- prudent dietary pattern, combination dietary pattern and western …

Social Contexts Of Infant Feeding And Infant Feeding Decisions, Ellen J. Schafer, Natalie A. Williams, Siri Digney, Marion E. Hare, Sato Ashida

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Background: Infant feeding takes place within a network of social relationships. However, the social context in which infant feeding advice is received remains underresearched.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the social contexts of infant feeding by examining individual and relationship characteristics of mothers and network members associated with advice to exclusively breastfeed, exclusively formula feed, or use a combination of breast milk and formula.

Methods: Information about 287 network members was reported by 80 low-income mothers during a one-time survey. Characteristics of relationships associated with mothers receiving advice (exclusively breastfeed/formula feed, combination feed) from each network …

Tensile Testing To Quantitate The Anisotropy And Strain Hardening Of Mozzarella Cheese, Ramona Bast, Prateek Sharma, Hannah K.B. Easton, Tzvetelin T. Dessev, Mita Lad, Peter A. Munro

Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

We explored anisotropy of mozzarella cheese: its presence is debated in the literature. Tensile testing proved a good method because the location and mode of failure were clear. Mozzarella cheese cut direct from the block showed no significant anisotropy, though confocal microscopy showed good structure alignment at a microscale. Deliberately elongated mozzarella cheese showed strong anisotropy with tensile strength in the elongation or fibre direction ∼3.5× that perpendicular to the fibres. Temperature of elongation had a marked impact on anisotropy with maximum anisotropy after elongation at 70 °C. We suggest the disagreement on anisotropy in the literature is related to …

Assessment Of The Effects Of Caffeine, Gallic Acid, And Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate On Cell Inhibition, Pim-3 And E. Cadherin Protein Levels In Two Lines Of Pancreatic Cancer Cells, Lena Haddad, Melissa Rowland-Goldsmith

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

According to the American Cancer Society, pancreatic cancer is currently the fourth leading cause of cancer related deaths in the United States. In addition to being an exceptionally aggressive form of cancer, it is particularly difficult to treat because it is usually diagnosed in late stages after the onset of metastasis (1). Consequently, the current treatments used, including chemotherapy and radiation, have been rendered ineffective (2). As a result, focus has been placed on using dietary alternatives which are known to possess chemopreventive properties (3). Previous studies have indicated that Gallic acid (an important phytochemical in pomegranates) and Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (the …

Nutrition Students’ Perception Of Osce & Its Effect On Perceived Readiness To Clinical Placement, Elaf Farahat

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Objective: Explore nutrition and dietetic students’ perception of the educational value of Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCE) and to examine the change in their perceived readiness to practice after completing three OSCEs.

Participants: Students from the Schools of Public Health (SPH) and Allied Health Professions (SAHP) enrolled in Medical Nutrition Therapy course, mean age 26.6±5.4 years, 95% females (n=37).

Methods: Mixed-method sequential exploratory design. Three focus group discussions (11 participants) were conducted as part of the qualitative phase to elicit themes related to perception of OSCE as an education tool. In the quantitative phase, a pre-post test design …

Effects Of Step-Wise Increases In Dietary Carbohydrate On Circulating Saturated Fatty Acids And Palmitoleic Acid In Adults With Metabolic Syndrome, Brittanie M. Volk, Laura J. Kunces, Daniel J. Frieidenreich, Brian R. Kupchak, Catherine Saenz, Juan C. Artistizabal, Maria Luz Fernandez, Richard S. Bruno, Carl M. Maresh, William J. Kraemer, Stephen D. Phinney, Jeff S. Volek

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

Recent meta-analyses have found no association between heart disease and dietary saturated fat; however, higher proportions of plasma saturated fatty acids (SFA) predict greater risk for developing type-2 diabetes and heart disease. These observations suggest a disconnect between dietary saturated fat and plasma SFA, but few controlled feeding studies have specifically examined how varying saturated fat intake across a broad range affects circulating SFA levels. Sixteen adults with metabolic syndrome (age 44.9±9.9 yr, BMI 37.9±6.3 kg/m2) were fed six 3-wk diets that progressively increased carbohydrate (from 47 to 346 g/day) with concomitant decreases in total and saturated fat. Despite a …

Plasticity In The Contribution Of T Cell Receptor Variable Region Residues To Binding Of Peptide-Hla-A2 Complexes, Sheena N. Smith, Daniel Sommermeyer, Kurt H. Piepenbrink, Sydney J. Blevins, Helga Bernhard, Wolfgang Uckert, Brian M. Baker, David M. Kranz

Food for Health: Publications

One hypothesis to account for MHC-restriction by T cell receptors (TCRs) holds that there are several evolutionary-conserved residues in TCR variable regions that contact MHC. While this ‘germline-codon’ hypothesis is supported by various lines of evidence, it has been difficult to test. The difficulty stems in part from the fact that TCRs exhibit low affinities for pep/MHC, thus limiting the range of binding energies that can be assigned to these key interactions using mutational analyses. To measure the magnitude of binding energies involved, here we used high affinity TCRs engineered by mutagenesis of CDR3. The TCRs included a high-affinity, MART-1/ …

Textile And Apparel Studies Student Wins National Scholarship, College Of Education And Human Development

Family and Consumer Sciences News

Textile and apparel studies student, Emily Olson, has won the Wil Conard Regent’s University Fashion Marketing scholarship for 2014.

Discordant Documentation Of Obesity Body Mass Index And Obesity Diagnosis In Electronic Medical Records, Jennifer T. Fink, George L. Morris Iii, Maharaj Singh, David A. Nelson, Renee E. Walker, Ron A. Cisler

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: This study examined concordance between presence of obesity body mass index (BMI), defined as BMI ≥ 30, in the patient’s electronic medical record (EMR) and a documented diagnosis of obesity.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of the EMR in a large health care system for a 1-year period (2012). A total of 397,313 patients met the study criteria of having at least one physician visit, being at least 18 years of age, and not being pregnant. Of those, 158,327 (40%) had a recorded BMI ≥ 30. We examined the EMR of these obese patients to determine whether a …

Preventing Childhood Obesity: Strategies To Help Preschoolers Develop Healthy Eating Habits, Brent A. Mcbride, Dipti A. Dev

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

DURING THE PAST THREE DECADES, childhood obesity rates increased dramatically in the United States. Despite new evidence suggesting a decrease in obesity rates in 2- to 5-year-olds during recent years (Ogden et al. 2014), the prevalence of obesity in this age group remains high and is a major concern for families and early childhood educators alike.

Researchers and policy makers now recognize the critical role of early childhood teachers in shaping children's eating habits through their mealtime interactions with children (Savage, Fisher, & Birch 2007). As a result, local, state, and federal entities have introduced obesity prevention programs in early …

Feasibility And Acceptability Of An Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Intervention: Results From The Healthy Homes, Healthy Families Pilot Study, Akilah Dulin Keita, Patricia M. Risica, Kelli L. Drenner, Ingrid Adams, Gemma Gorham, Kim M. Gans

Dietetics and Human Nutrition Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: This study examined the feasibility and acceptability of a home-based early childhood obesity prevention intervention designed to empower low-income racially/ethnically diverse parents to modify their children's health behaviors.

METHODS: We used a prospective design with pre-/posttest evaluation of 50 parent-child pairs (children aged 2 to 5 years) to examine potential changes in dietary, physical activity, and sedentary behaviors among children at baseline and four-month follow-up.

RESULTS: 39 (78%) parent-child pairs completed evaluation data at 4-month follow-up. Vegetable intake among children significantly increased at follow-up (0.54 cups at 4 months compared to 0.28 cups at baseline, P = 0.001) and …

Antecedents Of Regular Exercise Among Women Who Do And Do Not Achieve Weight Loss Over Six Months, Heather Vartanian

Dissertations (1934 -)

In the United States, 35.5% of adult women are classified as obese, defined as a body mass index (BMI) of > 30 kg/m2. The health risks associated with obesity can be mitigated through losing even 5-10% of initial body weight. Evidence shows that reductions in caloric intake alone without increases in caloric expenditure leads to a decline in resting metabolic rate, thereby impeding attainment or maintenance of weight loss. The purpose of this cross-sectional, mixed-methods study was to explore the antecedents of regular exercise among women with obesity who did and did not achieve weight loss over six months. The antecedents …

Student Receives Scholarship From Foundation, College Of Education And Human Development

Family and Consumer Sciences News

Eden Souser, a textile and apparel studies major, recently received a scholarship from the Monroe-Brown Foundation.

Biofeedback Relaxation Techniques In Addressing Cortex-Hypothalamus Control Loop For Motivation Of Obesity Avoidance, Liljana Bozinovska, Ahmed Majekodunmi

Professional Agricultural Workers Journal

This research explores how the achievement motivation pathway in the cortex influences hypothalamic activity, which could influence appetite control and obesity avoidance. The objective was to examine the sympathetic/parasympathetic feedback loop, and the influence of various biofeedback relaxation techniques on lowering heart rate (HR) and electrodermal activity (EDA). The methodology used was a standard biofeedback mechanism with visual representation of the measured physiological parameters. The feedforward part of the said feedback loop is controlled by hypothalamus while the feedback part is evaluated by the cortex. The participants were young adults and the sample size was ten. The results revealed that …

Interior Design Student Wins National Scholarship, College Of Education And Human Development

Family and Consumer Sciences News

Miranda Thomaston, an interior design student from the Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, has been named a winner of the 2014 Association of University Interior Designers (AUID) scholarship.