Operations Research, Systems Engineering and Industrial Engineering Commons^™

Ai Bioelectricity Management System, Fungai Jacqueline Kiwa, Tawanda Bundukutu, Thoko Matnell Mawoyo, Batsiranai Linda Chiduku, Martin Muduva, Belinda Ndlovu

African Conference on Information Systems and Technology

This document emphasizes on the generation of electricity from trees and its usability in all the sectors of Zimbabwe. The research focused on positively changing the lives of citizens through the provision of uninterrupted and reliable bioelectricity. The literature review was completely and accurately performed through finding out the current news associated with the use of trees in producing electricity and the use of AI to manage the flow. The Scrum’s development model was adopted and followed during the research project to address issues like transparency, early mitigation of risks and constant feedback. The Scrum-model is one of the best …

Prompt Engineering Principles For Generative Ai Use In Extension, Paul A. Hill, Lendel K. Narine, Aubree L. Miller

Journal of Extension

The prevalence of Generative AI (GenAI) and Large Language Models (LLMs) is increasing rapidly. For Extension professionals, the utilization of prompt engineering is key to leveraging GenAI and LLMs effectively. Prompt engineering involves crafting prompts that elicit desired LLM responses. This article discusses prompt engineering principles, providing examples and guidance. The application of prompt engineering in Extension is explored, showcasing its potential to enhance programs, deliver personalized advice, engage audiences, and disseminate research-based information. By learning prompt engineering skills, Extension professionals can harness the power of GenAI and LLMs, enhancing their ability to address complex challenges in the 21st century.

Utilizing Deep Learning In Smart Glass System To Assist The Blind And Visually Impaired, Asmaa A. Hekal, Mohamed S. Sharaf, Ahmed A. Sayed, Ibrahim R. Abdelrahman, Ahmed A. Salem, Ahmed M. Elhussieny, Saeed Y. Kouta, Eman S. Abass

Future Engineering Journal

This paper presents a groundbreaking assistive technology designed to empower visually impaired individuals in their daily lives. With an estimated global population of 2.2 billion facing visual impairments, addressing the challenges they encounter is of paramount importance. The research introduces a comprehensive electronic device integrating advanced computer vision and deep learning techniques. The system incorporates real-time object detection, robust facial recognition, and precise currency denomination identification. Powered by a Raspberry Pi 4 Model B+ and an ESP32-CAM Development Board, the device offers users unparalleled environmental awareness. Utilizing YOLOv4-tiny for object detection and a hybrid face recognition model combining HaarCascades, Histogram …

Integrating Blockchain Technology Into The Software Development Life Cycle To Satisfy The Software Bill Of Materials Requirement For Government Software Systems, Walter T. Scott Ii

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis explores the integration of Blockchain Technology (BT) into the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) to satisfy the Software Bill of Materials (SBOM) requirement for government software systems. This study begins by synthesizing a standard SDLC definition from various government and industry references, which may provide the foundation for future efforts to standardize software development practices across the government software development community. This study proceeds to define working definitions for the software supply chain (SSC) and software supply chain management (SCM) before introducing and detailing the SBOM requirement as well as providing an overview of prior research regarding SBOMs …

A Data-Driven Framework For Analyzing And Predicting Social Media Engagement During Rumor Propagation, Joseph E. Faza

Master's Theses

The spread of rumors on social media has become a significant concern, as platforms like X (formerly known as Twitter) enable rapid dissemination of unverified information. These rumors can shape public perception and behavior, making it crucial to understand the dynamics of their spread. The main objective of this study is to explore how users interact with rumor-related tweets and identify key factors that predict tweet engagement. By analyzing tweets from seven different rumor events, this research aims to uncover patterns in user engagement and provide insights into the spread of misinformation. The study utilized a dataset of tweets from …

An Analysis Of Electrical Energy Resilience Technologies As Applied To Air Force Operations, Eric D. Danko

Theses and Dissertations

An analysis of 46 Resilient Energy Devices and Technology Concepts was conducted to determine their suitability for use in supporting Air Force Operations both at home station and abroad. The research consisted of two endeavors: an extensive literature review and a rank-ordering matrix. The dual nature of the efforts was designed to maximize usability and understanding for the End User, who may not be familiar with some principles of energy technologies, resilience, or design. The results showed the superiority of novel Solid (Metal) Fuels and Lead-Acid Batteries for Energy Storage and Thermoelectric Generators, Solar Photovoltaic Panels, Geothermal Extraction, Diesel Generators, …

Toward Adaptive And Modular Joint Multi-Domain Operational Planning, Kyle S. Wilkinson

Theses and Dissertations

This research develops a multiparametric optimization framework for modeling joint multi-domain operational planning under uncertainty. We address the application of our framework to model the doctrine of adaptive planning. We apply set-based design, which is a program management practice of maintaining maximal design options through time as a response to epistemic uncertainty. We couple this with a multiparametric optimization method yielding both sets of solutions and sensitivity profiles. We use the sensitivity profiles to quantify risk associated with changes during adaptive planning. This research also models features of military operational planning via the mathematics of category theory. We formalize intuitive …

Improving Military Medical Evacuation System Performance Via Stochastic Optimization, Virbon B. Frial

Theses and Dissertations

This research highlights the importance of improving the performance of military medical evacuation systems to reduce the risk of permanent disability or death among service members in deployed environments. We employ a range of stochastic optimization techniques relating to integer programming, Markov decision process, approximate dynamic programming, and machine learning, as appropriate, to gain insights into factors that contribute to improving system performance.

Autonomous Experimentation For Accelerated Calibration Of Fused Deposition Modeling 3d Printers, Graig S. Ganitano

Theses and Dissertations

Additive Manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, has emerged as a key component of Industry 4.0, enabling reduced cost, quick production, greater sustainability, and increased design complexity compared to its traditional manufacturing counterpart. Currently, Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technology dominates the AM market with respect to the number of 3D printers in use. However, the FDM process is sensitive to changes in system configuration, especially the feedstock material. Utilizing a new feedstock requires a time-consuming trial-and-error process to identify optimal settings for a large number of process parameters, acting as a barrier to the technology.

To enable greater accessibility …

An Exponential Cone Programming Approach For Managing Electric Vehicle Charging, Li Chen, Long He, Yangfang (Helen) Zhou

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

To support the rapid growth in global electric vehicle adoption, public charging of electric vehicles is crucial. We study the problem of an electric vehicle charging service provider, which faces (1) stochastic arrival of customers with distinctive arrival and departure times, and energy requirements as well as (2) a total electricity cost including demand charges, costs related to the highest per-period electricity used in a finite horizon. We formulate its problem of scheduling vehicle charging to minimize the expected total cost as a stochastic program (SP). As this SP is large-scale, we solve it using exponential cone program (ECP) approximations. …

Appointment Scheduling With Delay Tolerance Heterogeneity, Shuming Wang, Jun Li, Marcus Ang, Tsan Sheng Ng

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

In this study, we investigate an appointment sequencing and scheduling problem with heterogeneous user delay tolerances under service-time uncertainty. We aim to capture the delay-tolerance effect with heterogeneity, in an operationally effective and computationally tractable fashion, for the appointment scheduling problem. To this end, we first propose a Tolerance-Aware Delay (TAD) index that incorporates explicitly the user-tolerance information in delay evaluation. We show that the TAD index enjoys decision-theoretical rationale in terms of Tolerance Sensitivity, Monotonicity, Convexity and Positive Homogeneity, which enables it to incorporate the frequency and intensity of delays over the tolerance in a coherent manner. Specifically, the …

Comparison Of Evolutionary Algorithms: A Case Study On The Multi-Objective Carbon-Aware Mine Planning, Nurul Asyikeen Binte Azhar, Aldy Gunawan, Shih-Fen Cheng, Erwin Leonardi

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The NP-hard precedence-constrained production scheduling problem (PCPSP) for mine planning chooses the ordered removal of materials from the mine pit and the next processing steps based on resource, geological, and geometrical constraints. Traditionally, it prioritizes the net present value (NPV) of profits across the lifespan of the mine. Yet, the growing shift in environmental concerns also requires shifts to more carbon-aware practices. In this paper, we use the enhanced multi-objective version of the generic PCPSP formulation by adding the NPV of carbon costs as another objective. We then compare how the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) and the Pareto …

Quantum Relaxation For Solving Multiple Knapsack Problems, Monit Sharma, Jin Yan, Hoong Chuin Lau, Rudy Raymond

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Combinatorial problems are a common challenge in business, requiring finding optimal solutions under specified constraints. While significant progress has been made with variational approaches such as QAOA, most problems addressed are unconstrained (such as Max-Cut). In this study, we investigate a hybrid quantum-classical method for constrained optimization problems, particularly those with knapsack constraints that occur frequently in financial and supply chain applications. Our proposed method relies firstly on relaxations to local quantum Hamiltonians, defined through commutative maps. Drawing inspiration from quantum random access code (QRAC) concepts, particularly Quantum Random Access Optimizer (QRAO), we explore QRAO's potential in solving large constrained …

Data Driven Decision Making For Sustainable Planning And Operations Of Large Scale Networks, Bahareh Kargar

Dissertations

This dissertation explores data-driven decision-making networks, focusing on sustainable planning and operations for large-scale systems such as healthcare supply chains and power systems. One significant application in healthcare is the optimization of vaccine supply chains. An agent-based simulation-optimization modeling framework is developed to enhance the efficiency and sustainability of vaccine distribution. First, an agent-based epidemiological model of COVID-19 is extended to capture disease transmission dynamics and forecast the number of susceptible individuals and infections. Then, a sustainable vaccine supply chain considering the impacts of greenhouse gases is developed and integrated with the simulation model to minimize total costs and environmental …

Order-Picking Strategies And Efficiency Models For The Fulfillment Of Multi-Line E-Commerce Grocery Orders, Zijia Wang

Dissertations

The fulfillment process for Buy Online Pickup from Store grocery orders (BOPS-Grocery) is particularly challenging, given the large item count per order and the low-profit margins. This research investigates the BOPS-Grocery model and pursues the following objectives: (i) Defining and specifying the BOPS-Grocery fulfillment process. Differentiating the process from classical warehouse order picking., identifying performance objectives, and characterizing design options and facility layout. (ii) Modelling and developing order picking algorithms specific to the straight aisle section. Formulated as an order hatching problem with picker movement minimization. No order splitting, and (iii) modeling and developing order picking algorithms specific to the …

Mathematical Modelling Of The Solar Drying Of Apricot, Sarvar Rejabov, Botir Shukurillayevich Usmonov, Asqar Artikov, Komil Usmanov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

Agricultural products provide significant growth in export earnings for many countries and provide food globally. Fruits and vegetables are perishable foods due to their high moisture content. Therefore, most agricultural products require post-harvest processing such as drying to extend the shelf life of fruits and vegetables and maintain nutrient quality. Solar drying is widely used for this purpose. Ambient temperature, humidity and solar radiation affect the drying time and quality of agricultural products, especially apricots, in solar dryers. The experiments were carried out in the same place (Tashkent, Uzbekistan) and in the same time interval. When the mass of apricots …

Experimental Study Of The Ultrasonic Extraction Process Of Plant Raw Materials, Azamat Bakir Ogli Usenov, Doston Ishmuxammat Ogli Samandarov, Qobil Akmal Ogli Mukhiddinov, Jasur Esirgapovich Safarov Dcs

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

In-depth scientific research is being conducted around the world aimed at developing the scientific and methodological foundations of energy-saving extractors, processing medicinal plants, increasing the efficiency of modern technologies, processes and equipment for obtaining high-quality pharmaceutical raw materials rich in biologically active substances. Energy-saving extractors, developed in conjunction with the extraction process of medicinal plants, are introduced into the industry using scientifically proven technology. At the global level, special attention is paid to the creation of intelligent designs of innovative extraction plants that operate using ultrasonic waves, allowing the extraction of medicinal components of plants.

Clustering Algorithm Based On Similarity Of Objects, Akhram Khasanovich Nishanov, Alisher Tulkunovich Tursunov, Fayzullo Farhod O'G'Li Ollamberganov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The article discusses the problem of drug clustering. Initially, k classes are randomly formed and the resulting training sample is preprocessed, then the similarity between objects of each class is assessed based on the proximity function and the criterion for assessing the contribution of objects to the formation of their own class. It is usually expressed as a percentage and represents the degree of mutual similarity of objects of each class. In the next steps of the algorithm, first one object is taken from the first class and by adding it to all k classes, the contribution of this object …

Capacitive Sensors With Ultra-Small Capacitance For Smart Measurement And Control Systems, Rustam Baratov, Farrux Jabbor O'G'Li Ko'charov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

This article discusses methods of low capacitance measurement of capacitive sensors. The results of the study of the amplitude-frequency (AF) and phase-frequency (PF) response of measurement circuits of capacitive sensors for low capacitances measurement, consisting of RC - differentiating elements are presented. The input and output parameters of the differentiating circuit and the complex transfer function are analyzed. The research results show that low capacitances measurement by measuring the rectangular pulses duration is the most effective measurement method.

Developing Decision-Making Models And Algorithms To Help Prevent Emergencies, Mizaakbar Xakkulmirzayevich Hudayberdiyev, Oybek Zokirovich Koraboshev

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The article is devoted to the solution of the scientific issue of decision-making support for the prevention and elimination of the consequences of emergency situations. The relevance of this issue is related to the need to develop a theoretical basis for optimizing the risk of adverse effects on human health and the environment in connection with emergency situations, and a predictive model for the development of emergency situations and their prevention or elimination of their consequences. The optimization of the importance measure of signs for predicting the values of the factors of fire conditions has been carried out. In addition, …

Investigation Of The Parameters Of Semicylindrical Capacitive Sensor, Erkin Uljaev, Elyor Faxriddinovich Khudoyberdiev, Shohrukh Nurali O‘G‘Li Narzullayev

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

This study introduces a semicylindrical capacitive sensor, featuring an internal dielectric insulator, designed to measure moisture levels in bulk and other materials while in motion. The research employs numerical analysis to explore the sensor's capacitance variation and evaluate its performance. The change in capacitance of the semicylindrical capacitive sensor in the picofarad range is easily converted into a change in the frequency of the generator, which is implemented on an operational amplifier with feedback. The generator circuit is quite compact, and its output can be connected directly to the discrete input of a microcontroller without a matching element. Using the …

Creating A Wholistic Manufacturing Score To Highlight The Effects Of Hidden Inefficiencies In Automated Manufacturing Caused By Soft Dedication And Preventative Maintenance Failures, Oded Tal

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The semiconductor industry is one of the most advanced manufacturing sectors, operating at an unparalleled scale and complexity. A new manufacturing facility costs between $500 million and $15 billion, and the industry's investment in automation is unmatched. However, the intricate and cyclical nature of semiconductor manufacturing creates very complex manufacturing facilities where the boundaries between planning and real-time operations often blur.

For the industry to keep improving, there is a need to create a new method that allows comparison among different manufacturing environments to uncover hidden losses that may be obscured by automation.

To better understand these hidden losses, the …

Performance Of Gfrp-Confined Rubberized Engineered Cementitious Composite Columns, Mahmoud T. Nawar, Mohamed Selim, Mahmoud Zaglal, Ayman El-Zohairy

Faculty Publications

In coastal regions, the deterioration of structures and bridges due to environmental conditions and corrosion is a significant concern. To combat these issues, the use of corrosion-resistant materials like fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs) materials, engineered cementitious composites (ECCs), and rubberized ECCs (RECC) shows promise as normal concrete (NC) alternatives by providing increased ductility and energy absorption properties. The effectiveness of confining concrete columns using GFRP tubes with ECC/RECC was assessed in this research by evaluating their performance through compression and push-out tests. The study explored key parameters such as GFRP tube thickness and the presence of shear connectors along the tube …

Lean Manufacturing Practices In Tanzania: Exploring Awareness, Training And Capital Investment, Francis D. Sinkamba

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

With the growing competition among industries in the world, manufacturing industries are now forced to adopt the Lean Manufacturing philosophy to improve their competitive abilities. The adoption of the philosophy is very low in developing countries such as Tanzania, as is demonstrated with 1% of publications and the lack of knowledge and capital for Lean Manufacturing implementation causes this. Furthermore, the contribution of the sector to the Gross Domestic Product in Tanzania is low and stands at 8.4%. The study wants to bridge the gap in training, capital and awareness of Lean Manufacturing in Tanzania. Survey and purposive sampling techniques …

Evaluation Of Business-Driven Reference Architecture For Big Data Analytics Implementation By Public Sector Organizations In Resource-Constrained Setting: A Case Study Of Uganda, Matendo Didas

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Big Data Analytics (BDA) is a new area at the nexus of agenda, public sector organizations, and government business. It may satisfy the growing need for trustworthy, cost-effective services in the public sector for better, more informed decision-making processes. BDA has been proposed on the planning schedules of several public sector organizations and the government. Therefore, from the previous work, using Uganda as a case study, specifically the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS), Ministry of Health (MoH), and Ministry of Education and Sports (MoES), this study aims to evaluate a designed Business-Driven Reference Architecture for Big Data Analytics Implementation (BRABDAI) …

Assessment Of The Factors Affecting The National Ict Broadband Backbone (Nictbb) Systems Restoration Time, Victoria Mahabi

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

This study investigates the factors affecting the prolonged system restoration time when national ICT broadband backbone (NICTBB) services are affected by breakdown incidents. NICTBB is the government-owned backbone infrastructure constructed nationally by the Republic of Tanzania to increase the usage of ICT for equitable and sustainable socio-economic development and accelerate poverty reduction. This study utilised a mixture of exploratory and descriptive study approaches. The sample size determination was executed using purposing and simple random sampling, thus involving 289 respondents. The data reliability test was undertaken. It was followed by factor analysis, analysis of variances (ANOVA), linear regression analysis, and confirmed …

Modeling The Influence Of Internal Factors On Vehicular Mobility Performance, Aziz Mdimi

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Traffic mobility is significantly influenced by road conditions and the internal factors governing vehicular performance. Internal factors play a crucial role in vehicular mobility, influencing vehicles operate and performance. While existing vehicular mobility models primarily address external factors, external factors such as governor, engine, gear train and differential unit remain underexplored. This study formulates a comprehensive model to address this gap, focusing on the internal components that affect vehicular mobility. The proposed model employs both analytical and numerical methods to derive transfer functions for these subsystems using Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB), aiming to capture the dynamic behavior of vehicles under various …

Exploring The Transformation Of Sustainable Collective Spaces: A Study From Mlalakuwa Informal Settlement, Jacob Lutta

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

A major challenge in collective space transformation is addressing the complexity of informal urbanisation in developing countries. Using a case study approach, this paper examines the concerns related to a particular informal settlement's sustainable collective space transformation. One of the key findings is that the absence of formal rules and regulations in the development of informal settlements in combination with land-grabbing leads to the absence of open spaces that could be used collectively. It is observed that sustainability in urban development is another body of critical thought that integrates several streams of current urban elements and embodies various conceptions of …

Investigation Of Heavy Metal Composition And Associated Health Risks From Selected Groundwater Wells In Temeke, Dar-Es-Salaam, Justin M. Jeremiah

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Water quality continues to be the challenge to residents in Dar es Salaam due to various anthropogenic activities in the city. This study was conducted to assess groundwater quality by determining concentrations of heavy metals. Both probability and Nonprobability sampling techniques were used to collect samples from 40 groundwater wells in 24 wards of Temeke municipal and analysed using Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer (Agilent 4210 MP-AES) at the Geochemistry Laboratory of the University of Dar es Salaam. Results indicated varying heavy metal concentrations ranging from 0.71 ± 0.08 to 6.64 ± 0.21 mg/l for As, 0.02 ± 0.01 to …

Development And Testing Of Small-Scale Flash Dryer For Maize Bran, Eden Ngowi

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Sun drying is the most common technique used to dry various food products due to its economic convenience. However, it is not effective owing to its unreliable nature leading to microbial deterioration and aflatoxin contamination of food. In Tanzania, about 1.3 million tonnes of maize bran are at risk of deterioration annually due to improper drying. The aim of this study was to design, fabricate and test an efficient small-scale flash dryer for maize bran. Using principles of material and energy balance, a small-scale flash dryer with a throughput of 500 kg of dry product per hour was designed resulting …