Computer Engineering Commons^™

Nonlinear Plasmonic Cloaks To Realize Giant All-Optical Scattering Switching, Christos Argyropoulos, Pai-Yen Chen, Francesco Monticone, Giuseppe D'Aguanno, Andrea Alu

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Here we extend the reach of Fano resonant coupling by combining this concept with cloaking and plasmonic resonances in a single nonlinear nanoparticle, in order to realize giant all-optical scattering nanoswitches controlled by moderate pumping intensities. We show that a core-shell nonlinear plasmonic particle may be designed to abruptly switch from being completely cloaked to being strongly resonant, with up to a 40 dB cross-sectional difference. Self-tunable optical cloaks and resonant scatterers are envisioned for use as efficient all-optical switches and nanomemories.

Boosting Optical Nonlinearities In E-Near-Zero Plasmonic Channels, Christos Argyropoulos, Pai-Yen Chen, Giuseppe D'Aguanno, Nadar Engheta, Andrea Alu

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

The anomalous transmission properties of zero-permittivity ultranarrow channels are used to boost Kerr nonlinearities and achieve switching and bistable response for moderate optical intensities. Strong field enhancement, uniform all along the channel, is a typical feature of ε-near-zero supercoupling and is shown to be particularly suited to enhance nonlinear effects. This is obtained by designing narrow apertures at cutoff in a plasmonic screen. We show that this nonlinear mechanism can significantly outperform nonlinearities in traditional Fabry-P´erot resonant gratings.

Broadband Brewster Transmission Through 2d Metallic Gratings, Khai Q. Le, Christos Argyropoulos, Nadia Mattiucci, Giuseppe D'Aguanno, Mark J. Bloemer, Andrea Alu

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Recently, we have introduced a mechanism to achieve ultrabroadband light funnelling and total transmission through 1D narrow metallic gratings at a specific incidence angle, the so-called plasmonic Brewster angle. This phenomenon is based on impedance matching between the guided modes supported by ultranarrow linear slits and transverse-magnetic waves at oblique incidence. In this paper, we demonstrate that such phenomenon, representing the equivalent of Brewster transmission for plasmonic screens, can also occur in 2D metallic gratings of various structural forms and shapes, and that it may be made insensitive to the azimuthal, or polarization, angle u. This finding may have relevant …

Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Having Enhanced Signal-To-Noise Ratio, Dennis R. Alexander, Troy Anderson, John C. Bruce Iii

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

A material can be analyzed using short pulses by applying a first pulse and a second pulse to the material in which the second pulse is delayed relative to the first pulse. The first and second pulses are directed toward a material along collinear paths, and the material is ablated using the first pulse to cause particles to be emitted from the surface of the material. The emitted particles are atomized and/or ionized using the second pulse, and the radiation from the atomized and/or ionized particles is analyzed.

Empirical Correction For Spectroscopic Ellipsometric Measurements Of Rough Or Textured Surfaces, Craig M. Herzinger, Blaine D. Johs, Mathias M. Schubert, Tino Hofmann

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

A method of applying spectroscopic ellipsometry to arrive at accurate values of optical and physical properties for thin films on samples having rough or textured surfaces.

An Adaptive Algorithm For Corrupted Images, Deborah D. Duran-Herrmann, Qilin Qi, Yaoqing Lamar Yang

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications (to 2015)

Noise is ever-present in communication channels and can produce devastating degradation to the images at the receiver end. In this paper, a novel approach to detecting different types of noise models in corrupted images is presented. Basically, it is a two-step process that has the ability to handle real-time applications due to its computational simplicity. The proposed algorithm handles error correction more efficiently in the second stage of processing, given a means to detect the type of noise present in the first stage. This algorithm will be verified and tested against existing methods on different noise models. Preliminary results show …

Cross-Layer Optimized Coding Mode Selection For Wireless Video Communications, Yun Ye, Song Ci, Dalei Wu

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications (to 2015)

This paper proposed a coding mode selection method for video transmission over wireless networks. Unlike previous mode selection methods disregarding channel distortion or assuming constant packet loss rate (PLR), this method includes a cross-layer controller to collect both source and channel information. The mode selection process is formulated as a delay constrained distortion minimization problem. The three components in the resulting Lagrange cost function, namely distortion, Lagrange multiplier and packet delay, are estimated with online channel information feedback. Suboptimal coding decision and physical layer modulation and coding scheme (MCS) are determined by the controller for each packet. In our experiment, …

Automation Laboratory Development Focusing On Industrial Hands-On Experience, Simulation Software, And Application Research Projects, Cheng Y. Lin, John R. Hackworth

Engineering Technology Faculty Publications

This paper describes the development of an Automation Control Lab in the Department of Engineering Technology at the University. The lab facility includes pneumatic actuators/sensors, electrical relays/switches, and Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC). The major goal of the development is to help students gain hands-on industrial experience by conducting simple projects during the lecture hours and more advanced projects during the lab hours. Simulation software is also applied to reduce implementation time when developing complicated pneumatic circuits and PLC programs. In addition, three examples of industrial automation projects using PLC from the Technology Application Center (TAC) are also introduced to students …

Simultaneous Camera Pose And Correspondence Estimation With Motion Coherence, Wen-Yan Lin, Loong-Fah Cheong, Ping Tan, Guo Dong, Siying Liu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Traditionally, the camera pose recovery problem has been formulated as one of estimating the optimal camera pose given a set of point correspondences. This critically depends on the accuracy of the point correspondences and would have problems in dealing with ambiguous features such as edge contours and high visual clutter. Joint estimation of camera pose and correspondence attempts to improve performance by explicitly acknowledging the chicken and egg nature of the pose and correspondence problem. However, such joint approaches for the two-view problem are still few and even then, they face problems when scenes contain largely edge cues with few …

Preface: Trends In Natural And Machine Intelligence, Jonathan H. Chan, Ah-Hwee Tan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Trends in natural and machine intelligence are increasingly reflecting a convergence in these two well-established fields of study. The Third International Neural Network Society Winter Conference (INNS-WC 2012) was held in Bangkok, Thailand, on October 3-5, 2012. INNS-WC2012, with an aim to bring together scientists, practitioners, and students worldwide, to discuss the past, present, and future challenges and trends in the area of natural and machine intelligence. This event has been a bi-annual conference of the International Neural Network Society (INNS) to provide a forum for international researchers to exchange latest ideas and advances on neural networks and related discipline.

A New One-Level Convex Optimization Approach For Estimating Origin-Destination Demand, Wei Shen, Laura Wynter

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Accurately estimating Origin–Destination (OD) trip tables based on traffic data has become crucial in many real-time traffic applications. The problem of OD estimation is traditionally modeled as a bilevel network design problem (NDP), which is challenging to solve in large-scale networks. In this paper, we propose a new one-level convex optimization formulation to reasonably approximate the bilevel structure, thus allowing the development of more efficient solution algorithms. This one-level approach is consistent with user equilibrium conditions, and improves previous one-level relaxed OD estimation formulations in the literature by ‘equilibrating’ path flows using external path cost parameters. Our new formulation can, …

Evaluating Speedup In Parallel Compilers, Deepa V. Komathukattil

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Parallel programming is prevalent in every field mainly to speed up computation. Advancements in multiprocessor technology fuel this trend toward parallel programming. However, modern compilers are still largely single threaded and do not take advantage of the machine resources available to them. There has been a lot of work done on compilers that add parallel constructs to the programs they are compiling, enabling programs to exploit parallelism at run time. Auto parallelization of loops by a compiler is one such example. Researchers have done very little work towards parallelizing the compilation process itself.

The research done here focuses on parallel …

Empirical Performance Analysis Of High Performance Computing Benchmarks Across Variations In Cloud Computing, Sindhu Mani

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

High Performance Computing (HPC) applications are data-intensive scientific software requiring significant CPU and data storage capabilities. Researchers have examined the performance of Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) environment across several HPC benchmarks; however, an extensive HPC benchmark study and a comparison between Amazon EC2 and Windows Azure (Microsoft’s cloud computing platform), with metrics such as memory bandwidth, Input/Output (I/O) performance, and communication computational performance, are largely absent. The purpose of this study is to perform an exhaustive HPC benchmark comparison on EC2 and Windows Azure platforms.

We implement existing benchmarks to evaluate and analyze performance of two public clouds spanning …

Effects Of Visual Interaction Methods On Simulated Unmanned Aircraft Operator Situational Awareness, Brent A. Terwilliger

Publications

The limited field of view of static egocentric visual displays employed in unmanned aircraft controls introduces the soda straw effect on operators, which significantly affects their ability to capture and maintain situational awareness by not depicting peripheral visual data. The problem with insufficient operator situational awareness is the resulting increased potential for error and oversight during operation of unmanned aircraft, leading to accidents and mishaps costing United States taxpayers between $4 million to $54 million per year. The purpose of this quantitative experimental completely randomized design study was to examine and compare use of dynamic eyepoint to static visual interaction …

Many-To-One Communication Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks, Chansu Yu, Robert Fiske, Seungmin Park, Won-Tae Kim

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

This paper proposes a novel communication protocol, called Many-to-One Sensors-to-Sink (MOSS), tailored to wireless sensor networks (WSNs). It exploits the unique sensors-to-sink traffic pattern to realize low-overhead medium access and low- latency sensors-to-sink routing paths. In conventional schedule-based MAC protocols such as S-MAC, sensor nodes in the proximity of the event generate reports simultaneously, causing unreliable and unpredictable performance during a brief but critical period of time when an event of interest occurs. MOSS is based on time division multiple access (TDMA) that avoids energy waste due to collisions, idle listening and overhearing and avoids unreliable behavior mentioned above. A …

Computer Aided Design Algorithmic Technique For Very Large Scale Integrated Circuit Design And Smart Home Embedded System Design, Xiaodao Chen

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open

To tackle the challenges at circuit level and system level VLSI and embedded system design, this dissertation proposes various novel algorithms to explore the efficient solutions. At the circuit level, a new reliability-driven minimum cost Steiner routing and layer assignment scheme is proposed, and the first transceiver insertion algorithmic framework for the optical interconnect is proposed. At the system level, a reliability-driven task scheduling scheme for multiprocessor real-time embedded systems, which optimizes system energy consumption under stochastic fault occurrences, is proposed. The embedded system design is also widely used in the smart home area for improving health, wellbeing and quality …

Design Of Efficient In-Network Data Processing And Dissemination For Vanets, Congyi Liu

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open

By providing vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure wireless communications, vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), also known as the “networks on wheels”, can greatly enhance traffic safety, traffic efficiency and driving experience for intelligent transportation system (ITS). However, the unique features of VANETs, such as high mobility and uneven distribution of vehicular nodes, impose critical challenges of high efficiency and reliability for the implementation of VANETs. This dissertation is motivated by the great application potentials of VANETs in the design of efficient in-network data processing and dissemination. Considering the significance of message aggregation, data dissemination and data collection, this dissertation research targets at …

Multimodal Performance And Reliability Analysis Of The Pierre Auger Observatory North Site, Maira Maskevics

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open

The Pierre Auger Cosmic Ray Observatory North site employs a large array of surface detector stations (tanks) to detect the secondary particle showers generated by ultra-high energy cosmic rays. Due to the rare nature of ultra-high energy cosmic rays, it is important to have a high reliability on tank communications, ensuring no valuable data is lost. The Auger North site employs a peer-to-peer paradigm, the Wireless Architecture for Hard Real-Time Embedded Networks (WAHREN), designed specifically for highly reliable message delivery over fixed networks, under hard real-time deadlines.

The WAHREN design included two retransmission protocols, Micro- and Macro- retransmission. To fully …

Adaptive Sampling With Mobile Sensor Networks, Shuo Huang

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open

Mobile sensor networks have unique advantages compared with wireless sensor networks. The mobility enables mobile sensors to flexibly reconfigure themselves to meet sensing requirements. In this dissertation, an adaptive sampling method for mobile sensor networks is presented. Based on the consideration of sensing resource constraints, computing abilities, and onboard energy limitations, the adaptive sampling method follows a down sampling scheme, which could reduce the total number of measurements, and lower sampling cost. Compressive sensing is a recently developed down sampling method, using a small number of randomly distributed measurements for signal reconstruction. However, original signals cannot be reconstructed using condensed …

Automatic Food Intake Assessment Using Camera Phones, Fanyu Kong

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open

Obesity is becoming an epidemic phenomenon in most developed countries. The fundamental cause of obesity and overweight is an energy imbalance between calories consumed and calories expended. It is essential to monitor everyday food intake for obesity prevention and management. Existing dietary assessment methods usually require manually recording and recall of food types and portions. Accuracy of the results largely relies on many uncertain factors such as user's memory, food knowledge, and portion estimations. As a result, the accuracy is often compromised. Accurate and convenient dietary assessment methods are still blank and needed in both population and research societies.

In …

Decision Strategies For A P2p Computing System, Grzegorz Chmaj, Krzysztof Walkowiak

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

Peer-to-Peer (P2P) computing (also called ‘public-resource computing’) is an effective approach to perform computation of large tasks. Currently used P2P computing systems (e.g., BOINC) are most often centrally managed, i.e., the final result of computations is created at a central node using partial results – what may be not efficient in the case when numerous participants are willing to download the final result. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to P2P computing systems. We assume that results can be delivered to all peers in a distributed way using three types of network flows: unicast, Peer-to-Peer and anycast. We …

Ttradeoff Tables For Compression Functions: How To Invert Hash Values Radeoff Tables For Compression Functions: How To Invert Hash Values, Orhun Kara, Adem Atalay

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Hash functions are one of the ubiquitous cryptographic functions used widely for various applications such as digital signatures, data integrity, authentication protocols, MAC algorithms, RNGs, etc. Hash functions are supposed to be one-way, i.e., preimage resistant. One interesting property of hash functions is that they process arbitrary-length messages into fixed-length outputs. In general, this can be achieved mostly by applying compression functions onto the message blocks of fixed length, recursively. The length of the message is incorporated as padding in the last block prior to the hash, a procedure called the Merkle-Damgard strengthening. In this paper, we introduce a new …

A Robust Adaptive Fuzzy Control Of A Unified Power Flow Controller, Sebaa Morsli, Allaoui Tayeb, Denai Mouloud, Chaker Abdelkader

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This paper investigates the control of a unified power flow controller (UPFC) to improve the stability of a power system, hence providing security under increased power flow conditions. The proposed control methods include a direct proportional and integral (PI) controller and an adaptive fuzzy logic controller (AFLC). The performances of these controllers were evaluated under different operating conditions of the power system and the results demonstrated that PI and AFLC are very effective in improving the transient power system stability and very robust against variable transmission line parameters.

Mathematical Modeling And Vertical Flight Control Of A Tilt-Wing Uav, Kaan Taha Öner, Ertuğrul Çeti̇nsoy, Efe Sirimoğlu, Cevdet Hançer, Mustafa Ünel, Mahmut Faruk Akşi̇t, Kayhan Gülez, İlyas Kandemi̇r

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This paper presents a mathematical model and vertical flight control algorithms for a new tilt-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The vehicle is capable of vertical take-off and landing (VTOL). Due to its tilt-wing structure, it can also fly horizontally. The mathematical model of the vehicle is obtained using Newton-Euler formulation. A gravity compensated PID controller is designed for altitude control, and three PID controllers are designed for attitude stabilization of the vehicle. Performances of these controllers are found to be quite satisfactory as demonstrated by indoor and outdoor flight experiments.

Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm For Dynamic Deployment Of Wireless Sensor Networks, Celal Öztürk, Dervi̇ş Karaboğa, Beyza Görkemli̇

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

As the usage and development of wireless sensor networks increases, problems related to these networks are being discovered. Dynamic deployment is one of the main issues that directly affect the performance of wireless sensor networks. In this paper, an artificial bee colony algorithm is applied to the dynamic deployment of mobile sensor networks to gain better performance by trying to increase the coverage area of the network. The good performance of the algorithm shows that it can be utilized in the dynamic deployment of wireless sensor networks.

Reduction Of Torque Ripple In Dtc For Induction Motor Using Input-Output Feedback Linearization, Sebti Belkacem, Farid Naceri, Rachid Abdessemed

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Direct torque control (DTC) is known to produce fast responses and robust control in AC adjustable-speed drives. However, in the steady-state operation, notable torque, flux, and current pulsations occur. In this paper, nonlinear DTC of induction motor drives is presented based on a space vector pulse-width modulation scheme combined with the input-output feedback linearization technique. The variation of stator and rotor resistance due to changes in temperature or frequency deteriorates the performance of the DTC controller by introducing errors in the estimated flux linkage and the electromagnetic torque. This approach will not be suitable for high power drives such as …

Performance Comparison Of New Nonparametric Independent Component Analysis Algorithm For Different Entropic Indexes, Yusuf Sevi̇m, Ayten Atasoy

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Most independent component analysis (ICA) algorithms use mutual information (MI) measures based on Shannon entropy as a cost function, but Shannon entropy is not the only measure in the literature. In this paper, instead of Shannon entropy, Tsallis entropy is used and a novel ICA algorithm, which uses kernel density estimation (KDE) for estimation of source distributions, is proposed. KDE is directly evaluated from the original data samples, so it solves the important problem in ICA: how to choose nonlinear functions as the probability density function (pdf) estimation of the sources.

A Simulator Based On An Energy-Efficient Gpr Algorithm Modified For The Scanning Of All Types Of Regions, Levent Seyfi̇, Ercan Yaldiz

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

An improved simulator is presented for the simulation of an energy-efficient ground-penetrating radar (GPR) using the 2D finite-difference time-domain method in the MATLAB environment. This simulator is novel in that it improves on previous work that did not involve scanning a buried object or the intermittent sublayer beneath the ground using an energy-efficient algorithm. The present simulator examines the scanned region and automatically chooses either a common algorithm or an energy-efficient algorithm, depending on the region. The simulator provides the possibility of using an energy-efficient GPR without the need for the operator to determine the suitability of the scanned region. …

Design, Implementation, And Performance Analysis Of The Worldfip/Atm Local Bridge, Tuncay Aydoğan, İbrahi̇m Özçeli̇k, Aki̇f Kutlu, Hüseyi̇n Eki̇z

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

World factory instrumentation protocol (WorldFIP) is a fieldbus network protocol that provides a link between level zero (sensors/actuators) and level one (field controllers such as programmable logic controllers, etc.) in industrial automation systems. Accessing and connecting the WorldFIP remotely is important for monitoring, maintaining, and controlling devices in a factory in which asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) is used as a backbone network. In this study, a transparent WorldFIP/ATM bridge was designed and implemented in order to access devices on WorldFIP via an ATM network. This designed bridge may also provide control of the devices over wide area networks. The bridge's …

Effects Of Routing Algorithms On Novel Throughput Improvement Of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, Barbaros Preveze, Aysel Şafak

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

A cognitive method called most congested access first (MCAF), minimizing the packet loss ratio and improving the throughput of a multihop mobile WiMAX network, is proposed. MCAF combines both the time division multiple access and the orthogonal frequency division multiple access methods. MCAF additionally uses spectral aid and buffer management methods, which are proposed in this paper, to manage both spectrum access and packets in the buffers. By using these novel methods, real-time video and voice packet transmission is achieved, data packet loss rate is minimized, and the system throughput per node is improved. Effects of fastest path and ant …