Computer Engineering Commons^™

A Model-Based Edge Estimation Method With Increased Edge Localization Accuracy For Medical Images, Mehmet Öztürk, Temel Kayikçioğlu

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This study proposes an improved method based on a nonlinear parametric model for intensity profile to increase the edge localization accuracy in medical images gathered from different imaging modalities. The edge model consists of three parameters associated with an edge point. It also takes into account local background intensity, noise, and blurring. The Marquardt-Levenberg algorithm is used to estimate the parameters because of its accuracy and good convergence rate. Performance of the proposed method is tested quantitatively by comparing the results with those of the well-known active contour method on synthetic vessel images. Qualitative comparisons on real MRI, coronary angiography, …

Robust Speed Controller Design For Induction Motors Based On Ifoc And Kharitonov Theorem, Bijan Moaveni, Mojtaba Khorshidi

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this paper, robust PI controllers are designed to control the speed of induction motors based on a vector control strategy. The design methodology defines the robust stability and robust performance regions in the $k_{p}-k_{i}$ (PI controller coefficients) plane using the Kharitonov theorem. In the control system design procedure, a nonlinear induction motor is modeled as an uncertain linear model. The procedure of modeling the uncertainties is presented. The required scientific foundations for designing a robust PI controller are also introduced in the general case while the necessary equations are derived. In the final step, the design procedure for a …

New Metrics For Clustering Of Identical Products Over Imperfect Data, Zeki̇ Yetgi̇n, Furkan Gözükara

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This paper introduces the concept of product identity-clustering based on new similarity metrics and new performance metrics for web-crawled products. Product identity-clustering is defined here as the clustering of identical products, e.g., for price comparison purposes. Products blindly crawled over web sources, e.g., online marketplaces, have different description formats, where the features describing the same products differ in both number and representation formats. This problem causes imperfect feature vectors, where the vectors are considered to be not uniform in length and structure, with the features of various data types (numeric, categorical), and unknown vector structures. Furthermore, the product information usually …

Rfid Card Security For Public Transportation Applications Based On A Novel Neural Network Analysis Of Cardholder Behavior Characteristics, Gürsel Düzenli̇

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This paper proposes a novel approach that applies neural network forecasting to security for closed-loop prepaid cards based on low-cost technologies such as RFID and 1-Wire. The security vulnerability of low-cost RFID closed-loop prepaid card systems originates mostly from the card itself. Criminal organizations counterfeit or clone card data. Although high-security prepaid cards exist, they are often too expensive for transport ticketing, and even their security is not guaranteed for a well-defined period of time. Therefore, data encryption systems are used widely against counterfeiting with success. However, it has not been possible to develop countermeasures with comparable success against cloning. …

A Fourth-Order Accurate Compact 2-D Fdfd Method For Waveguide Problems, Lokman Kuzu

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this work, a fourth-order accurate 2-D finite difference frequency domain method is proposed for the analysis of general waveguide structures. Finite difference techniques have been extensively used to solve electromagnetic problems over the decades. These methods discretize the computational domain using the Yee cell, but the standard Yee scheme used in these methods is only second-order accurate. In order to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed scheme compared to the multiresolution frequency domain method and the traditional 2-D finite difference frequency domain scheme, the dispersion characteristics of various waveguide structures are analyzed.

An Aggregate Indicator For Mobile Application Quality Assessment, Paul Pocatilu, Ion Ivan, Alin Zamfiroiu, Catalin Boja

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The mobile applications environment has a multitude of particularities generated by the complex system of devices, hardware, and software profiles and categories of users. The mobile industry has also evolved rapidly in the last 5 years from single-core mobile platforms to multiple-core mobile application platforms, able to compete in terms of user services with notebooks. New types of devices, like tablets, or shifts in human-computer interface paradigms from button click to screen touch, have opened new perspectives both for users and software developers. This requires an adaptable approach for performance analysis in terms of total quality management for software projects. …

Fast Bitwise Pattern-Matching Algorithm For Dna Sequences On Modern Hardware, Giyasetti̇n Özcan, Osman Sabri̇ Ünsal

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

We introduce a fast bitwise exact pattern-matching algorithm, which speeds up short-length pattern searches on large-sized DNA databases. Our contributions are two-fold. First, we introduce a novel exact matching algorithm designed specifically for modern processor architectures. Second, we conduct a detailed comparative performance analysis of bitwise exact matching algorithms by utilizing hardware counters. Our algorithmic technique is based on condensed bitwise operators and multifunction variables, which minimize register spills and instruction counts during searches. In addition, the technique aims to efficiently utilize CPU branch predictors and to ensure smooth instruction flow through the processor pipeline. Analyzing letter occurrence probability estimations …

Effective Cooperative Dtv Detection Using The Goertzel Algorithm, Selman Kulaç, Murat Hüsnü Sazli

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In digital TV (DTV) detection, to monitor the DTV spectrum, only pilot tone frequency values can be observed in order to achieve calculation and energy savings. These savings can be achieved using the Goertzel algorithm. However, more than one receiver sensor is needed in order to increase the detection quality. In this technique, the Goertzel algorithm is used for energy-efficient pilot tone detection and a new effective cooperative structure is proposed. There is no extra fusion center and more than one DTV band can be monitored with this OR rule-based cooperative structure. With this new cooperative structure, reaching the desired …

Optimization Of Electrical Power Transmission Lines'' Routing Using Ahp, Fuzzy Ahp, And Gis, Hasan Eroğlu, Musa Aydin

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

With the increase of people's need for energy, electrical energy transmission has become a very important issue as well as electrical power generation. One of the most important problems in energy transmission is finding the best route in a very complex study area. To date, many people from different disciplines have come together to find the best routes by manual methods like using paper maps and deciding which route is the least-cost path (LCP) to the destination point. Today it is known that, in engineering problems, and especially in path-finding or site-placing problems, the Geographic Information System (GIS) is the …

Optimal Ipfc Damping Controller Design Based On Simplex Method And Self-Tuned Fuzzy Damping Scheme In A Two-Area Multimachine Power System, Ahmet Mete Vural, Kami̇l Çağatay Bayindir

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This paper develops a novel self-tuned fuzzy damping control scheme for an interline power flow controller (IPFC) to suppress the interarea mode of oscillations in a multimachine power system. The nonlinear adaptive damping controller is based on coordinated operation of two fuzzy inference systems. The first one produces the required $q$-axis voltage reference of the quasi multipulse series converter in response to generator angle oscillations, while the second one is used to tune the output of the first one online for further reducing the error signal using a given set of fuzzy rules. The simplex method is employed to search …

A New Bitwise Voting Strategy For Safety-Critical Systems With Binary Decisions, Mustafa Seçki̇n Durmuş, Oytun Eri̇ş, Uğur Yildirim, Mehmet Turan Söylemez

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The main issue in controlling safety-critical systems such as nuclear power reactors or railway interlocking systems is to provide high safety and reliability where the risk ratio is at the highest level because small errors might result in hazardous accidents (e.g., death or injury of many people). The N-version programming technique, where N-different modules run in parallel, can be used to improve the reliability and safety of such systems at the desired safety level. Decisions of N-different modules are then evaluated by another component, usually known as the voter, using different voting strategies. In the current study a bitwise voting …

A Kinect-Based System For Automatic Recording Of Some Pigeon Behaviors, Damian Lyons, James Macdonall, Kelly Cunningham

Faculty Publications

Contact switches and touch screens are the state of the art for recording pigeons’ pecking behavior. Recording other behavior, however, requires a different sensor for each behavior, and some behaviors cannot easily be recorded. We present a flexible and inexpensive image-based approach to detecting and counting pigeon behaviors that is based on the Kinect sensor from Microsoft. Although the system is as easy to set up and use as the standard approaches, it is more flexible because it can record behaviors in addition to key pecking. In this article, we show how both the fast, fine motion of key pecking …

New Challenges For The Archiving Of Digital Writing, Heiko Zimmermann

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

In his article "New Challenges for the Archiving of Digital Writing" Heiko Zimmermann discusses the challenges of the preservation of digital texts. In addition to the problems already at the focus of attention of digital archivists, there are elements in digital literature which need to be taken into consideration when trying to archive them. Zimmermann analyses two works of digital literature, the collaborative writing project A Million Penguins (2006-2007) and Renée Tuner's She… (2008) and shows how the ontology of these texts is bound to elements of performance, to direct social interaction of writers and readers to the uniquely subjective …

Responses To Catastrophic Agi Risk: A Survey, Kaj Sotala, Roman V. Yampolskiy

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Many researchers have argued that humanity will create artificial general intelligence (AGI) within the next twenty to one hundred years. It has been suggested that AGI may inflict serious damage to human well-being on a global scale ('catastrophic risk'). After summarizing the arguments for why AGI may pose such a risk, we review the fields proposed responses to AGI risk. We consider societal proposals, proposals for external constraints on AGI behaviors and proposals for creating AGIs that are safe due to their internal design.

An Empirical Study Of Semantic Similarity In Wordnet And Word2vec, Abram Handler

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

This thesis performs an empirical analysis of Word2Vec by comparing its output to WordNet, a well-known, human-curated lexical database. It finds that Word2Vec tends to uncover more of certain types of semantic relations than others -- with Word2Vec returning more hypernyms, synonomyns and hyponyms than hyponyms or holonyms. It also shows the probability that neighbors separated by a given cosine distance in Word2Vec are semantically related in WordNet. This result both adds to our understanding of the still-unknown Word2Vec and helps to benchmark new semantic tools built from word vectors.

High-Performance Meta-Genomic Gene Identification, Ibrahim Savran

Theses and Dissertations

Computational Genomics, or Computational Genetics, refers to the use of computational and statistical analysis for understanding the structure and the function of genetic material in organisms. The primary focus of research in computational genomics in the past three decades has been the understanding of genomes and their functional elements by analyzing biological sequence data. The high demand for low-cost sequencing has driven the development of highthroughput sequencing technologies, next-generation sequencing (NGS), that parallelize the sequencing process, producing thousands or millions of sequences concurrently. Moore’s Law is the observation that the number of transistors on integrated circuits doubles approximately every two …

Automated Scratchpad Mapping And Allocation For Embedded Processors, Yang Gao

Theses and Dissertations

Embedded system-on-chip processors such as the Texas Instruments C66 DSP and the IBM Cell provide the programmer with a software controlled on-chip memory to supplement a traditional but simple two-level cache. By decomposing data sets and their corresponding workload into small subsets that fit within this on-chip memory, the processor can potentially achieve equivalent or better performance, power efficiency, and area efficiency than with its sophisticated cache. However, program controlled on chip memory requires a shift in the responsibility for management and allocation from the hardware to the programmer. Specifically, this requires the explicit mapping of program arrays to specific …

Practical Concurrency Support For Web Service Transactions, Emad Alsuwat

Theses and Dissertations

Traditional database concurrency control methods use locking, timestampordering, and optimistic-ordering to achieve DB consistency. However, these approaches are not suitable for long-running Web Service Compositions (WSCs) due to associated performance degradation. Our hypothesis asserts that, using transactional semantic and ordering information, the execution time of a WSC can be reduced, thus allowing the use of traditional database concurrency control methods while avoiding unacceptable performance degradation. Our solution is based on the following approaches: § We model a WSC as WS-BPEL specification, i.e., a partial order of WS transactions. § We allow some of the WS transactions in the WSC to …

Automatic Loop Tuning And Memory Management For Stencil Computations, Fan Zhang

Theses and Dissertations

The Texas Instruments C66x Digital Signal Processor (DSP) is an embedded processor technology that is targeted at real time signal processing. It is also developed with a high potential to become the new generation of coprocessor technology for high performance embedded computing. Of particular interest is its performance for stencil computations, such as those found in signal processing and computer vision tasks. A stencil is a loop in which the output value is updated at each position of an array by taking a weighted function of its neighbors. Efficiently mapping stencil-based kernels to the C66x device presents two challenges. The …

Benefits Of Video Games In Multidisciplinary Scientific Research, Jeremiah Jeffrey Shepherd

Theses and Dissertations

In recent years, computer-based games have been shown to be effective both as a tool for conducting research in a variety of domains and for research on games itself. In this work, we show that implementing games that have a basis in theory and that are combined with the most recent gaming practices result in effective research tools. We demonstrate this via game implementations for three domains. The first implementation is based on new theories in speech pedagogy, and demonstrates the effectiveness of our approach. The second implementation shows that using a game that simulates therapeutic speech practices can aid …

Coordinated Control And Estimation Of Multiagent Systems With Engineering Applications, Housheng Su, Michael Z.Q. Chen, Qing Hui, Wei Zhang, Fanglai Zhu

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Recently, coordinated control and estimation problems have attracted a great deal of attention in different fields especially in biology, physics, computer science, and control engineering. Coordinated control and estimation problems have prominent characteristics of distributed control, local interaction, and self-organization. Research on multiagent coordinated control and estimation problems not only helps better understand the mechanisms of natural collective phenomena but also benefits the applications of cyberphysical systems.

This special issue focuses on theoretical and technological achievements in cooperative multiagent Systems. It contains twenty-six papers, the contents of which are summarized below.

Effects Of Training Datasets On Both The Extreme Learning Machine And Support Vector Machine For Target Audience Identification On Twitter, Siaw Ling Lo, David Cornforth, Raymond Chiong

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The ability to identify or predict a target audience from the increasingly crowded social space will provide a company some competitive advantage over other companies. In this paper, we analyze various training datasets, which include Twitter contents of an account owner and its list of followers, using features generated in different ways for two machine learning approaches - the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). Various configurations of the ELM and SVM have been evaluated. The results indicate that training datasets using features generated from the owner tweets achieve the best performance, relative to other feature sets. …

Human Action Classification Based On Sequential Bag-Of-Words Model, Hong Liu, Qiaoduo Zhang, Qianru Sun

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Recently, approaches utilizing spatial-temporal features have achieved great success in human action classification. However, they typically rely on bag-of-words (BoWs) model, and ignore the spatial and temporal structure information of visual words, bringing ambiguities among similar actions. In this paper, we present a novel approach called sequential BoWs for efficient human action classification. It captures temporal sequential structure by segmenting the entire action into sub-actions. Each sub-action has a tiny movement within a narrow range of action. Then the sequential BoWs are created, in which each sub-action is assigned with a certain weight and salience to highlight the distinguishing sections. …

Online Learning On Incremental Distance Metric For Person Re-Identification, Yuke Sun, Hong Liu, Qianru Sun

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Person re-identification is to match persons appearing across non-overlapping cameras. The matching is challenging due to visual ambiguities and disparities of human bodies. Most previous distance metrics are learned by off-line and supervised approaches. However, they are not practical in real-world applications in which online data comes in without any label. In this paper, a novel online learning approach on incremental distance metric, OL-IDM, is proposed. The approach firstly modifies Self-Organizing Incremental Neural Network (SOINN) using Mahalanobis distance metric to cluster incoming data into neural nodes. Such metric maximizes the likelihood of a true image pair matches with a smaller …

Media Usage Survey: Overall Comparison Of Faculty And Students, Gerd Gidion, Michael Grosch, Luiz Fernando Capretz, Ken Meadows Dr.

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

Recent developments in the use of technologies in education have provided unique opportunities for teaching and learning. This paper describes the results of a survey conducted at Western University (Canada) in 2013, regarding the use of media by students and instructors. The results of this study support the assumption that the media usage of students and instructors include a mixture of traditional and new media. The main traditional media continue to be important, and some new media have emerged as seemingly on equal footing or even more important than the traditional forms of media. Some new media that have recently …

A Study Of Mobile Learning For Higher Education Students In Guangzhou, Chun Hung, Hugo Wong

Practical Social and Industrial Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Assisted Technology For Daily Living, Raymond K.Y. Tong

Practical Social and Industrial Research Symposium

Prof Tong will introduce two major assisted technologies he recently developed to assist elderly people’s daily living and promote healthy ageing : i) the telecare system for monitoring the safety of single elderly at home; and ii) Kinect system for elderly to carry out home-based exercise.

Design Of Gan-Based Low-Loss Y-Branch Power Splitter, Retno Wigajatri Purnamaningsih, Irma Saraswati, Nji Raden Poespawati, Elhadj Dogheche

Makara Journal of Technology

We present a Y-branch power splitter design with a multimode section using GaN on Sapphire at telecommunication wavelength. The GaN sample optical properties were also investigated, resulting in a refractive index for the GaN layers nTE=2.289±0.001 and nTM=2.324±0.00. Optimization of the structure parameters for this structure was conducted accurately using BPM methods. The results demonstrated the possibility of realizing a GaN-based Y-branch power splitter for various applications.

Ultra-Wideband Notched Characteristic Fed By Coplanar Waveguide, Rastanto Hadinegoro, Yuli Kurnia Ningsih, Indra Surjati

Makara Journal of Technology

In this paper, a novel Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) notch patch antenna with co-planar waveguide (CPW) fed is presented. This antenna only used one layer and the patch antenna is constructed on the first layer and back to back with CPW fed and bottom part is ground plane. The width notch is used to achieve the UWB characteristic. The results shown that the impedance bandwidth is 1130 MHz (1.662–2.792 GHz) or about 50.7% for VSWR <2.

Analysis Of Vibration Generated By The Rubbing Of Flat Surfaces, Zahrul Fuadi

Makara Journal of Technology

Among the phenomena that occur as a result of contact between two surfaces is friction sound, in which surface roughness is of great importance. In this study, the parameter of contact stiffness is used to explain the frequency characteristic of vibration generated by the rubbing of flat surfaces under a small load. A 3-disk configuration rubbing method was used, which provides a unique characteristic of the system's frequency response function containing specific information about the rubbing vibrations. It is shown that the peak frequency of the rubbing vibration can be explained by using a two-degrees-of-freedom model incorporating the parameter of …